ebpf: This patch adds ebpf-baremetal test support

Remove object files and binaries
Suggestions in systems/Readme.
Add license headers.

Signed-off-by: Sridhar K. N. Rao <srao@linuxfoundation.org>
Change-Id: I5fd481e3ed3eb51e6b8091cbf6d1ec8e3b00cbf0

33 files changed, 7647 insertions, 1 deletions

diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/Makefile b/src/bpfswitch/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..94a58c9a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+SUBDIRS = ksrc usrc
+
+all:
+	@for s in $(SUBDIRS); do \
+		make -C $$s $(BUILDDIR) all; \
+	done
+
+clean:
+	@for s in $(SUBDIRS); do \
+		make -C $$s $(BUILDDIR) clean; \
+	done
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/README.md b/src/bpfswitch/README.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..15c3d4fd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/README.md
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<!---
+This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
+http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
+-->
+
+# bpfswitch
+
+This repository is self contained. Please install linux-headers for kernel
+version.
+
+## XDP L2 forwarding
+xdp\_l2fwd handles Layer 2 forwarding between an ingress device (e.g., host
+devices) and egress device (e.g., tap device for VMs or other host device). 
+Userspace populates an FDB (hash map) with \<smac,dmac> pairs returning an
+index into a device map which contains the device to receive the packet.
+See scripts/l2fwd.sh for an example.
+
+This program is used for the netdev 0x14 tutorial, XDP and the cloud: Using
+XDP on hosts and VMs https://netdevconf.info/0x14/session.html?tutorial-XDP-and-the-cloud
+
+## Using l2Fwd
+
+1. Go to vineperf/src/bpfswitch/ folder.
+2. First run configure script and then run make 
+3. Go to scripts/ folder and open l2fwd.sh file
+4. Update values of TGEN<EAST/WEST>MAC, <EAST/WEST> Interfaces and their indexes.
+5. Use ifindex.py to know the indexes.
+5. Ensure that path of bpftool is correc in the file.
+6. Save changes and run the script.
+7. If successfully run the setup is ready to test loopback
+
+## Dummy XDP program
+
+xdp\_dummy is a dummy XDP program that just returns XDP\_PASS.
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/configure b/src/bpfswitch/configure
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..7dc7f359
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/configure
@@ -0,0 +1,276 @@
+#!/bin/sh
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+# This is not an autoconf generated configure
+#
+# Influential environment variables:
+#   LIBBPF_DIR  Location of libbpf install to use
+#   KVER        Specify a specific kernel version to build programs
+#   KSRC        Location of kernel headers (e.g., source tree)
+#   KBLD        Location of kernel build files (e.g., O= directory)
+
+# Output file which is input to Makefile
+CONFIG_FINAL=config.mk
+CONFIG=".${CONFIG}.tmp"
+
+# Make a temp directory in build tree.
+TMPDIR=$(mktemp -d config.XXXXXX)
+trap 'status=$?; rm -rf $TMPDIR; rm -f $CONFIG; exit $status' EXIT HUP INT QUIT TERM
+
+check_toolchain()
+{
+    : ${PKG_CONFIG:=pkg-config}
+    : ${CC=gcc}
+    : ${CLANG=clang}
+    : ${LLC=llc}
+
+    for TOOL in $PKG_CONFIG $CC $CLANG $LLC; do
+        if [ ! $(command -v ${TOOL} 2>/dev/null) ]; then
+            echo "*** ERROR: Cannot find tool ${TOOL}" ;
+            exit 1;
+        fi;
+    done
+
+    echo "PKG_CONFIG:=${PKG_CONFIG}" >>$CONFIG
+    echo "CC:=${CC}" >>$CONFIG
+    echo "CLANG:=${CLANG}" >>$CONFIG
+    echo "LLC:=${LLC}" >>$CONFIG
+}
+
+check_elf()
+{
+    if ${PKG_CONFIG} libelf --exists; then
+        echo "HAVE_ELF:=y" >>$CONFIG
+        echo "yes"
+
+        echo 'CFLAGS += -DHAVE_ELF' `${PKG_CONFIG} libelf --cflags` >> $CONFIG
+        LDLIBS="$LDLIBS $(${PKG_CONFIG} libelf --libs)"
+    else
+        echo "missing - this is required"
+        return 1
+    fi
+}
+
+check_zlib()
+{
+    if ${PKG_CONFIG} zlib --exists; then
+        echo "HAVE_ZLIB:=y" >>$CONFIG
+        echo "yes"
+
+        echo 'CFLAGS += -DHAVE_ZLIB' `${PKG_CONFIG} zlib --cflags` >> $CONFIG
+        LDLIBS="$LDLIBS $(${PKG_CONFIG} zlib --libs)"
+    else
+        echo "missing - this is required"
+        return 1
+    fi
+}
+
+libbpf_compile_test()
+{
+	local libs="$*"
+
+        cat >$TMPDIR/libbpftest.c <<EOF
+#include <bpf/libbpf.h>
+int main(int argc, char **argv) {
+    void *ptr;
+    DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_object_open_opts, opts, .pin_root_path = "/path");
+    DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(bpf_xdp_set_link_opts, lopts, .old_fd = -1);
+    (void) bpf_object__open_file("file", &opts);
+    (void) bpf_program__name(ptr);
+    (void) bpf_map__set_initial_value(ptr, ptr, 0);
+    (void) bpf_set_link_xdp_fd_opts(0, 0, 0, &lopts);
+    return 0;
+}
+EOF
+
+        libbpf_err=$($CC -o $TMPDIR/libbpftest $TMPDIR/libbpftest.c  $LIBBPF_CFLAGS $LIBBPF_LDLIBS $libs 2>&1)
+}
+
+check_custom_libbpf()
+{
+    LIBBPF_CFLAGS="-I${LIBBPF_DIR}/usr/include"
+    LIBBPF_LDLIBS="$(find ${LIBBPF_DIR} -name libbpf.a)"
+
+    echo -n "ELF support: "
+    check_elf || exit 1
+
+    echo -n "zlib support: "
+    check_zlib || exit 1
+
+    libbpf_compile_test "${LDLIBS}"
+    if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
+        echo "LIBBPF_DIR=${LIBBPF_DIR}" >> $CONFIG
+        echo "CFLAGS += $LIBBPF_CFLAGS" >> $CONFIG
+        echo "LDLIBS += $LIBBPF_LDLIBS $LDLIBS" >> $CONFIG
+
+        echo "libbpf support: custom install"
+        return 0
+    fi
+
+    echo "libbpf support: invalid custom install"
+    return 1
+}
+
+check_libbpf()
+{
+    local libbpf_err
+
+    if [ -n "$LIBBPF_DIR" ]; then
+	    check_custom_libbpf
+	    return $?
+    fi
+
+    echo -n "libbpf support: "
+    if [ "${FORCE_SUBMODULE_LIBBPF:-0}" -ne "1" ] && ${PKG_CONFIG} libbpf --exists; then
+        LIBBPF_CFLAGS=$(${PKG_CONFIG} libbpf --cflags)
+        LIBBPF_LDLIBS=$(${PKG_CONFIG} libbpf --libs)
+
+        libbpf_compile_test
+        if [ "$?" -eq "0" ]; then
+            echo "SYSTEM_LIBBPF:=y" >>$CONFIG
+            echo 'CFLAGS += ' $LIBBPF_CFLAGS >> $CONFIG
+            echo 'LDLIBS += ' $LIBBPF_LDLIBS >>$CONFIG
+            echo 'OBJECT_LIBBPF = ' >>$CONFIG
+            echo system
+
+            return 0
+        fi
+    else
+        libbpf_err="${PKG_CONFIG} couldn't find libbpf"
+    fi
+
+    if [ "${FORCE_SYSTEM_LIBBPF:-0}" -eq "1" ]; then
+        echo "FORCE_SYSTEM_LIBBPF is set, but no usable libbpf found on system"
+        echo "error: $libbpf_err"
+        rm -f "$CONFIG"
+        exit 1
+    fi
+
+    echo submodule
+    echo "SYSTEM_LIBBPF:=n" >> $CONFIG
+    echo 'CFLAGS += -I$(LIB_DIR)/libbpf-install/usr/include' >>$CONFIG
+    echo 'BPF_CFLAGS += -I$(LIB_DIR)/libbpf-install/usr/include' >>$CONFIG
+    echo 'LDFLAGS += -L$(LIB_DIR)/libbpf/src' >>$CONFIG
+    echo 'LDLIBS += -l:libbpf.a' >>$CONFIG
+    echo 'OBJECT_LIBBPF = $(LIB_DIR)/libbpf/src/libbpf.a' >>$CONFIG
+    if ! [ -d "lib/libbpf/src" ] && [ -f ".gitmodules" ] && [ -e ".git" ]; then
+        git submodule init && git submodule update
+    fi
+
+    echo -n "ELF support: "
+    check_elf || exit 1
+
+    echo -n "zlib support: "
+    check_zlib || exit 1
+
+    echo "LDLIBS += $LDLIBS" >>$CONFIG
+
+    # For the build submodule library we know it does support this API, so we
+    # hard code it. Also due to the fact it's hard to build a test app as
+    # libbpf.a has not been build at configure time.
+    echo "HAVE_LIBBPF_PERF_BUFFER__CONSUME:=y" >>"$CONFIG"
+}
+
+find_kernel_path()
+{
+	local ksrc
+	local kbld
+
+	: ${KVER:=$(uname -r)}
+
+	if [ "${KSRC}" != "" ]; then
+		ksrc="${KSRC}"
+	# Fedora, Redhat and custom kernels
+	elif [ -e /lib/modules/${KVER}/source ]; then
+		ksrc="/lib/modules/${KVER}/source"
+	# Ubuntu, Debian
+	elif [ -e /usr/src/linux-headers-${KVER} ]; then
+		ksrc="/usr/src/linux-headers-${KVER}"
+	else
+		echo "Failed to find kernel source directory" >&2
+		return 1
+	fi
+
+	if [ "${KBLD}" != "" ]; then
+		kbld="${KBLD}"
+	elif [ -e /lib/modules/${KVER}/build ]; then
+		kbld="/lib/modules/${KVER}/build"
+	else
+		echo "Failed to find kernel build directory" >&2
+		return 1
+	fi
+	echo "KSRC=${ksrc}" >> "$CONFIG"
+	echo "KBLD=${kbld}" >> "$CONFIG"
+}
+
+quiet_config()
+{
+    cat <<EOF
+# user can control verbosity similar to kernel builds (e.g., V=1)
+ifeq ("\$(origin V)", "command line")
+  VERBOSE = \$(V)
+endif
+ifndef VERBOSE
+  VERBOSE = 0
+endif
+ifeq (\$(VERBOSE),1)
+  Q =
+else
+  Q = @
+endif
+ifeq (\$(VERBOSE),0)
+MAKEFLAGS += --no-print-directory
+endif
+
+
+ifeq (\$(VERBOSE), 0)
+    QUIET_CC       = @echo '    CC       '\$@;
+    QUIET_CLANG    = @echo '    CLANG    '\$@;
+    QUIET_LLC      = @echo '    LLC      '\$@;
+    QUIET_LINK     = @echo '    LINK     '\$@;
+    QUIET_INSTALL  = @echo '    INSTALL  '\$@;
+    QUIET_GEN      = @echo '    GEN      '\$@;
+endif
+EOF
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# show help
+
+usage()
+{
+	cat <<EOF
+Usage: $0 OPTS
+
+OPTS:
+    -l LIBBPF  Path to libbpf install (if not using system version)
+
+    -k KVER    Kernel version to build against (default: $(uname -r))
+    -s KSRC    Location of kernel source
+    -b KBLD    Location of kernel build directory
+EOF
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# main
+
+while getopts :l:k:s:b: o
+do
+	case "$o" in
+	l) LIBBPF_DIR="$OPTARG";;
+	k) KVER="$OPTARG";;
+	s) KSRC="$OPTARG";;
+	b) KBLD="$OPTARG";;
+	*) usage; exit 1;;
+	esac
+done
+
+echo "# Generated config" >$CONFIG
+quiet_config >> $CONFIG
+
+check_toolchain
+
+check_libbpf || exit 1
+
+find_kernel_path || exit 1
+
+mv $CONFIG $CONFIG_FINAL
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..dbef24eb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,244 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+
+/*
+ * common eBPF ELF operations.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 Huawei Inc.
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation;
+ * version 2.1 of the License (not later!)
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ * but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ * GNU Lesser General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ * You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public
+ * License along with this program; if not,  see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses>
+ */
+#ifndef __LIBBPF_BPF_H
+#define __LIBBPF_BPF_H
+
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+
+#include "libbpf_common.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+struct bpf_create_map_attr {
+	const char *name;
+	enum bpf_map_type map_type;
+	__u32 map_flags;
+	__u32 key_size;
+	__u32 value_size;
+	__u32 max_entries;
+	__u32 numa_node;
+	__u32 btf_fd;
+	__u32 btf_key_type_id;
+	__u32 btf_value_type_id;
+	__u32 map_ifindex;
+	union {
+		__u32 inner_map_fd;
+		__u32 btf_vmlinux_value_type_id;
+	};
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API int
+bpf_create_map_xattr(const struct bpf_create_map_attr *create_attr);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_create_map_node(enum bpf_map_type map_type, const char *name,
+				   int key_size, int value_size,
+				   int max_entries, __u32 map_flags, int node);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_create_map_name(enum bpf_map_type map_type, const char *name,
+				   int key_size, int value_size,
+				   int max_entries, __u32 map_flags);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_create_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type, int key_size,
+			      int value_size, int max_entries, __u32 map_flags);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_create_map_in_map_node(enum bpf_map_type map_type,
+					  const char *name, int key_size,
+					  int inner_map_fd, int max_entries,
+					  __u32 map_flags, int node);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_create_map_in_map(enum bpf_map_type map_type,
+				     const char *name, int key_size,
+				     int inner_map_fd, int max_entries,
+				     __u32 map_flags);
+
+struct bpf_load_program_attr {
+	enum bpf_prog_type prog_type;
+	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
+	const char *name;
+	const struct bpf_insn *insns;
+	size_t insns_cnt;
+	const char *license;
+	union {
+		__u32 kern_version;
+		__u32 attach_prog_fd;
+	};
+	union {
+		__u32 prog_ifindex;
+		__u32 attach_btf_id;
+	};
+	__u32 prog_btf_fd;
+	__u32 func_info_rec_size;
+	const void *func_info;
+	__u32 func_info_cnt;
+	__u32 line_info_rec_size;
+	const void *line_info;
+	__u32 line_info_cnt;
+	__u32 log_level;
+	__u32 prog_flags;
+};
+
+/* Flags to direct loading requirements */
+#define MAPS_RELAX_COMPAT	0x01
+
+/* Recommend log buffer size */
+#define BPF_LOG_BUF_SIZE (UINT32_MAX >> 8) /* verifier maximum in kernels <= 5.1 */
+LIBBPF_API int
+bpf_load_program_xattr(const struct bpf_load_program_attr *load_attr,
+		       char *log_buf, size_t log_buf_sz);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_load_program(enum bpf_prog_type type,
+				const struct bpf_insn *insns, size_t insns_cnt,
+				const char *license, __u32 kern_version,
+				char *log_buf, size_t log_buf_sz);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_verify_program(enum bpf_prog_type type,
+				  const struct bpf_insn *insns,
+				  size_t insns_cnt, __u32 prog_flags,
+				  const char *license, __u32 kern_version,
+				  char *log_buf, size_t log_buf_sz,
+				  int log_level);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_update_elem(int fd, const void *key, const void *value,
+				   __u64 flags);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_lookup_elem(int fd, const void *key, void *value);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_lookup_elem_flags(int fd, const void *key, void *value,
+					 __u64 flags);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_lookup_and_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key,
+					      void *value);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_delete_elem(int fd, const void *key);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_get_next_key(int fd, const void *key, void *next_key);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_freeze(int fd);
+
+struct bpf_map_batch_opts {
+	size_t sz; /* size of this struct for forward/backward compatibility */
+	__u64 elem_flags;
+	__u64 flags;
+};
+#define bpf_map_batch_opts__last_field flags
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_delete_batch(int fd, void *keys,
+				    __u32 *count,
+				    const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_lookup_batch(int fd, void *in_batch, void *out_batch,
+				    void *keys, void *values, __u32 *count,
+				    const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_lookup_and_delete_batch(int fd, void *in_batch,
+					void *out_batch, void *keys,
+					void *values, __u32 *count,
+					const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_update_batch(int fd, void *keys, void *values,
+				    __u32 *count,
+				    const struct bpf_map_batch_opts *opts);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_obj_pin(int fd, const char *pathname);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_obj_get(const char *pathname);
+
+struct bpf_prog_attach_opts {
+	size_t sz; /* size of this struct for forward/backward compatibility */
+	unsigned int flags;
+	int replace_prog_fd;
+};
+#define bpf_prog_attach_opts__last_field replace_prog_fd
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_attach(int prog_fd, int attachable_fd,
+			       enum bpf_attach_type type, unsigned int flags);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_attach_xattr(int prog_fd, int attachable_fd,
+				     enum bpf_attach_type type,
+				     const struct bpf_prog_attach_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_detach(int attachable_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_detach2(int prog_fd, int attachable_fd,
+				enum bpf_attach_type type);
+
+struct bpf_link_create_opts {
+	size_t sz; /* size of this struct for forward/backward compatibility */
+};
+#define bpf_link_create_opts__last_field sz
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link_create(int prog_fd, int target_fd,
+			       enum bpf_attach_type attach_type,
+			       const struct bpf_link_create_opts *opts);
+
+struct bpf_link_update_opts {
+	size_t sz; /* size of this struct for forward/backward compatibility */
+	__u32 flags;	   /* extra flags */
+	__u32 old_prog_fd; /* expected old program FD */
+};
+#define bpf_link_update_opts__last_field old_prog_fd
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link_update(int link_fd, int new_prog_fd,
+			       const struct bpf_link_update_opts *opts);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_iter_create(int link_fd);
+
+struct bpf_prog_test_run_attr {
+	int prog_fd;
+	int repeat;
+	const void *data_in;
+	__u32 data_size_in;
+	void *data_out;      /* optional */
+	__u32 data_size_out; /* in: max length of data_out
+			      * out: length of data_out */
+	__u32 retval;        /* out: return code of the BPF program */
+	__u32 duration;      /* out: average per repetition in ns */
+	const void *ctx_in; /* optional */
+	__u32 ctx_size_in;
+	void *ctx_out;      /* optional */
+	__u32 ctx_size_out; /* in: max length of ctx_out
+			     * out: length of cxt_out */
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_test_run_xattr(struct bpf_prog_test_run_attr *test_attr);
+
+/*
+ * bpf_prog_test_run does not check that data_out is large enough. Consider
+ * using bpf_prog_test_run_xattr instead.
+ */
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_test_run(int prog_fd, int repeat, void *data,
+				 __u32 size, void *data_out, __u32 *size_out,
+				 __u32 *retval, __u32 *duration);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_btf_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link_get_next_id(__u32 start_id, __u32 *next_id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_btf_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link_get_fd_by_id(__u32 id);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(int bpf_fd, void *info, __u32 *info_len);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_query(int target_fd, enum bpf_attach_type type,
+			      __u32 query_flags, __u32 *attach_flags,
+			      __u32 *prog_ids, __u32 *prog_cnt);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_raw_tracepoint_open(const char *name, int prog_fd);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_load_btf(void *btf, __u32 btf_size, char *log_buf,
+			    __u32 log_buf_size, bool do_log);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_task_fd_query(int pid, int fd, __u32 flags, char *buf,
+				 __u32 *buf_len, __u32 *prog_id, __u32 *fd_type,
+				 __u64 *probe_offset, __u64 *probe_addr);
+
+enum bpf_stats_type; /* defined in up-to-date linux/bpf.h */
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_enable_stats(enum bpf_stats_type type);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __LIBBPF_BPF_H */
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_core_read.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_core_read.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..eae5cccf
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_core_read.h
@@ -0,0 +1,263 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+#ifndef __BPF_CORE_READ_H__
+#define __BPF_CORE_READ_H__
+
+/*
+ * enum bpf_field_info_kind is passed as a second argument into
+ * __builtin_preserve_field_info() built-in to get a specific aspect of
+ * a field, captured as a first argument. __builtin_preserve_field_info(field,
+ * info_kind) returns __u32 integer and produces BTF field relocation, which
+ * is understood and processed by libbpf during BPF object loading. See
+ * selftests/bpf for examples.
+ */
+enum bpf_field_info_kind {
+	BPF_FIELD_BYTE_OFFSET = 0,	/* field byte offset */
+	BPF_FIELD_BYTE_SIZE = 1,
+	BPF_FIELD_EXISTS = 2,		/* field existence in target kernel */
+	BPF_FIELD_SIGNED = 3,
+	BPF_FIELD_LSHIFT_U64 = 4,
+	BPF_FIELD_RSHIFT_U64 = 5,
+};
+
+#define __CORE_RELO(src, field, info)					      \
+	__builtin_preserve_field_info((src)->field, BPF_FIELD_##info)
+
+#if __BYTE_ORDER == __LITTLE_ENDIAN
+#define __CORE_BITFIELD_PROBE_READ(dst, src, fld)			      \
+	bpf_probe_read((void *)dst,					      \
+		       __CORE_RELO(src, fld, BYTE_SIZE),		      \
+		       (const void *)src + __CORE_RELO(src, fld, BYTE_OFFSET))
+#else
+/* semantics of LSHIFT_64 assumes loading values into low-ordered bytes, so
+ * for big-endian we need to adjust destination pointer accordingly, based on
+ * field byte size
+ */
+#define __CORE_BITFIELD_PROBE_READ(dst, src, fld)			      \
+	bpf_probe_read((void *)dst + (8 - __CORE_RELO(src, fld, BYTE_SIZE)),  \
+		       __CORE_RELO(src, fld, BYTE_SIZE),		      \
+		       (const void *)src + __CORE_RELO(src, fld, BYTE_OFFSET))
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Extract bitfield, identified by s->field, and return its value as u64.
+ * All this is done in relocatable manner, so bitfield changes such as
+ * signedness, bit size, offset changes, this will be handled automatically.
+ * This version of macro is using bpf_probe_read() to read underlying integer
+ * storage. Macro functions as an expression and its return type is
+ * bpf_probe_read()'s return value: 0, on success, <0 on error.
+ */
+#define BPF_CORE_READ_BITFIELD_PROBED(s, field) ({			      \
+	unsigned long long val = 0;					      \
+									      \
+	__CORE_BITFIELD_PROBE_READ(&val, s, field);			      \
+	val <<= __CORE_RELO(s, field, LSHIFT_U64);			      \
+	if (__CORE_RELO(s, field, SIGNED))				      \
+		val = ((long long)val) >> __CORE_RELO(s, field, RSHIFT_U64);  \
+	else								      \
+		val = val >> __CORE_RELO(s, field, RSHIFT_U64);		      \
+	val;								      \
+})
+
+/*
+ * Extract bitfield, identified by s->field, and return its value as u64.
+ * This version of macro is using direct memory reads and should be used from
+ * BPF program types that support such functionality (e.g., typed raw
+ * tracepoints).
+ */
+#define BPF_CORE_READ_BITFIELD(s, field) ({				      \
+	const void *p = (const void *)s + __CORE_RELO(s, field, BYTE_OFFSET); \
+	unsigned long long val;						      \
+									      \
+	switch (__CORE_RELO(s, field, BYTE_SIZE)) {			      \
+	case 1: val = *(const unsigned char *)p;			      \
+	case 2: val = *(const unsigned short *)p;			      \
+	case 4: val = *(const unsigned int *)p;				      \
+	case 8: val = *(const unsigned long long *)p;			      \
+	}								      \
+	val <<= __CORE_RELO(s, field, LSHIFT_U64);			      \
+	if (__CORE_RELO(s, field, SIGNED))				      \
+		val = ((long long)val) >> __CORE_RELO(s, field, RSHIFT_U64);  \
+	else								      \
+		val = val >> __CORE_RELO(s, field, RSHIFT_U64);		      \
+	val;								      \
+})
+
+/*
+ * Convenience macro to check that field actually exists in target kernel's.
+ * Returns:
+ *    1, if matching field is present in target kernel;
+ *    0, if no matching field found.
+ */
+#define bpf_core_field_exists(field)					    \
+	__builtin_preserve_field_info(field, BPF_FIELD_EXISTS)
+
+/*
+ * Convenience macro to get byte size of a field. Works for integers,
+ * struct/unions, pointers, arrays, and enums.
+ */
+#define bpf_core_field_size(field)					    \
+	__builtin_preserve_field_info(field, BPF_FIELD_BYTE_SIZE)
+
+/*
+ * bpf_core_read() abstracts away bpf_probe_read() call and captures offset
+ * relocation for source address using __builtin_preserve_access_index()
+ * built-in, provided by Clang.
+ *
+ * __builtin_preserve_access_index() takes as an argument an expression of
+ * taking an address of a field within struct/union. It makes compiler emit
+ * a relocation, which records BTF type ID describing root struct/union and an
+ * accessor string which describes exact embedded field that was used to take
+ * an address. See detailed description of this relocation format and
+ * semantics in comments to struct bpf_field_reloc in libbpf_internal.h.
+ *
+ * This relocation allows libbpf to adjust BPF instruction to use correct
+ * actual field offset, based on target kernel BTF type that matches original
+ * (local) BTF, used to record relocation.
+ */
+#define bpf_core_read(dst, sz, src)					    \
+	bpf_probe_read(dst, sz,						    \
+		       (const void *)__builtin_preserve_access_index(src))
+
+/*
+ * bpf_core_read_str() is a thin wrapper around bpf_probe_read_str()
+ * additionally emitting BPF CO-RE field relocation for specified source
+ * argument.
+ */
+#define bpf_core_read_str(dst, sz, src)					    \
+	bpf_probe_read_str(dst, sz,					    \
+			   (const void *)__builtin_preserve_access_index(src))
+
+#define ___concat(a, b) a ## b
+#define ___apply(fn, n) ___concat(fn, n)
+#define ___nth(_1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _10, __11, N, ...) N
+
+/*
+ * return number of provided arguments; used for switch-based variadic macro
+ * definitions (see ___last, ___arrow, etc below)
+ */
+#define ___narg(...) ___nth(_, ##__VA_ARGS__, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
+/*
+ * return 0 if no arguments are passed, N - otherwise; used for
+ * recursively-defined macros to specify termination (0) case, and generic
+ * (N) case (e.g., ___read_ptrs, ___core_read)
+ */
+#define ___empty(...) ___nth(_, ##__VA_ARGS__, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, 0)
+
+#define ___last1(x) x
+#define ___last2(a, x) x
+#define ___last3(a, b, x) x
+#define ___last4(a, b, c, x) x
+#define ___last5(a, b, c, d, x) x
+#define ___last6(a, b, c, d, e, x) x
+#define ___last7(a, b, c, d, e, f, x) x
+#define ___last8(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, x) x
+#define ___last9(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, x) x
+#define ___last10(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, x) x
+#define ___last(...) ___apply(___last, ___narg(__VA_ARGS__))(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define ___nolast2(a, _) a
+#define ___nolast3(a, b, _) a, b
+#define ___nolast4(a, b, c, _) a, b, c
+#define ___nolast5(a, b, c, d, _) a, b, c, d
+#define ___nolast6(a, b, c, d, e, _) a, b, c, d, e
+#define ___nolast7(a, b, c, d, e, f, _) a, b, c, d, e, f
+#define ___nolast8(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, _) a, b, c, d, e, f, g
+#define ___nolast9(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, _) a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h
+#define ___nolast10(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, _) a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i
+#define ___nolast(...) ___apply(___nolast, ___narg(__VA_ARGS__))(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define ___arrow1(a) a
+#define ___arrow2(a, b) a->b
+#define ___arrow3(a, b, c) a->b->c
+#define ___arrow4(a, b, c, d) a->b->c->d
+#define ___arrow5(a, b, c, d, e) a->b->c->d->e
+#define ___arrow6(a, b, c, d, e, f) a->b->c->d->e->f
+#define ___arrow7(a, b, c, d, e, f, g) a->b->c->d->e->f->g
+#define ___arrow8(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h) a->b->c->d->e->f->g->h
+#define ___arrow9(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i) a->b->c->d->e->f->g->h->i
+#define ___arrow10(a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, j) a->b->c->d->e->f->g->h->i->j
+#define ___arrow(...) ___apply(___arrow, ___narg(__VA_ARGS__))(__VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define ___type(...) typeof(___arrow(__VA_ARGS__))
+
+#define ___read(read_fn, dst, src_type, src, accessor)			    \
+	read_fn((void *)(dst), sizeof(*(dst)), &((src_type)(src))->accessor)
+
+/* "recursively" read a sequence of inner pointers using local __t var */
+#define ___rd_first(src, a) ___read(bpf_core_read, &__t, ___type(src), src, a);
+#define ___rd_last(...)							    \
+	___read(bpf_core_read, &__t,					    \
+		___type(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)), __t, ___last(__VA_ARGS__));
+#define ___rd_p1(...) const void *__t; ___rd_first(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p2(...) ___rd_p1(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p3(...) ___rd_p2(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p4(...) ___rd_p3(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p5(...) ___rd_p4(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p6(...) ___rd_p5(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p7(...) ___rd_p6(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p8(...) ___rd_p7(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___rd_p9(...) ___rd_p8(___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)) ___rd_last(__VA_ARGS__)
+#define ___read_ptrs(src, ...)						    \
+	___apply(___rd_p, ___narg(__VA_ARGS__))(src, __VA_ARGS__)
+
+#define ___core_read0(fn, dst, src, a)					    \
+	___read(fn, dst, ___type(src), src, a);
+#define ___core_readN(fn, dst, src, ...)				    \
+	___read_ptrs(src, ___nolast(__VA_ARGS__))			    \
+	___read(fn, dst, ___type(src, ___nolast(__VA_ARGS__)), __t,	    \
+		___last(__VA_ARGS__));
+#define ___core_read(fn, dst, src, a, ...)				    \
+	___apply(___core_read, ___empty(__VA_ARGS__))(fn, dst,		    \
+						      src, a, ##__VA_ARGS__)
+
+/*
+ * BPF_CORE_READ_INTO() is a more performance-conscious variant of
+ * BPF_CORE_READ(), in which final field is read into user-provided storage.
+ * See BPF_CORE_READ() below for more details on general usage.
+ */
+#define BPF_CORE_READ_INTO(dst, src, a, ...)				    \
+	({								    \
+		___core_read(bpf_core_read, dst, (src), a, ##__VA_ARGS__)   \
+	})
+
+/*
+ * BPF_CORE_READ_STR_INTO() does same "pointer chasing" as
+ * BPF_CORE_READ() for intermediate pointers, but then executes (and returns
+ * corresponding error code) bpf_core_read_str() for final string read.
+ */
+#define BPF_CORE_READ_STR_INTO(dst, src, a, ...)			    \
+	({								    \
+		___core_read(bpf_core_read_str, dst, (src), a, ##__VA_ARGS__)\
+	})
+
+/*
+ * BPF_CORE_READ() is used to simplify BPF CO-RE relocatable read, especially
+ * when there are few pointer chasing steps.
