path: root/vsperf

#!/usr/bin/env python3

# Copyright 2015-2016 Intel Corporation.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.

"""VSPERF main script.
"""

import logging
import os
import sys
import argparse
import time
import datetime
import shutil
import unittest
import xmlrunner
import locale
import copy
import glob
import subprocess

sys.dont_write_bytecode = True

from conf import settings
from conf import get_test_param
from core.loader import Loader
from testcases import PerformanceTestCase
from testcases import IntegrationTestCase
from tools import tasks
from tools import networkcard
from tools import functions
from tools.pkt_gen import trafficgen
from tools.opnfvdashboard import opnfvdashboard
from tools.pkt_gen.trafficgen.trafficgenhelper import TRAFFIC_DEFAULTS
import core.component_factory as component_factory

VERBOSITY_LEVELS = {
    'debug': logging.DEBUG,
    'info': logging.INFO,
    'warning': logging.WARNING,
    'error': logging.ERROR,
    'critical': logging.CRITICAL
}

_TEMPLATE_RST = {'head'  : 'tools/report/report_head.rst',
                 'foot'  : 'tools/report/report_foot.rst',
                 'final' : 'test_report.rst',
                 'tmp'   : 'tools/report/report_tmp_caption.rst'
                }

_LOGGER = logging.getLogger()

def parse_arguments():
    """
    Parse command line arguments.
    """
    class _SplitTestParamsAction(argparse.Action):
        """
        Parse and split the '--test-params' argument.

        This expects either 'x=y', 'x=y,z' or 'x' (implicit true)
        values. For multiple overrides use a ; separated list for
        e.g. --test-params 'x=z; y=a,b'
        """
        def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
            results = {}

            for value in values.split(';'):
                result = [key.strip() for key in value.split('=')]
                if len(result) == 1:
                    results[result[0]] = True
                elif len(result) == 2:
                    results[result[0]] = result[1]
                else:
                    raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
                        'expected \'%s\' to be of format \'key=val\' or'
                        ' \'key\'' % result)

            setattr(namespace, self.dest, results)

    class _ValidateFileAction(argparse.Action):
        """Validate a file can be read from before using it.
        """
        def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
            if not os.path.isfile(values):
                raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
                    'the path \'%s\' is not a valid path' % values)
            elif not os.access(values, os.R_OK):
                raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
                    'the path \'%s\' is not accessible' % values)

            setattr(namespace, self.dest, values)

    class _ValidateDirAction(argparse.Action):
        """Validate a directory can be written to before using it.
        """
        def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
            if not os.path.isdir(values):
                raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
                    'the path \'%s\' is not a valid path' % values)
            elif not os.access(values, os.W_OK):
                raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError(
                    'the path \'%s\' is not accessible' % values)

            setattr(namespace, self.dest, values)

    def list_logging_levels():
        """Give a summary of all available logging levels.

	:return: List of verbosity level names in decreasing order of
            verbosity
        """
        return sorted(VERBOSITY_LEVELS.keys(),
                      key=lambda x: VERBOSITY_LEVELS[x])

    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(prog=__file__, formatter_class=
                                     argparse.ArgumentDefaultsHelpFormatter)
    parser.add_argument('--version', action='version', version='%(prog)s 0.2')
    parser.add_argument('--list', '--list-tests', action='store_true',
                        help='list all tests and exit')
    parser.add_argument('--list-trafficgens', action='store_true',
                        help='list all traffic generators and exit')
    parser.add_argument('--list-collectors', action='store_true',
                        help='list all system metrics loggers and exit')
    parser.add_argument('--list-vswitches', action='store_true',
                        help='list all system vswitches and exit')
    parser.add_argument('--list-fwdapps', action='store_true',
                        help='list all system forwarding applications and exit')
    parser.add_argument('--list-vnfs', action='store_true',
                        help='list all system vnfs and exit')
    parser.add_argument('--list-settings', action='store_true',
                        help='list effective settings configuration and exit')
    parser.add_argument('exact_test_name', nargs='*', help='Exact names of\
            tests to run. E.g "vsperf phy2phy_tput phy2phy_cont"\
            runs only the two tests with those exact names.\
            To run all tests omit both positional args and --tests arg.')