+ * E.g., what in non-BPF world (or in BPF w/ BCC) would be something like:
+ *	int x = s->a.b.c->d.e->f->g;
+ * can be succinctly achieved using BPF_CORE_READ as:
+ *	int x = BPF_CORE_READ(s, a.b.c, d.e, f, g);
+ *
+ * BPF_CORE_READ will decompose above statement into 4 bpf_core_read (BPF
+ * CO-RE relocatable bpf_probe_read() wrapper) calls, logically equivalent to:
+ * 1. const void *__t = s->a.b.c;
+ * 2. __t = __t->d.e;
+ * 3. __t = __t->f;
+ * 4. return __t->g;
+ *
+ * Equivalence is logical, because there is a heavy type casting/preservation
+ * involved, as well as all the reads are happening through bpf_probe_read()
+ * calls using __builtin_preserve_access_index() to emit CO-RE relocations.
+ *
+ * N.B. Only up to 9 "field accessors" are supported, which should be more
+ * than enough for any practical purpose.
+ */
+#define BPF_CORE_READ(src, a, ...)					    \
+	({								    \
+		___type((src), a, ##__VA_ARGS__) __r;			    \
+		BPF_CORE_READ_INTO(&__r, (src), a, ##__VA_ARGS__);	    \
+		__r;							    \
+	})
+
+#endif
+
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_endian.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_endian.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ec9db4fe
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_endian.h
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+#ifndef __BPF_ENDIAN__
+#define __BPF_ENDIAN__
+
+/*
+ * Isolate byte #n and put it into byte #m, for __u##b type.
+ * E.g., moving byte #6 (nnnnnnnn) into byte #1 (mmmmmmmm) for __u64:
+ * 1) xxxxxxxx nnnnnnnn xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx mmmmmmmm xxxxxxxx
+ * 2) nnnnnnnn xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx xxxxxxxx mmmmmmmm xxxxxxxx 00000000
+ * 3) 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 nnnnnnnn
+ * 4) 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 00000000 nnnnnnnn 00000000
+ */
+#define ___bpf_mvb(x, b, n, m) ((__u##b)(x) << (b-(n+1)*8) >> (b-8) << (m*8))
+
+#define ___bpf_swab16(x) ((__u16)(			\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 16, 0, 1) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 16, 1, 0)))
+
+#define ___bpf_swab32(x) ((__u32)(			\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 32, 0, 3) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 32, 1, 2) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 32, 2, 1) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 32, 3, 0)))
+
+#define ___bpf_swab64(x) ((__u64)(			\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 0, 7) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 1, 6) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 2, 5) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 3, 4) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 4, 3) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 5, 2) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 6, 1) |	\
+			  ___bpf_mvb(x, 64, 7, 0)))
+
+/* LLVM's BPF target selects the endianness of the CPU
+ * it compiles on, or the user specifies (bpfel/bpfeb),
+ * respectively. The used __BYTE_ORDER__ is defined by
+ * the compiler, we cannot rely on __BYTE_ORDER from
+ * libc headers, since it doesn't reflect the actual
+ * requested byte order.
+ *
+ * Note, LLVM's BPF target has different __builtin_bswapX()
+ * semantics. It does map to BPF_ALU | BPF_END | BPF_TO_BE
+ * in bpfel and bpfeb case, which means below, that we map
+ * to cpu_to_be16(). We could use it unconditionally in BPF
+ * case, but better not rely on it, so that this header here
+ * can be used from application and BPF program side, which
+ * use different targets.
+ */
+#if __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_LITTLE_ENDIAN__
+# define __bpf_ntohs(x)			__builtin_bswap16(x)
+# define __bpf_htons(x)			__builtin_bswap16(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_ntohs(x)	___bpf_swab16(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_htons(x)	___bpf_swab16(x)
+# define __bpf_ntohl(x)			__builtin_bswap32(x)
+# define __bpf_htonl(x)			__builtin_bswap32(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_ntohl(x)	___bpf_swab32(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_htonl(x)	___bpf_swab32(x)
+# define __bpf_be64_to_cpu(x)		__builtin_bswap64(x)
+# define __bpf_cpu_to_be64(x)		__builtin_bswap64(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_be64_to_cpu(x)	___bpf_swab64(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_cpu_to_be64(x)	___bpf_swab64(x)
+#elif __BYTE_ORDER__ == __ORDER_BIG_ENDIAN__
+# define __bpf_ntohs(x)			(x)
+# define __bpf_htons(x)			(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_ntohs(x)	(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_htons(x)	(x)
+# define __bpf_ntohl(x)			(x)
+# define __bpf_htonl(x)			(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_ntohl(x)	(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_htonl(x)	(x)
+# define __bpf_be64_to_cpu(x)		(x)
+# define __bpf_cpu_to_be64(x)		(x)
+# define __bpf_constant_be64_to_cpu(x)  (x)
+# define __bpf_constant_cpu_to_be64(x)  (x)
+#else
+# error "Fix your compiler's __BYTE_ORDER__?!"
+#endif
+
+#define bpf_htons(x)				\
+	(__builtin_constant_p(x) ?		\
+	 __bpf_constant_htons(x) : __bpf_htons(x))
+#define bpf_ntohs(x)				\
+	(__builtin_constant_p(x) ?		\
+	 __bpf_constant_ntohs(x) : __bpf_ntohs(x))
+#define bpf_htonl(x)				\
+	(__builtin_constant_p(x) ?		\
+	 __bpf_constant_htonl(x) : __bpf_htonl(x))
+#define bpf_ntohl(x)				\
+	(__builtin_constant_p(x) ?		\
+	 __bpf_constant_ntohl(x) : __bpf_ntohl(x))
+#define bpf_cpu_to_be64(x)			\
+	(__builtin_constant_p(x) ?		\
+	 __bpf_constant_cpu_to_be64(x) : __bpf_cpu_to_be64(x))
+#define bpf_be64_to_cpu(x)			\
+	(__builtin_constant_p(x) ?		\
+	 __bpf_constant_be64_to_cpu(x) : __bpf_be64_to_cpu(x))
+
+#endif /* __BPF_ENDIAN__ */
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_helper_defs.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_helper_defs.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..1c5298d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_helper_defs.h
@@ -0,0 +1,3260 @@
+/* This is auto-generated file. See bpf_helpers_doc.py for details. */
+
+/* Forward declarations of BPF structs */
+struct bpf_fib_lookup;
+struct bpf_perf_event_data;
+struct bpf_perf_event_value;
+struct bpf_pidns_info;
+struct bpf_sock;
+struct bpf_sock_addr;
+struct bpf_sock_ops;
+struct bpf_sock_tuple;
+struct bpf_spin_lock;
+struct bpf_sysctl;
+struct bpf_tcp_sock;
+struct bpf_tunnel_key;
+struct bpf_xfrm_state;
+struct pt_regs;
+struct sk_reuseport_md;
+struct sockaddr;
+struct tcphdr;
+struct seq_file;
+struct tcp6_sock;
+struct tcp_sock;
+struct tcp_timewait_sock;
+struct tcp_request_sock;
+struct udp6_sock;
+struct task_struct;
+struct __sk_buff;
+struct sk_msg_md;
+struct xdp_md;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_map_lookup_elem
+ *
+ * 	Perform a lookup in *map* for an entry associated to *key*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Map value associated to *key*, or **NULL** if no entry was
+ * 	found.
+ */
+static void *(*bpf_map_lookup_elem)(void *map, const void *key) = (void *) 1;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_map_update_elem
+ *
+ * 	Add or update the value of the entry associated to *key* in
+ * 	*map* with *value*. *flags* is one of:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_NOEXIST**
+ * 		The entry for *key* must not exist in the map.
+ * 	**BPF_EXIST**
+ * 		The entry for *key* must already exist in the map.
+ * 	**BPF_ANY**
+ * 		No condition on the existence of the entry for *key*.
+ *
+ * 	Flag value **BPF_NOEXIST** cannot be used for maps of types
+ * 	**BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY** or **BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERCPU_ARRAY**  (all
+ * 	elements always exist), the helper would return an error.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_map_update_elem)(void *map, const void *key, const void *value, __u64 flags) = (void *) 2;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_map_delete_elem
+ *
+ * 	Delete entry with *key* from *map*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_map_delete_elem)(void *map, const void *key) = (void *) 3;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_probe_read
+ *
+ * 	For tracing programs, safely attempt to read *size* bytes from
+ * 	kernel space address *unsafe_ptr* and store the data in *dst*.
+ *
+ * 	Generally, use **bpf_probe_read_user**\ () or
+ * 	**bpf_probe_read_kernel**\ () instead.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_probe_read)(void *dst, __u32 size, const void *unsafe_ptr) = (void *) 4;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_ktime_get_ns
+ *
+ * 	Return the time elapsed since system boot, in nanoseconds.
+ * 	Does not include time the system was suspended.
+ * 	See: **clock_gettime**\ (**CLOCK_MONOTONIC**)
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Current *ktime*.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_ktime_get_ns)(void) = (void *) 5;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_trace_printk
+ *
+ * 	This helper is a "printk()-like" facility for debugging. It
+ * 	prints a message defined by format *fmt* (of size *fmt_size*)
+ * 	to file *\/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace* from DebugFS, if
+ * 	available. It can take up to three additional **u64**
+ * 	arguments (as an eBPF helpers, the total number of arguments is
+ * 	limited to five).
+ *
+ * 	Each time the helper is called, it appends a line to the trace.
+ * 	Lines are discarded while *\/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace* is
+ * 	open, use *\/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_pipe* to avoid this.
+ * 	The format of the trace is customizable, and the exact output
+ * 	one will get depends on the options set in
+ * 	*\/sys/kernel/debug/tracing/trace_options* (see also the
+ * 	*README* file under the same directory). However, it usually
+ * 	defaults to something like:
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		telnet-470   [001] .N.. 419421.045894: 0x00000001: <formatted msg>
+ *
+ * 	In the above:
+ *
+ * 		* ``telnet`` is the name of the current task.
+ * 		* ``470`` is the PID of the current task.
+ * 		* ``001`` is the CPU number on which the task is
+ * 		  running.
+ * 		* In ``.N..``, each character refers to a set of
+ * 		  options (whether irqs are enabled, scheduling
+ * 		  options, whether hard/softirqs are running, level of
+ * 		  preempt_disabled respectively). **N** means that
+ * 		  **TIF_NEED_RESCHED** and **PREEMPT_NEED_RESCHED**
+ * 		  are set.
+ * 		* ``419421.045894`` is a timestamp.
+ * 		* ``0x00000001`` is a fake value used by BPF for the
+ * 		  instruction pointer register.
+ * 		* ``<formatted msg>`` is the message formatted with
+ * 		  *fmt*.
+ *
+ * 	The conversion specifiers supported by *fmt* are similar, but
+ * 	more limited than for printk(). They are **%d**, **%i**,
+ * 	**%u**, **%x**, **%ld**, **%li**, **%lu**, **%lx**, **%lld**,
+ * 	**%lli**, **%llu**, **%llx**, **%p**, **%s**. No modifier (size
+ * 	of field, padding with zeroes, etc.) is available, and the
+ * 	helper will return **-EINVAL** (but print nothing) if it
+ * 	encounters an unknown specifier.
+ *
+ * 	Also, note that **bpf_trace_printk**\ () is slow, and should
+ * 	only be used for debugging purposes. For this reason, a notice
+ * 	bloc (spanning several lines) is printed to kernel logs and
+ * 	states that the helper should not be used "for production use"
+ * 	the first time this helper is used (or more precisely, when
+ * 	**trace_printk**\ () buffers are allocated). For passing values
+ * 	to user space, perf events should be preferred.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The number of bytes written to the buffer, or a negative error
+ * 	in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_trace_printk)(const char *fmt, __u32 fmt_size, ...) = (void *) 6;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_prandom_u32
+ *
+ * 	Get a pseudo-random number.
+ *
+ * 	From a security point of view, this helper uses its own
+ * 	pseudo-random internal state, and cannot be used to infer the
+ * 	seed of other random functions in the kernel. However, it is
+ * 	essential to note that the generator used by the helper is not
+ * 	cryptographically secure.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A random 32-bit unsigned value.
+ */
+static __u32 (*bpf_get_prandom_u32)(void) = (void *) 7;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_smp_processor_id
+ *
+ * 	Get the SMP (symmetric multiprocessing) processor id. Note that
+ * 	all programs run with preemption disabled, which means that the
+ * 	SMP processor id is stable during all the execution of the
+ * 	program.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The SMP id of the processor running the program.
+ */
+static __u32 (*bpf_get_smp_processor_id)(void) = (void *) 8;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_store_bytes
+ *
+ * 	Store *len* bytes from address *from* into the packet
+ * 	associated to *skb*, at *offset*. *flags* are a combination of
+ * 	**BPF_F_RECOMPUTE_CSUM** (automatically recompute the
+ * 	checksum for the packet after storing the bytes) and
+ * 	**BPF_F_INVALIDATE_HASH** (set *skb*\ **->hash**, *skb*\
+ * 	**->swhash** and *skb*\ **->l4hash** to 0).
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_store_bytes)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 offset, const void *from, __u32 len, __u64 flags) = (void *) 9;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_l3_csum_replace
+ *
+ * 	Recompute the layer 3 (e.g. IP) checksum for the packet
+ * 	associated to *skb*. Computation is incremental, so the helper
+ * 	must know the former value of the header field that was
+ * 	modified (*from*), the new value of this field (*to*), and the
+ * 	number of bytes (2 or 4) for this field, stored in *size*.
+ * 	Alternatively, it is possible to store the difference between
+ * 	the previous and the new values of the header field in *to*, by
+ * 	setting *from* and *size* to 0. For both methods, *offset*
+ * 	indicates the location of the IP checksum within the packet.
+ *
+ * 	This helper works in combination with **bpf_csum_diff**\ (),
+ * 	which does not update the checksum in-place, but offers more
+ * 	flexibility and can handle sizes larger than 2 or 4 for the
+ * 	checksum to update.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_l3_csum_replace)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 offset, __u64 from, __u64 to, __u64 size) = (void *) 10;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_l4_csum_replace
+ *
+ * 	Recompute the layer 4 (e.g. TCP, UDP or ICMP) checksum for the
+ * 	packet associated to *skb*. Computation is incremental, so the
+ * 	helper must know the former value of the header field that was
+ * 	modified (*from*), the new value of this field (*to*), and the
+ * 	number of bytes (2 or 4) for this field, stored on the lowest
+ * 	four bits of *flags*. Alternatively, it is possible to store
+ * 	the difference between the previous and the new values of the
+ * 	header field in *to*, by setting *from* and the four lowest
+ * 	bits of *flags* to 0. For both methods, *offset* indicates the
+ * 	location of the IP checksum within the packet. In addition to
+ * 	the size of the field, *flags* can be added (bitwise OR) actual
+ * 	flags. With **BPF_F_MARK_MANGLED_0**, a null checksum is left
+ * 	untouched (unless **BPF_F_MARK_ENFORCE** is added as well), and
+ * 	for updates resulting in a null checksum the value is set to
+ * 	**CSUM_MANGLED_0** instead. Flag **BPF_F_PSEUDO_HDR** indicates
+ * 	the checksum is to be computed against a pseudo-header.
+ *
+ * 	This helper works in combination with **bpf_csum_diff**\ (),
+ * 	which does not update the checksum in-place, but offers more
+ * 	flexibility and can handle sizes larger than 2 or 4 for the
+ * 	checksum to update.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_l4_csum_replace)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 offset, __u64 from, __u64 to, __u64 flags) = (void *) 11;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_tail_call
+ *
+ * 	This special helper is used to trigger a "tail call", or in
+ * 	other words, to jump into another eBPF program. The same stack
+ * 	frame is used (but values on stack and in registers for the
+ * 	caller are not accessible to the callee). This mechanism allows
+ * 	for program chaining, either for raising the maximum number of
+ * 	available eBPF instructions, or to execute given programs in
+ * 	conditional blocks. For security reasons, there is an upper
+ * 	limit to the number of successive tail calls that can be
+ * 	performed.
+ *
+ * 	Upon call of this helper, the program attempts to jump into a
+ * 	program referenced at index *index* in *prog_array_map*, a
+ * 	special map of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_PROG_ARRAY**, and passes
+ * 	*ctx*, a pointer to the context.
+ *
+ * 	If the call succeeds, the kernel immediately runs the first
+ * 	instruction of the new program. This is not a function call,
+ * 	and it never returns to the previous program. If the call
+ * 	fails, then the helper has no effect, and the caller continues
+ * 	to run its subsequent instructions. A call can fail if the
+ * 	destination program for the jump does not exist (i.e. *index*
+ * 	is superior to the number of entries in *prog_array_map*), or
+ * 	if the maximum number of tail calls has been reached for this
+ * 	chain of programs. This limit is defined in the kernel by the
+ * 	macro **MAX_TAIL_CALL_CNT** (not accessible to user space),
+ * 	which is currently set to 32.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_tail_call)(void *ctx, void *prog_array_map, __u32 index) = (void *) 12;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_clone_redirect
+ *
+ * 	Clone and redirect the packet associated to *skb* to another
+ * 	net device of index *ifindex*. Both ingress and egress
+ * 	interfaces can be used for redirection. The **BPF_F_INGRESS**
+ * 	value in *flags* is used to make the distinction (ingress path
+ * 	is selected if the flag is present, egress path otherwise).
+ * 	This is the only flag supported for now.
+ *
+ * 	In comparison with **bpf_redirect**\ () helper,
+ * 	**bpf_clone_redirect**\ () has the associated cost of
+ * 	duplicating the packet buffer, but this can be executed out of
+ * 	the eBPF program. Conversely, **bpf_redirect**\ () is more
+ * 	efficient, but it is handled through an action code where the
+ * 	redirection happens only after the eBPF program has returned.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_clone_redirect)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 ifindex, __u64 flags) = (void *) 13;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_current_pid_tgid
+ *
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A 64-bit integer containing the current tgid and pid, and
+ * 	created as such:
+ * 	*current_task*\ **->tgid << 32 \|**
+ * 	*current_task*\ **->pid**.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_get_current_pid_tgid)(void) = (void *) 14;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_current_uid_gid
+ *
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A 64-bit integer containing the current GID and UID, and
+ * 	created as such: *current_gid* **<< 32 \|** *current_uid*.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_get_current_uid_gid)(void) = (void *) 15;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_current_comm
+ *
+ * 	Copy the **comm** attribute of the current task into *buf* of
+ * 	*size_of_buf*. The **comm** attribute contains the name of
+ * 	the executable (excluding the path) for the current task. The
+ * 	*size_of_buf* must be strictly positive. On success, the
+ * 	helper makes sure that the *buf* is NUL-terminated. On failure,
+ * 	it is filled with zeroes.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_get_current_comm)(void *buf, __u32 size_of_buf) = (void *) 16;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_cgroup_classid
+ *
+ * 	Retrieve the classid for the current task, i.e. for the net_cls
+ * 	cgroup to which *skb* belongs.
+ *
+ * 	This helper can be used on TC egress path, but not on ingress.
+ *
+ * 	The net_cls cgroup provides an interface to tag network packets
+ * 	based on a user-provided identifier for all traffic coming from
+ * 	the tasks belonging to the related cgroup. See also the related
+ * 	kernel documentation, available from the Linux sources in file
+ * 	*Documentation/admin-guide/cgroup-v1/net_cls.rst*.
+ *
+ * 	The Linux kernel has two versions for cgroups: there are
+ * 	cgroups v1 and cgroups v2. Both are available to users, who can
+ * 	use a mixture of them, but note that the net_cls cgroup is for
+ * 	cgroup v1 only. This makes it incompatible with BPF programs
+ * 	run on cgroups, which is a cgroup-v2-only feature (a socket can
+ * 	only hold data for one version of cgroups at a time).
+ *
+ * 	This helper is only available is the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	the **CONFIG_CGROUP_NET_CLASSID** configuration option set to
+ * 	"**y**" or to "**m**".
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The classid, or 0 for the default unconfigured classid.
+ */
+static __u32 (*bpf_get_cgroup_classid)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 17;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_vlan_push
+ *
+ * 	Push a *vlan_tci* (VLAN tag control information) of protocol
+ * 	*vlan_proto* to the packet associated to *skb*, then update
+ * 	the checksum. Note that if *vlan_proto* is different from
+ * 	**ETH_P_8021Q** and **ETH_P_8021AD**, it is considered to
+ * 	be **ETH_P_8021Q**.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_vlan_push)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __be16 vlan_proto, __u16 vlan_tci) = (void *) 18;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_vlan_pop
+ *
+ * 	Pop a VLAN header from the packet associated to *skb*.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_vlan_pop)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 19;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_get_tunnel_key
+ *
+ * 	Get tunnel metadata. This helper takes a pointer *key* to an
+ * 	empty **struct bpf_tunnel_key** of **size**, that will be
+ * 	filled with tunnel metadata for the packet associated to *skb*.
+ * 	The *flags* can be set to **BPF_F_TUNINFO_IPV6**, which
+ * 	indicates that the tunnel is based on IPv6 protocol instead of
+ * 	IPv4.
+ *
+ * 	The **struct bpf_tunnel_key** is an object that generalizes the
+ * 	principal parameters used by various tunneling protocols into a
+ * 	single struct. This way, it can be used to easily make a
+ * 	decision based on the contents of the encapsulation header,
+ * 	"summarized" in this struct. In particular, it holds the IP
+ * 	address of the remote end (IPv4 or IPv6, depending on the case)
+ * 	in *key*\ **->remote_ipv4** or *key*\ **->remote_ipv6**. Also,
+ * 	this struct exposes the *key*\ **->tunnel_id**, which is
+ * 	generally mapped to a VNI (Virtual Network Identifier), making
+ * 	it programmable together with the **bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key**\
+ * 	() helper.
+ *
+ * 	Let's imagine that the following code is part of a program
+ * 	attached to the TC ingress interface, on one end of a GRE
+ * 	tunnel, and is supposed to filter out all messages coming from
+ * 	remote ends with IPv4 address other than 10.0.0.1:
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		int ret;
+ * 		struct bpf_tunnel_key key = {};
+ * 		
+ * 		ret = bpf_skb_get_tunnel_key(skb, &key, sizeof(key), 0);
+ * 		if (ret < 0)
+ * 			return TC_ACT_SHOT;	// drop packet
+ * 		
+ * 		if (key.remote_ipv4 != 0x0a000001)
+ * 			return TC_ACT_SHOT;	// drop packet
+ * 		
+ * 		return TC_ACT_OK;		// accept packet
+ *
+ * 	This interface can also be used with all encapsulation devices
+ * 	that can operate in "collect metadata" mode: instead of having
+ * 	one network device per specific configuration, the "collect
+ * 	metadata" mode only requires a single device where the
+ * 	configuration can be extracted from this helper.
+ *
+ * 	This can be used together with various tunnels such as VXLan,
+ * 	Geneve, GRE or IP in IP (IPIP).
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_get_tunnel_key)(struct __sk_buff *skb, struct bpf_tunnel_key *key, __u32 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 20;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key
+ *
+ * 	Populate tunnel metadata for packet associated to *skb.* The
+ * 	tunnel metadata is set to the contents of *key*, of *size*. The
+ * 	*flags* can be set to a combination of the following values:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_F_TUNINFO_IPV6**
+ * 		Indicate that the tunnel is based on IPv6 protocol
+ * 		instead of IPv4.
+ * 	**BPF_F_ZERO_CSUM_TX**
+ * 		For IPv4 packets, add a flag to tunnel metadata
+ * 		indicating that checksum computation should be skipped
+ * 		and checksum set to zeroes.
+ * 	**BPF_F_DONT_FRAGMENT**
+ * 		Add a flag to tunnel metadata indicating that the
+ * 		packet should not be fragmented.
+ * 	**BPF_F_SEQ_NUMBER**
+ * 		Add a flag to tunnel metadata indicating that a
+ * 		sequence number should be added to tunnel header before
+ * 		sending the packet. This flag was added for GRE
+ * 		encapsulation, but might be used with other protocols
+ * 		as well in the future.
+ *
+ * 	Here is a typical usage on the transmit path:
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		struct bpf_tunnel_key key;
+ * 		     populate key ...
+ * 		bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key(skb, &key, sizeof(key), 0);
+ * 		bpf_clone_redirect(skb, vxlan_dev_ifindex, 0);
+ *
+ * 	See also the description of the **bpf_skb_get_tunnel_key**\ ()
+ * 	helper for additional information.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_set_tunnel_key)(struct __sk_buff *skb, struct bpf_tunnel_key *key, __u32 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 21;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_perf_event_read
+ *
+ * 	Read the value of a perf event counter. This helper relies on a
+ * 	*map* of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY**. The nature of
+ * 	the perf event counter is selected when *map* is updated with
+ * 	perf event file descriptors. The *map* is an array whose size
+ * 	is the number of available CPUs, and each cell contains a value
+ * 	relative to one CPU. The value to retrieve is indicated by
+ * 	*flags*, that contains the index of the CPU to look up, masked
+ * 	with **BPF_F_INDEX_MASK**. Alternatively, *flags* can be set to
+ * 	**BPF_F_CURRENT_CPU** to indicate that the value for the
+ * 	current CPU should be retrieved.
+ *
+ * 	Note that before Linux 4.13, only hardware perf event can be
+ * 	retrieved.
+ *
+ * 	Also, be aware that the newer helper
+ * 	**bpf_perf_event_read_value**\ () is recommended over
+ * 	**bpf_perf_event_read**\ () in general. The latter has some ABI
+ * 	quirks where error and counter value are used as a return code
+ * 	(which is wrong to do since ranges may overlap). This issue is
+ * 	fixed with **bpf_perf_event_read_value**\ (), which at the same
+ * 	time provides more features over the **bpf_perf_event_read**\
+ * 	() interface. Please refer to the description of
+ * 	**bpf_perf_event_read_value**\ () for details.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The value of the perf event counter read from the map, or a
+ * 	negative error code in case of failure.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_perf_event_read)(void *map, __u64 flags) = (void *) 22;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_redirect
+ *
+ * 	Redirect the packet to another net device of index *ifindex*.
+ * 	This helper is somewhat similar to **bpf_clone_redirect**\
+ * 	(), except that the packet is not cloned, which provides
+ * 	increased performance.
+ *
+ * 	Except for XDP, both ingress and egress interfaces can be used
+ * 	for redirection. The **BPF_F_INGRESS** value in *flags* is used
+ * 	to make the distinction (ingress path is selected if the flag
+ * 	is present, egress path otherwise). Currently, XDP only
+ * 	supports redirection to the egress interface, and accepts no
+ * 	flag at all.
+ *
+ * 	The same effect can also be attained with the more generic
+ * 	**bpf_redirect_map**\ (), which uses a BPF map to store the
+ * 	redirect target instead of providing it directly to the helper.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	For XDP, the helper returns **XDP_REDIRECT** on success or
+ * 	**XDP_ABORTED** on error. For other program types, the values
+ * 	are **TC_ACT_REDIRECT** on success or **TC_ACT_SHOT** on
+ * 	error.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_redirect)(__u32 ifindex, __u64 flags) = (void *) 23;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_route_realm
+ *
+ * 	Retrieve the realm or the route, that is to say the
+ * 	**tclassid** field of the destination for the *skb*. The
+ * 	indentifier retrieved is a user-provided tag, similar to the
+ * 	one used with the net_cls cgroup (see description for
+ * 	**bpf_get_cgroup_classid**\ () helper), but here this tag is
+ * 	held by a route (a destination entry), not by a task.
+ *
+ * 	Retrieving this identifier works with the clsact TC egress hook
+ * 	(see also **tc-bpf(8)**), or alternatively on conventional
+ * 	classful egress qdiscs, but not on TC ingress path. In case of
+ * 	clsact TC egress hook, this has the advantage that, internally,
+ * 	the destination entry has not been dropped yet in the transmit
+ * 	path. Therefore, the destination entry does not need to be
+ * 	artificially held via **netif_keep_dst**\ () for a classful
+ * 	qdisc until the *skb* is freed.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is available only if the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	**CONFIG_IP_ROUTE_CLASSID** configuration option.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The realm of the route for the packet associated to *skb*, or 0
+ * 	if none was found.
+ */
+static __u32 (*bpf_get_route_realm)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 24;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_perf_event_output
+ *
+ * 	Write raw *data* blob into a special BPF perf event held by
+ * 	*map* of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY**. This perf
+ * 	event must have the following attributes: **PERF_SAMPLE_RAW**
+ * 	as **sample_type**, **PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE** as **type**, and
+ * 	**PERF_COUNT_SW_BPF_OUTPUT** as **config**.
+ *
+ * 	The *flags* are used to indicate the index in *map* for which
+ * 	the value must be put, masked with **BPF_F_INDEX_MASK**.
+ * 	Alternatively, *flags* can be set to **BPF_F_CURRENT_CPU**
+ * 	to indicate that the index of the current CPU core should be
+ * 	used.
+ *
+ * 	The value to write, of *size*, is passed through eBPF stack and
+ * 	pointed by *data*.
+ *
+ * 	The context of the program *ctx* needs also be passed to the
+ * 	helper.
+ *
+ * 	On user space, a program willing to read the values needs to
+ * 	call **perf_event_open**\ () on the perf event (either for
+ * 	one or for all CPUs) and to store the file descriptor into the
+ * 	*map*. This must be done before the eBPF program can send data
+ * 	into it. An example is available in file
+ * 	*samples/bpf/trace_output_user.c* in the Linux kernel source
+ * 	tree (the eBPF program counterpart is in
+ * 	*samples/bpf/trace_output_kern.c*).
+ *
+ * 	**bpf_perf_event_output**\ () achieves better performance
+ * 	than **bpf_trace_printk**\ () for sharing data with user
+ * 	space, and is much better suitable for streaming data from eBPF
+ * 	programs.
+ *
+ * 	Note that this helper is not restricted to tracing use cases
+ * 	and can be used with programs attached to TC or XDP as well,
+ * 	where it allows for passing data to user space listeners. Data
+ * 	can be:
+ *
+ * 	* Only custom structs,
+ * 	* Only the packet payload, or
+ * 	* A combination of both.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_perf_event_output)(void *ctx, void *map, __u64 flags, void *data, __u64 size) = (void *) 25;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_load_bytes
+ *
+ * 	This helper was provided as an easy way to load data from a
+ * 	packet. It can be used to load *len* bytes from *offset* from
+ * 	the packet associated to *skb*, into the buffer pointed by
+ * 	*to*.
+ *
+ * 	Since Linux 4.7, usage of this helper has mostly been replaced
+ * 	by "direct packet access", enabling packet data to be
+ * 	manipulated with *skb*\ **->data** and *skb*\ **->data_end**
+ * 	pointing respectively to the first byte of packet data and to
+ * 	the byte after the last byte of packet data. However, it
+ * 	remains useful if one wishes to read large quantities of data
+ * 	at once from a packet into the eBPF stack.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_load_bytes)(const void *skb, __u32 offset, void *to, __u32 len) = (void *) 26;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_stackid
+ *
+ * 	Walk a user or a kernel stack and return its id. To achieve
+ * 	this, the helper needs *ctx*, which is a pointer to the context
+ * 	on which the tracing program is executed, and a pointer to a
+ * 	*map* of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_STACK_TRACE**.
+ *
+ * 	The last argument, *flags*, holds the number of stack frames to
+ * 	skip (from 0 to 255), masked with
+ * 	**BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK**. The next bits can be used to set
+ * 	a combination of the following flags:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_F_USER_STACK**
+ * 		Collect a user space stack instead of a kernel stack.
+ * 	**BPF_F_FAST_STACK_CMP**
+ * 		Compare stacks by hash only.
+ * 	**BPF_F_REUSE_STACKID**
+ * 		If two different stacks hash into the same *stackid*,
+ * 		discard the old one.
+ *
+ * 	The stack id retrieved is a 32 bit long integer handle which
+ * 	can be further combined with other data (including other stack
+ * 	ids) and used as a key into maps. This can be useful for
+ * 	generating a variety of graphs (such as flame graphs or off-cpu
+ * 	graphs).
+ *
+ * 	For walking a stack, this helper is an improvement over
+ * 	**bpf_probe_read**\ (), which can be used with unrolled loops
+ * 	but is not efficient and consumes a lot of eBPF instructions.
+ * 	Instead, **bpf_get_stackid**\ () can collect up to
+ * 	**PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH** both kernel and user frames. Note that
+ * 	this limit can be controlled with the **sysctl** program, and
+ * 	that it should be manually increased in order to profile long
+ * 	user stacks (such as stacks for Java programs). To do so, use:
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		# sysctl kernel.perf_event_max_stack=<new value>
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The positive or null stack id on success, or a negative error
+ * 	in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_get_stackid)(void *ctx, void *map, __u64 flags) = (void *) 27;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_csum_diff
+ *
+ * 	Compute a checksum difference, from the raw buffer pointed by
+ * 	*from*, of length *from_size* (that must be a multiple of 4),
+ * 	towards the raw buffer pointed by *to*, of size *to_size*
+ * 	(same remark). An optional *seed* can be added to the value
+ * 	(this can be cascaded, the seed may come from a previous call
+ * 	to the helper).
+ *
+ * 	This is flexible enough to be used in several ways:
+ *
+ * 	* With *from_size* == 0, *to_size* > 0 and *seed* set to
+ * 	  checksum, it can be used when pushing new data.
+ * 	* With *from_size* > 0, *to_size* == 0 and *seed* set to
+ * 	  checksum, it can be used when removing data from a packet.
+ * 	* With *from_size* > 0, *to_size* > 0 and *seed* set to 0, it
+ * 	  can be used to compute a diff. Note that *from_size* and
+ * 	  *to_size* do not need to be equal.
+ *
+ * 	This helper can be used in combination with
+ * 	**bpf_l3_csum_replace**\ () and **bpf_l4_csum_replace**\ (), to
+ * 	which one can feed in the difference computed with
+ * 	**bpf_csum_diff**\ ().
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The checksum result, or a negative error code in case of
+ * 	failure.
+ */
+static __s64 (*bpf_csum_diff)(__be32 *from, __u32 from_size, __be32 *to, __u32 to_size, __wsum seed) = (void *) 28;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_get_tunnel_opt
+ *
+ * 	Retrieve tunnel options metadata for the packet associated to
+ * 	*skb*, and store the raw tunnel option data to the buffer *opt*
+ * 	of *size*.
+ *
+ * 	This helper can be used with encapsulation devices that can
+ * 	operate in "collect metadata" mode (please refer to the related
+ * 	note in the description of **bpf_skb_get_tunnel_key**\ () for
+ * 	more details). A particular example where this can be used is
+ * 	in combination with the Geneve encapsulation protocol, where it
+ * 	allows for pushing (with **bpf_skb_get_tunnel_opt**\ () helper)
+ * 	and retrieving arbitrary TLVs (Type-Length-Value headers) from
+ * 	the eBPF program. This allows for full customization of these
+ * 	headers.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The size of the option data retrieved.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_get_tunnel_opt)(struct __sk_buff *skb, void *opt, __u32 size) = (void *) 29;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_set_tunnel_opt
+ *
+ * 	Set tunnel options metadata for the packet associated to *skb*
+ * 	to the option data contained in the raw buffer *opt* of *size*.
+ *
+ * 	See also the description of the **bpf_skb_get_tunnel_opt**\ ()
+ * 	helper for additional information.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_set_tunnel_opt)(struct __sk_buff *skb, void *opt, __u32 size) = (void *) 30;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_change_proto
+ *
+ * 	Change the protocol of the *skb* to *proto*. Currently
+ * 	supported are transition from IPv4 to IPv6, and from IPv6 to
+ * 	IPv4. The helper takes care of the groundwork for the
+ * 	transition, including resizing the socket buffer. The eBPF
+ * 	program is expected to fill the new headers, if any, via
+ * 	**skb_store_bytes**\ () and to recompute the checksums with
+ * 	**bpf_l3_csum_replace**\ () and **bpf_l4_csum_replace**\
+ * 	(). The main case for this helper is to perform NAT64
+ * 	operations out of an eBPF program.
+ *
+ * 	Internally, the GSO type is marked as dodgy so that headers are
+ * 	checked and segments are recalculated by the GSO/GRO engine.
+ * 	The size for GSO target is adapted as well.
+ *
+ * 	All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
+ * 	be left at zero.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_change_proto)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __be16 proto, __u64 flags) = (void *) 31;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_change_type
+ *
+ * 	Change the packet type for the packet associated to *skb*. This
+ * 	comes down to setting *skb*\ **->pkt_type** to *type*, except
+ * 	the eBPF program does not have a write access to *skb*\
+ * 	**->pkt_type** beside this helper. Using a helper here allows
+ * 	for graceful handling of errors.
+ *
+ * 	The major use case is to change incoming *skb*s to
+ * 	**PACKET_HOST** in a programmatic way instead of having to
+ * 	recirculate via **redirect**\ (..., **BPF_F_INGRESS**), for
+ * 	example.
+ *
+ * 	Note that *type* only allows certain values. At this time, they
+ * 	are:
+ *
+ * 	**PACKET_HOST**
+ * 		Packet is for us.
+ * 	**PACKET_BROADCAST**
+ * 		Send packet to all.
+ * 	**PACKET_MULTICAST**
+ * 		Send packet to group.
+ * 	**PACKET_OTHERHOST**
+ * 		Send packet to someone else.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_change_type)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 type) = (void *) 32;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_under_cgroup
+ *
+ * 	Check whether *skb* is a descendant of the cgroup2 held by
+ * 	*map* of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY**, at *index*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The return value depends on the result of the test, and can be:
+ *
+ * 	* 0, if the *skb* failed the cgroup2 descendant test.
+ * 	* 1, if the *skb* succeeded the cgroup2 descendant test.
+ * 	* A negative error code, if an error occurred.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_under_cgroup)(struct __sk_buff *skb, void *map, __u32 index) = (void *) 33;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_hash_recalc
+ *
+ * 	Retrieve the hash of the packet, *skb*\ **->hash**. If it is
+ * 	not set, in particular if the hash was cleared due to mangling,
+ * 	recompute this hash. Later accesses to the hash can be done
+ * 	directly with *skb*\ **->hash**.
+ *
+ * 	Calling **bpf_set_hash_invalid**\ (), changing a packet
+ * 	prototype with **bpf_skb_change_proto**\ (), or calling
+ * 	**bpf_skb_store_bytes**\ () with the
+ * 	**BPF_F_INVALIDATE_HASH** are actions susceptible to clear
+ * 	the hash and to trigger a new computation for the next call to
+ * 	**bpf_get_hash_recalc**\ ().
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The 32-bit hash.
+ */
+static __u32 (*bpf_get_hash_recalc)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 34;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_current_task
+ *
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A pointer to the current task struct.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_get_current_task)(void) = (void *) 35;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_probe_write_user
+ *
+ * 	Attempt in a safe way to write *len* bytes from the buffer
+ * 	*src* to *dst* in memory. It only works for threads that are in
+ * 	user context, and *dst* must be a valid user space address.
+ *
+ * 	This helper should not be used to implement any kind of
+ * 	security mechanism because of TOC-TOU attacks, but rather to
+ * 	debug, divert, and manipulate execution of semi-cooperative
+ * 	processes.
+ *
+ * 	Keep in mind that this feature is meant for experiments, and it
+ * 	has a risk of crashing the system and running programs.
+ * 	Therefore, when an eBPF program using this helper is attached,
+ * 	a warning including PID and process name is printed to kernel
+ * 	logs.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_probe_write_user)(void *dst, const void *src, __u32 len) = (void *) 36;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_current_task_under_cgroup
+ *
+ * 	Check whether the probe is being run is the context of a given
+ * 	subset of the cgroup2 hierarchy. The cgroup2 to test is held by
+ * 	*map* of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_CGROUP_ARRAY**, at *index*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The return value depends on the result of the test, and can be:
+ *
+ * 	* 0, if the *skb* task belongs to the cgroup2.
+ * 	* 1, if the *skb* task does not belong to the cgroup2.
+ * 	* A negative error code, if an error occurred.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_current_task_under_cgroup)(void *map, __u32 index) = (void *) 37;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_change_tail
+ *
+ * 	Resize (trim or grow) the packet associated to *skb* to the
+ * 	new *len*. The *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
+ * 	be left at zero.
+ *
+ * 	The basic idea is that the helper performs the needed work to
+ * 	change the size of the packet, then the eBPF program rewrites
+ * 	the rest via helpers like **bpf_skb_store_bytes**\ (),
+ * 	**bpf_l3_csum_replace**\ (), **bpf_l3_csum_replace**\ ()
+ * 	and others. This helper is a slow path utility intended for
+ * 	replies with control messages. And because it is targeted for
+ * 	slow path, the helper itself can afford to be slow: it
+ * 	implicitly linearizes, unclones and drops offloads from the
+ * 	*skb*.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_change_tail)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 len, __u64 flags) = (void *) 38;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_pull_data
+ *
+ * 	Pull in non-linear data in case the *skb* is non-linear and not
+ * 	all of *len* are part of the linear section. Make *len* bytes
+ * 	from *skb* readable and writable. If a zero value is passed for
+ * 	*len*, then the whole length of the *skb* is pulled.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is only needed for reading and writing with direct
+ * 	packet access.
+ *
+ * 	For direct packet access, testing that offsets to access
+ * 	are within packet boundaries (test on *skb*\ **->data_end**) is
+ * 	susceptible to fail if offsets are invalid, or if the requested
+ * 	data is in non-linear parts of the *skb*. On failure the
+ * 	program can just bail out, or in the case of a non-linear
+ * 	buffer, use a helper to make the data available. The
+ * 	**bpf_skb_load_bytes**\ () helper is a first solution to access
+ * 	the data. Another one consists in using **bpf_skb_pull_data**
+ * 	to pull in once the non-linear parts, then retesting and
+ * 	eventually access the data.
+ *
+ * 	At the same time, this also makes sure the *skb* is uncloned,
+ * 	which is a necessary condition for direct write. As this needs
+ * 	to be an invariant for the write part only, the verifier
+ * 	detects writes and adds a prologue that is calling
+ * 	**bpf_skb_pull_data()** to effectively unclone the *skb* from
+ * 	the very beginning in case it is indeed cloned.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_pull_data)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 len) = (void *) 39;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_csum_update
+ *
+ * 	Add the checksum *csum* into *skb*\ **->csum** in case the
+ * 	driver has supplied a checksum for the entire packet into that
+ * 	field. Return an error otherwise. This helper is intended to be
+ * 	used in combination with **bpf_csum_diff**\ (), in particular
+ * 	when the checksum needs to be updated after data has been
+ * 	written into the packet through direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The checksum on success, or a negative error code in case of
+ * 	failure.
+ */
+static __s64 (*bpf_csum_update)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __wsum csum) = (void *) 40;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_set_hash_invalid
+ *
+ * 	Invalidate the current *skb*\ **->hash**. It can be used after
+ * 	mangling on headers through direct packet access, in order to
+ * 	indicate that the hash is outdated and to trigger a
+ * 	recalculation the next time the kernel tries to access this
+ * 	hash or when the **bpf_get_hash_recalc**\ () helper is called.
+ *
+ */
+static void (*bpf_set_hash_invalid)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 41;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_numa_node_id
+ *
+ * 	Return the id of the current NUMA node. The primary use case
+ * 	for this helper is the selection of sockets for the local NUMA
+ * 	node, when the program is attached to sockets using the
+ * 	**SO_ATTACH_REUSEPORT_EBPF** option (see also **socket(7)**),
+ * 	but the helper is also available to other eBPF program types,
+ * 	similarly to **bpf_get_smp_processor_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The id of current NUMA node.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_get_numa_node_id)(void) = (void *) 42;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_change_head
+ *
+ * 	Grows headroom of packet associated to *skb* and adjusts the
+ * 	offset of the MAC header accordingly, adding *len* bytes of
+ * 	space. It automatically extends and reallocates memory as
+ * 	required.
+ *
+ * 	This helper can be used on a layer 3 *skb* to push a MAC header
+ * 	for redirection into a layer 2 device.
+ *
+ * 	All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
+ * 	be left at zero.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_change_head)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 len, __u64 flags) = (void *) 43;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_xdp_adjust_head
+ *
+ * 	Adjust (move) *xdp_md*\ **->data** by *delta* bytes. Note that
+ * 	it is possible to use a negative value for *delta*. This helper
+ * 	can be used to prepare the packet for pushing or popping
+ * 	headers.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_xdp_adjust_head)(struct xdp_md *xdp_md, int delta) = (void *) 44;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_probe_read_str
+ *
+ * 	Copy a NUL terminated string from an unsafe kernel address
+ * 	*unsafe_ptr* to *dst*. See **bpf_probe_read_kernel_str**\ () for
+ * 	more details.
+ *
+ * 	Generally, use **bpf_probe_read_user_str**\ () or
+ * 	**bpf_probe_read_kernel_str**\ () instead.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	On success, the strictly positive length of the string,
+ * 	including the trailing NUL character. On error, a negative
+ * 	value.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_probe_read_str)(void *dst, __u32 size, const void *unsafe_ptr) = (void *) 45;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_socket_cookie
+ *
+ * 	If the **struct sk_buff** pointed by *skb* has a known socket,
+ * 	retrieve the cookie (generated by the kernel) of this socket.
+ * 	If no cookie has been set yet, generate a new cookie. Once
+ * 	generated, the socket cookie remains stable for the life of the
+ * 	socket. This helper can be useful for monitoring per socket
+ * 	networking traffic statistics as it provides a global socket
+ * 	identifier that can be assumed unique.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A 8-byte long non-decreasing number on success, or 0 if the
+ * 	socket field is missing inside *skb*.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_get_socket_cookie)(void *ctx) = (void *) 46;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_socket_uid
+ *
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The owner UID of the socket associated to *skb*. If the socket
+ * 	is **NULL**, or if it is not a full socket (i.e. if it is a
+ * 	time-wait or a request socket instead), **overflowuid** value
+ * 	is returned (note that **overflowuid** might also be the actual
+ * 	UID value for the socket).
+ */
+static __u32 (*bpf_get_socket_uid)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 47;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_set_hash
+ *
+ * 	Set the full hash for *skb* (set the field *skb*\ **->hash**)
+ * 	to value *hash*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_set_hash)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 hash) = (void *) 48;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_setsockopt
+ *
+ * 	Emulate a call to **setsockopt()** on the socket associated to
+ * 	*bpf_socket*, which must be a full socket. The *level* at
+ * 	which the option resides and the name *optname* of the option
+ * 	must be specified, see **setsockopt(2)** for more information.
+ * 	The option value of length *optlen* is pointed by *optval*.
+ *
+ * 	*bpf_socket* should be one of the following:
+ *
+ * 	* **struct bpf_sock_ops** for **BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS**.
+ * 	* **struct bpf_sock_addr** for **BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT**
+ * 	  and **BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT**.
+ *
+ * 	This helper actually implements a subset of **setsockopt()**.
+ * 	It supports the following *level*\ s:
+ *
+ * 	* **SOL_SOCKET**, which supports the following *optname*\ s:
+ * 	  **SO_RCVBUF**, **SO_SNDBUF**, **SO_MAX_PACING_RATE**,
+ * 	  **SO_PRIORITY**, **SO_RCVLOWAT**, **SO_MARK**,
+ * 	  **SO_BINDTODEVICE**, **SO_KEEPALIVE**.
+ * 	* **IPPROTO_TCP**, which supports the following *optname*\ s:
+ * 	  **TCP_CONGESTION**, **TCP_BPF_IW**,
+ * 	  **TCP_BPF_SNDCWND_CLAMP**, **TCP_SAVE_SYN**,
+ * 	  **TCP_KEEPIDLE**, **TCP_KEEPINTVL**, **TCP_KEEPCNT**,
+ * 	  **TCP_SYNCNT**, **TCP_USER_TIMEOUT**.
+ * 	* **IPPROTO_IP**, which supports *optname* **IP_TOS**.
+ * 	* **IPPROTO_IPV6**, which supports *optname* **IPV6_TCLASS**.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_setsockopt)(void *bpf_socket, int level, int optname, void *optval, int optlen) = (void *) 49;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_adjust_room
+ *
+ * 	Grow or shrink the room for data in the packet associated to
+ * 	*skb* by *len_diff*, and according to the selected *mode*.
+ *
+ * 	By default, the helper will reset any offloaded checksum
+ * 	indicator of the skb to CHECKSUM_NONE. This can be avoided
+ * 	by the following flag:
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_NO_CSUM_RESET**: Do not reset offloaded
+ * 	  checksum data of the skb to CHECKSUM_NONE.
+ *
+ * 	There are two supported modes at this time:
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_ADJ_ROOM_MAC**: Adjust room at the mac layer
+ * 	  (room space is added or removed below the layer 2 header).
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_ADJ_ROOM_NET**: Adjust room at the network layer
+ * 	  (room space is added or removed below the layer 3 header).
+ *
+ * 	The following flags are supported at this time:
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_FIXED_GSO**: Do not adjust gso_size.
+ * 	  Adjusting mss in this way is not allowed for datagrams.
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_ENCAP_L3_IPV4**,
+ * 	  **BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_ENCAP_L3_IPV6**:
+ * 	  Any new space is reserved to hold a tunnel header.
+ * 	  Configure skb offsets and other fields accordingly.
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_ENCAP_L4_GRE**,
+ * 	  **BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_ENCAP_L4_UDP**:
+ * 	  Use with ENCAP_L3 flags to further specify the tunnel type.
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_ENCAP_L2**\ (*len*):
+ * 	  Use with ENCAP_L3/L4 flags to further specify the tunnel
+ * 	  type; *len* is the length of the inner MAC header.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_adjust_room)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __s32 len_diff, __u32 mode, __u64 flags) = (void *) 50;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_redirect_map
+ *
+ * 	Redirect the packet to the endpoint referenced by *map* at
+ * 	index *key*. Depending on its type, this *map* can contain
+ * 	references to net devices (for forwarding packets through other
+ * 	ports), or to CPUs (for redirecting XDP frames to another CPU;
+ * 	but this is only implemented for native XDP (with driver
+ * 	support) as of this writing).
+ *
+ * 	The lower two bits of *flags* are used as the return code if
+ * 	the map lookup fails. This is so that the return value can be
+ * 	one of the XDP program return codes up to **XDP_TX**, as chosen
+ * 	by the caller. Any higher bits in the *flags* argument must be
+ * 	unset.
+ *
+ * 	See also **bpf_redirect**\ (), which only supports redirecting
+ * 	to an ifindex, but doesn't require a map to do so.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	**XDP_REDIRECT** on success, or the value of the two lower bits
+ * 	of the *flags* argument on error.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_redirect_map)(void *map, __u32 key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 51;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_redirect_map
+ *
+ * 	Redirect the packet to the socket referenced by *map* (of type
+ * 	**BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP**) at index *key*. Both ingress and
+ * 	egress interfaces can be used for redirection. The
+ * 	**BPF_F_INGRESS** value in *flags* is used to make the
+ * 	distinction (ingress path is selected if the flag is present,
+ * 	egress path otherwise). This is the only flag supported for now.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	**SK_PASS** on success, or **SK_DROP** on error.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sk_redirect_map)(struct __sk_buff *skb, void *map, __u32 key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 52;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sock_map_update
+ *
+ * 	Add an entry to, or update a *map* referencing sockets. The
+ * 	*skops* is used as a new value for the entry associated to
+ * 	*key*. *flags* is one of:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_NOEXIST**
+ * 		The entry for *key* must not exist in the map.
+ * 	**BPF_EXIST**
+ * 		The entry for *key* must already exist in the map.
+ * 	**BPF_ANY**
+ * 		No condition on the existence of the entry for *key*.
+ *
+ * 	If the *map* has eBPF programs (parser and verdict), those will
+ * 	be inherited by the socket being added. If the socket is
+ * 	already attached to eBPF programs, this results in an error.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sock_map_update)(struct bpf_sock_ops *skops, void *map, void *key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 53;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_xdp_adjust_meta
+ *
+ * 	Adjust the address pointed by *xdp_md*\ **->data_meta** by
+ * 	*delta* (which can be positive or negative). Note that this
+ * 	operation modifies the address stored in *xdp_md*\ **->data**,
+ * 	so the latter must be loaded only after the helper has been
+ * 	called.
+ *
+ * 	The use of *xdp_md*\ **->data_meta** is optional and programs
+ * 	are not required to use it. The rationale is that when the
+ * 	packet is processed with XDP (e.g. as DoS filter), it is
+ * 	possible to push further meta data along with it before passing
+ * 	to the stack, and to give the guarantee that an ingress eBPF
+ * 	program attached as a TC classifier on the same device can pick
+ * 	this up for further post-processing. Since TC works with socket
+ * 	buffers, it remains possible to set from XDP the **mark** or
+ * 	**priority** pointers, or other pointers for the socket buffer.
+ * 	Having this scratch space generic and programmable allows for
+ * 	more flexibility as the user is free to store whatever meta
+ * 	data they need.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_xdp_adjust_meta)(struct xdp_md *xdp_md, int delta) = (void *) 54;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_perf_event_read_value
+ *
+ * 	Read the value of a perf event counter, and store it into *buf*
+ * 	of size *buf_size*. This helper relies on a *map* of type
+ * 	**BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY**. The nature of the perf event
+ * 	counter is selected when *map* is updated with perf event file
+ * 	descriptors. The *map* is an array whose size is the number of
+ * 	available CPUs, and each cell contains a value relative to one
+ * 	CPU. The value to retrieve is indicated by *flags*, that
+ * 	contains the index of the CPU to look up, masked with
+ * 	**BPF_F_INDEX_MASK**. Alternatively, *flags* can be set to
+ * 	**BPF_F_CURRENT_CPU** to indicate that the value for the
+ * 	current CPU should be retrieved.
+ *
+ * 	This helper behaves in a way close to
+ * 	**bpf_perf_event_read**\ () helper, save that instead of
+ * 	just returning the value observed, it fills the *buf*
+ * 	structure. This allows for additional data to be retrieved: in
+ * 	particular, the enabled and running times (in *buf*\
+ * 	**->enabled** and *buf*\ **->running**, respectively) are
+ * 	copied. In general, **bpf_perf_event_read_value**\ () is
+ * 	recommended over **bpf_perf_event_read**\ (), which has some
+ * 	ABI issues and provides fewer functionalities.
+ *
+ * 	These values are interesting, because hardware PMU (Performance
+ * 	Monitoring Unit) counters are limited resources. When there are
+ * 	more PMU based perf events opened than available counters,
+ * 	kernel will multiplex these events so each event gets certain
+ * 	percentage (but not all) of the PMU time. In case that
+ * 	multiplexing happens, the number of samples or counter value
+ * 	will not reflect the case compared to when no multiplexing
+ * 	occurs. This makes comparison between different runs difficult.
+ * 	Typically, the counter value should be normalized before
+ * 	comparing to other experiments. The usual normalization is done
+ * 	as follows.
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		normalized_counter = counter * t_enabled / t_running
+ *
+ * 	Where t_enabled is the time enabled for event and t_running is
+ * 	the time running for event since last normalization. The
+ * 	enabled and running times are accumulated since the perf event
+ * 	open. To achieve scaling factor between two invocations of an
+ * 	eBPF program, users can use CPU id as the key (which is
+ * 	typical for perf array usage model) to remember the previous
+ * 	value and do the calculation inside the eBPF program.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_perf_event_read_value)(void *map, __u64 flags, struct bpf_perf_event_value *buf, __u32 buf_size) = (void *) 55;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_perf_prog_read_value
+ *
+ * 	For en eBPF program attached to a perf event, retrieve the
+ * 	value of the event counter associated to *ctx* and store it in
+ * 	the structure pointed by *buf* and of size *buf_size*. Enabled
+ * 	and running times are also stored in the structure (see
+ * 	description of helper **bpf_perf_event_read_value**\ () for
+ * 	more details).
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_perf_prog_read_value)(struct bpf_perf_event_data *ctx, struct bpf_perf_event_value *buf, __u32 buf_size) = (void *) 56;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_getsockopt
+ *
+ * 	Emulate a call to **getsockopt()** on the socket associated to
+ * 	*bpf_socket*, which must be a full socket. The *level* at
+ * 	which the option resides and the name *optname* of the option
+ * 	must be specified, see **getsockopt(2)** for more information.
+ * 	The retrieved value is stored in the structure pointed by
+ * 	*opval* and of length *optlen*.
+ *
+ * 	*bpf_socket* should be one of the following:
+ *
+ * 	* **struct bpf_sock_ops** for **BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS**.
+ * 	* **struct bpf_sock_addr** for **BPF_CGROUP_INET4_CONNECT**
+ * 	  and **BPF_CGROUP_INET6_CONNECT**.
+ *
+ * 	This helper actually implements a subset of **getsockopt()**.
+ * 	It supports the following *level*\ s:
+ *
+ * 	* **IPPROTO_TCP**, which supports *optname*
+ * 	  **TCP_CONGESTION**.
+ * 	* **IPPROTO_IP**, which supports *optname* **IP_TOS**.
+ * 	* **IPPROTO_IPV6**, which supports *optname* **IPV6_TCLASS**.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_getsockopt)(void *bpf_socket, int level, int optname, void *optval, int optlen) = (void *) 57;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_override_return
+ *
+ * 	Used for error injection, this helper uses kprobes to override
+ * 	the return value of the probed function, and to set it to *rc*.
+ * 	The first argument is the context *regs* on which the kprobe
+ * 	works.
+ *
+ * 	This helper works by setting the PC (program counter)
+ * 	to an override function which is run in place of the original
+ * 	probed function. This means the probed function is not run at
+ * 	all. The replacement function just returns with the required
+ * 	value.
+ *
+ * 	This helper has security implications, and thus is subject to
+ * 	restrictions. It is only available if the kernel was compiled
+ * 	with the **CONFIG_BPF_KPROBE_OVERRIDE** configuration
+ * 	option, and in this case it only works on functions tagged with
+ * 	**ALLOW_ERROR_INJECTION** in the kernel code.
+ *
+ * 	Also, the helper is only available for the architectures having
+ * 	the CONFIG_FUNCTION_ERROR_INJECTION option. As of this writing,
+ * 	x86 architecture is the only one to support this feature.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_override_return)(struct pt_regs *regs, __u64 rc) = (void *) 58;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags_set
+ *
+ * 	Attempt to set the value of the **bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags** field
+ * 	for the full TCP socket associated to *bpf_sock_ops* to
+ * 	*argval*.
+ *
+ * 	The primary use of this field is to determine if there should
+ * 	be calls to eBPF programs of type
+ * 	**BPF_PROG_TYPE_SOCK_OPS** at various points in the TCP
+ * 	code. A program of the same type can change its value, per
+ * 	connection and as necessary, when the connection is
+ * 	established. This field is directly accessible for reading, but
+ * 	this helper must be used for updates in order to return an
+ * 	error if an eBPF program tries to set a callback that is not
+ * 	supported in the current kernel.
+ *
+ * 	*argval* is a flag array which can combine these flags:
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_SOCK_OPS_RTO_CB_FLAG** (retransmission time out)
+ * 	* **BPF_SOCK_OPS_RETRANS_CB_FLAG** (retransmission)
+ * 	* **BPF_SOCK_OPS_STATE_CB_FLAG** (TCP state change)
+ * 	* **BPF_SOCK_OPS_RTT_CB_FLAG** (every RTT)
+ *
+ * 	Therefore, this function can be used to clear a callback flag by
+ * 	setting the appropriate bit to zero. e.g. to disable the RTO
+ * 	callback:
+ *
+ * 	**bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags_set(bpf_sock,**
+ * 		**bpf_sock->bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags & ~BPF_SOCK_OPS_RTO_CB_FLAG)**
+ *
+ * 	Here are some examples of where one could call such eBPF
+ * 	program:
+ *
+ * 	* When RTO fires.
+ * 	* When a packet is retransmitted.
+ * 	* When the connection terminates.
+ * 	* When a packet is sent.
+ * 	* When a packet is received.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Code **-EINVAL** if the socket is not a full TCP socket;
+ * 	otherwise, a positive number containing the bits that could not
+ * 	be set is returned (which comes down to 0 if all bits were set
+ * 	as required).
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sock_ops_cb_flags_set)(struct bpf_sock_ops *bpf_sock, int argval) = (void *) 59;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_msg_redirect_map
+ *
+ * 	This helper is used in programs implementing policies at the
+ * 	socket level. If the message *msg* is allowed to pass (i.e. if
+ * 	the verdict eBPF program returns **SK_PASS**), redirect it to
+ * 	the socket referenced by *map* (of type
+ * 	**BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKMAP**) at index *key*. Both ingress and
+ * 	egress interfaces can be used for redirection. The
+ * 	**BPF_F_INGRESS** value in *flags* is used to make the
+ * 	distinction (ingress path is selected if the flag is present,
+ * 	egress path otherwise). This is the only flag supported for now.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	**SK_PASS** on success, or **SK_DROP** on error.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_msg_redirect_map)(struct sk_msg_md *msg, void *map, __u32 key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 60;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_msg_apply_bytes
+ *
+ * 	For socket policies, apply the verdict of the eBPF program to
+ * 	the next *bytes* (number of bytes) of message *msg*.
+ *
+ * 	For example, this helper can be used in the following cases:
+ *
+ * 	* A single **sendmsg**\ () or **sendfile**\ () system call
+ * 	  contains multiple logical messages that the eBPF program is
+ * 	  supposed to read and for which it should apply a verdict.
+ * 	* An eBPF program only cares to read the first *bytes* of a
+ * 	  *msg*. If the message has a large payload, then setting up
+ * 	  and calling the eBPF program repeatedly for all bytes, even
+ * 	  though the verdict is already known, would create unnecessary
+ * 	  overhead.
+ *
+ * 	When called from within an eBPF program, the helper sets a
+ * 	counter internal to the BPF infrastructure, that is used to
+ * 	apply the last verdict to the next *bytes*. If *bytes* is
+ * 	smaller than the current data being processed from a
+ * 	**sendmsg**\ () or **sendfile**\ () system call, the first
+ * 	*bytes* will be sent and the eBPF program will be re-run with
+ * 	the pointer for start of data pointing to byte number *bytes*
+ * 	**+ 1**. If *bytes* is larger than the current data being
+ * 	processed, then the eBPF verdict will be applied to multiple
+ * 	**sendmsg**\ () or **sendfile**\ () calls until *bytes* are
+ * 	consumed.