    group = parser.add_argument_group('test selection options')
    group.add_argument('-m', '--mode', help='vsperf mode of operation;\
            Values: "normal" - execute vSwitch, VNF and traffic generator;\
            "trafficgen" - execute only traffic generator; "trafficgen-off" \
            - execute vSwitch and VNF; trafficgen-pause - execute vSwitch \
            and VNF but pause before traffic transmission ', default='normal')

    group.add_argument('-f', '--test-spec', help='test specification file')
    group.add_argument('-d', '--test-dir', help='directory containing tests')
    group.add_argument('-t', '--tests', help='Comma-separated list of terms \
            indicating tests to run. e.g. "RFC2544,!p2p" - run all tests whose\
            name contains RFC2544 less those containing "p2p"; "!back2back" - \
            run all tests except those containing back2back')
    group.add_argument('--verbosity', choices=list_logging_levels(),
                       help='debug level')
    group.add_argument('--integration', action='store_true', help='execute integration tests')
    group.add_argument('--trafficgen', help='traffic generator to use')
    group.add_argument('--vswitch', help='vswitch implementation to use')
    group.add_argument('--fwdapp', help='packet forwarding application to use')
    group.add_argument('--vnf', help='vnf to use')
    group.add_argument('--sysmetrics', help='system metrics logger to use')
    group = parser.add_argument_group('test behavior options')
    group.add_argument('--xunit', action='store_true',
                       help='enable xUnit-formatted output')
    group.add_argument('--xunit-dir', action=_ValidateDirAction,
                       help='output directory of xUnit-formatted output')
    group.add_argument('--load-env', action='store_true',
                       help='enable loading of settings from the environment')
    group.add_argument('--conf-file', action=_ValidateFileAction,
                       help='settings file')
    group.add_argument('--test-params', action=_SplitTestParamsAction,
                       help='csv list of test parameters: key=val; e.g.'
                       'including pkt_sizes=x,y; duration=x; '
                       'rfc2544_tests=x ...')
    group.add_argument('--opnfvpod', help='name of POD in opnfv')

    args = vars(parser.parse_args())

    return args


def configure_logging(level):
    """Configure logging.
    """
    log_file_default = os.path.join(
        settings.getValue('LOG_DIR'), settings.getValue('LOG_FILE_DEFAULT'))
    log_file_host_cmds = os.path.join(
        settings.getValue('LOG_DIR'), settings.getValue('LOG_FILE_HOST_CMDS'))
    log_file_traffic_gen = os.path.join(
        settings.getValue('LOG_DIR'),
        settings.getValue('LOG_FILE_TRAFFIC_GEN'))

    _LOGGER.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)

    stream_logger = logging.StreamHandler(sys.stdout)
    stream_logger.setLevel(VERBOSITY_LEVELS[level])
    stream_logger.setFormatter(logging.Formatter(
        '[%(levelname)-5s]  %(asctime)s : (%(name)s) - %(message)s'))
    _LOGGER.addHandler(stream_logger)

    file_logger = logging.FileHandler(filename=log_file_default)
    file_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    _LOGGER.addHandler(file_logger)

    class CommandFilter(logging.Filter):
        """Filter out strings beginning with 'cmd :'"""
        def filter(self, record):
            return record.getMessage().startswith(tasks.CMD_PREFIX)

    class TrafficGenCommandFilter(logging.Filter):
        """Filter out strings beginning with 'gencmd :'"""
        def filter(self, record):
            return record.getMessage().startswith(trafficgen.CMD_PREFIX)

    cmd_logger = logging.FileHandler(filename=log_file_host_cmds)
    cmd_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    cmd_logger.addFilter(CommandFilter())
    _LOGGER.addHandler(cmd_logger)

    gen_logger = logging.FileHandler(filename=log_file_traffic_gen)
    gen_logger.setLevel(logging.DEBUG)
    gen_logger.addFilter(TrafficGenCommandFilter())
    _LOGGER.addHandler(gen_logger)


def apply_filter(tests, tc_filter):
    """Allow a subset of tests to be conveniently selected