+ *
+ * 	Note that if a socket closes with the internal counter holding
+ * 	a non-zero value, this is not a problem because data is not
+ * 	being buffered for *bytes* and is sent as it is received.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_msg_apply_bytes)(struct sk_msg_md *msg, __u32 bytes) = (void *) 61;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_msg_cork_bytes
+ *
+ * 	For socket policies, prevent the execution of the verdict eBPF
+ * 	program for message *msg* until *bytes* (byte number) have been
+ * 	accumulated.
+ *
+ * 	This can be used when one needs a specific number of bytes
+ * 	before a verdict can be assigned, even if the data spans
+ * 	multiple **sendmsg**\ () or **sendfile**\ () calls. The extreme
+ * 	case would be a user calling **sendmsg**\ () repeatedly with
+ * 	1-byte long message segments. Obviously, this is bad for
+ * 	performance, but it is still valid. If the eBPF program needs
+ * 	*bytes* bytes to validate a header, this helper can be used to
+ * 	prevent the eBPF program to be called again until *bytes* have
+ * 	been accumulated.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_msg_cork_bytes)(struct sk_msg_md *msg, __u32 bytes) = (void *) 62;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_msg_pull_data
+ *
+ * 	For socket policies, pull in non-linear data from user space
+ * 	for *msg* and set pointers *msg*\ **->data** and *msg*\
+ * 	**->data_end** to *start* and *end* bytes offsets into *msg*,
+ * 	respectively.
+ *
+ * 	If a program of type **BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG** is run on a
+ * 	*msg* it can only parse data that the (**data**, **data_end**)
+ * 	pointers have already consumed. For **sendmsg**\ () hooks this
+ * 	is likely the first scatterlist element. But for calls relying
+ * 	on the **sendpage** handler (e.g. **sendfile**\ ()) this will
+ * 	be the range (**0**, **0**) because the data is shared with
+ * 	user space and by default the objective is to avoid allowing
+ * 	user space to modify data while (or after) eBPF verdict is
+ * 	being decided. This helper can be used to pull in data and to
+ * 	set the start and end pointer to given values. Data will be
+ * 	copied if necessary (i.e. if data was not linear and if start
+ * 	and end pointers do not point to the same chunk).
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * 	All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
+ * 	be left at zero.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_msg_pull_data)(struct sk_msg_md *msg, __u32 start, __u32 end, __u64 flags) = (void *) 63;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_bind
+ *
+ * 	Bind the socket associated to *ctx* to the address pointed by
+ * 	*addr*, of length *addr_len*. This allows for making outgoing
+ * 	connection from the desired IP address, which can be useful for
+ * 	example when all processes inside a cgroup should use one
+ * 	single IP address on a host that has multiple IP configured.
+ *
+ * 	This helper works for IPv4 and IPv6, TCP and UDP sockets. The
+ * 	domain (*addr*\ **->sa_family**) must be **AF_INET** (or
+ * 	**AF_INET6**). It's advised to pass zero port (**sin_port**
+ * 	or **sin6_port**) which triggers IP_BIND_ADDRESS_NO_PORT-like
+ * 	behavior and lets the kernel efficiently pick up an unused
+ * 	port as long as 4-tuple is unique. Passing non-zero port might
+ * 	lead to degraded performance.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_bind)(struct bpf_sock_addr *ctx, struct sockaddr *addr, int addr_len) = (void *) 64;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_xdp_adjust_tail
+ *
+ * 	Adjust (move) *xdp_md*\ **->data_end** by *delta* bytes. It is
+ * 	possible to both shrink and grow the packet tail.
+ * 	Shrink done via *delta* being a negative integer.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_xdp_adjust_tail)(struct xdp_md *xdp_md, int delta) = (void *) 65;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_get_xfrm_state
+ *
+ * 	Retrieve the XFRM state (IP transform framework, see also
+ * 	**ip-xfrm(8)**) at *index* in XFRM "security path" for *skb*.
+ *
+ * 	The retrieved value is stored in the **struct bpf_xfrm_state**
+ * 	pointed by *xfrm_state* and of length *size*.
+ *
+ * 	All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
+ * 	be left at zero.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is available only if the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	**CONFIG_XFRM** configuration option.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_get_xfrm_state)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 index, struct bpf_xfrm_state *xfrm_state, __u32 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 66;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_stack
+ *
+ * 	Return a user or a kernel stack in bpf program provided buffer.
+ * 	To achieve this, the helper needs *ctx*, which is a pointer
+ * 	to the context on which the tracing program is executed.
+ * 	To store the stacktrace, the bpf program provides *buf* with
+ * 	a nonnegative *size*.
+ *
+ * 	The last argument, *flags*, holds the number of stack frames to
+ * 	skip (from 0 to 255), masked with
+ * 	**BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK**. The next bits can be used to set
+ * 	the following flags:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_F_USER_STACK**
+ * 		Collect a user space stack instead of a kernel stack.
+ * 	**BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID**
+ * 		Collect buildid+offset instead of ips for user stack,
+ * 		only valid if **BPF_F_USER_STACK** is also specified.
+ *
+ * 	**bpf_get_stack**\ () can collect up to
+ * 	**PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH** both kernel and user frames, subject
+ * 	to sufficient large buffer size. Note that
+ * 	this limit can be controlled with the **sysctl** program, and
+ * 	that it should be manually increased in order to profile long
+ * 	user stacks (such as stacks for Java programs). To do so, use:
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		# sysctl kernel.perf_event_max_stack=<new value>
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A non-negative value equal to or less than *size* on success,
+ * 	or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_get_stack)(void *ctx, void *buf, __u32 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 67;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_load_bytes_relative
+ *
+ * 	This helper is similar to **bpf_skb_load_bytes**\ () in that
+ * 	it provides an easy way to load *len* bytes from *offset*
+ * 	from the packet associated to *skb*, into the buffer pointed
+ * 	by *to*. The difference to **bpf_skb_load_bytes**\ () is that
+ * 	a fifth argument *start_header* exists in order to select a
+ * 	base offset to start from. *start_header* can be one of:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_HDR_START_MAC**
+ * 		Base offset to load data from is *skb*'s mac header.
+ * 	**BPF_HDR_START_NET**
+ * 		Base offset to load data from is *skb*'s network header.
+ *
+ * 	In general, "direct packet access" is the preferred method to
+ * 	access packet data, however, this helper is in particular useful
+ * 	in socket filters where *skb*\ **->data** does not always point
+ * 	to the start of the mac header and where "direct packet access"
+ * 	is not available.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_load_bytes_relative)(const void *skb, __u32 offset, void *to, __u32 len, __u32 start_header) = (void *) 68;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_fib_lookup
+ *
+ * 	Do FIB lookup in kernel tables using parameters in *params*.
+ * 	If lookup is successful and result shows packet is to be
+ * 	forwarded, the neighbor tables are searched for the nexthop.
+ * 	If successful (ie., FIB lookup shows forwarding and nexthop
+ * 	is resolved), the nexthop address is returned in ipv4_dst
+ * 	or ipv6_dst based on family, smac is set to mac address of
+ * 	egress device, dmac is set to nexthop mac address, rt_metric
+ * 	is set to metric from route (IPv4/IPv6 only), and ifindex
+ * 	is set to the device index of the nexthop from the FIB lookup.
+ *
+ * 	*plen* argument is the size of the passed in struct.
+ * 	*flags* argument can be a combination of one or more of the
+ * 	following values:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_FIB_LOOKUP_DIRECT**
+ * 		Do a direct table lookup vs full lookup using FIB
+ * 		rules.
+ * 	**BPF_FIB_LOOKUP_OUTPUT**
+ * 		Perform lookup from an egress perspective (default is
+ * 		ingress).
+ *
+ * 	*ctx* is either **struct xdp_md** for XDP programs or
+ * 	**struct sk_buff** tc cls_act programs.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	* < 0 if any input argument is invalid
+ * 	*   0 on success (packet is forwarded, nexthop neighbor exists)
+ * 	* > 0 one of **BPF_FIB_LKUP_RET_** codes explaining why the
+ * 	  packet is not forwarded or needs assist from full stack
+ */
+static long (*bpf_fib_lookup)(void *ctx, struct bpf_fib_lookup *params, int plen, __u32 flags) = (void *) 69;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sock_hash_update
+ *
+ * 	Add an entry to, or update a sockhash *map* referencing sockets.
+ * 	The *skops* is used as a new value for the entry associated to
+ * 	*key*. *flags* is one of:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_NOEXIST**
+ * 		The entry for *key* must not exist in the map.
+ * 	**BPF_EXIST**
+ * 		The entry for *key* must already exist in the map.
+ * 	**BPF_ANY**
+ * 		No condition on the existence of the entry for *key*.
+ *
+ * 	If the *map* has eBPF programs (parser and verdict), those will
+ * 	be inherited by the socket being added. If the socket is
+ * 	already attached to eBPF programs, this results in an error.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sock_hash_update)(struct bpf_sock_ops *skops, void *map, void *key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 70;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_msg_redirect_hash
+ *
+ * 	This helper is used in programs implementing policies at the
+ * 	socket level. If the message *msg* is allowed to pass (i.e. if
+ * 	the verdict eBPF program returns **SK_PASS**), redirect it to
+ * 	the socket referenced by *map* (of type
+ * 	**BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKHASH**) using hash *key*. Both ingress and
+ * 	egress interfaces can be used for redirection. The
+ * 	**BPF_F_INGRESS** value in *flags* is used to make the
+ * 	distinction (ingress path is selected if the flag is present,
+ * 	egress path otherwise). This is the only flag supported for now.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	**SK_PASS** on success, or **SK_DROP** on error.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_msg_redirect_hash)(struct sk_msg_md *msg, void *map, void *key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 71;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_redirect_hash
+ *
+ * 	This helper is used in programs implementing policies at the
+ * 	skb socket level. If the sk_buff *skb* is allowed to pass (i.e.
+ * 	if the verdeict eBPF program returns **SK_PASS**), redirect it
+ * 	to the socket referenced by *map* (of type
+ * 	**BPF_MAP_TYPE_SOCKHASH**) using hash *key*. Both ingress and
+ * 	egress interfaces can be used for redirection. The
+ * 	**BPF_F_INGRESS** value in *flags* is used to make the
+ * 	distinction (ingress path is selected if the flag is present,
+ * 	egress otherwise). This is the only flag supported for now.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	**SK_PASS** on success, or **SK_DROP** on error.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sk_redirect_hash)(struct __sk_buff *skb, void *map, void *key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 72;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_lwt_push_encap
+ *
+ * 	Encapsulate the packet associated to *skb* within a Layer 3
+ * 	protocol header. This header is provided in the buffer at
+ * 	address *hdr*, with *len* its size in bytes. *type* indicates
+ * 	the protocol of the header and can be one of:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_LWT_ENCAP_SEG6**
+ * 		IPv6 encapsulation with Segment Routing Header
+ * 		(**struct ipv6_sr_hdr**). *hdr* only contains the SRH,
+ * 		the IPv6 header is computed by the kernel.
+ * 	**BPF_LWT_ENCAP_SEG6_INLINE**
+ * 		Only works if *skb* contains an IPv6 packet. Insert a
+ * 		Segment Routing Header (**struct ipv6_sr_hdr**) inside
+ * 		the IPv6 header.
+ * 	**BPF_LWT_ENCAP_IP**
+ * 		IP encapsulation (GRE/GUE/IPIP/etc). The outer header
+ * 		must be IPv4 or IPv6, followed by zero or more
+ * 		additional headers, up to **LWT_BPF_MAX_HEADROOM**
+ * 		total bytes in all prepended headers. Please note that
+ * 		if **skb_is_gso**\ (*skb*) is true, no more than two
+ * 		headers can be prepended, and the inner header, if
+ * 		present, should be either GRE or UDP/GUE.
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_LWT_ENCAP_SEG6**\ \* types can be called by BPF programs
+ * 	of type **BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN**; **BPF_LWT_ENCAP_IP** type can
+ * 	be called by bpf programs of types **BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_IN** and
+ * 	**BPF_PROG_TYPE_LWT_XMIT**.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_lwt_push_encap)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 type, void *hdr, __u32 len) = (void *) 73;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_lwt_seg6_store_bytes
+ *
+ * 	Store *len* bytes from address *from* into the packet
+ * 	associated to *skb*, at *offset*. Only the flags, tag and TLVs
+ * 	inside the outermost IPv6 Segment Routing Header can be
+ * 	modified through this helper.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_lwt_seg6_store_bytes)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 offset, const void *from, __u32 len) = (void *) 74;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_lwt_seg6_adjust_srh
+ *
+ * 	Adjust the size allocated to TLVs in the outermost IPv6
+ * 	Segment Routing Header contained in the packet associated to
+ * 	*skb*, at position *offset* by *delta* bytes. Only offsets
+ * 	after the segments are accepted. *delta* can be as well
+ * 	positive (growing) as negative (shrinking).
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_lwt_seg6_adjust_srh)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 offset, __s32 delta) = (void *) 75;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_lwt_seg6_action
+ *
+ * 	Apply an IPv6 Segment Routing action of type *action* to the
+ * 	packet associated to *skb*. Each action takes a parameter
+ * 	contained at address *param*, and of length *param_len* bytes.
+ * 	*action* can be one of:
+ *
+ * 	**SEG6_LOCAL_ACTION_END_X**
+ * 		End.X action: Endpoint with Layer-3 cross-connect.
+ * 		Type of *param*: **struct in6_addr**.
+ * 	**SEG6_LOCAL_ACTION_END_T**
+ * 		End.T action: Endpoint with specific IPv6 table lookup.
+ * 		Type of *param*: **int**.
+ * 	**SEG6_LOCAL_ACTION_END_B6**
+ * 		End.B6 action: Endpoint bound to an SRv6 policy.
+ * 		Type of *param*: **struct ipv6_sr_hdr**.
+ * 	**SEG6_LOCAL_ACTION_END_B6_ENCAP**
+ * 		End.B6.Encap action: Endpoint bound to an SRv6
+ * 		encapsulation policy.
+ * 		Type of *param*: **struct ipv6_sr_hdr**.
+ *
+ * 	A call to this helper is susceptible to change the underlying
+ * 	packet buffer. Therefore, at load time, all checks on pointers
+ * 	previously done by the verifier are invalidated and must be
+ * 	performed again, if the helper is used in combination with
+ * 	direct packet access.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_lwt_seg6_action)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u32 action, void *param, __u32 param_len) = (void *) 76;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_rc_repeat
+ *
+ * 	This helper is used in programs implementing IR decoding, to
+ * 	report a successfully decoded repeat key message. This delays
+ * 	the generation of a key up event for previously generated
+ * 	key down event.
+ *
+ * 	Some IR protocols like NEC have a special IR message for
+ * 	repeating last button, for when a button is held down.
+ *
+ * 	The *ctx* should point to the lirc sample as passed into
+ * 	the program.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is only available is the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	the **CONFIG_BPF_LIRC_MODE2** configuration option set to
+ * 	"**y**".
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_rc_repeat)(void *ctx) = (void *) 77;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_rc_keydown
+ *
+ * 	This helper is used in programs implementing IR decoding, to
+ * 	report a successfully decoded key press with *scancode*,
+ * 	*toggle* value in the given *protocol*. The scancode will be
+ * 	translated to a keycode using the rc keymap, and reported as
+ * 	an input key down event. After a period a key up event is
+ * 	generated. This period can be extended by calling either
+ * 	**bpf_rc_keydown**\ () again with the same values, or calling
+ * 	**bpf_rc_repeat**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	Some protocols include a toggle bit, in case the button was
+ * 	released and pressed again between consecutive scancodes.
+ *
+ * 	The *ctx* should point to the lirc sample as passed into
+ * 	the program.
+ *
+ * 	The *protocol* is the decoded protocol number (see
+ * 	**enum rc_proto** for some predefined values).
+ *
+ * 	This helper is only available is the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	the **CONFIG_BPF_LIRC_MODE2** configuration option set to
+ * 	"**y**".
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_rc_keydown)(void *ctx, __u32 protocol, __u64 scancode, __u32 toggle) = (void *) 78;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_cgroup_id
+ *
+ * 	Return the cgroup v2 id of the socket associated with the *skb*.
+ * 	This is roughly similar to the **bpf_get_cgroup_classid**\ ()
+ * 	helper for cgroup v1 by providing a tag resp. identifier that
+ * 	can be matched on or used for map lookups e.g. to implement
+ * 	policy. The cgroup v2 id of a given path in the hierarchy is
+ * 	exposed in user space through the f_handle API in order to get
+ * 	to the same 64-bit id.
+ *
+ * 	This helper can be used on TC egress path, but not on ingress,
+ * 	and is available only if the kernel was compiled with the
+ * 	**CONFIG_SOCK_CGROUP_DATA** configuration option.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The id is returned or 0 in case the id could not be retrieved.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_skb_cgroup_id)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 79;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_current_cgroup_id
+ *
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A 64-bit integer containing the current cgroup id based
+ * 	on the cgroup within which the current task is running.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_get_current_cgroup_id)(void) = (void *) 80;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_local_storage
+ *
+ * 	Get the pointer to the local storage area.
+ * 	The type and the size of the local storage is defined
+ * 	by the *map* argument.
+ * 	The *flags* meaning is specific for each map type,
+ * 	and has to be 0 for cgroup local storage.
+ *
+ * 	Depending on the BPF program type, a local storage area
+ * 	can be shared between multiple instances of the BPF program,
+ * 	running simultaneously.
+ *
+ * 	A user should care about the synchronization by himself.
+ * 	For example, by using the **BPF_STX_XADD** instruction to alter
+ * 	the shared data.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A pointer to the local storage area.
+ */
+static void *(*bpf_get_local_storage)(void *map, __u64 flags) = (void *) 81;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_select_reuseport
+ *
+ * 	Select a **SO_REUSEPORT** socket from a
+ * 	**BPF_MAP_TYPE_REUSEPORT_ARRAY** *map*.
+ * 	It checks the selected socket is matching the incoming
+ * 	request in the socket buffer.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sk_select_reuseport)(struct sk_reuseport_md *reuse, void *map, void *key, __u64 flags) = (void *) 82;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_ancestor_cgroup_id
+ *
+ * 	Return id of cgroup v2 that is ancestor of cgroup associated
+ * 	with the *skb* at the *ancestor_level*.  The root cgroup is at
+ * 	*ancestor_level* zero and each step down the hierarchy
+ * 	increments the level. If *ancestor_level* == level of cgroup
+ * 	associated with *skb*, then return value will be same as that
+ * 	of **bpf_skb_cgroup_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	The helper is useful to implement policies based on cgroups
+ * 	that are upper in hierarchy than immediate cgroup associated
+ * 	with *skb*.
+ *
+ * 	The format of returned id and helper limitations are same as in
+ * 	**bpf_skb_cgroup_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The id is returned or 0 in case the id could not be retrieved.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_skb_ancestor_cgroup_id)(struct __sk_buff *skb, int ancestor_level) = (void *) 83;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_lookup_tcp
+ *
+ * 	Look for TCP socket matching *tuple*, optionally in a child
+ * 	network namespace *netns*. The return value must be checked,
+ * 	and if non-**NULL**, released via **bpf_sk_release**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	The *ctx* should point to the context of the program, such as
+ * 	the skb or socket (depending on the hook in use). This is used
+ * 	to determine the base network namespace for the lookup.
+ *
+ * 	*tuple_size* must be one of:
+ *
+ * 	**sizeof**\ (*tuple*\ **->ipv4**)
+ * 		Look for an IPv4 socket.
+ * 	**sizeof**\ (*tuple*\ **->ipv6**)
+ * 		Look for an IPv6 socket.
+ *
+ * 	If the *netns* is a negative signed 32-bit integer, then the
+ * 	socket lookup table in the netns associated with the *ctx* will
+ * 	will be used. For the TC hooks, this is the netns of the device
+ * 	in the skb. For socket hooks, this is the netns of the socket.
+ * 	If *netns* is any other signed 32-bit value greater than or
+ * 	equal to zero then it specifies the ID of the netns relative to
+ * 	the netns associated with the *ctx*. *netns* values beyond the
+ * 	range of 32-bit integers are reserved for future use.
+ *
+ * 	All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
+ * 	be left at zero.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is available only if the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	**CONFIG_NET** configuration option.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Pointer to **struct bpf_sock**, or **NULL** in case of failure.
+ * 	For sockets with reuseport option, the **struct bpf_sock**
+ * 	result is from *reuse*\ **->socks**\ [] using the hash of the
+ * 	tuple.
+ */
+static struct bpf_sock *(*bpf_sk_lookup_tcp)(void *ctx, struct bpf_sock_tuple *tuple, __u32 tuple_size, __u64 netns, __u64 flags) = (void *) 84;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_lookup_udp
+ *
+ * 	Look for UDP socket matching *tuple*, optionally in a child
+ * 	network namespace *netns*. The return value must be checked,
+ * 	and if non-**NULL**, released via **bpf_sk_release**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	The *ctx* should point to the context of the program, such as
+ * 	the skb or socket (depending on the hook in use). This is used
+ * 	to determine the base network namespace for the lookup.
+ *
+ * 	*tuple_size* must be one of:
+ *
+ * 	**sizeof**\ (*tuple*\ **->ipv4**)
+ * 		Look for an IPv4 socket.
+ * 	**sizeof**\ (*tuple*\ **->ipv6**)
+ * 		Look for an IPv6 socket.
+ *
+ * 	If the *netns* is a negative signed 32-bit integer, then the
+ * 	socket lookup table in the netns associated with the *ctx* will
+ * 	will be used. For the TC hooks, this is the netns of the device
+ * 	in the skb. For socket hooks, this is the netns of the socket.
+ * 	If *netns* is any other signed 32-bit value greater than or
+ * 	equal to zero then it specifies the ID of the netns relative to
+ * 	the netns associated with the *ctx*. *netns* values beyond the
+ * 	range of 32-bit integers are reserved for future use.
+ *
+ * 	All values for *flags* are reserved for future usage, and must
+ * 	be left at zero.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is available only if the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	**CONFIG_NET** configuration option.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Pointer to **struct bpf_sock**, or **NULL** in case of failure.
+ * 	For sockets with reuseport option, the **struct bpf_sock**
+ * 	result is from *reuse*\ **->socks**\ [] using the hash of the
+ * 	tuple.
+ */
+static struct bpf_sock *(*bpf_sk_lookup_udp)(void *ctx, struct bpf_sock_tuple *tuple, __u32 tuple_size, __u64 netns, __u64 flags) = (void *) 85;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_release
+ *
+ * 	Release the reference held by *sock*. *sock* must be a
+ * 	non-**NULL** pointer that was returned from
+ * 	**bpf_sk_lookup_xxx**\ ().
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sk_release)(struct bpf_sock *sock) = (void *) 86;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_map_push_elem
+ *
+ * 	Push an element *value* in *map*. *flags* is one of:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_EXIST**
+ * 		If the queue/stack is full, the oldest element is
+ * 		removed to make room for this.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_map_push_elem)(void *map, const void *value, __u64 flags) = (void *) 87;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_map_pop_elem
+ *
+ * 	Pop an element from *map*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_map_pop_elem)(void *map, void *value) = (void *) 88;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_map_peek_elem
+ *
+ * 	Get an element from *map* without removing it.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_map_peek_elem)(void *map, void *value) = (void *) 89;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_msg_push_data
+ *
+ * 	For socket policies, insert *len* bytes into *msg* at offset
+ * 	*start*.
+ *
+ * 	If a program of type **BPF_PROG_TYPE_SK_MSG** is run on a
+ * 	*msg* it may want to insert metadata or options into the *msg*.
+ * 	This can later be read and used by any of the lower layer BPF
+ * 	hooks.
+ *
+ * 	This helper may fail if under memory pressure (a malloc
+ * 	fails) in these cases BPF programs will get an appropriate
+ * 	error and BPF programs will need to handle them.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_msg_push_data)(struct sk_msg_md *msg, __u32 start, __u32 len, __u64 flags) = (void *) 90;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_msg_pop_data
+ *
+ * 	Will remove *len* bytes from a *msg* starting at byte *start*.
+ * 	This may result in **ENOMEM** errors under certain situations if
+ * 	an allocation and copy are required due to a full ring buffer.
+ * 	However, the helper will try to avoid doing the allocation
+ * 	if possible. Other errors can occur if input parameters are
+ * 	invalid either due to *start* byte not being valid part of *msg*
+ * 	payload and/or *pop* value being to large.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_msg_pop_data)(struct sk_msg_md *msg, __u32 start, __u32 len, __u64 flags) = (void *) 91;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_rc_pointer_rel
+ *
+ * 	This helper is used in programs implementing IR decoding, to
+ * 	report a successfully decoded pointer movement.
+ *
+ * 	The *ctx* should point to the lirc sample as passed into
+ * 	the program.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is only available is the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	the **CONFIG_BPF_LIRC_MODE2** configuration option set to
+ * 	"**y**".
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_rc_pointer_rel)(void *ctx, __s32 rel_x, __s32 rel_y) = (void *) 92;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_spin_lock
+ *
+ * 	Acquire a spinlock represented by the pointer *lock*, which is
+ * 	stored as part of a value of a map. Taking the lock allows to
+ * 	safely update the rest of the fields in that value. The
+ * 	spinlock can (and must) later be released with a call to
+ * 	**bpf_spin_unlock**\ (\ *lock*\ ).
+ *
+ * 	Spinlocks in BPF programs come with a number of restrictions
+ * 	and constraints:
+ *
+ * 	* **bpf_spin_lock** objects are only allowed inside maps of
+ * 	  types **BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH** and **BPF_MAP_TYPE_ARRAY** (this
+ * 	  list could be extended in the future).
+ * 	* BTF description of the map is mandatory.
+ * 	* The BPF program can take ONE lock at a time, since taking two
+ * 	  or more could cause dead locks.
+ * 	* Only one **struct bpf_spin_lock** is allowed per map element.
+ * 	* When the lock is taken, calls (either BPF to BPF or helpers)
+ * 	  are not allowed.
+ * 	* The **BPF_LD_ABS** and **BPF_LD_IND** instructions are not
+ * 	  allowed inside a spinlock-ed region.
+ * 	* The BPF program MUST call **bpf_spin_unlock**\ () to release
+ * 	  the lock, on all execution paths, before it returns.
+ * 	* The BPF program can access **struct bpf_spin_lock** only via
+ * 	  the **bpf_spin_lock**\ () and **bpf_spin_unlock**\ ()
+ * 	  helpers. Loading or storing data into the **struct
+ * 	  bpf_spin_lock** *lock*\ **;** field of a map is not allowed.
+ * 	* To use the **bpf_spin_lock**\ () helper, the BTF description
+ * 	  of the map value must be a struct and have **struct
+ * 	  bpf_spin_lock** *anyname*\ **;** field at the top level.
+ * 	  Nested lock inside another struct is not allowed.
+ * 	* The **struct bpf_spin_lock** *lock* field in a map value must
+ * 	  be aligned on a multiple of 4 bytes in that value.
+ * 	* Syscall with command **BPF_MAP_LOOKUP_ELEM** does not copy
+ * 	  the **bpf_spin_lock** field to user space.
+ * 	* Syscall with command **BPF_MAP_UPDATE_ELEM**, or update from
+ * 	  a BPF program, do not update the **bpf_spin_lock** field.
+ * 	* **bpf_spin_lock** cannot be on the stack or inside a
+ * 	  networking packet (it can only be inside of a map values).
+ * 	* **bpf_spin_lock** is available to root only.
+ * 	* Tracing programs and socket filter programs cannot use
+ * 	  **bpf_spin_lock**\ () due to insufficient preemption checks
+ * 	  (but this may change in the future).
+ * 	* **bpf_spin_lock** is not allowed in inner maps of map-in-map.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_spin_lock)(struct bpf_spin_lock *lock) = (void *) 93;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_spin_unlock
+ *
+ * 	Release the *lock* previously locked by a call to
+ * 	**bpf_spin_lock**\ (\ *lock*\ ).
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0
+ */
+static long (*bpf_spin_unlock)(struct bpf_spin_lock *lock) = (void *) 94;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_fullsock
+ *
+ * 	This helper gets a **struct bpf_sock** pointer such
+ * 	that all the fields in this **bpf_sock** can be accessed.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A **struct bpf_sock** pointer on success, or **NULL** in
+ * 	case of failure.
+ */
+static struct bpf_sock *(*bpf_sk_fullsock)(struct bpf_sock *sk) = (void *) 95;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_tcp_sock
+ *
+ * 	This helper gets a **struct bpf_tcp_sock** pointer from a
+ * 	**struct bpf_sock** pointer.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A **struct bpf_tcp_sock** pointer on success, or **NULL** in
+ * 	case of failure.
+ */
+static struct bpf_tcp_sock *(*bpf_tcp_sock)(struct bpf_sock *sk) = (void *) 96;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_ecn_set_ce
+ *
+ * 	Set ECN (Explicit Congestion Notification) field of IP header
+ * 	to **CE** (Congestion Encountered) if current value is **ECT**
+ * 	(ECN Capable Transport). Otherwise, do nothing. Works with IPv6
+ * 	and IPv4.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	1 if the **CE** flag is set (either by the current helper call
+ * 	or because it was already present), 0 if it is not set.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_ecn_set_ce)(struct __sk_buff *skb) = (void *) 97;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_listener_sock
+ *
+ * 	Return a **struct bpf_sock** pointer in **TCP_LISTEN** state.
+ * 	**bpf_sk_release**\ () is unnecessary and not allowed.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A **struct bpf_sock** pointer on success, or **NULL** in
+ * 	case of failure.
+ */
+static struct bpf_sock *(*bpf_get_listener_sock)(struct bpf_sock *sk) = (void *) 98;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skc_lookup_tcp
+ *
+ * 	Look for TCP socket matching *tuple*, optionally in a child
+ * 	network namespace *netns*. The return value must be checked,
+ * 	and if non-**NULL**, released via **bpf_sk_release**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	This function is identical to **bpf_sk_lookup_tcp**\ (), except
+ * 	that it also returns timewait or request sockets. Use
+ * 	**bpf_sk_fullsock**\ () or **bpf_tcp_sock**\ () to access the
+ * 	full structure.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is available only if the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	**CONFIG_NET** configuration option.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Pointer to **struct bpf_sock**, or **NULL** in case of failure.
+ * 	For sockets with reuseport option, the **struct bpf_sock**
+ * 	result is from *reuse*\ **->socks**\ [] using the hash of the
+ * 	tuple.
+ */
+static struct bpf_sock *(*bpf_skc_lookup_tcp)(void *ctx, struct bpf_sock_tuple *tuple, __u32 tuple_size, __u64 netns, __u64 flags) = (void *) 99;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_tcp_check_syncookie
+ *
+ * 	Check whether *iph* and *th* contain a valid SYN cookie ACK for
+ * 	the listening socket in *sk*.
+ *
+ * 	*iph* points to the start of the IPv4 or IPv6 header, while
+ * 	*iph_len* contains **sizeof**\ (**struct iphdr**) or
+ * 	**sizeof**\ (**struct ip6hdr**).
+ *
+ * 	*th* points to the start of the TCP header, while *th_len*
+ * 	contains **sizeof**\ (**struct tcphdr**).
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 if *iph* and *th* are a valid SYN cookie ACK, or a negative
+ * 	error otherwise.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_tcp_check_syncookie)(struct bpf_sock *sk, void *iph, __u32 iph_len, struct tcphdr *th, __u32 th_len) = (void *) 100;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sysctl_get_name
+ *
+ * 	Get name of sysctl in /proc/sys/ and copy it into provided by
+ * 	program buffer *buf* of size *buf_len*.
+ *
+ * 	The buffer is always NUL terminated, unless it's zero-sized.
+ *
+ * 	If *flags* is zero, full name (e.g. "net/ipv4/tcp_mem") is
+ * 	copied. Use **BPF_F_SYSCTL_BASE_NAME** flag to copy base name
+ * 	only (e.g. "tcp_mem").
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Number of character copied (not including the trailing NUL).
+ *
+ * 	**-E2BIG** if the buffer wasn't big enough (*buf* will contain
+ * 	truncated name in this case).
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sysctl_get_name)(struct bpf_sysctl *ctx, char *buf, unsigned long buf_len, __u64 flags) = (void *) 101;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sysctl_get_current_value
+ *
+ * 	Get current value of sysctl as it is presented in /proc/sys
+ * 	(incl. newline, etc), and copy it as a string into provided
+ * 	by program buffer *buf* of size *buf_len*.
+ *
+ * 	The whole value is copied, no matter what file position user
+ * 	space issued e.g. sys_read at.
+ *
+ * 	The buffer is always NUL terminated, unless it's zero-sized.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Number of character copied (not including the trailing NUL).
+ *
+ * 	**-E2BIG** if the buffer wasn't big enough (*buf* will contain
+ * 	truncated name in this case).
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if current value was unavailable, e.g. because
+ * 	sysctl is uninitialized and read returns -EIO for it.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sysctl_get_current_value)(struct bpf_sysctl *ctx, char *buf, unsigned long buf_len) = (void *) 102;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sysctl_get_new_value
+ *
+ * 	Get new value being written by user space to sysctl (before
+ * 	the actual write happens) and copy it as a string into
+ * 	provided by program buffer *buf* of size *buf_len*.
+ *
+ * 	User space may write new value at file position > 0.
+ *
+ * 	The buffer is always NUL terminated, unless it's zero-sized.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Number of character copied (not including the trailing NUL).
+ *
+ * 	**-E2BIG** if the buffer wasn't big enough (*buf* will contain
+ * 	truncated name in this case).
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if sysctl is being read.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sysctl_get_new_value)(struct bpf_sysctl *ctx, char *buf, unsigned long buf_len) = (void *) 103;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sysctl_set_new_value
+ *
+ * 	Override new value being written by user space to sysctl with
+ * 	value provided by program in buffer *buf* of size *buf_len*.
+ *
+ * 	*buf* should contain a string in same form as provided by user
+ * 	space on sysctl write.
+ *
+ * 	User space may write new value at file position > 0. To override
+ * 	the whole sysctl value file position should be set to zero.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success.
+ *
+ * 	**-E2BIG** if the *buf_len* is too big.
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if sysctl is being read.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sysctl_set_new_value)(struct bpf_sysctl *ctx, const char *buf, unsigned long buf_len) = (void *) 104;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_strtol
+ *
+ * 	Convert the initial part of the string from buffer *buf* of
+ * 	size *buf_len* to a long integer according to the given base
+ * 	and save the result in *res*.
+ *
+ * 	The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space
+ * 	(as determined by **isspace**\ (3)) followed by a single
+ * 	optional '**-**' sign.
+ *
+ * 	Five least significant bits of *flags* encode base, other bits
+ * 	are currently unused.
+ *
+ * 	Base must be either 8, 10, 16 or 0 to detect it automatically
+ * 	similar to user space **strtol**\ (3).
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Number of characters consumed on success. Must be positive but
+ * 	no more than *buf_len*.
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if no valid digits were found or unsupported base
+ * 	was provided.
+ *
+ * 	**-ERANGE** if resulting value was out of range.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_strtol)(const char *buf, unsigned long buf_len, __u64 flags, long *res) = (void *) 105;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_strtoul
+ *
+ * 	Convert the initial part of the string from buffer *buf* of
+ * 	size *buf_len* to an unsigned long integer according to the
+ * 	given base and save the result in *res*.
+ *
+ * 	The string may begin with an arbitrary amount of white space
+ * 	(as determined by **isspace**\ (3)).
+ *
+ * 	Five least significant bits of *flags* encode base, other bits
+ * 	are currently unused.
+ *
+ * 	Base must be either 8, 10, 16 or 0 to detect it automatically
+ * 	similar to user space **strtoul**\ (3).
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Number of characters consumed on success. Must be positive but
+ * 	no more than *buf_len*.
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if no valid digits were found or unsupported base
+ * 	was provided.
+ *
+ * 	**-ERANGE** if resulting value was out of range.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_strtoul)(const char *buf, unsigned long buf_len, __u64 flags, unsigned long *res) = (void *) 106;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_storage_get
+ *
+ * 	Get a bpf-local-storage from a *sk*.
+ *
+ * 	Logically, it could be thought of getting the value from
+ * 	a *map* with *sk* as the **key**.  From this
+ * 	perspective,  the usage is not much different from
+ * 	**bpf_map_lookup_elem**\ (*map*, **&**\ *sk*) except this
+ * 	helper enforces the key must be a full socket and the map must
+ * 	be a **BPF_MAP_TYPE_SK_STORAGE** also.
+ *
+ * 	Underneath, the value is stored locally at *sk* instead of
+ * 	the *map*.  The *map* is used as the bpf-local-storage
+ * 	"type". The bpf-local-storage "type" (i.e. the *map*) is
+ * 	searched against all bpf-local-storages residing at *sk*.
+ *
+ * 	An optional *flags* (**BPF_SK_STORAGE_GET_F_CREATE**) can be
+ * 	used such that a new bpf-local-storage will be
+ * 	created if one does not exist.  *value* can be used
+ * 	together with **BPF_SK_STORAGE_GET_F_CREATE** to specify
+ * 	the initial value of a bpf-local-storage.  If *value* is
+ * 	**NULL**, the new bpf-local-storage will be zero initialized.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A bpf-local-storage pointer is returned on success.
+ *
+ * 	**NULL** if not found or there was an error in adding
+ * 	a new bpf-local-storage.
+ */
+static void *(*bpf_sk_storage_get)(void *map, struct bpf_sock *sk, void *value, __u64 flags) = (void *) 107;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_storage_delete
+ *
+ * 	Delete a bpf-local-storage from a *sk*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success.
+ *
+ * 	**-ENOENT** if the bpf-local-storage cannot be found.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sk_storage_delete)(void *map, struct bpf_sock *sk) = (void *) 108;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_send_signal
+ *
+ * 	Send signal *sig* to the process of the current task.
+ * 	The signal may be delivered to any of this process's threads.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success or successfully queued.
+ *
+ * 	**-EBUSY** if work queue under nmi is full.
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if *sig* is invalid.
+ *
+ * 	**-EPERM** if no permission to send the *sig*.
+ *
+ * 	**-EAGAIN** if bpf program can try again.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_send_signal)(__u32 sig) = (void *) 109;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_tcp_gen_syncookie
+ *
+ * 	Try to issue a SYN cookie for the packet with corresponding
+ * 	IP/TCP headers, *iph* and *th*, on the listening socket in *sk*.
+ *
+ * 	*iph* points to the start of the IPv4 or IPv6 header, while
+ * 	*iph_len* contains **sizeof**\ (**struct iphdr**) or
+ * 	**sizeof**\ (**struct ip6hdr**).
+ *
+ * 	*th* points to the start of the TCP header, while *th_len*
+ * 	contains the length of the TCP header.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	On success, lower 32 bits hold the generated SYN cookie in
+ * 	followed by 16 bits which hold the MSS value for that cookie,
+ * 	and the top 16 bits are unused.
+ *
+ * 	On failure, the returned value is one of the following:
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** SYN cookie cannot be issued due to error
+ *
+ * 	**-ENOENT** SYN cookie should not be issued (no SYN flood)
+ *
+ * 	**-EOPNOTSUPP** kernel configuration does not enable SYN cookies
+ *
+ * 	**-EPROTONOSUPPORT** IP packet version is not 4 or 6
+ */
+static __s64 (*bpf_tcp_gen_syncookie)(struct bpf_sock *sk, void *iph, __u32 iph_len, struct tcphdr *th, __u32 th_len) = (void *) 110;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skb_output
+ *
+ * 	Write raw *data* blob into a special BPF perf event held by
+ * 	*map* of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY**. This perf
+ * 	event must have the following attributes: **PERF_SAMPLE_RAW**
+ * 	as **sample_type**, **PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE** as **type**, and
+ * 	**PERF_COUNT_SW_BPF_OUTPUT** as **config**.
+ *
+ * 	The *flags* are used to indicate the index in *map* for which
+ * 	the value must be put, masked with **BPF_F_INDEX_MASK**.
+ * 	Alternatively, *flags* can be set to **BPF_F_CURRENT_CPU**
+ * 	to indicate that the index of the current CPU core should be
+ * 	used.
+ *
+ * 	The value to write, of *size*, is passed through eBPF stack and
+ * 	pointed by *data*.
+ *
+ * 	*ctx* is a pointer to in-kernel struct sk_buff.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is similar to **bpf_perf_event_output**\ () but
+ * 	restricted to raw_tracepoint bpf programs.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_skb_output)(void *ctx, void *map, __u64 flags, void *data, __u64 size) = (void *) 111;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_probe_read_user
+ *
+ * 	Safely attempt to read *size* bytes from user space address
+ * 	*unsafe_ptr* and store the data in *dst*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_probe_read_user)(void *dst, __u32 size, const void *unsafe_ptr) = (void *) 112;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_probe_read_kernel
+ *
+ * 	Safely attempt to read *size* bytes from kernel space address
+ * 	*unsafe_ptr* and store the data in *dst*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_probe_read_kernel)(void *dst, __u32 size, const void *unsafe_ptr) = (void *) 113;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_probe_read_user_str
+ *
+ * 	Copy a NUL terminated string from an unsafe user address
+ * 	*unsafe_ptr* to *dst*. The *size* should include the
+ * 	terminating NUL byte. In case the string length is smaller than
+ * 	*size*, the target is not padded with further NUL bytes. If the
+ * 	string length is larger than *size*, just *size*-1 bytes are
+ * 	copied and the last byte is set to NUL.
+ *
+ * 	On success, the length of the copied string is returned. This
+ * 	makes this helper useful in tracing programs for reading
+ * 	strings, and more importantly to get its length at runtime. See
+ * 	the following snippet:
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		SEC("kprobe/sys_open")
+ * 		void bpf_sys_open(struct pt_regs *ctx)
+ * 		{
+ * 		        char buf[PATHLEN]; // PATHLEN is defined to 256
+ * 		        int res = bpf_probe_read_user_str(buf, sizeof(buf),
+ * 			                                  ctx->di);
+ *
+ * 			// Consume buf, for example push it to
+ * 			// userspace via bpf_perf_event_output(); we
+ * 			// can use res (the string length) as event
+ * 			// size, after checking its boundaries.
+ * 		}
+ *
+ * 	In comparison, using **bpf_probe_read_user**\ () helper here
+ * 	instead to read the string would require to estimate the length
+ * 	at compile time, and would often result in copying more memory
+ * 	than necessary.
+ *
+ * 	Another useful use case is when parsing individual process
+ * 	arguments or individual environment variables navigating
+ * 	*current*\ **->mm->arg_start** and *current*\
+ * 	**->mm->env_start**: using this helper and the return value,
+ * 	one can quickly iterate at the right offset of the memory area.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	On success, the strictly positive length of the string,
+ * 	including the trailing NUL character. On error, a negative
+ * 	value.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_probe_read_user_str)(void *dst, __u32 size, const void *unsafe_ptr) = (void *) 114;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_probe_read_kernel_str
+ *
+ * 	Copy a NUL terminated string from an unsafe kernel address *unsafe_ptr*
+ * 	to *dst*. Same semantics as with **bpf_probe_read_user_str**\ () apply.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	On success, the strictly positive length of the string, including
+ * 	the trailing NUL character. On error, a negative value.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_probe_read_kernel_str)(void *dst, __u32 size, const void *unsafe_ptr) = (void *) 115;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_tcp_send_ack
+ *
+ * 	Send out a tcp-ack. *tp* is the in-kernel struct **tcp_sock**.
+ * 	*rcv_nxt* is the ack_seq to be sent out.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_tcp_send_ack)(void *tp, __u32 rcv_nxt) = (void *) 116;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_send_signal_thread
+ *
+ * 	Send signal *sig* to the thread corresponding to the current task.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success or successfully queued.
+ *
+ * 	**-EBUSY** if work queue under nmi is full.
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if *sig* is invalid.
+ *
+ * 	**-EPERM** if no permission to send the *sig*.
+ *
+ * 	**-EAGAIN** if bpf program can try again.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_send_signal_thread)(__u32 sig) = (void *) 117;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_jiffies64
+ *
+ * 	Obtain the 64bit jiffies
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The 64 bit jiffies
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_jiffies64)(void) = (void *) 118;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_read_branch_records
+ *
+ * 	For an eBPF program attached to a perf event, retrieve the
+ * 	branch records (**struct perf_branch_entry**) associated to *ctx*
+ * 	and store it in the buffer pointed by *buf* up to size
+ * 	*size* bytes.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	On success, number of bytes written to *buf*. On error, a
+ * 	negative value.
+ *
+ * 	The *flags* can be set to **BPF_F_GET_BRANCH_RECORDS_SIZE** to
+ * 	instead return the number of bytes required to store all the
+ * 	branch entries. If this flag is set, *buf* may be NULL.
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if arguments invalid or **size** not a multiple
+ * 	of **sizeof**\ (**struct perf_branch_entry**\ ).
+ *
+ * 	**-ENOENT** if architecture does not support branch records.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_read_branch_records)(struct bpf_perf_event_data *ctx, void *buf, __u32 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 119;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_ns_current_pid_tgid
+ *
+ * 	Returns 0 on success, values for *pid* and *tgid* as seen from the current
+ * 	*namespace* will be returned in *nsdata*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or one of the following in case of failure:
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if dev and inum supplied don't match dev_t and inode number
+ * 	with nsfs of current task, or if dev conversion to dev_t lost high bits.
+ *
+ * 	**-ENOENT** if pidns does not exists for the current task.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_get_ns_current_pid_tgid)(__u64 dev, __u64 ino, struct bpf_pidns_info *nsdata, __u32 size) = (void *) 120;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_xdp_output
+ *
+ * 	Write raw *data* blob into a special BPF perf event held by
+ * 	*map* of type **BPF_MAP_TYPE_PERF_EVENT_ARRAY**. This perf
+ * 	event must have the following attributes: **PERF_SAMPLE_RAW**
+ * 	as **sample_type**, **PERF_TYPE_SOFTWARE** as **type**, and
+ * 	**PERF_COUNT_SW_BPF_OUTPUT** as **config**.
+ *
+ * 	The *flags* are used to indicate the index in *map* for which
+ * 	the value must be put, masked with **BPF_F_INDEX_MASK**.
+ * 	Alternatively, *flags* can be set to **BPF_F_CURRENT_CPU**
+ * 	to indicate that the index of the current CPU core should be
+ * 	used.
+ *
+ * 	The value to write, of *size*, is passed through eBPF stack and
+ * 	pointed by *data*.
+ *
+ * 	*ctx* is a pointer to in-kernel struct xdp_buff.
+ *
+ * 	This helper is similar to **bpf_perf_eventoutput**\ () but
+ * 	restricted to raw_tracepoint bpf programs.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_xdp_output)(void *ctx, void *map, __u64 flags, void *data, __u64 size) = (void *) 121;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_netns_cookie
+ *
+ * 	Retrieve the cookie (generated by the kernel) of the network
+ * 	namespace the input *ctx* is associated with. The network
+ * 	namespace cookie remains stable for its lifetime and provides
+ * 	a global identifier that can be assumed unique. If *ctx* is
+ * 	NULL, then the helper returns the cookie for the initial
+ * 	network namespace. The cookie itself is very similar to that
+ * 	of **bpf_get_socket_cookie**\ () helper, but for network
+ * 	namespaces instead of sockets.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A 8-byte long opaque number.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_get_netns_cookie)(void *ctx) = (void *) 122;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_current_ancestor_cgroup_id
+ *
+ * 	Return id of cgroup v2 that is ancestor of the cgroup associated
+ * 	with the current task at the *ancestor_level*. The root cgroup
+ * 	is at *ancestor_level* zero and each step down the hierarchy
+ * 	increments the level. If *ancestor_level* == level of cgroup
+ * 	associated with the current task, then return value will be the
+ * 	same as that of **bpf_get_current_cgroup_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	The helper is useful to implement policies based on cgroups
+ * 	that are upper in hierarchy than immediate cgroup associated
+ * 	with the current task.
+ *
+ * 	The format of returned id and helper limitations are same as in
+ * 	**bpf_get_current_cgroup_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The id is returned or 0 in case the id could not be retrieved.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_get_current_ancestor_cgroup_id)(int ancestor_level) = (void *) 123;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_assign
+ *
+ * 	Assign the *sk* to the *skb*. When combined with appropriate
+ * 	routing configuration to receive the packet towards the socket,
+ * 	will cause *skb* to be delivered to the specified socket.
+ * 	Subsequent redirection of *skb* via  **bpf_redirect**\ (),
+ * 	**bpf_clone_redirect**\ () or other methods outside of BPF may
+ * 	interfere with successful delivery to the socket.
+ *
+ * 	This operation is only valid from TC ingress path.
+ *
+ * 	The *flags* argument must be zero.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure:
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if specified *flags* are not supported.
+ *
+ * 	**-ENOENT** if the socket is unavailable for assignment.
+ *
+ * 	**-ENETUNREACH** if the socket is unreachable (wrong netns).
+ *
+ * 	**-EOPNOTSUPP** if the operation is not supported, for example
+ * 	a call from outside of TC ingress.
+ *
+ * 	**-ESOCKTNOSUPPORT** if the socket type is not supported
+ * 	(reuseport).
+ */
+static long (*bpf_sk_assign)(struct __sk_buff *skb, struct bpf_sock *sk, __u64 flags) = (void *) 124;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_ktime_get_boot_ns
+ *
+ * 	Return the time elapsed since system boot, in nanoseconds.
+ * 	Does include the time the system was suspended.
+ * 	See: **clock_gettime**\ (**CLOCK_BOOTTIME**)
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Current *ktime*.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_ktime_get_boot_ns)(void) = (void *) 125;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_seq_printf
+ *
+ * 	**bpf_seq_printf**\ () uses seq_file **seq_printf**\ () to print
+ * 	out the format string.
+ * 	The *m* represents the seq_file. The *fmt* and *fmt_size* are for
+ * 	the format string itself. The *data* and *data_len* are format string
+ * 	arguments. The *data* are a **u64** array and corresponding format string
+ * 	values are stored in the array. For strings and pointers where pointees
+ * 	are accessed, only the pointer values are stored in the *data* array.
+ * 	The *data_len* is the size of *data* in bytes.
+ *
+ * 	Formats **%s**, **%p{i,I}{4,6}** requires to read kernel memory.
+ * 	Reading kernel memory may fail due to either invalid address or
+ * 	valid address but requiring a major memory fault. If reading kernel memory
+ * 	fails, the string for **%s** will be an empty string, and the ip
+ * 	address for **%p{i,I}{4,6}** will be 0. Not returning error to
+ * 	bpf program is consistent with what **bpf_trace_printk**\ () does for now.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure:
+ *
+ * 	**-EBUSY** if per-CPU memory copy buffer is busy, can try again
+ * 	by returning 1 from bpf program.
+ *
+ * 	**-EINVAL** if arguments are invalid, or if *fmt* is invalid/unsupported.
+ *
+ * 	**-E2BIG** if *fmt* contains too many format specifiers.
+ *
+ * 	**-EOVERFLOW** if an overflow happened: The same object will be tried again.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_seq_printf)(struct seq_file *m, const char *fmt, __u32 fmt_size, const void *data, __u32 data_len) = (void *) 126;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_seq_write
+ *
+ * 	**bpf_seq_write**\ () uses seq_file **seq_write**\ () to write the data.
+ * 	The *m* represents the seq_file. The *data* and *len* represent the
+ * 	data to write in bytes.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure:
+ *
+ * 	**-EOVERFLOW** if an overflow happened: The same object will be tried again.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_seq_write)(struct seq_file *m, const void *data, __u32 len) = (void *) 127;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_cgroup_id
+ *
+ * 	Return the cgroup v2 id of the socket *sk*.
+ *
+ * 	*sk* must be a non-**NULL** pointer to a full socket, e.g. one
+ * 	returned from **bpf_sk_lookup_xxx**\ (),
+ * 	**bpf_sk_fullsock**\ (), etc. The format of returned id is
+ * 	same as in **bpf_skb_cgroup_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	This helper is available only if the kernel was compiled with
+ * 	the **CONFIG_SOCK_CGROUP_DATA** configuration option.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The id is returned or 0 in case the id could not be retrieved.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_sk_cgroup_id)(struct bpf_sock *sk) = (void *) 128;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_sk_ancestor_cgroup_id
+ *
+ * 	Return id of cgroup v2 that is ancestor of cgroup associated
+ * 	with the *sk* at the *ancestor_level*.  The root cgroup is at
+ * 	*ancestor_level* zero and each step down the hierarchy
+ * 	increments the level. If *ancestor_level* == level of cgroup
+ * 	associated with *sk*, then return value will be same as that
+ * 	of **bpf_sk_cgroup_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * 	The helper is useful to implement policies based on cgroups
+ * 	that are upper in hierarchy than immediate cgroup associated
+ * 	with *sk*.
+ *
+ * 	The format of returned id and helper limitations are same as in
+ * 	**bpf_sk_cgroup_id**\ ().
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	The id is returned or 0 in case the id could not be retrieved.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_sk_ancestor_cgroup_id)(struct bpf_sock *sk, int ancestor_level) = (void *) 129;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_ringbuf_output
+ *
+ * 	Copy *size* bytes from *data* into a ring buffer *ringbuf*.
+ * 	If **BPF_RB_NO_WAKEUP** is specified in *flags*, no notification
+ * 	of new data availability is sent.
+ * 	If **BPF_RB_FORCE_WAKEUP** is specified in *flags*, notification
+ * 	of new data availability is sent unconditionally.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_ringbuf_output)(void *ringbuf, void *data, __u64 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 130;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_ringbuf_reserve
+ *
+ * 	Reserve *size* bytes of payload in a ring buffer *ringbuf*.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Valid pointer with *size* bytes of memory available; NULL,
+ * 	otherwise.
+ */
+static void *(*bpf_ringbuf_reserve)(void *ringbuf, __u64 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 131;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_ringbuf_submit
+ *
+ * 	Submit reserved ring buffer sample, pointed to by *data*.
+ * 	If **BPF_RB_NO_WAKEUP** is specified in *flags*, no notification
+ * 	of new data availability is sent.
+ * 	If **BPF_RB_FORCE_WAKEUP** is specified in *flags*, notification
+ * 	of new data availability is sent unconditionally.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Nothing. Always succeeds.
+ */
+static void (*bpf_ringbuf_submit)(void *data, __u64 flags) = (void *) 132;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_ringbuf_discard
+ *
+ * 	Discard reserved ring buffer sample, pointed to by *data*.
+ * 	If **BPF_RB_NO_WAKEUP** is specified in *flags*, no notification
+ * 	of new data availability is sent.
+ * 	If **BPF_RB_FORCE_WAKEUP** is specified in *flags*, notification
+ * 	of new data availability is sent unconditionally.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Nothing. Always succeeds.
+ */
+static void (*bpf_ringbuf_discard)(void *data, __u64 flags) = (void *) 133;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_ringbuf_query
+ *
+ * 	Query various characteristics of provided ring buffer. What
+ * 	exactly is queries is determined by *flags*:
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_RB_AVAIL_DATA**: Amount of data not yet consumed.
+ * 	* **BPF_RB_RING_SIZE**: The size of ring buffer.
+ * 	* **BPF_RB_CONS_POS**: Consumer position (can wrap around).
+ * 	* **BPF_RB_PROD_POS**: Producer(s) position (can wrap around).
+ *
+ * 	Data returned is just a momentary snapshot of actual values
+ * 	and could be inaccurate, so this facility should be used to
+ * 	power heuristics and for reporting, not to make 100% correct
+ * 	calculation.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	Requested value, or 0, if *flags* are not recognized.
+ */
+static __u64 (*bpf_ringbuf_query)(void *ringbuf, __u64 flags) = (void *) 134;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_csum_level
+ *
+ * 	Change the skbs checksum level by one layer up or down, or
+ * 	reset it entirely to none in order to have the stack perform
+ * 	checksum validation. The level is applicable to the following
+ * 	protocols: TCP, UDP, GRE, SCTP, FCOE. For example, a decap of
+ * 	| ETH | IP | UDP | GUE | IP | TCP | into | ETH | IP | TCP |
+ * 	through **bpf_skb_adjust_room**\ () helper with passing in
+ * 	**BPF_F_ADJ_ROOM_NO_CSUM_RESET** flag would require one	call
+ * 	to **bpf_csum_level**\ () with **BPF_CSUM_LEVEL_DEC** since
+ * 	the UDP header is removed. Similarly, an encap of the latter
+ * 	into the former could be accompanied by a helper call to
+ * 	**bpf_csum_level**\ () with **BPF_CSUM_LEVEL_INC** if the
+ * 	skb is still intended to be processed in higher layers of the
+ * 	stack instead of just egressing at tc.
+ *
+ * 	There are three supported level settings at this time:
+ *
+ * 	* **BPF_CSUM_LEVEL_INC**: Increases skb->csum_level for skbs
+ * 	  with CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY.
+ * 	* **BPF_CSUM_LEVEL_DEC**: Decreases skb->csum_level for skbs
+ * 	  with CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY.
+ * 	* **BPF_CSUM_LEVEL_RESET**: Resets skb->csum_level to 0 and
+ * 	  sets CHECKSUM_NONE to force checksum validation by the stack.
+ * 	* **BPF_CSUM_LEVEL_QUERY**: No-op, returns the current
+ * 	  skb->csum_level.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	0 on success, or a negative error in case of failure. In the
+ * 	case of **BPF_CSUM_LEVEL_QUERY**, the current skb->csum_level
+ * 	is returned or the error code -EACCES in case the skb is not
+ * 	subject to CHECKSUM_UNNECESSARY.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_csum_level)(struct __sk_buff *skb, __u64 level) = (void *) 135;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skc_to_tcp6_sock
+ *
+ * 	Dynamically cast a *sk* pointer to a *tcp6_sock* pointer.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	*sk* if casting is valid, or NULL otherwise.
+ */
+static struct tcp6_sock *(*bpf_skc_to_tcp6_sock)(void *sk) = (void *) 136;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skc_to_tcp_sock
+ *
+ * 	Dynamically cast a *sk* pointer to a *tcp_sock* pointer.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	*sk* if casting is valid, or NULL otherwise.
+ */
+static struct tcp_sock *(*bpf_skc_to_tcp_sock)(void *sk) = (void *) 137;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skc_to_tcp_timewait_sock
+ *
+ * 	Dynamically cast a *sk* pointer to a *tcp_timewait_sock* pointer.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	*sk* if casting is valid, or NULL otherwise.
+ */
+static struct tcp_timewait_sock *(*bpf_skc_to_tcp_timewait_sock)(void *sk) = (void *) 138;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skc_to_tcp_request_sock
+ *
+ * 	Dynamically cast a *sk* pointer to a *tcp_request_sock* pointer.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	*sk* if casting is valid, or NULL otherwise.
+ */
+static struct tcp_request_sock *(*bpf_skc_to_tcp_request_sock)(void *sk) = (void *) 139;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_skc_to_udp6_sock
+ *
+ * 	Dynamically cast a *sk* pointer to a *udp6_sock* pointer.
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	*sk* if casting is valid, or NULL otherwise.
+ */
+static struct udp6_sock *(*bpf_skc_to_udp6_sock)(void *sk) = (void *) 140;
+
+/*
+ * bpf_get_task_stack
+ *
+ * 	Return a user or a kernel stack in bpf program provided buffer.
+ * 	To achieve this, the helper needs *task*, which is a valid
+ * 	pointer to struct task_struct. To store the stacktrace, the
+ * 	bpf program provides *buf* with	a nonnegative *size*.
+ *
+ * 	The last argument, *flags*, holds the number of stack frames to
+ * 	skip (from 0 to 255), masked with
+ * 	**BPF_F_SKIP_FIELD_MASK**. The next bits can be used to set
+ * 	the following flags:
+ *
+ * 	**BPF_F_USER_STACK**
+ * 		Collect a user space stack instead of a kernel stack.
+ * 	**BPF_F_USER_BUILD_ID**
+ * 		Collect buildid+offset instead of ips for user stack,
+ * 		only valid if **BPF_F_USER_STACK** is also specified.
+ *
+ * 	**bpf_get_task_stack**\ () can collect up to
+ * 	**PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH** both kernel and user frames, subject
+ * 	to sufficient large buffer size. Note that
+ * 	this limit can be controlled with the **sysctl** program, and
+ * 	that it should be manually increased in order to profile long
+ * 	user stacks (such as stacks for Java programs). To do so, use:
+ *
+ * 	::
+ *
+ * 		# sysctl kernel.perf_event_max_stack=<new value>
+ *
+ * Returns
+ * 	A non-negative value equal to or less than *size* on success,
+ * 	or a negative error in case of failure.
+ */
+static long (*bpf_get_task_stack)(struct task_struct *task, void *buf, __u32 size, __u64 flags) = (void *) 141;
+
+
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_helpers.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_helpers.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a510d8ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_helpers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+#ifndef __BPF_HELPERS__
+#define __BPF_HELPERS__
+
+/*
+ * Note that bpf programs need to include either
+ * vmlinux.h (auto-generated from BTF) or linux/types.h
+ * in advance since bpf_helper_defs.h uses such types
+ * as __u64.