    :param tests: The list of Tests from which to select.
    :param tc_filter: A case-insensitive string of comma-separated terms
        indicating the Tests to select.
        e.g. 'RFC' - select all tests whose name contains 'RFC'
        e.g. 'RFC,burst' - select all tests whose name contains 'RFC' or
            'burst'
        e.g. 'RFC,burst,!p2p' - select all tests whose name contains 'RFC'
            or 'burst' and from these remove any containing 'p2p'.
        e.g. '' - empty string selects all tests.
    :return: A list of the selected Tests.
    """
    # if negative filter is first we have to start with full list of tests
    if tc_filter.strip()[0] == '!':
        result = tests
    else:
        result = []
    if tc_filter is None:
        tc_filter = ""

    for term in [x.strip() for x in tc_filter.lower().split(",")]:
        if not term or term[0] != '!':
            # Add matching tests from 'tests' into results
            result.extend([test for test in tests \
                if test['Name'].lower().find(term) >= 0])
        else:
            # Term begins with '!' so we remove matching tests
            result = [test for test in result \
                if test['Name'].lower().find(term[1:]) < 0]

    return result


def check_and_set_locale():
    """ Function will check locale settings. In case, that it isn't configured
    properly, then default values specified by DEFAULT_LOCALE will be used.
    """

    system_locale = locale.getdefaultlocale()
    if None in system_locale:
        os.environ['LC_ALL'] = settings.getValue('DEFAULT_LOCALE')
        _LOGGER.warning("Locale was not properly configured. Default values were set. Old locale: %s, New locale: %s",
                        system_locale, locale.getdefaultlocale())


def generate_final_report():
    """ Function will check if partial test results are available
    and generates final report in rst format.
    """

    path = settings.getValue('RESULTS_PATH')
    # check if there are any results in rst format
    rst_results = glob.glob(os.path.join(path, 'result*rst'))
    if len(rst_results):
        try:
            test_report = os.path.join(path, '{}_{}'.format(settings.getValue('VSWITCH'), _TEMPLATE_RST['final']))
            # create report caption directly - it is not worth to execute jinja machinery
            if settings.getValue('VSWITCH').lower() != 'none':
                pkt_processor = Loader().get_vswitches()[settings.getValue('VSWITCH')].__doc__.strip().split('\n')[0]
            else:
                pkt_processor = Loader().get_pktfwds()[settings.getValue('PKTFWD')].__doc__.strip().split('\n')[0]
            report_caption = '{}\n{} {}\n{}\n\n'.format(
                '============================================================',
                'Performance report for',
                pkt_processor,
                '============================================================')

            with open(_TEMPLATE_RST['tmp'], 'w') as file_:
                file_.write(report_caption)

            retval = subprocess.call('cat {} {} {} {} > {}'.format(_TEMPLATE_RST['tmp'], _TEMPLATE_RST['head'],
                                                                   ' '.join(rst_results), _TEMPLATE_RST['foot'],
                                                                   test_report), shell=True)
            if retval == 0 and os.path.isfile(test_report):
                _LOGGER.info('Overall test report written to "%s"', test_report)
            else:
                _LOGGER.error('Generatrion of overall test report has failed.')

            # remove temporary file
            os.remove(_TEMPLATE_RST['tmp'])

        except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
            _LOGGER.error('Generatrion of overall test report has failed.')


def enable_sriov(nic_list):
    """ Enable SRIOV for given enhanced PCI IDs

    :param nic_list: A list of enhanced PCI IDs
    """
    # detect if sriov is required
    sriov_nic = {}
    for nic in nic_list:
        if networkcard.is_sriov_nic(nic):
            tmp_nic = nic.split('|')
            if tmp_nic[0] in sriov_nic:
                if int(tmp_nic[1][2:]) > sriov_nic[tmp_nic[0]]:
                    sriov_nic[tmp_nic[0]] = int(tmp_nic[1][2:])
            else:
                sriov_nic.update({tmp_nic[0] : int(tmp_nic[1][2:])})

    # sriov is required for some NICs
    if len(sriov_nic):
        for nic in sriov_nic:
            # check if SRIOV is supported and enough virt interfaces are available
            if not networkcard.is_sriov_supported(nic) \
                or networkcard.get_sriov_numvfs(nic) <= sriov_nic[nic]:
                # if not, enable and set appropriate number of VFs
                if not networkcard.set_sriov_numvfs(nic, sriov_nic[nic] + 1):
                    _LOGGER.error("SRIOV cannot be enabled for NIC %s", nic)
                    raise
                else:
                    _LOGGER.debug("SRIOV enabled for NIC %s", nic)

                # WORKAROUND: it has been observed with IXGBE(VF) driver,
                # that NIC doesn't correclty dispatch traffic to VFs based
                # on their MAC address. Unbind and bind to the same driver
                # solves this issue.
                networkcard.reinit_vfs(nic)

        # After SRIOV is enabled it takes some time until network drivers
        # properly initialize all cards.
        # Wait also in case, that SRIOV was already configured as it can be
        # configured automatically just before vsperf execution.
        time.sleep(2)

        return True

    return False


def disable_sriov(nic_list):
    """ Disable SRIOV for given PCI IDs

    :param nic_list: A list of enhanced PCI IDs
    """
    for nic in nic_list:
        if networkcard.is_sriov_nic(nic):
            if not networkcard.set_sriov_numvfs(nic.split('|')[0], 0):
                _LOGGER.error("SRIOV cannot be disabled for NIC %s", nic)
                raise
            else:
                _LOGGER.debug("SRIOV disabled for NIC %s", nic.split('|')[0])


def handle_list_options(args):
    """ Process --list cli arguments if needed

    :param args: A dictionary with all CLI arguments
    """
    if args['list_trafficgens']:
        print(Loader().get_trafficgens_printable())
        sys.exit(0)

    if args['list_collectors']:
        print(Loader().get_collectors_printable())
        sys.exit(0)

    if args['list_vswitches']:
        print(Loader().get_vswitches_printable())
        sys.exit(0)

    if args['list_vnfs']:
        print(Loader().get_vnfs_printable())
        sys.exit(0)

    if args['list_fwdapps']:
        print(Loader().get_pktfwds_printable())
        sys.exit(0)

    if args['list_settings']:
        print(str(settings))
        sys.exit(0)

    if args['list']:
        # configure tests
        if args['integration']:
            testcases = settings.getValue('INTEGRATION_TESTS')
        else:
            testcases = settings.getValue('PERFORMANCE_TESTS')

        print("Available Tests:")
        print("================")

        for test in testcases:
            print('* %-30s %s' % ('%s:' % test['Name'], test['Description']))
        sys.exit(0)


def vsperf_finalize():
    """ Clean up before exit
    """
    # remove directory if no result files were created
    try:
        results_path = settings.getValue('RESULTS_PATH')
        if os.path.exists(results_path):
            files_list = os.listdir(results_path)
            if files_list == []:
                _LOGGER.info("Removing empty result directory: "  + results_path)
                shutil.rmtree(results_path)
    except AttributeError:
        # skip it if parameter doesn't exist
        pass

    # disable SRIOV if needed
    try:
        if settings.getValue('SRIOV_ENABLED'):
            disable_sriov(settings.getValue('WHITELIST_NICS_ORIG'))
    except AttributeError:
        # skip it if parameter doesn't exist
        pass


class MockTestCase(unittest.TestCase):
    """Allow use of xmlrunner to generate Jenkins compatible output without
    using xmlrunner to actually run tests.

    Usage:
        suite = unittest.TestSuite()
        suite.addTest(MockTestCase('Test1 passed ', True, 'Test1'))
        suite.addTest(MockTestCase('Test2 failed because...', False, 'Test2'))
        xmlrunner.XMLTestRunner(...).run(suite)
    """

    def __init__(self, msg, is_pass, test_name):
        #remember the things
        self.msg = msg
        self.is_pass = is_pass

        #dynamically create a test method with the right name
        #but point the method at our generic test method
        setattr(MockTestCase, test_name, self.generic_test)

        super(MockTestCase, self).__init__(test_name)

    def generic_test(self):
        """Provide a generic function that raises or not based
        on how self.is_pass was set in the constructor"""
        self.assertTrue(self.is_pass, self.msg)


def main():
    """Main function.
    """
    args = parse_arguments()