+ */
+#include "bpf_helper_defs.h"
+
+#define __uint(name, val) int (*name)[val]
+#define __type(name, val) typeof(val) *name
+#define __array(name, val) typeof(val) *name[]
+
+/* Helper macro to print out debug messages */
+#define bpf_printk(fmt, ...)				\
+({							\
+	char ____fmt[] = fmt;				\
+	bpf_trace_printk(____fmt, sizeof(____fmt),	\
+			 ##__VA_ARGS__);		\
+})
+
+/*
+ * Helper macro to place programs, maps, license in
+ * different sections in elf_bpf file. Section names
+ * are interpreted by elf_bpf loader
+ */
+#define SEC(NAME) __attribute__((section(NAME), used))
+
+#ifndef __always_inline
+#define __always_inline __attribute__((always_inline))
+#endif
+#ifndef __weak
+#define __weak __attribute__((weak))
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Helper macro to manipulate data structures
+ */
+#ifndef offsetof
+#define offsetof(TYPE, MEMBER)  ((size_t)&((TYPE *)0)->MEMBER)
+#endif
+#ifndef container_of
+#define container_of(ptr, type, member)				\
+	({							\
+		void *__mptr = (void *)(ptr);			\
+		((type *)(__mptr - offsetof(type, member)));	\
+	})
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * Helper structure used by eBPF C program
+ * to describe BPF map attributes to libbpf loader
+ */
+struct bpf_map_def {
+	unsigned int type;
+	unsigned int key_size;
+	unsigned int value_size;
+	unsigned int max_entries;
+	unsigned int map_flags;
+};
+
+enum libbpf_pin_type {
+	LIBBPF_PIN_NONE,
+	/* PIN_BY_NAME: pin maps by name (in /sys/fs/bpf by default) */
+	LIBBPF_PIN_BY_NAME,
+};
+
+enum libbpf_tristate {
+	TRI_NO = 0,
+	TRI_YES = 1,
+	TRI_MODULE = 2,
+};
+
+#define __kconfig __attribute__((section(".kconfig")))
+#define __ksym __attribute__((section(".ksyms")))
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_tracing.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_tracing.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58eceb88
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/bpf_tracing.h
@@ -0,0 +1,432 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+#ifndef __BPF_TRACING_H__
+#define __BPF_TRACING_H__
+
+/* Scan the ARCH passed in from ARCH env variable (see Makefile) */
+#if defined(__TARGET_ARCH_x86)
+	#define bpf_target_x86
+	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_s390)
+	#define bpf_target_s390
+	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_arm)
+	#define bpf_target_arm
+	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_arm64)
+	#define bpf_target_arm64
+	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_mips)
+	#define bpf_target_mips
+	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_powerpc)
+	#define bpf_target_powerpc
+	#define bpf_target_defined
+#elif defined(__TARGET_ARCH_sparc)
+	#define bpf_target_sparc
+	#define bpf_target_defined
+#else
+	#undef bpf_target_defined
+#endif
+
+/* Fall back to what the compiler says */
+#ifndef bpf_target_defined
+#if defined(__x86_64__)
+	#define bpf_target_x86
+#elif defined(__s390__)
+	#define bpf_target_s390
+#elif defined(__arm__)
+	#define bpf_target_arm
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+	#define bpf_target_arm64
+#elif defined(__mips__)
+	#define bpf_target_mips
+#elif defined(__powerpc__)
+	#define bpf_target_powerpc
+#elif defined(__sparc__)
+	#define bpf_target_sparc
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#if defined(bpf_target_x86)
+
+#if defined(__KERNEL__) || defined(__VMLINUX_H__)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->di)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->si)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->dx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->cx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->r8)
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->bp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->ax)
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->ip)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), di)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), si)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), dx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), cx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), r8)
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), sp)
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), bp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), ax)
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), ip)
+
+#else
+
+#ifdef __i386__
+/* i386 kernel is built with -mregparm=3 */
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->eax)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->edx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->ecx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) 0
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) 0
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->esp)
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->ebp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->eax)
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->esp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->eip)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), eax)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), edx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), ecx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) 0
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) 0
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), esp)
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), ebp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), eax)
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), esp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), eip)
+
+#else
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->rdi)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->rsi)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->rdx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->rcx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->r8)
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->rsp)
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->rbp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->rax)
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->rsp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->rip)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rdi)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rsi)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rdx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rcx)
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), r8)
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rsp)
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rbp)
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rax)
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rsp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), rip)
+
+#endif
+#endif
+
+#elif defined(bpf_target_s390)
+
+/* s390 provides user_pt_regs instead of struct pt_regs to userspace */
+struct pt_regs;
+#define PT_REGS_S390 const volatile user_pt_regs
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[6])
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[14])
+/* Works only with CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[11])
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->gprs[15])
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) (((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x))->psw.addr)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[6])
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[14])
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[11])
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), gprs[15])
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_S390 *)(x), psw.addr)
+
+#elif defined(bpf_target_arm)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->uregs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->uregs[1])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->uregs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->uregs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->uregs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->uregs[14])
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->uregs[11]) /* Works only with CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->uregs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->uregs[13])
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->uregs[12])
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[1])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[14])
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[11])
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[13])
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), uregs[12])
+
+#elif defined(bpf_target_arm64)
+
+/* arm64 provides struct user_pt_regs instead of struct pt_regs to userspace */
+struct pt_regs;
+#define PT_REGS_ARM64 const volatile struct user_pt_regs
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[1])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[30])
+/* Works only with CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[29])
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->regs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) (((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x))->pc)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[1])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[30])
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[29])
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), regs[0])
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((PT_REGS_ARM64 *)(x), pc)
+
+#elif defined(bpf_target_mips)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->regs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->regs[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->regs[6])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->regs[7])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->regs[8])
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->regs[31])
+#define PT_REGS_FP(x) ((x)->regs[30]) /* Works only with CONFIG_FRAME_POINTER */
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->regs[1])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->regs[29])
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->cp0_epc)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[6])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[7])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[8])
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[31])
+#define PT_REGS_FP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[30])
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[1])
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), regs[29])
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), cp0_epc)
+
+#elif defined(bpf_target_powerpc)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->gpr[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->gpr[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->gpr[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->gpr[6])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->gpr[7])
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->gpr[3])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->nip)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), gpr[3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), gpr[4])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), gpr[5])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), gpr[6])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), gpr[7])
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), gpr[3])
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), sp)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), nip)
+
+#elif defined(bpf_target_sparc)
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_I0])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_I1])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_I2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_I3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_I4])
+#define PT_REGS_RET(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_I7])
+#define PT_REGS_RC(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_I0])
+#define PT_REGS_SP(x) ((x)->u_regs[UREG_FP])
+
+#define PT_REGS_PARM1_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_I0])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM2_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_I1])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM3_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_I2])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM4_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_I3])
+#define PT_REGS_PARM5_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_I4])
+#define PT_REGS_RET_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_I7])
+#define PT_REGS_RC_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_I0])
+#define PT_REGS_SP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), u_regs[UREG_FP])
+
+/* Should this also be a bpf_target check for the sparc case? */
+#if defined(__arch64__)
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->tpc)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), tpc)
+#else
+#define PT_REGS_IP(x) ((x)->pc)
+#define PT_REGS_IP_CORE(x) BPF_CORE_READ((x), pc)
+#endif
+
+#endif
+
+#if defined(bpf_target_powerpc)
+#define BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP(ip, ctx)		({ (ip) = (ctx)->link; })
+#define BPF_KRETPROBE_READ_RET_IP		BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP
+#elif defined(bpf_target_sparc)
+#define BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP(ip, ctx)		({ (ip) = PT_REGS_RET(ctx); })
+#define BPF_KRETPROBE_READ_RET_IP		BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP
+#else
+#define BPF_KPROBE_READ_RET_IP(ip, ctx)					    \
+	({ bpf_probe_read(&(ip), sizeof(ip), (void *)PT_REGS_RET(ctx)); })
+#define BPF_KRETPROBE_READ_RET_IP(ip, ctx)				    \
+	({ bpf_probe_read(&(ip), sizeof(ip),				    \
+			  (void *)(PT_REGS_FP(ctx) + sizeof(ip))); })
+#endif
+
+#define ___bpf_concat(a, b) a ## b
+#define ___bpf_apply(fn, n) ___bpf_concat(fn, n)
+#define ___bpf_nth(_, _1, _2, _3, _4, _5, _6, _7, _8, _9, _a, _b, _c, N, ...) N
+#define ___bpf_narg(...) \
+	___bpf_nth(_, ##__VA_ARGS__, 12, 11, 10, 9, 8, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0)
+#define ___bpf_empty(...) \
+	___bpf_nth(_, ##__VA_ARGS__, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, N, 0)
+
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast0() ctx
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast1(x) ___bpf_ctx_cast0(), (void *)ctx[0]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast2(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast1(args), (void *)ctx[1]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast3(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast2(args), (void *)ctx[2]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast4(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast3(args), (void *)ctx[3]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast5(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast4(args), (void *)ctx[4]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast6(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast5(args), (void *)ctx[5]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast7(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast6(args), (void *)ctx[6]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast8(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast7(args), (void *)ctx[7]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast9(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast8(args), (void *)ctx[8]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast10(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast9(args), (void *)ctx[9]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast11(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast10(args), (void *)ctx[10]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast12(x, args...) ___bpf_ctx_cast11(args), (void *)ctx[11]
+#define ___bpf_ctx_cast(args...) \
+	___bpf_apply(___bpf_ctx_cast, ___bpf_narg(args))(args)
+
+/*
+ * BPF_PROG is a convenience wrapper for generic tp_btf/fentry/fexit and
+ * similar kinds of BPF programs, that accept input arguments as a single
+ * pointer to untyped u64 array, where each u64 can actually be a typed
+ * pointer or integer of different size. Instead of requring user to write
+ * manual casts and work with array elements by index, BPF_PROG macro
+ * allows user to declare a list of named and typed input arguments in the
+ * same syntax as for normal C function. All the casting is hidden and
+ * performed transparently, while user code can just assume working with
+ * function arguments of specified type and name.
+ *
+ * Original raw context argument is preserved as well as 'ctx' argument.
+ * This is useful when using BPF helpers that expect original context
+ * as one of the parameters (e.g., for bpf_perf_event_output()).
+ */
+#define BPF_PROG(name, args...)						    \
+name(unsigned long long *ctx);						    \
+static __attribute__((always_inline)) typeof(name(0))			    \
+____##name(unsigned long long *ctx, ##args);				    \
+typeof(name(0)) name(unsigned long long *ctx)				    \
+{									    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic push")					    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wint-conversion\"")		    \
+	return ____##name(___bpf_ctx_cast(args));			    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")					    \
+}									    \
+static __attribute__((always_inline)) typeof(name(0))			    \
+____##name(unsigned long long *ctx, ##args)
+
+struct pt_regs;
+
+#define ___bpf_kprobe_args0() ctx
+#define ___bpf_kprobe_args1(x) \
+	___bpf_kprobe_args0(), (void *)PT_REGS_PARM1(ctx)
+#define ___bpf_kprobe_args2(x, args...) \
+	___bpf_kprobe_args1(args), (void *)PT_REGS_PARM2(ctx)
+#define ___bpf_kprobe_args3(x, args...) \
+	___bpf_kprobe_args2(args), (void *)PT_REGS_PARM3(ctx)
+#define ___bpf_kprobe_args4(x, args...) \
+	___bpf_kprobe_args3(args), (void *)PT_REGS_PARM4(ctx)
+#define ___bpf_kprobe_args5(x, args...) \
+	___bpf_kprobe_args4(args), (void *)PT_REGS_PARM5(ctx)
+#define ___bpf_kprobe_args(args...) \
+	___bpf_apply(___bpf_kprobe_args, ___bpf_narg(args))(args)
+
+/*
+ * BPF_KPROBE serves the same purpose for kprobes as BPF_PROG for
+ * tp_btf/fentry/fexit BPF programs. It hides the underlying platform-specific
+ * low-level way of getting kprobe input arguments from struct pt_regs, and
+ * provides a familiar typed and named function arguments syntax and
+ * semantics of accessing kprobe input paremeters.
+ *
+ * Original struct pt_regs* context is preserved as 'ctx' argument. This might
+ * be necessary when using BPF helpers like bpf_perf_event_output().
+ */
+#define BPF_KPROBE(name, args...)					    \
+name(struct pt_regs *ctx);						    \
+static __attribute__((always_inline)) typeof(name(0))			    \
+____##name(struct pt_regs *ctx, ##args);				    \
+typeof(name(0)) name(struct pt_regs *ctx)				    \
+{									    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic push")					    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wint-conversion\"")		    \
+	return ____##name(___bpf_kprobe_args(args));			    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")					    \
+}									    \
+static __attribute__((always_inline)) typeof(name(0))			    \
+____##name(struct pt_regs *ctx, ##args)
+
+#define ___bpf_kretprobe_args0() ctx
+#define ___bpf_kretprobe_args1(x) \
+	___bpf_kretprobe_args0(), (void *)PT_REGS_RC(ctx)
+#define ___bpf_kretprobe_args(args...) \
+	___bpf_apply(___bpf_kretprobe_args, ___bpf_narg(args))(args)
+
+/*
+ * BPF_KRETPROBE is similar to BPF_KPROBE, except, it only provides optional
+ * return value (in addition to `struct pt_regs *ctx`), but no input
+ * arguments, because they will be clobbered by the time probed function
+ * returns.
+ */
+#define BPF_KRETPROBE(name, args...)					    \
+name(struct pt_regs *ctx);						    \
+static __attribute__((always_inline)) typeof(name(0))			    \
+____##name(struct pt_regs *ctx, ##args);				    \
+typeof(name(0)) name(struct pt_regs *ctx)				    \
+{									    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic push")					    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wint-conversion\"")		    \
+	return ____##name(___bpf_kretprobe_args(args));			    \
+	_Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")					    \
+}									    \
+static __always_inline typeof(name(0)) ____##name(struct pt_regs *ctx, ##args)
+
+/*
+ * BPF_SEQ_PRINTF to wrap bpf_seq_printf to-be-printed values
+ * in a structure.
+ */
+#define BPF_SEQ_PRINTF(seq, fmt, args...)				    \
+	({								    \
+		_Pragma("GCC diagnostic push")				    \
+		_Pragma("GCC diagnostic ignored \"-Wint-conversion\"")	    \
+		static const char ___fmt[] = fmt;			    \
+		unsigned long long ___param[] = { args };		    \
+		_Pragma("GCC diagnostic pop")				    \
+		int ___ret = bpf_seq_printf(seq, ___fmt, sizeof(___fmt),    \
+					    ___param, sizeof(___param));    \
+		___ret;							    \
+	})
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/btf.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/btf.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a3b7ef9b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/btf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,340 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+/* Copyright (c) 2018 Facebook */
+
+#ifndef __LIBBPF_BTF_H
+#define __LIBBPF_BTF_H
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <linux/btf.h>
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+#include "libbpf_common.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+#define BTF_ELF_SEC ".BTF"
+#define BTF_EXT_ELF_SEC ".BTF.ext"
+#define MAPS_ELF_SEC ".maps"
+
+struct btf;
+struct btf_ext;
+struct btf_type;
+
+struct bpf_object;
+
+/*
+ * The .BTF.ext ELF section layout defined as
+ *   struct btf_ext_header
+ *   func_info subsection
+ *
+ * The func_info subsection layout:
+ *   record size for struct bpf_func_info in the func_info subsection
+ *   struct btf_sec_func_info for section #1
+ *   a list of bpf_func_info records for section #1
+ *     where struct bpf_func_info mimics one in include/uapi/linux/bpf.h
+ *     but may not be identical
+ *   struct btf_sec_func_info for section #2
+ *   a list of bpf_func_info records for section #2
+ *   ......
+ *
+ * Note that the bpf_func_info record size in .BTF.ext may not
+ * be the same as the one defined in include/uapi/linux/bpf.h.
+ * The loader should ensure that record_size meets minimum
+ * requirement and pass the record as is to the kernel. The
+ * kernel will handle the func_info properly based on its contents.
+ */
+struct btf_ext_header {
+	__u16	magic;
+	__u8	version;
+	__u8	flags;
+	__u32	hdr_len;
+
+	/* All offsets are in bytes relative to the end of this header */
+	__u32	func_info_off;
+	__u32	func_info_len;
+	__u32	line_info_off;
+	__u32	line_info_len;
+
+	/* optional part of .BTF.ext header */
+	__u32	field_reloc_off;
+	__u32	field_reloc_len;
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API void btf__free(struct btf *btf);
+LIBBPF_API struct btf *btf__new(const void *data, __u32 size);
+LIBBPF_API struct btf *btf__parse_elf(const char *path,
+				      struct btf_ext **btf_ext);
+LIBBPF_API int btf__finalize_data(struct bpf_object *obj, struct btf *btf);
+LIBBPF_API int btf__load(struct btf *btf);
+LIBBPF_API __s32 btf__find_by_name(const struct btf *btf,
+				   const char *type_name);
+LIBBPF_API __s32 btf__find_by_name_kind(const struct btf *btf,
+					const char *type_name, __u32 kind);
+LIBBPF_API __u32 btf__get_nr_types(const struct btf *btf);
+LIBBPF_API const struct btf_type *btf__type_by_id(const struct btf *btf,
+						  __u32 id);
+LIBBPF_API __s64 btf__resolve_size(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id);
+LIBBPF_API int btf__resolve_type(const struct btf *btf, __u32 type_id);
+LIBBPF_API int btf__align_of(const struct btf *btf, __u32 id);
+LIBBPF_API int btf__fd(const struct btf *btf);
+LIBBPF_API void btf__set_fd(struct btf *btf, int fd);
+LIBBPF_API const void *btf__get_raw_data(const struct btf *btf, __u32 *size);
+LIBBPF_API const char *btf__name_by_offset(const struct btf *btf, __u32 offset);
+LIBBPF_API int btf__get_from_id(__u32 id, struct btf **btf);
+LIBBPF_API int btf__get_map_kv_tids(const struct btf *btf, const char *map_name,
+				    __u32 expected_key_size,
+				    __u32 expected_value_size,
+				    __u32 *key_type_id, __u32 *value_type_id);
+
+LIBBPF_API struct btf_ext *btf_ext__new(__u8 *data, __u32 size);
+LIBBPF_API void btf_ext__free(struct btf_ext *btf_ext);
+LIBBPF_API const void *btf_ext__get_raw_data(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
+					     __u32 *size);
+LIBBPF_API int btf_ext__reloc_func_info(const struct btf *btf,
+					const struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
+					const char *sec_name, __u32 insns_cnt,
+					void **func_info, __u32 *cnt);
+LIBBPF_API int btf_ext__reloc_line_info(const struct btf *btf,
+					const struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
+					const char *sec_name, __u32 insns_cnt,
+					void **line_info, __u32 *cnt);
+LIBBPF_API __u32 btf_ext__func_info_rec_size(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext);
+LIBBPF_API __u32 btf_ext__line_info_rec_size(const struct btf_ext *btf_ext);
+
+LIBBPF_API struct btf *libbpf_find_kernel_btf(void);
+
+struct btf_dedup_opts {
+	unsigned int dedup_table_size;
+	bool dont_resolve_fwds;
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API int btf__dedup(struct btf *btf, struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
+			  const struct btf_dedup_opts *opts);
+
+struct btf_dump;
+
+struct btf_dump_opts {
+	void *ctx;
+};
+
+typedef void (*btf_dump_printf_fn_t)(void *ctx, const char *fmt, va_list args);
+
+LIBBPF_API struct btf_dump *btf_dump__new(const struct btf *btf,
+					  const struct btf_ext *btf_ext,
+					  const struct btf_dump_opts *opts,
+					  btf_dump_printf_fn_t printf_fn);
+LIBBPF_API void btf_dump__free(struct btf_dump *d);
+
+LIBBPF_API int btf_dump__dump_type(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id);
+
+struct btf_dump_emit_type_decl_opts {
+	/* size of this struct, for forward/backward compatiblity */
+	size_t sz;
+	/* optional field name for type declaration, e.g.:
+	 * - struct my_struct <FNAME>
+	 * - void (*<FNAME>)(int)
+	 * - char (*<FNAME>)[123]
+	 */
+	const char *field_name;
+	/* extra indentation level (in number of tabs) to emit for multi-line
+	 * type declarations (e.g., anonymous struct); applies for lines
+	 * starting from the second one (first line is assumed to have
+	 * necessary indentation already
+	 */
+	int indent_level;
+};
+#define btf_dump_emit_type_decl_opts__last_field indent_level
+
+LIBBPF_API int
+btf_dump__emit_type_decl(struct btf_dump *d, __u32 id,
+			 const struct btf_dump_emit_type_decl_opts *opts);
+
+/*
+ * A set of helpers for easier BTF types handling
+ */
+static inline __u16 btf_kind(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return BTF_INFO_KIND(t->info);
+}
+
+static inline __u16 btf_vlen(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return BTF_INFO_VLEN(t->info);
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_kflag(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return BTF_INFO_KFLAG(t->info);
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_void(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_UNKN;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_int(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_INT;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_ptr(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_PTR;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_array(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_ARRAY;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_struct(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_STRUCT;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_union(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_UNION;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_composite(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	__u16 kind = btf_kind(t);
+
+	return kind == BTF_KIND_STRUCT || kind == BTF_KIND_UNION;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_enum(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_ENUM;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_fwd(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_FWD;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_typedef(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_TYPEDEF;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_volatile(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_VOLATILE;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_const(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_CONST;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_restrict(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_RESTRICT;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_mod(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	__u16 kind = btf_kind(t);
+
+	return kind == BTF_KIND_VOLATILE ||
+	       kind == BTF_KIND_CONST ||
+	       kind == BTF_KIND_RESTRICT;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_func(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_FUNC;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_func_proto(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_FUNC_PROTO;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_var(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_VAR;
+}
+
+static inline bool btf_is_datasec(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return btf_kind(t) == BTF_KIND_DATASEC;
+}
+
+static inline __u8 btf_int_encoding(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return BTF_INT_ENCODING(*(__u32 *)(t + 1));
+}
+
+static inline __u8 btf_int_offset(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return BTF_INT_OFFSET(*(__u32 *)(t + 1));
+}
+
+static inline __u8 btf_int_bits(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return BTF_INT_BITS(*(__u32 *)(t + 1));
+}
+
+static inline struct btf_array *btf_array(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return (struct btf_array *)(t + 1);
+}
+
+static inline struct btf_enum *btf_enum(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return (struct btf_enum *)(t + 1);
+}
+
+static inline struct btf_member *btf_members(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return (struct btf_member *)(t + 1);
+}
+
+/* Get bit offset of a member with specified index. */
+static inline __u32 btf_member_bit_offset(const struct btf_type *t,
+					  __u32 member_idx)
+{
+	const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t) + member_idx;
+	bool kflag = btf_kflag(t);
+
+	return kflag ? BTF_MEMBER_BIT_OFFSET(m->offset) : m->offset;
+}
+/*
+ * Get bitfield size of a member, assuming t is BTF_KIND_STRUCT or
+ * BTF_KIND_UNION. If member is not a bitfield, zero is returned.
+ */
+static inline __u32 btf_member_bitfield_size(const struct btf_type *t,
+					     __u32 member_idx)
+{
+	const struct btf_member *m = btf_members(t) + member_idx;
+	bool kflag = btf_kflag(t);
+
+	return kflag ? BTF_MEMBER_BITFIELD_SIZE(m->offset) : 0;
+}
+
+static inline struct btf_param *btf_params(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return (struct btf_param *)(t + 1);
+}
+
+static inline struct btf_var *btf_var(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return (struct btf_var *)(t + 1);
+}
+
+static inline struct btf_var_secinfo *
+btf_var_secinfos(const struct btf_type *t)
+{
+	return (struct btf_var_secinfo *)(t + 1);
+}
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __LIBBPF_BTF_H */
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2335971e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf.h
@@ -0,0 +1,750 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+
+/*
+ * Common eBPF ELF object loading operations.
+ *
+ * Copyright (C) 2013-2015 Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 Wang Nan <wangnan0@huawei.com>
+ * Copyright (C) 2015 Huawei Inc.
+ */
+#ifndef __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_H
+#define __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_H
+
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>  // for size_t
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+
+#include "libbpf_common.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+enum libbpf_errno {
+	__LIBBPF_ERRNO__START = 4000,
+
+	/* Something wrong in libelf */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__LIBELF = __LIBBPF_ERRNO__START,
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__FORMAT,	/* BPF object format invalid */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__KVERSION,	/* Incorrect or no 'version' section */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__ENDIAN,	/* Endian mismatch */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__INTERNAL,	/* Internal error in libbpf */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__RELOC,	/* Relocation failed */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__LOAD,	/* Load program failure for unknown reason */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__VERIFY,	/* Kernel verifier blocks program loading */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__PROG2BIG,	/* Program too big */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__KVER,	/* Incorrect kernel version */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__PROGTYPE,	/* Kernel doesn't support this program type */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__WRNGPID,	/* Wrong pid in netlink message */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__INVSEQ,	/* Invalid netlink sequence */
+	LIBBPF_ERRNO__NLPARSE,	/* netlink parsing error */
+	__LIBBPF_ERRNO__END,
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API int libbpf_strerror(int err, char *buf, size_t size);
+
+enum libbpf_print_level {
+        LIBBPF_WARN,
+        LIBBPF_INFO,
+        LIBBPF_DEBUG,
+};
+
+typedef int (*libbpf_print_fn_t)(enum libbpf_print_level level,
+				 const char *, va_list ap);
+
+LIBBPF_API libbpf_print_fn_t libbpf_set_print(libbpf_print_fn_t fn);
+
+/* Hide internal to user */
+struct bpf_object;
+
+struct bpf_object_open_attr {
+	const char *file;
+	enum bpf_prog_type prog_type;
+};
+
+struct bpf_object_open_opts {
+	/* size of this struct, for forward/backward compatiblity */
+	size_t sz;
+	/* object name override, if provided:
+	 * - for object open from file, this will override setting object
+	 *   name from file path's base name;
+	 * - for object open from memory buffer, this will specify an object
+	 *   name and will override default "<addr>-<buf-size>" name;
+	 */
+	const char *object_name;
+	/* parse map definitions non-strictly, allowing extra attributes/data */
+	bool relaxed_maps;
+	/* DEPRECATED: handle CO-RE relocations non-strictly, allowing failures.
+	 * Value is ignored. Relocations always are processed non-strictly.
+	 * Non-relocatable instructions are replaced with invalid ones to
+	 * prevent accidental errors.
+	 * */
+	bool relaxed_core_relocs;
+	/* maps that set the 'pinning' attribute in their definition will have
+	 * their pin_path attribute set to a file in this directory, and be
+	 * auto-pinned to that path on load; defaults to "/sys/fs/bpf".
+	 */
+	const char *pin_root_path;
+	__u32 attach_prog_fd;
+	/* Additional kernel config content that augments and overrides
+	 * system Kconfig for CONFIG_xxx externs.
+	 */
+	const char *kconfig;
+};
+#define bpf_object_open_opts__last_field kconfig
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *bpf_object__open(const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *
+bpf_object__open_file(const char *path, const struct bpf_object_open_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *
+bpf_object__open_mem(const void *obj_buf, size_t obj_buf_sz,
+		     const struct bpf_object_open_opts *opts);
+
+/* deprecated bpf_object__open variants */
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *
+bpf_object__open_buffer(const void *obj_buf, size_t obj_buf_sz,
+			const char *name);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *
+bpf_object__open_xattr(struct bpf_object_open_attr *attr);
+
+enum libbpf_pin_type {
+	LIBBPF_PIN_NONE,
+	/* PIN_BY_NAME: pin maps by name (in /sys/fs/bpf by default) */
+	LIBBPF_PIN_BY_NAME,
+};
+
+/* pin_maps and unpin_maps can both be called with a NULL path, in which case
+ * they will use the pin_path attribute of each map (and ignore all maps that
+ * don't have a pin_path set).
+ */
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__pin_maps(struct bpf_object *obj, const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__unpin_maps(struct bpf_object *obj,
+				      const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__pin_programs(struct bpf_object *obj,
+					const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__unpin_programs(struct bpf_object *obj,
+					  const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__pin(struct bpf_object *object, const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_object__close(struct bpf_object *object);
+
+struct bpf_object_load_attr {
+	struct bpf_object *obj;
+	int log_level;
+	const char *target_btf_path;
+};
+
+/* Load/unload object into/from kernel */
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__load(struct bpf_object *obj);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__load_xattr(struct bpf_object_load_attr *attr);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__unload(struct bpf_object *obj);
+
+LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_object__name(const struct bpf_object *obj);
+LIBBPF_API unsigned int bpf_object__kversion(const struct bpf_object *obj);
+
+struct btf;
+LIBBPF_API struct btf *bpf_object__btf(const struct bpf_object *obj);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__btf_fd(const struct bpf_object *obj);
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *
+bpf_object__find_program_by_title(const struct bpf_object *obj,
+				  const char *title);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *
+bpf_object__find_program_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj,
+				 const char *name);
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_object *bpf_object__next(struct bpf_object *prev);
+#define bpf_object__for_each_safe(pos, tmp)			\
+	for ((pos) = bpf_object__next(NULL),		\
+		(tmp) = bpf_object__next(pos);		\
+	     (pos) != NULL;				\
+	     (pos) = (tmp), (tmp) = bpf_object__next(tmp))
+
+typedef void (*bpf_object_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_object *, void *);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__set_priv(struct bpf_object *obj, void *priv,
+				    bpf_object_clear_priv_t clear_priv);
+LIBBPF_API void *bpf_object__priv(const struct bpf_object *prog);
+
+LIBBPF_API int
+libbpf_prog_type_by_name(const char *name, enum bpf_prog_type *prog_type,
+			 enum bpf_attach_type *expected_attach_type);
+LIBBPF_API int libbpf_attach_type_by_name(const char *name,
+					  enum bpf_attach_type *attach_type);
+LIBBPF_API int libbpf_find_vmlinux_btf_id(const char *name,
+					  enum bpf_attach_type attach_type);
+
+/* Accessors of bpf_program */
+struct bpf_program;
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *bpf_program__next(struct bpf_program *prog,
+						 const struct bpf_object *obj);
+
+#define bpf_object__for_each_program(pos, obj)		\
+	for ((pos) = bpf_program__next(NULL, (obj));	\
+	     (pos) != NULL;				\
+	     (pos) = bpf_program__next((pos), (obj)))
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_program *bpf_program__prev(struct bpf_program *prog,
+						 const struct bpf_object *obj);
+
+typedef void (*bpf_program_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_program *, void *);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_priv(struct bpf_program *prog, void *priv,
+				     bpf_program_clear_priv_t clear_priv);
+
+LIBBPF_API void *bpf_program__priv(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_program__set_ifindex(struct bpf_program *prog,
+					 __u32 ifindex);
+
+LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_program__name(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_program__title(const struct bpf_program *prog,
+					  bool needs_copy);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__autoload(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_autoload(struct bpf_program *prog, bool autoload);
+
+/* returns program size in bytes */
+LIBBPF_API size_t bpf_program__size(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__load(struct bpf_program *prog, char *license,
+				 __u32 kern_version);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__fd(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__pin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog,
+					 const char *path,
+					 int instance);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__unpin_instance(struct bpf_program *prog,
+					   const char *path,
+					   int instance);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__pin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__unpin(struct bpf_program *prog, const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_program__unload(struct bpf_program *prog);
+
+struct bpf_link;
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *bpf_link__open(const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link__fd(const struct bpf_link *link);
+LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_link__pin_path(const struct bpf_link *link);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link__pin(struct bpf_link *link, const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link__unpin(struct bpf_link *link);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link__update_program(struct bpf_link *link,
+					struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_link__disconnect(struct bpf_link *link);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_link__destroy(struct bpf_link *link);
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_perf_event(struct bpf_program *prog, int pfd);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_kprobe(struct bpf_program *prog, bool retprobe,
+			   const char *func_name);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_uprobe(struct bpf_program *prog, bool retprobe,
+			   pid_t pid, const char *binary_path,
+			   size_t func_offset);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog,
+			       const char *tp_category,
+			       const char *tp_name);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_raw_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog,
+				   const char *tp_name);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_trace(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_lsm(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_cgroup(struct bpf_program *prog, int cgroup_fd);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_netns(struct bpf_program *prog, int netns_fd);
+
+struct bpf_map;
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *bpf_map__attach_struct_ops(struct bpf_map *map);
+
+struct bpf_iter_attach_opts {
+	size_t sz; /* size of this struct for forward/backward compatibility */
+};
+#define bpf_iter_attach_opts__last_field sz
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_link *
+bpf_program__attach_iter(struct bpf_program *prog,
+			 const struct bpf_iter_attach_opts *opts);
+
+struct bpf_insn;
+
+/*
+ * Libbpf allows callers to adjust BPF programs before being loaded
+ * into kernel. One program in an object file can be transformed into
+ * multiple variants to be attached to different hooks.