    # configure settings

    settings.load_from_dir('conf')

    # Load non performance/integration tests
    if args['integration']:
        settings.load_from_dir('conf/integration')

    # load command line parameters first in case there are settings files
    # to be used
    settings.load_from_dict(args)

    if args['conf_file']:
        settings.load_from_file(args['conf_file'])

    if args['load_env']:
        settings.load_from_env()

    # reload command line parameters since these should take higher priority
    # than both a settings file and environment variables
    settings.load_from_dict(args)

    # set dpdk and ovs paths accorfing to VNF and VSWITCH
    functions.settings_update_paths()

    # if required, handle list-* operations
    handle_list_options(args)

    configure_logging(settings.getValue('VERBOSITY'))

    # check and fix locale
    check_and_set_locale()

    # configure trafficgens
    if args['trafficgen']:
        trafficgens = Loader().get_trafficgens()
        if args['trafficgen'] not in trafficgens:
            _LOGGER.error('There are no trafficgens matching \'%s\' found in'
                          ' \'%s\'. Exiting...', args['trafficgen'],
                          settings.getValue('TRAFFICGEN_DIR'))
            sys.exit(1)

    # configuration validity checks
    if args['vswitch']:
        vswitch_none = 'none' == args['vswitch'].strip().lower()
        if vswitch_none:
            settings.setValue('VSWITCH', 'none')
        else:
            vswitches = Loader().get_vswitches()
            if args['vswitch'] not in vswitches:
                _LOGGER.error('There are no vswitches matching \'%s\' found in'
                              ' \'%s\'. Exiting...', args['vswitch'],
                              settings.getValue('VSWITCH_DIR'))
                sys.exit(1)

    if args['fwdapp']:
        settings.setValue('PKTFWD', args['fwdapp'])
        fwdapps = Loader().get_pktfwds()
        if args['fwdapp'] not in fwdapps:
            _LOGGER.error('There are no forwarding application'
                          ' matching \'%s\' found in'
                          ' \'%s\'. Exiting...', args['fwdapp'],
                          settings.getValue('PKTFWD_DIR'))
            sys.exit(1)

    if args['vnf']:
        vnfs = Loader().get_vnfs()
        if args['vnf'] not in vnfs:
            _LOGGER.error('there are no vnfs matching \'%s\' found in'
                          ' \'%s\'. exiting...', args['vnf'],
                          settings.getValue('vnf_dir'))
            sys.exit(1)

    if args['exact_test_name'] and args['tests']:
        _LOGGER.error("Cannot specify tests with both positional args and --test.")
        sys.exit(1)

    # sriov handling
    settings.setValue('SRIOV_ENABLED', enable_sriov(settings.getValue('WHITELIST_NICS')))

    # modify NIC configuration to decode enhanced PCI IDs
    wl_nics_orig = list(networkcard.check_pci(pci) for pci in settings.getValue('WHITELIST_NICS'))
    settings.setValue('WHITELIST_NICS_ORIG', wl_nics_orig)

    nic_list = []
    for nic in wl_nics_orig:
        tmp_nic = networkcard.get_nic_info(nic)
        if tmp_nic:
            nic_list.append({'pci' : tmp_nic,
                             'type' : 'vf' if networkcard.get_sriov_pf(tmp_nic) else 'pf',
                             'mac' : networkcard.get_mac(tmp_nic),
                             'driver' : networkcard.get_driver(tmp_nic),
                             'device' : networkcard.get_device_name(tmp_nic)})
        else:
            _LOGGER.error("Invalid network card PCI ID: '%s'", nic)
            vsperf_finalize()
            raise

    settings.setValue('NICS', nic_list)
    # for backward compatibility
    settings.setValue('WHITELIST_NICS', list(nic['pci'] for nic in nic_list))