+ *
+ * bpf_program_prep_t, bpf_program__set_prep and bpf_program__nth_fd
+ * form an API for this purpose.
+ *
+ * - bpf_program_prep_t:
+ *   Defines a 'preprocessor', which is a caller defined function
+ *   passed to libbpf through bpf_program__set_prep(), and will be
+ *   called before program is loaded. The processor should adjust
+ *   the program one time for each instance according to the instance id
+ *   passed to it.
+ *
+ * - bpf_program__set_prep:
+ *   Attaches a preprocessor to a BPF program. The number of instances
+ *   that should be created is also passed through this function.
+ *
+ * - bpf_program__nth_fd:
+ *   After the program is loaded, get resulting FD of a given instance
+ *   of the BPF program.
+ *
+ * If bpf_program__set_prep() is not used, the program would be loaded
+ * without adjustment during bpf_object__load(). The program has only
+ * one instance. In this case bpf_program__fd(prog) is equal to
+ * bpf_program__nth_fd(prog, 0).
+ */
+
+struct bpf_prog_prep_result {
+	/*
+	 * If not NULL, load new instruction array.
+	 * If set to NULL, don't load this instance.
+	 */
+	struct bpf_insn *new_insn_ptr;
+	int new_insn_cnt;
+
+	/* If not NULL, result FD is written to it. */
+	int *pfd;
+};
+
+/*
+ * Parameters of bpf_program_prep_t:
+ *  - prog:	The bpf_program being loaded.
+ *  - n:	Index of instance being generated.
+ *  - insns:	BPF instructions array.
+ *  - insns_cnt:Number of instructions in insns.
+ *  - res:	Output parameter, result of transformation.
+ *
+ * Return value:
+ *  - Zero:	pre-processing success.
+ *  - Non-zero:	pre-processing error, stop loading.
+ */
+typedef int (*bpf_program_prep_t)(struct bpf_program *prog, int n,
+				  struct bpf_insn *insns, int insns_cnt,
+				  struct bpf_prog_prep_result *res);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_prep(struct bpf_program *prog, int nr_instance,
+				     bpf_program_prep_t prep);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__nth_fd(const struct bpf_program *prog, int n);
+
+/*
+ * Adjust type of BPF program. Default is kprobe.
+ */
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_socket_filter(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_raw_tracepoint(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_kprobe(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_lsm(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_sched_cls(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_sched_act(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_xdp(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_perf_event(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_tracing(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_struct_ops(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_program__set_extension(struct bpf_program *prog);
+
+LIBBPF_API enum bpf_prog_type bpf_program__get_type(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_program__set_type(struct bpf_program *prog,
+				      enum bpf_prog_type type);
+
+LIBBPF_API enum bpf_attach_type
+bpf_program__get_expected_attach_type(struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API void
+bpf_program__set_expected_attach_type(struct bpf_program *prog,
+				      enum bpf_attach_type type);
+
+LIBBPF_API int
+bpf_program__set_attach_target(struct bpf_program *prog, int attach_prog_fd,
+			       const char *attach_func_name);
+
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_socket_filter(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_tracepoint(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_raw_tracepoint(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_kprobe(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_lsm(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_sched_cls(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_sched_act(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_xdp(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_perf_event(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_tracing(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_struct_ops(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_program__is_extension(const struct bpf_program *prog);
+
+/*
+ * No need for __attribute__((packed)), all members of 'bpf_map_def'
+ * are all aligned.  In addition, using __attribute__((packed))
+ * would trigger a -Wpacked warning message, and lead to an error
+ * if -Werror is set.
+ */
+struct bpf_map_def {
+	unsigned int type;
+	unsigned int key_size;
+	unsigned int value_size;
+	unsigned int max_entries;
+	unsigned int map_flags;
+};
+
+/*
+ * The 'struct bpf_map' in include/linux/bpf.h is internal to the kernel,
+ * so no need to worry about a name clash.
+ */
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
+bpf_object__find_map_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name);
+
+LIBBPF_API int
+bpf_object__find_map_fd_by_name(const struct bpf_object *obj, const char *name);
+
+/*
+ * Get bpf_map through the offset of corresponding struct bpf_map_def
+ * in the BPF object file.
+ */
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
+bpf_object__find_map_by_offset(struct bpf_object *obj, size_t offset);
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
+bpf_map__next(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
+#define bpf_object__for_each_map(pos, obj)		\
+	for ((pos) = bpf_map__next(NULL, (obj));	\
+	     (pos) != NULL;				\
+	     (pos) = bpf_map__next((pos), (obj)))
+#define bpf_map__for_each bpf_object__for_each_map
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_map *
+bpf_map__prev(const struct bpf_map *map, const struct bpf_object *obj);
+
+/* get/set map FD */
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__fd(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__reuse_fd(struct bpf_map *map, int fd);
+/* get map definition */
+LIBBPF_API const struct bpf_map_def *bpf_map__def(const struct bpf_map *map);
+/* get map name */
+LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_map__name(const struct bpf_map *map);
+/* get/set map type */
+LIBBPF_API enum bpf_map_type bpf_map__type(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_type(struct bpf_map *map, enum bpf_map_type type);
+/* get/set map size (max_entries) */
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__max_entries(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_max_entries(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 max_entries);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__resize(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 max_entries);
+/* get/set map flags */
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__map_flags(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_map_flags(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 flags);
+/* get/set map NUMA node */
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__numa_node(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_numa_node(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 numa_node);
+/* get/set map key size */
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__key_size(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_key_size(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 size);
+/* get/set map value size */
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__value_size(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_value_size(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 size);
+/* get map key/value BTF type IDs */
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__btf_key_type_id(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__btf_value_type_id(const struct bpf_map *map);
+/* get/set map if_index */
+LIBBPF_API __u32 bpf_map__ifindex(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_ifindex(struct bpf_map *map, __u32 ifindex);
+
+typedef void (*bpf_map_clear_priv_t)(struct bpf_map *, void *);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_priv(struct bpf_map *map, void *priv,
+				 bpf_map_clear_priv_t clear_priv);
+LIBBPF_API void *bpf_map__priv(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_initial_value(struct bpf_map *map,
+					  const void *data, size_t size);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_map__is_offload_neutral(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_map__is_internal(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_pin_path(struct bpf_map *map, const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API const char *bpf_map__get_pin_path(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_map__is_pinned(const struct bpf_map *map);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__pin(struct bpf_map *map, const char *path);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__unpin(struct bpf_map *map, const char *path);
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_map__set_inner_map_fd(struct bpf_map *map, int fd);
+
+LIBBPF_API long libbpf_get_error(const void *ptr);
+
+struct bpf_prog_load_attr {
+	const char *file;
+	enum bpf_prog_type prog_type;
+	enum bpf_attach_type expected_attach_type;
+	int ifindex;
+	int log_level;
+	int prog_flags;
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_load_xattr(const struct bpf_prog_load_attr *attr,
+				   struct bpf_object **pobj, int *prog_fd);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_prog_load(const char *file, enum bpf_prog_type type,
+			     struct bpf_object **pobj, int *prog_fd);
+
+struct xdp_link_info {
+	__u32 prog_id;
+	__u32 drv_prog_id;
+	__u32 hw_prog_id;
+	__u32 skb_prog_id;
+	__u8 attach_mode;
+};
+
+struct bpf_xdp_set_link_opts {
+	size_t sz;
+	int old_fd;
+};
+#define bpf_xdp_set_link_opts__last_field old_fd
+
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_set_link_xdp_fd(int ifindex, int fd, __u32 flags);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_set_link_xdp_fd_opts(int ifindex, int fd, __u32 flags,
+					const struct bpf_xdp_set_link_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_get_link_xdp_id(int ifindex, __u32 *prog_id, __u32 flags);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_get_link_xdp_info(int ifindex, struct xdp_link_info *info,
+				     size_t info_size, __u32 flags);
+
+/* Ring buffer APIs */
+struct ring_buffer;
+
+typedef int (*ring_buffer_sample_fn)(void *ctx, void *data, size_t size);
+
+struct ring_buffer_opts {
+	size_t sz; /* size of this struct, for forward/backward compatiblity */
+};
+
+#define ring_buffer_opts__last_field sz
+
+LIBBPF_API struct ring_buffer *
+ring_buffer__new(int map_fd, ring_buffer_sample_fn sample_cb, void *ctx,
+		 const struct ring_buffer_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API void ring_buffer__free(struct ring_buffer *rb);
+LIBBPF_API int ring_buffer__add(struct ring_buffer *rb, int map_fd,
+				ring_buffer_sample_fn sample_cb, void *ctx);
+LIBBPF_API int ring_buffer__poll(struct ring_buffer *rb, int timeout_ms);
+LIBBPF_API int ring_buffer__consume(struct ring_buffer *rb);
+
+/* Perf buffer APIs */
+struct perf_buffer;
+
+typedef void (*perf_buffer_sample_fn)(void *ctx, int cpu,
+				      void *data, __u32 size);
+typedef void (*perf_buffer_lost_fn)(void *ctx, int cpu, __u64 cnt);
+
+/* common use perf buffer options */
+struct perf_buffer_opts {
+	/* if specified, sample_cb is called for each sample */
+	perf_buffer_sample_fn sample_cb;
+	/* if specified, lost_cb is called for each batch of lost samples */
+	perf_buffer_lost_fn lost_cb;
+	/* ctx is provided to sample_cb and lost_cb */
+	void *ctx;
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API struct perf_buffer *
+perf_buffer__new(int map_fd, size_t page_cnt,
+		 const struct perf_buffer_opts *opts);
+
+enum bpf_perf_event_ret {
+	LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_DONE	= 0,
+	LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_ERROR	= -1,
+	LIBBPF_PERF_EVENT_CONT	= -2,
+};
+
+struct perf_event_header;
+
+typedef enum bpf_perf_event_ret
+(*perf_buffer_event_fn)(void *ctx, int cpu, struct perf_event_header *event);
+
+/* raw perf buffer options, giving most power and control */
+struct perf_buffer_raw_opts {
+	/* perf event attrs passed directly into perf_event_open() */
+	struct perf_event_attr *attr;
+	/* raw event callback */
+	perf_buffer_event_fn event_cb;
+	/* ctx is provided to event_cb */
+	void *ctx;
+	/* if cpu_cnt == 0, open all on all possible CPUs (up to the number of
+	 * max_entries of given PERF_EVENT_ARRAY map)
+	 */
+	int cpu_cnt;
+	/* if cpu_cnt > 0, cpus is an array of CPUs to open ring buffers on */
+	int *cpus;
+	/* if cpu_cnt > 0, map_keys specify map keys to set per-CPU FDs for */
+	int *map_keys;
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API struct perf_buffer *
+perf_buffer__new_raw(int map_fd, size_t page_cnt,
+		     const struct perf_buffer_raw_opts *opts);
+
+LIBBPF_API void perf_buffer__free(struct perf_buffer *pb);
+LIBBPF_API int perf_buffer__poll(struct perf_buffer *pb, int timeout_ms);
+LIBBPF_API int perf_buffer__consume(struct perf_buffer *pb);
+
+typedef enum bpf_perf_event_ret
+	(*bpf_perf_event_print_t)(struct perf_event_header *hdr,
+				  void *private_data);
+LIBBPF_API enum bpf_perf_event_ret
+bpf_perf_event_read_simple(void *mmap_mem, size_t mmap_size, size_t page_size,
+			   void **copy_mem, size_t *copy_size,
+			   bpf_perf_event_print_t fn, void *private_data);
+
+struct bpf_prog_linfo;
+struct bpf_prog_info;
+
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_prog_linfo__free(struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo);
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_prog_linfo *
+bpf_prog_linfo__new(const struct bpf_prog_info *info);
+LIBBPF_API const struct bpf_line_info *
+bpf_prog_linfo__lfind_addr_func(const struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo,
+				__u64 addr, __u32 func_idx, __u32 nr_skip);
+LIBBPF_API const struct bpf_line_info *
+bpf_prog_linfo__lfind(const struct bpf_prog_linfo *prog_linfo,
+		      __u32 insn_off, __u32 nr_skip);
+
+/*
+ * Probe for supported system features
+ *
+ * Note that running many of these probes in a short amount of time can cause
+ * the kernel to reach the maximal size of lockable memory allowed for the
+ * user, causing subsequent probes to fail. In this case, the caller may want
+ * to adjust that limit with setrlimit().
+ */
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_prog_type(enum bpf_prog_type prog_type,
+				    __u32 ifindex);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_map_type(enum bpf_map_type map_type, __u32 ifindex);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_helper(enum bpf_func_id id,
+				 enum bpf_prog_type prog_type, __u32 ifindex);
+LIBBPF_API bool bpf_probe_large_insn_limit(__u32 ifindex);
+
+/*
+ * Get bpf_prog_info in continuous memory
+ *
+ * struct bpf_prog_info has multiple arrays. The user has option to choose
+ * arrays to fetch from kernel. The following APIs provide an uniform way to
+ * fetch these data. All arrays in bpf_prog_info are stored in a single
+ * continuous memory region. This makes it easy to store the info in a
+ * file.
+ *
+ * Before writing bpf_prog_info_linear to files, it is necessary to
+ * translate pointers in bpf_prog_info to offsets. Helper functions
+ * bpf_program__bpil_addr_to_offs() and bpf_program__bpil_offs_to_addr()
+ * are introduced to switch between pointers and offsets.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *   # To fetch map_ids and prog_tags:
+ *   __u64 arrays = (1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_MAP_IDS) |
+ *           (1UL << BPF_PROG_INFO_PROG_TAGS);
+ *   struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear =
+ *           bpf_program__get_prog_info_linear(fd, arrays);
+ *
+ *   # To save data in file
+ *   bpf_program__bpil_addr_to_offs(info_linear);
+ *   write(f, info_linear, sizeof(*info_linear) + info_linear->data_len);
+ *
+ *   # To read data from file
+ *   read(f, info_linear, <proper_size>);
+ *   bpf_program__bpil_offs_to_addr(info_linear);
+ */
+enum bpf_prog_info_array {
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_FIRST_ARRAY = 0,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_INSNS = 0,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_XLATED_INSNS,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_MAP_IDS,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_KSYMS,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_FUNC_LENS,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_FUNC_INFO,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_LINE_INFO,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_JITED_LINE_INFO,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_PROG_TAGS,
+	BPF_PROG_INFO_LAST_ARRAY,
+};
+
+struct bpf_prog_info_linear {
+	/* size of struct bpf_prog_info, when the tool is compiled */
+	__u32			info_len;
+	/* total bytes allocated for data, round up to 8 bytes */
+	__u32			data_len;
+	/* which arrays are included in data */
+	__u64			arrays;
+	struct bpf_prog_info	info;
+	__u8			data[];
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API struct bpf_prog_info_linear *
+bpf_program__get_prog_info_linear(int fd, __u64 arrays);
+
+LIBBPF_API void
+bpf_program__bpil_addr_to_offs(struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear);
+
+LIBBPF_API void
+bpf_program__bpil_offs_to_addr(struct bpf_prog_info_linear *info_linear);
+
+/*
+ * A helper function to get the number of possible CPUs before looking up
+ * per-CPU maps. Negative errno is returned on failure.
+ *
+ * Example usage:
+ *
+ *     int ncpus = libbpf_num_possible_cpus();
+ *     if (ncpus < 0) {
+ *          // error handling
+ *     }
+ *     long values[ncpus];
+ *     bpf_map_lookup_elem(per_cpu_map_fd, key, values);
+ *
+ */
+LIBBPF_API int libbpf_num_possible_cpus(void);
+
+struct bpf_map_skeleton {
+	const char *name;
+	struct bpf_map **map;
+	void **mmaped;
+};
+
+struct bpf_prog_skeleton {
+	const char *name;
+	struct bpf_program **prog;
+	struct bpf_link **link;
+};
+
+struct bpf_object_skeleton {
+	size_t sz; /* size of this struct, for forward/backward compatibility */
+
+	const char *name;
+	void *data;
+	size_t data_sz;
+
+	struct bpf_object **obj;
+
+	int map_cnt;
+	int map_skel_sz; /* sizeof(struct bpf_skeleton_map) */
+	struct bpf_map_skeleton *maps;
+
+	int prog_cnt;
+	int prog_skel_sz; /* sizeof(struct bpf_skeleton_prog) */
+	struct bpf_prog_skeleton *progs;
+};
+
+LIBBPF_API int
+bpf_object__open_skeleton(struct bpf_object_skeleton *s,
+			  const struct bpf_object_open_opts *opts);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__load_skeleton(struct bpf_object_skeleton *s);
+LIBBPF_API int bpf_object__attach_skeleton(struct bpf_object_skeleton *s);
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_object__detach_skeleton(struct bpf_object_skeleton *s);
+LIBBPF_API void bpf_object__destroy_skeleton(struct bpf_object_skeleton *s);
+
+enum libbpf_tristate {
+	TRI_NO = 0,
+	TRI_YES = 1,
+	TRI_MODULE = 2,
+};
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_H */
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf_common.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf_common.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a23ae1ac
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf_common.h
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+
+/*
+ * Common user-facing libbpf helpers.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2019 Facebook
+ */
+
+#ifndef __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_COMMON_H
+#define __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_COMMON_H
+
+#include <string.h>
+
+#ifndef LIBBPF_API
+#define LIBBPF_API __attribute__((visibility("default")))
+#endif
+
+/* Helper macro to declare and initialize libbpf options struct
+ *
+ * This dance with uninitialized declaration, followed by memset to zero,
+ * followed by assignment using compound literal syntax is done to preserve
+ * ability to use a nice struct field initialization syntax and **hopefully**
+ * have all the padding bytes initialized to zero. It's not guaranteed though,
+ * when copying literal, that compiler won't copy garbage in literal's padding
+ * bytes, but that's the best way I've found and it seems to work in practice.
+ *
+ * Macro declares opts struct of given type and name, zero-initializes,
+ * including any extra padding, it with memset() and then assigns initial
+ * values provided by users in struct initializer-syntax as varargs.
+ */
+#define DECLARE_LIBBPF_OPTS(TYPE, NAME, ...)				    \
+	struct TYPE NAME = ({ 						    \
+		memset(&NAME, 0, sizeof(struct TYPE));			    \
+		(struct TYPE) {						    \
+			.sz = sizeof(struct TYPE),			    \
+			__VA_ARGS__					    \
+		};							    \
+	})
+
+#endif /* __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_COMMON_H */
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf_util.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf_util.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..59c779c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/libbpf_util.h
@@ -0,0 +1,47 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+/* Copyright (c) 2019 Facebook */
+
+#ifndef __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_UTIL_H
+#define __LIBBPF_LIBBPF_UTIL_H
+
+#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* Use these barrier functions instead of smp_[rw]mb() when they are
+ * used in a libbpf header file. That way they can be built into the
+ * application that uses libbpf.
+ */
+#if defined(__i386__) || defined(__x86_64__)
+# define libbpf_smp_rmb() asm volatile("" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_wmb() asm volatile("" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_mb() \
+	asm volatile("lock; addl $0,-4(%%rsp)" : : : "memory", "cc")
+/* Hinders stores to be observed before older loads. */
+# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() asm volatile("" : : : "memory")
+#elif defined(__aarch64__)
+# define libbpf_smp_rmb() asm volatile("dmb ishld" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_wmb() asm volatile("dmb ishst" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_mb() asm volatile("dmb ish" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() libbpf_smp_mb()
+#elif defined(__arm__)
+/* These are only valid for armv7 and above */
+# define libbpf_smp_rmb() asm volatile("dmb ish" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_wmb() asm volatile("dmb ishst" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_mb() asm volatile("dmb ish" : : : "memory")
+# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() libbpf_smp_mb()
+#else
+/* Architecture missing native barrier functions. */
+# define libbpf_smp_rmb() __sync_synchronize()
+# define libbpf_smp_wmb() __sync_synchronize()
+# define libbpf_smp_mb() __sync_synchronize()
+# define libbpf_smp_rwmb() __sync_synchronize()
+#endif
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/xsk.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/xsk.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..584f6820
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/bpf/xsk.h
@@ -0,0 +1,246 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: (LGPL-2.1 OR BSD-2-Clause) */
+
+/*
+ * AF_XDP user-space access library.
+ *
+ * Copyright(c) 2018 - 2019 Intel Corporation.
+ *
+ * Author(s): Magnus Karlsson <magnus.karlsson@intel.com>
+ */
+
+#ifndef __LIBBPF_XSK_H
+#define __LIBBPF_XSK_H
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <linux/if_xdp.h>
+
+#include "libbpf.h"
+#include "libbpf_util.h"
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+extern "C" {
+#endif
+
+/* Do not access these members directly. Use the functions below. */
+#define DEFINE_XSK_RING(name) \
+struct name { \
+	__u32 cached_prod; \
+	__u32 cached_cons; \
+	__u32 mask; \
+	__u32 size; \
+	__u32 *producer; \
+	__u32 *consumer; \
+	void *ring; \
+	__u32 *flags; \
+}
+
+DEFINE_XSK_RING(xsk_ring_prod);
+DEFINE_XSK_RING(xsk_ring_cons);
+
+/* For a detailed explanation on the memory barriers associated with the
+ * ring, please take a look at net/xdp/xsk_queue.h.
+ */
+
+struct xsk_umem;
+struct xsk_socket;
+
+static inline __u64 *xsk_ring_prod__fill_addr(struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+					      __u32 idx)
+{
+	__u64 *addrs = (__u64 *)fill->ring;
+
+	return &addrs[idx & fill->mask];
+}
+
+static inline const __u64 *
+xsk_ring_cons__comp_addr(const struct xsk_ring_cons *comp, __u32 idx)
+{
+	const __u64 *addrs = (const __u64 *)comp->ring;
+
+	return &addrs[idx & comp->mask];
+}
+
+static inline struct xdp_desc *xsk_ring_prod__tx_desc(struct xsk_ring_prod *tx,
+						      __u32 idx)
+{
+	struct xdp_desc *descs = (struct xdp_desc *)tx->ring;
+
+	return &descs[idx & tx->mask];
+}
+
+static inline const struct xdp_desc *
+xsk_ring_cons__rx_desc(const struct xsk_ring_cons *rx, __u32 idx)
+{
+	const struct xdp_desc *descs = (const struct xdp_desc *)rx->ring;
+
+	return &descs[idx & rx->mask];
+}
+
+static inline int xsk_ring_prod__needs_wakeup(const struct xsk_ring_prod *r)
+{
+	return *r->flags & XDP_RING_NEED_WAKEUP;
+}
+
+static inline __u32 xsk_prod_nb_free(struct xsk_ring_prod *r, __u32 nb)
+{
+	__u32 free_entries = r->cached_cons - r->cached_prod;
+
+	if (free_entries >= nb)
+		return free_entries;
+
+	/* Refresh the local tail pointer.
+	 * cached_cons is r->size bigger than the real consumer pointer so
+	 * that this addition can be avoided in the more frequently
+	 * executed code that computs free_entries in the beginning of
+	 * this function. Without this optimization it whould have been
+	 * free_entries = r->cached_prod - r->cached_cons + r->size.
+	 */
+	r->cached_cons = *r->consumer + r->size;
+
+	return r->cached_cons - r->cached_prod;
+}
+
+static inline __u32 xsk_cons_nb_avail(struct xsk_ring_cons *r, __u32 nb)
+{
+	__u32 entries = r->cached_prod - r->cached_cons;
+
+	if (entries == 0) {
+		r->cached_prod = *r->producer;
+		entries = r->cached_prod - r->cached_cons;
+	}
+
+	return (entries > nb) ? nb : entries;
+}
+
+static inline size_t xsk_ring_prod__reserve(struct xsk_ring_prod *prod,
+					    size_t nb, __u32 *idx)
+{
+	if (xsk_prod_nb_free(prod, nb) < nb)
+		return 0;
+
+	*idx = prod->cached_prod;
+	prod->cached_prod += nb;
+
+	return nb;
+}
+
+static inline void xsk_ring_prod__submit(struct xsk_ring_prod *prod, size_t nb)
+{
+	/* Make sure everything has been written to the ring before indicating
+	 * this to the kernel by writing the producer pointer.
+	 */
+	libbpf_smp_wmb();
+
+	*prod->producer += nb;
+}
+
+static inline size_t xsk_ring_cons__peek(struct xsk_ring_cons *cons,
+					 size_t nb, __u32 *idx)
+{
+	size_t entries = xsk_cons_nb_avail(cons, nb);
+
+	if (entries > 0) {
+		/* Make sure we do not speculatively read the data before
+		 * we have received the packet buffers from the ring.
+		 */
+		libbpf_smp_rmb();
+
+		*idx = cons->cached_cons;
+		cons->cached_cons += entries;
+	}
+
+	return entries;
+}
+
+static inline void xsk_ring_cons__release(struct xsk_ring_cons *cons, size_t nb)
+{
+	/* Make sure data has been read before indicating we are done
+	 * with the entries by updating the consumer pointer.
+	 */
+	libbpf_smp_rwmb();
+
+	*cons->consumer += nb;
+}
+
+static inline void *xsk_umem__get_data(void *umem_area, __u64 addr)
+{
+	return &((char *)umem_area)[addr];
+}
+
+static inline __u64 xsk_umem__extract_addr(__u64 addr)
+{
+	return addr & XSK_UNALIGNED_BUF_ADDR_MASK;
+}
+
+static inline __u64 xsk_umem__extract_offset(__u64 addr)
+{
+	return addr >> XSK_UNALIGNED_BUF_OFFSET_SHIFT;
+}
+
+static inline __u64 xsk_umem__add_offset_to_addr(__u64 addr)
+{
+	return xsk_umem__extract_addr(addr) + xsk_umem__extract_offset(addr);
+}
+
+LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__fd(const struct xsk_umem *umem);
+LIBBPF_API int xsk_socket__fd(const struct xsk_socket *xsk);
+
+#define XSK_RING_CONS__DEFAULT_NUM_DESCS      2048
+#define XSK_RING_PROD__DEFAULT_NUM_DESCS      2048
+#define XSK_UMEM__DEFAULT_FRAME_SHIFT    12 /* 4096 bytes */
+#define XSK_UMEM__DEFAULT_FRAME_SIZE     (1 << XSK_UMEM__DEFAULT_FRAME_SHIFT)
+#define XSK_UMEM__DEFAULT_FRAME_HEADROOM 0
+#define XSK_UMEM__DEFAULT_FLAGS 0
+
+struct xsk_umem_config {
+	__u32 fill_size;
+	__u32 comp_size;
+	__u32 frame_size;
+	__u32 frame_headroom;
+	__u32 flags;
+};
+
+/* Flags for the libbpf_flags field. */
+#define XSK_LIBBPF_FLAGS__INHIBIT_PROG_LOAD (1 << 0)
+
+struct xsk_socket_config {
+	__u32 rx_size;
+	__u32 tx_size;
+	__u32 libbpf_flags;
+	__u32 xdp_flags;
+	__u16 bind_flags;
+};
+
+/* Set config to NULL to get the default configuration. */
+LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__create(struct xsk_umem **umem,
+				void *umem_area, __u64 size,
+				struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+				struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
+				const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_2(struct xsk_umem **umem,
+				       void *umem_area, __u64 size,
+				       struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+				       struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
+				       const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__create_v0_0_4(struct xsk_umem **umem,
+				       void *umem_area, __u64 size,
+				       struct xsk_ring_prod *fill,
+				       struct xsk_ring_cons *comp,
+				       const struct xsk_umem_config *config);
+LIBBPF_API int xsk_socket__create(struct xsk_socket **xsk,
+				  const char *ifname, __u32 queue_id,
+				  struct xsk_umem *umem,
+				  struct xsk_ring_cons *rx,
+				  struct xsk_ring_prod *tx,
+				  const struct xsk_socket_config *config);
+
+/* Returns 0 for success and -EBUSY if the umem is still in use. */
+LIBBPF_API int xsk_umem__delete(struct xsk_umem *umem);
+LIBBPF_API void xsk_socket__delete(struct xsk_socket *xsk);
+
+#ifdef __cplusplus
+} /* extern "C" */
+#endif
+
+#endif /* __LIBBPF_XSK_H */
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/include/xdp_fdb.h b/src/bpfswitch/include/xdp_fdb.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3e2e593a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/include/xdp_fdb.h
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef _XDP_FDB_H_
+#define _XDP_FDB_H_
+
+#include <linux/if_ether.h>
+
+struct xdp_stats {
+	__u64 bytes_fwd;
+	__u64 pkts_fwd;
+	__u64 dropped;
+};
+
+struct fdb_key
+{
+	__u8  smac[ETH_ALEN];
+	__u8  dmac[ETH_ALEN];
+	//__u16 vlan;
+};
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/Makefile b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..64bec2f8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,59 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+include ../config.mk
+
+ifneq (,$(BUILDDIR))
+OBJDIR = $(BUILDDIR)/ksrc/obj/
+else
+OBJDIR = obj/
+endif
+
+MODS += $(OBJDIR)xdp_l2fwd.o
+MODS += $(OBJDIR)xdp_dummy.o
+
+VPATH := .
+
+# rule is based on samples/bpf/Makefile
+DEFS = -D__KERNEL__ -D__BPF_TRACING__  -D__TARGET_ARCH_x86 $(EXTRA_DEFS)
+
+CFLAGS += -Wno-unused-value -Wno-pointer-sign
+CFLAGS += -Wno-compare-distinct-pointer-types
+CFLAGS += -Wno-gnu-variable-sized-type-not-at-end
+CFLAGS += -Wno-address-of-packed-member
+CFLAGS += -Wno-tautological-compare
+CFLAGS += -Wno-unknown-warning-option
+CFLAGS += -fno-stack-protector
+
+INCLUDES  = -I../include
+INCLUDES += -I$(KSRC)/arch/x86/include
+INCLUDES += -I$(KBLD)/arch/x86/include/generated
+INCLUDES += -I$(KBLD)/include
+INCLUDES += -I$(KSRC)/include
+INCLUDES += -I$(KSRC)/arch/x86/include/uapi
+INCLUDES += -I$(KBLD)/arch/x86/include/generated/uapi
+INCLUDES += -I$(KSRC)/include/uapi
+INCLUDES += -I$(KBLD)/include/generated/uapi
+
+SINCLUDES  = -include $(KSRC)/include/linux/kconfig.h
+SINCLUDES += -include include/asm_goto_workaround.h
+
+# this is to find stdarg.h. Ubuntu has this under x86_64-linux-gnu
+# and Fedora is under x86_64-redhat-linux. Let's try 'find'.