    # update global settings
    guest_loopback = get_test_param('guest_loopback', None)
    if guest_loopback:
        tmp_gl = []
        for dummy_i in range(len(settings.getValue('GUEST_LOOPBACK'))):
            tmp_gl.append(guest_loopback)
        settings.setValue('GUEST_LOOPBACK', tmp_gl)

    settings.setValue('mode', args['mode'])

    # generate results directory name
    date = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(time.time())
    results_dir = "results_" + date.strftime('%Y-%m-%d_%H-%M-%S')
    results_path = os.path.join(settings.getValue('LOG_DIR'), results_dir)
    settings.setValue('RESULTS_PATH', results_path)

    # create results directory
    if not os.path.exists(results_path):
        _LOGGER.info("Creating result directory: "  + results_path)
        os.makedirs(results_path)

    if settings.getValue('mode') == 'trafficgen':
        # execute only traffic generator
        _LOGGER.debug("Executing traffic generator:")
        loader = Loader()
        # set traffic details, so they can be passed to traffic ctl
        traffic = copy.deepcopy(TRAFFIC_DEFAULTS)
        traffic.update({'traffic_type': get_test_param('traffic_type', 'rfc2544'),
                        'bidir': get_test_param('bidirectional', 'False'),
                        'multistream': int(get_test_param('multistream', 0)),
                        'stream_type': get_test_param('stream_type', 'L4'),
                        'frame_rate': int(get_test_param('iload', 100))})

        traffic_ctl = component_factory.create_traffic(
            traffic['traffic_type'],
            loader.get_trafficgen_class())
        with traffic_ctl:
            traffic_ctl.send_traffic(traffic)
        _LOGGER.debug("Traffic Results:")
        traffic_ctl.print_results()

        # write results into CSV file
        result_file = os.path.join(results_path, "result.csv")
        PerformanceTestCase.write_result_to_file(traffic_ctl.get_results(), result_file)
    else:
        # configure tests
        if args['integration']:
            testcases = settings.getValue('INTEGRATION_TESTS')
        else:
            testcases = settings.getValue('PERFORMANCE_TESTS')

        if args['exact_test_name']:
            exact_names = args['exact_test_name']
            # positional args => exact matches only
            selected_tests = [test for test in testcases if test['Name'] in exact_names]
        elif args['tests']:
            # --tests => apply filter to select requested tests
            selected_tests = apply_filter(testcases, args['tests'])
        else:
            # Default - run all tests
            selected_tests = testcases

        if not len(selected_tests):
            _LOGGER.error("No tests matched --tests option or positional args. Done.")
            vsperf_finalize()
            sys.exit(1)

        # run tests
        suite = unittest.TestSuite()
        for cfg in selected_tests:
            test_name = cfg.get('Name', '<Name not set>')
            try:
                if args['integration']:
                    test = IntegrationTestCase(cfg)
                else:
                    test = PerformanceTestCase(cfg)
                test.run()
                suite.addTest(MockTestCase('', True, test.name))
            #pylint: disable=broad-except
            except (Exception) as ex:
                _LOGGER.exception("Failed to run test: %s", test_name)
                suite.addTest(MockTestCase(str(ex), False, test_name))
                _LOGGER.info("Continuing with next test...")

        # generate final rst report with results of all executed TCs
        generate_final_report()

        if settings.getValue('XUNIT'):
            xmlrunner.XMLTestRunner(
                output=settings.getValue('XUNIT_DIR'), outsuffix="",
                verbosity=0).run(suite)

        if args['opnfvpod']:
            pod_name = args['opnfvpod']
            installer_name = settings.getValue('OPNFV_INSTALLER')
            opnfv_url = settings.getValue('OPNFV_URL')
            pkg_list = settings.getValue('PACKAGE_LIST')

            int_data = {'cuse': False,
                        'vanilla': False,
                        'pod': pod_name,
                        'installer': installer_name,
                        'pkg_list': pkg_list,
                        'db_url': opnfv_url}
            if settings.getValue('VSWITCH').endswith('Vanilla'):
                int_data['vanilla'] = True
            if settings.getValue('VNF').endswith('Cuse'):
                int_data['cuse'] = True
            opnfvdashboard.results2opnfv_dashboard(results_path, int_data)

    # cleanup before exit
    vsperf_finalize()

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()