+GCCVER=$(shell gcc -v 2>&1 | awk '{if ($$0 ~ /gcc version/) {ver=split($$3,n,"."); print n[1]}}')
+GCC_INC=$(shell find /usr/lib/gcc/x86_64-*linux*/$(GCCVER) -name include)
+NOSTDINC_FLAGS = -nostdinc -isystem $(GCC_INC)
+
+all: build $(MODS)
+
+build:
+	@mkdir -p $(OBJDIR)
+
+$(OBJDIR)%.o: %.c
+	$(QUIET_CLANG)$(CLANG) $(NOSTDINC_FLAGS) $(INCLUDES) \
+		$(SINCLUDES) $(DEFS) $(CFLAGS) \
+		-O2 -emit-llvm $(CLANG_FLAGS) -c $< -o $@.cl
+	$(QUIET_LLC)$(LLC) -march=bpf $(LLC_FLAGS) -filetype=obj -o $@ $@.cl
+	@rm $@.cl
+
+clean:
+	@rm -rf $(OBJDIR)
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/include/asm_goto_workaround.h b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/include/asm_goto_workaround.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7048bb35
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/include/asm_goto_workaround.h
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+/* Copyright (c) 2019 Facebook */
+#ifndef __ASM_GOTO_WORKAROUND_H
+#define __ASM_GOTO_WORKAROUND_H
+
+/*
+ * This will bring in asm_volatile_goto and asm_inline macro definitions
+ * if enabled by compiler and config options.
+ */
+#include <linux/types.h>
+
+#ifdef asm_volatile_goto
+#undef asm_volatile_goto
+#define asm_volatile_goto(x...) asm volatile("invalid use of asm_volatile_goto")
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * asm_inline is defined as asm __inline in "include/linux/compiler_types.h"
+ * if supported by the kernel's CC (i.e CONFIG_CC_HAS_ASM_INLINE) which is not
+ * supported by CLANG.
+ */
+#ifdef asm_inline
+#undef asm_inline
+#define asm_inline asm
+#endif
+
+#define volatile(x...) volatile("")
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/xdp_dummy.c b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/xdp_dummy.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d60c1c07
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/xdp_dummy.c
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* Dummy XDP program
+ *
+ * David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
+ */
+#define KBUILD_MODNAME "xdp_dummy"
+#include <uapi/linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/version.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
+
+SEC("xdp_dummy")
+int xdp_dummy_prog(struct xdp_md *ctx)
+{
+	//bpf_debug("ingress: device %u queue %u\n",
+	//	      ctx->ingress_ifindex, ctx->rx_queue_index);
+
+	return XDP_PASS;
+}
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
+int _version SEC("version") = LINUX_VERSION_CODE;
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/xdp_l2fwd.c b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/xdp_l2fwd.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..750b580d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/ksrc/xdp_l2fwd.c
@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/* Example of L2 forwarding via XDP. FDB is a <vlan,dmac> hash table
+ * returning device index to redirect packet.
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2020 David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
+ * The code is modified to use 2 mac addresses as key instead of
+ * mac address and vlan id as key
+ *
+ */
+#define KBUILD_MODNAME "xdp_l2fwd"
+#include <uapi/linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/if_ether.h>
+#include <linux/if_packet.h>
+#include <linux/if_vlan.h>
+#include <linux/version.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_helpers.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf_endian.h>
+
+#include "xdp_fdb.h"
+
+/* For TX-traffic redirect requires net_device ifindex to be in this devmap */
+struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") xdp_fwd_ports = {
+	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP_HASH,
+	.key_size = sizeof(u32),
+	.value_size = sizeof(struct bpf_devmap_val),
+	.max_entries = 512,
+};
+
+/* <vlan,dmac> to device index map */
+struct bpf_map_def SEC("maps") fdb_map = {
+	.type = BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH,
+	.key_size = sizeof(struct fdb_key),
+	.value_size = sizeof(u32),
+	.max_entries = 512,
+};
+
+SEC("xdp_l2fwd")
+int xdp_l2fwd_prog(struct xdp_md *ctx)
+{
+	void *data_end = (void *)(long)ctx->data_end;
+	void *data = (void *)(long)ctx->data;
+	struct bpf_devmap_val *entry;
+	struct vlan_hdr *vhdr = NULL;
+	struct ethhdr *eth;
+	struct fdb_key key;
+	u8 smac[ETH_ALEN];
+	u16 h_proto = 0;
+	void *nh;
+	int rc;
+
+	/* data in context points to ethernet header */
+	eth = data;
+
+	/* set pointer to header after ethernet header */
+	nh = data + sizeof(*eth);
+	if (nh > data_end)
+		return XDP_DROP; // malformed packet
+
+	__builtin_memset(&key, 0, sizeof(key));
+	__builtin_memcpy(key.dmac, eth->h_dest, ETH_ALEN);
+	__builtin_memcpy(key.smac, eth->h_source, ETH_ALEN);
+
+	if (eth->h_proto == htons(ETH_P_8021Q)) {
+		vhdr = nh;
+		if (vhdr + 1 > data_end)
+			return XDP_DROP; // malformed packet
+
+		//key.vlan = ntohs(vhdr->h_vlan_TCI) & VLAN_VID_MASK;
+	}
+
+	entry = bpf_map_lookup_elem(&fdb_map, &key);
+	if (!entry || entry->ifindex == 0)
+		return XDP_PASS;
+
+	/* Verify redirect index exists in port map */
+	if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(&xdp_fwd_ports, &entry->ifindex))
+		return XDP_PASS;
+
+	if (vhdr) {
+		/* remove VLAN header before hand off to VM */
+		h_proto = vhdr->h_vlan_encapsulated_proto;
+		__builtin_memcpy(smac, eth->h_source, ETH_ALEN);
+
+		if (bpf_xdp_adjust_head(ctx, sizeof(*vhdr)))
+			return XDP_PASS;
+
+		/* reset data pointers after adjust */
+		data = (void *)(long)ctx->data;
+		data_end = (void *)(long)ctx->data_end;
+		eth = data;
+		if (eth + 1 > data_end)
+			return XDP_DROP;
+
+		__builtin_memcpy(eth->h_dest, key.dmac, ETH_ALEN);
+		__builtin_memcpy(eth->h_source, smac, ETH_ALEN);
+		eth->h_proto = h_proto;
+	}
+
+	return bpf_redirect_map(&xdp_fwd_ports, entry->ifindex, 0);
+}
+
+char _license[] SEC("license") = "GPL";
+int _version SEC("version") = LINUX_VERSION_CODE;
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/scripts/ifindex.py b/src/bpfswitch/scripts/ifindex.py
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..aff9a3c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/scripts/ifindex.py
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+import socket
+for if_nidx in socket.if_nameindex():
+    print("Interface: {}, Index: {}".format(if_nidx[1], if_nidx[0]))
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/scripts/l2fwd.sh b/src/bpfswitch/scripts/l2fwd.sh
new file mode 100755
index 00000000..173f93c1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/scripts/l2fwd.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,137 @@
+#!/bin/bash
+
+# Copyright David Ashern and Sridhar K. N. Rao
+
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#   http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# L2FWD configuration 
+
+
+BPFFS=/sys/fs/bpf
+BPFTOOL=/usr/sbin/bpftool
+
+# MAC ADDRESSES - Ex: Of Traffic-Generator Ports
+TGENEASTMAC=12:41:da:80:1f:71
+TGENWESTMAC=12:30:6d:9f:6f:42
+
+# Interfaces
+EAST=ens0f0
+WEST=ens0f1
+
+# Index of Interfaces
+EASTINDEX=1
+EASTINDEX=2
+
+
+################################################################################
+#
+pr_msg()
+{
+	echo -e "\e[34m$*\e[00m"
+}
+
+run_cmd()
+{
+	local cmd="$*"
+
+	echo
+	echo -e "\e[31m${cmd}\e[00m"
+	sudo $cmd
+}
+
+show_maps()
+{
+	echo
+        echo -e "\e[31m${BPFTOOL} map sh\e[00m"
+	sudo ${BPFTOOL} map sh | \
+	awk 'BEGIN { skip = 0 } {
+		if (skip) {
+			skip--
+		} else if ($2 == "lpm_trie") {
+			skip = 1
+		} else {
+			print
+		}
+	}'
+}
+
+show_progs()
+{
+	echo
+        echo -e "\e[31m${BPFTOOL} prog sh\e[00m"
+	sudo ${BPFTOOL} prog sh | \
+	awk 'BEGIN { skip = 0 } {
+		if (skip) {
+			skip--
+		} else if ($2 == "cgroup_skb") {
+			skip = 2
+		} else {
+			print
+		}
+	}'
+}
+
+show_status()
+{
+	show_maps
+	show_progs
+	run_cmd ${BPFTOOL} net sh
+}
+
+do_reset()
+{
+	sudo rm -rf ${BPFFS}/map
+	sudo rm -rf ${BPFFS}/prog
+	sudo mkdir ${BPFFS}/map
+	sudo mkdir ${BPFFS}/prog
+
+	for d in eth0 eth1
+	do
+		sudo ${BPFTOOL} net detach xdp dev ${d}
+		sudo ethtool -K ${d} hw-tc-offload on
+		sudo ethtool -K ${d} rxvlan off
+	done
+}
+
+################################################################################
+# start
+
+do_reset >/dev/null 2>&1
+
+echo
+pr_msg "Create ports map"
+pr_msg "- global map used for bulking redirected packets"
+
+run_cmd ${BPFTOOL} map create ${BPFFS}/map/xdp_fwd_ports \
+       type devmap_hash key 4 value 8 entries 512 name xdp_fwd_ports
+
+echo
+pr_msg "Add entries to the egress port map for EAST and WEST Interfaces"
+run_cmd ${BPFTOOL} map update pinned ${BPFFS}/map/xdp_fwd_ports \
+	key hex ${EASTINDEX} 0 0 0 value hex ${EASTINDEX} 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+run_cmd ${BPFTOOL} map update pinned ${BPFFS}/map/xdp_fwd_ports \
+	key hex ${WESTINDEX} 0 0 0 value hex ${WESTINDEX} 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
+
+echo
+pr_msg "load l2fwd program and attach to eth0 and eth1"
+
+run_cmd ${BPFTOOL} prog load ../ksrc/obj/xdp_l2fwd.o ${BPFFS}/prog/xdp_l2fwd \
+    map name xdp_fwd_ports name xdp_fwd_ports
+run_cmd ${BPFTOOL} net attach xdp pinned ${BPFFS}/prog/xdp_l2fwd dev ${EAST}
+run_cmd ${BPFTOOL} net attach xdp pinned ${BPFFS}/prog/xdp_l2fwd dev ${WEST}
+
+echo
+pr_msg "Add FDB and port map entries for this"
+run_cmd ../usrc/bin/xdp_l2fwd -s ${TGENEASTMAC} -m ${TGENWESTMAC} -d eth1
+run_cmd ../usrc/bin/xdp_l2fwd -s ${TGENWESTMAC} -m ${TGENEASTMAC} -d eth1
+run_cmd ../usrc/bin/xdp_l2fwd -P
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/usrc/Makefile b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/Makefile
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fc15a6b0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/Makefile
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+
+include ../config.mk
+
+ifneq (,$(BUILDDIR))
+OBJDIR = $(BUILDDIR)/src/obj/
+else
+OBJDIR = obj/
+endif
+
+ifneq (,$(BUILDDIR))
+BINDIR = $(BUILDDIR)/src/bin/
+else
+BINDIR = bin/
+endif
+
+MODS += $(BINDIR)xdp_l2fwd
+MODS += $(BINDIR)xdp_dummy
+
+VPATH := .
+
+CC = gcc
+CFLAGS += -O2 -g -Wall
+
+INCLUDES  = -I../include -I../include/uapi
+INCLUDES += -I../include/tools
+
+ifneq (,$(LIBBPF_DIR))
+BPF_LINK_FEAT := $(shell egrep 'bpf_link_create' $(LIBBPF_PATH)/usr/include/bpf/libbpf.h)
+ifneq (,$(BPF_LINK_FEAT))
+CFLAGS += -DHAVE_BPF_LINK_CREATE
+endif
+else
+LIBBPF=-lbpf
+endif
+
+#COMMON += $(OBJDIR)timestamps.o
+COMMON += $(OBJDIR)libbpf_helpers.o
+COMMON += $(OBJDIR)str_utils.o
+#COMMON += $(OBJDIR)rbtree.o
+#COMMON += $(OBJDIR)parse_pkt.o
+#COMMON += $(OBJDIR)print_pkt.o
+#COMMON += $(OBJDIR)ksyms.o
+
+all: build $(MODS)
+
+build:
+	@mkdir -p $(OBJDIR) $(BINDIR)
+
+$(BINDIR)%: $(OBJDIR)%.o $(COMMON)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(INCLUDES) $(DEFS) $(CFLAGS) $^ -o $@ $(LDLIBS)
+
+$(BINDIR)xdp_%: $(OBJDIR)xdp_%_user.o $(COMMON)
+	$(QUIET_LINK)$(CC) $(INCLUDES) $(DEFS) $(CFLAGS) $^ -o $@ $(LDLIBS)
+
+$(OBJDIR)%.o: %.c
+	$(QUIET_CC)$(CC) $(INCLUDES) $(DEFS) $(CFLAGS) -c $^ -o $@
+
+clean:
+	@rm -rf $(OBJDIR) $(BINDIR)
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/usrc/libbpf_helpers.c b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/libbpf_helpers.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..522f5586
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/libbpf_helpers.c
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * convenience wrappers around libbpf functions
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2019-2021 David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
+ */
+
+#include <linux/if_link.h>
+#include <sys/types.h>
+#include <sys/stat.h>
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf.h>
+#include <bpf/libbpf.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "libbpf_helpers.h"
+
+enum bpf_obj_type {
+	BPF_OBJ_UNKNOWN,
+	BPF_OBJ_PROG,
+	BPF_OBJ_MAP,
+	BPF_OBJ_LINK,
+	BPF_OBJ_BTF,
+};
+
+int load_obj_file(struct bpf_prog_load_attr *attr,
+		  struct bpf_object **obj,
+		  const char *objfile, bool user_set)
+{
+	static char *expected_paths[] = {
+		"bin",
+		"ksrc/obj",	/* path in git tree */
+		"bpf-obj",
+		".",		/* cwd */
+		NULL,
+	};
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	int prog_fd, i = 0;
+
+	if (user_set) {
+		attr->file = objfile;
+		return bpf_prog_load_xattr(attr, obj, &prog_fd);
+	}
+
+	attr->file = path;
+	while (expected_paths[i]) {
+		struct stat sbuf;
+
+		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s",
+			 expected_paths[i], objfile);
+
+		if (stat(path, &sbuf) == 0) {
+			if (!bpf_prog_load_xattr(attr, obj, &prog_fd))
+				return 0;
+
+			if (errno != ENOENT)
+				break;
+		}
+		++i;
+	}
+
+	fprintf(stderr, "Failed to find object file; nothing to load\n");
+	return 1;
+}
+
+int bpf_map_get_fd_by_name(const char *name)
+{
+	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
+	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
+	__u32 id = 0;
+	int err, fd;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = bpf_map_get_next_id(id, &id);
+		if (err)
+			break;
+
+		fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(id);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
+		if (!err && strcmp(info.name, name) == 0)
+			return fd;
+
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+/* from bpftool */
+static int get_fd_type(int fd)
+{
+	char path[PATH_MAX];
+	char buf[512];
+	ssize_t n;
+
+	snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "/proc/self/fd/%d", fd);
+
+	n = readlink(path, buf, sizeof(buf));
+	if (n < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "can't read link type: %s\n", strerror(errno));
+		return -1;
+	}
+	if (n == sizeof(path)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "can't read link type: path too long!\n");
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	if (strstr(buf, "bpf-map"))
+		return BPF_OBJ_MAP;
+
+	if (strstr(buf, "bpf-prog"))
+		return BPF_OBJ_PROG;
+
+	if (strstr(buf, "bpf-link"))
+		return BPF_OBJ_LINK;
+
+	return BPF_OBJ_UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+int bpf_map_get_fd_by_path(const char *path)
+{
+	enum bpf_obj_type objtype;
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = bpf_obj_get(path);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get bpf object (%s): %s\n",
+			path, strerror(errno));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	objtype = get_fd_type(fd);
+	if (objtype != BPF_OBJ_MAP) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Path is not to a BPF map\n");
+		close(fd);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return fd;
+}
+
+int bpf_map_get_fd(__u32 id, const char *path, const char *name,
+		   const char *desc)
+{
+	int fd = -1;
+
+	if (id) {
+		fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_id(id);
+		if (fd < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Failed to get fd for %s by id: %s: %d\n",
+				desc, strerror(errno), errno);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} else if (path) {
+		fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_path(path);
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Failed to get fd for %s by path: %s: %d\n",
+				desc, strerror(errno), errno);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} else if (name) {
+		fd = bpf_map_get_fd_by_name(name);
+		if (fd < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Failed to get fd for %s by expected name: %s: %d\n",
+				desc, strerror(errno), errno);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return fd;
+}
+
+int bpf_prog_get_fd_by_path(const char *path)
+{
+	enum bpf_obj_type objtype;
+	int fd;
+
+	fd = bpf_obj_get(path);
+	if (fd < 0) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get bpf object (%s): %s\n",
+			path, strerror(errno));
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	objtype = get_fd_type(fd);
+	if (objtype != BPF_OBJ_PROG) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Path is not to a BPF program\n");
+		close(fd);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	return fd;
+}
+
+int bpf_prog_get_fd_by_name(const char *name)
+{
+	struct bpf_prog_info info = {};
+	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
+	__u32 id = 0;
+	int err, fd;
+
+	while (1) {
+		err = bpf_prog_get_next_id(id, &id);
+		if (err)
+			break;
+
+		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
+		if (fd < 0)
+			continue;
+
+		err = bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(fd, &info, &len);
+		if (!err && strcmp(info.name, name) == 0)
+			return fd;
+
+		close(fd);
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int bpf_prog_get_fd(__u32 id, const char *path, const char *name,
+		    const char *desc)
+{
+	int fd = -1;
+
+	if (id) {
+		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_id(id);
+		if (fd < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Failed to get fd for %s by id: %s: %d\n",
+				desc, strerror(errno), errno);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} else if (path) {
+		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_path(path);
+		if (fd < 0) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Failed to get fd for %s by path: %s: %d\n",
+				desc, strerror(errno), errno);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	} else if (name) {
+		fd = bpf_prog_get_fd_by_name(name);
+		if (fd < 0 && errno != ENOENT) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"Failed to get fd for %s by expected name: %s: %d\n",
+				desc, strerror(errno), errno);
+			return -1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return fd;
+}
+
+int attach_to_dev_generic(int idx, int prog_fd, const char *dev)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = bpf_set_link_xdp_fd(idx, prog_fd, XDP_FLAGS_SKB_MODE);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printf("ERROR: failed to attach program to %s\n", dev);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int detach_from_dev_generic(int idx, const char *dev)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = bpf_set_link_xdp_fd(idx, -1, XDP_FLAGS_SKB_MODE);
+	if (err < 0)
+		printf("ERROR: failed to detach program from %s\n", dev);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+
+int attach_to_dev(int idx, int prog_fd, const char *dev)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = bpf_set_link_xdp_fd(idx, prog_fd, XDP_FLAGS_DRV_MODE);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		printf("ERROR: failed to attach program to %s\n", dev);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int detach_from_dev(int idx, const char *dev)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	err = bpf_set_link_xdp_fd(idx, -1, 0);
+	if (err < 0)
+		printf("ERROR: failed to detach program from %s\n", dev);
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/usrc/libbpf_helpers.h b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/libbpf_helpers.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9be0513c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/libbpf_helpers.h
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef __LIBBPF_HELPERS_H
+#define __LIBBPF_HELPERS_H
+
+#include <bpf/libbpf.h>
+
+int load_obj_file(struct bpf_prog_load_attr *attr,
+                  struct bpf_object **obj,
+                  const char *objfile, bool user_set);
+
+int bpf_map_get_fd_by_name(const char *name);
+int bpf_map_get_fd_by_path(const char *path);
+int bpf_map_get_fd(__u32 id, const char *path, const char *name,
+		   const char *desc);
+
+int bpf_prog_get_fd_by_path(const char *path);
+int bpf_prog_get_fd(__u32 id, const char *path, const char *name,
+		    const char *desc);
+
+int attach_to_dev_generic(int idx, int prog_fd, const char *dev);
+int detach_from_dev_generic(int idx, const char *dev);
+
+int attach_to_dev(int idx, int prog_fd, const char *dev);
+int detach_from_dev(int idx, const char *dev);
+
+int attach_to_dev_tx(int idx, int prog_fd, const char *dev);
+int detach_from_dev_tx(int idx, const char *dev);
+
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/usrc/str_utils.c b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/str_utils.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8650cdfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/str_utils.c
@@ -0,0 +1,159 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+/*
+ * String conversion and parsing functions.
+ *
+ * David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
+ */
+#include <linux/if_ether.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+
+#include "str_utils.h"
+
+static int str_to_int_base(const char *str, int min, int max, int *value, int base)
+{
+	int number;
+	char *end;
+
+	errno = 0;
+	number = (int) strtol(str, &end, base);
+
+	if ( ((*end == '\0') || (*end == '\n')) && (end != str) &&
+	    (errno != ERANGE) && (min <= number) && (number <= max)) {
+		*value = number;
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	return -1;
+}
+
+int str_to_int(const char *str, int min, int max, int *value)
+{
+	return str_to_int_base(str, min, max, value, 0);
+}
+
+int str_to_ushort(const char *str, unsigned short *us)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	if (str_to_int(str, 0, 0xFFFF, &i) != 0)
+		return -1;
+
+	*us = (unsigned short) (i);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int str_to_ulong_base(const char *str, unsigned long *ul, int base)
+{
+	char *end;
+
+	*ul= strtoul(str, &end, base);
+	if (*end != '\0')
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int str_to_ulong(const char *str, unsigned long *ul)
+{
+	return str_to_ulong_base(str, ul, 0);
+}
+
+int str_to_ullong(const char *str, unsigned long long *ul)
+{
+	char *end;
+
+	*ul= strtoull(str, &end, 0);
+	if (*end != '\0') 
+		return -1;
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+int str_to_mac(const char *str, unsigned char *mac)
+{
+	int rc = -1, m, i;
+	char *s = strdup(str), *p, *d, tmp[3];
+
+	if (!s)
+		return -1;
+
+	p = s;
+	tmp[2] = '\0';
+	for (i = 0; i < ETH_ALEN; ++i) {
+		if (*p == '\0')
+			goto out;
+
+		d = strchr(p, ':');
+		if (d) {
+			*d = '\0';
+			if (strlen(p) > 2)
+				goto out;
+
+			strcpy(tmp, p);
+			p = d + 1;
+		} else {
+			strncpy(tmp, p, 2);
+			p += 2;
+		}
+		
+		if (str_to_int_base(tmp, 0, 0xFF, &m, 16) != 0)
+			goto out;
+
+		mac[i] = m;
+	}
+
+	if (*p == '\0')
+		rc = 0;
+out:
+	free(s);
+
+	return rc;
+}
+
+int get_ifidx(const char *arg)
+{
+	int idx;
+
+	idx = if_nametoindex(arg);
+	if (!idx)
+		idx = strtoul(arg, NULL, 0);
+
+	return idx;
+}
+
+/* find parameters in a string -- based on Harbison and Steele, p. 291 */
+int parsestr(char *str, char *delims, char *fields[], int nmax)
+{
+	int n;
+
+	if (!str || (*str == '\0'))
+		return 0;
+
+	n = 0;
+	fields[0] = strtok(str, delims);
+	while ((fields[n] != (char *) NULL) && (n < (nmax-1))) {
+		++n;
+		fields[n] = strtok(NULL, delims);
+	}
+
+	if ((n == (nmax - 1)) && (fields[n] != (char *) NULL))
+		++n;
+
+	return n;
+}
+
+void print_mac(const __u8 *mac, bool reverse)
+{
+	if (reverse)
+		printf("%.02x:%.02x:%.02x:%.02x:%.02x:%.02x",
+		       mac[5], mac[4], mac[3], mac[2], mac[1], mac[0]);
+	else
+		printf("%.02x:%.02x:%.02x:%.02x:%.02x:%.02x",
+		       mac[0], mac[1], mac[2], mac[3], mac[4], mac[5]);
+}
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/usrc/str_utils.h b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/str_utils.h
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..817eb5f6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/str_utils.h
@@ -0,0 +1,15 @@
+/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
+#ifndef __STR_UTILS_H
+#define __STR_UTILS_H
+
+int str_to_int(const char *str, int min, int max, int *value);
+int str_to_ushort(const char *str, unsigned short *us);
+int str_to_ulong(const char *str, unsigned long *ul);
+int str_to_ulong_base(const char *str, unsigned long *ul, int base);
+int str_to_ullong(const char *str, unsigned long long *ul);
+int str_to_mac(const char *str, unsigned char *mac);
+int get_ifidx(const char *arg);
+
+int parsestr(char *str, char *delims, char *fields[], int nmax);
+void print_mac(const __u8 *mac, bool reverse);
+#endif
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/usrc/xdp_dummy_user.c b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/xdp_dummy_user.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7741f330
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/xdp_dummy_user.c
@@ -0,0 +1,116 @@
+// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
+#include <linux/bpf.h>
+#include <linux/if_link.h>
+#include <linux/limits.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdbool.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <fcntl.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+
+#include <bpf/bpf.h>
+#include <bpf/libbpf.h>
+
+#include "libbpf_helpers.h"
+
+static void usage(const char *prog)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"usage: %s [OPTS] interface-list\n"
+		"\nOPTS:\n"
+		"    -d            detach program\n"
+		"    -f bpf-file   bpf filename to load\n"
+		"    -g            skb mode\n"
+		, prog);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	int (*attach_fn)(int idx, int prog_fd, const char *dev) = attach_to_dev;
+	int (*detach_fn)(int idx, const char *dev) = detach_from_dev;
+	struct bpf_prog_load_attr prog_load_attr = { };
+	const char *objfile = "xdp_dummy_kern.o";
+	const char *pname = "xdp_dummy";
+	bool filename_set = false;
+	struct bpf_program *prog;
+	struct bpf_object *obj;
+	int opt, i, prog_fd;
+	bool attach = true;
+	int ret = 0;
+
+	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, ":df:g")) != -1) {
+		switch (opt) {
+		case 'f':
+			objfile = optarg;
+			filename_set = true;
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			attach = false;
+			break;
+		case 'g':
+			attach_fn = attach_to_dev_generic;
+			detach_fn = detach_from_dev_generic;
+			break;
+		default:
+			usage(basename(argv[0]));
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	if (optind == argc) {
+		usage(basename(argv[0]));
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (!attach) {
+		for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i) {
+			int idx, err;
+
+			idx = if_nametoindex(argv[i]);
+			if (!idx)
+				idx = strtoul(argv[i], NULL, 0);
+
+			if (!idx) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid device argument\n");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			err = detach_fn(idx, argv[i]);
+			if (err)
+				ret = err;
+		}
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	if (load_obj_file(&prog_load_attr, &obj, objfile, filename_set))
+                return 1;
+
+	prog = bpf_object__find_program_by_title(obj, pname);
+	prog_fd = bpf_program__fd(prog);
+	if (prog_fd < 0) {
+		printf("program not found: %s\n", strerror(prog_fd));
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = optind; i < argc; ++i) {
+		int idx, err;
+
+		idx = if_nametoindex(argv[i]);
+		if (!idx)
+			idx = strtoul(argv[i], NULL, 0);
+
+		if (!idx) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "Invalid device argument\n");
+			return 1;
+		}
+
+		err = attach_fn(idx, prog_fd, argv[i]);
+		if (err)
+			ret = err;
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+}
diff --git a/src/bpfswitch/usrc/xdp_l2fwd_user.c b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/xdp_l2fwd_user.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..13437621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/bpfswitch/usrc/xdp_l2fwd_user.c
@@ -0,0 +1,402 @@
+/* Copyright (c) 2019-22 David Ahern <dsahern@gmail.com>
+ * 
+ * The code is modifed to use 2 mac addresses as key instead of
+ * mac-address and vland-id as key
+ *
+ * This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or
+ * modify it under the terms of version 2 of the GNU General Public
+ * License as published by the Free Software Foundation.
+ *
+ * This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but
+ * WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ * MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU
+ * General Public License for more details.
+ */
+
+#include <limits.h>
+#include <net/if.h>
+#include <errno.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <unistd.h>
+#include <libgen.h>
+#include <bpf/bpf.h>
+
+#include "xdp_fdb.h"
+#include "str_utils.h"
+#include "libbpf_helpers.h"
+
+static bool fdb_map_verify(int map_fd)
+{
+	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
+	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
+
+	if (bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(map_fd, &info, &len)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get map info: %s: %d",
+			strerror(errno), errno);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (info.type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_HASH ||
+	    info.key_size != sizeof(struct fdb_key) ||
+	    info.value_size != sizeof(__u32)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Incompatible map\n");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static bool ports_map_verify(int ports_fd, bool *with_prog)
+{
+	struct bpf_map_info info = {};
+	__u32 len = sizeof(info);
+
+	if (bpf_obj_get_info_by_fd(ports_fd, &info, &len)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to get map info: %s: %d",
+			strerror(errno), errno);
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	if (info.value_size == sizeof(struct bpf_devmap_val))
+		*with_prog = true;
+
+	if (info.type != BPF_MAP_TYPE_DEVMAP_HASH ||
+	    info.key_size != sizeof(__u32) ||
+	    (info.value_size != sizeof(__u32) && !with_prog)) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Incompatible map\n");
+		return false;
+	}
+
+	return true;
+}
+
+static int show_entries_cli(int fdb_fd, int ports_fd)
+{
+	struct fdb_key *key, *prev_key = NULL;
+	struct bpf_devmap_val pval;
+	bool with_prog = false;
+	char buf[IFNAMSIZ];
+	int err, i;
+	__u32 fval;
+
+
+	if (!fdb_map_verify(fdb_fd) ||
+	    !ports_map_verify(ports_fd, &with_prog))
+		return 1;
+
+	key = calloc(1, sizeof(*key));
+	if (!key) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate memory for key\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; ; ++i) {
+		err = bpf_map_get_next_key(fdb_fd, prev_key, key);
+		if (err) {
+			if (errno == ENOENT)
+				err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		fval = 0;
+		memset(&pval, 0, sizeof(pval));
+		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(fdb_fd, key, &fval))
+			goto next_key;
+
+		if (if_indextoname(fval, buf) == NULL) {
+			fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: stale device index\n");
+			snprintf(buf, IFNAMSIZ, "-");
+		}
+
+		//printf("-v %u -m ", key->vlan);
+		print_mac(key->smac, false);
+		print_mac(key->dmac, false);
+		printf(" -d %s", buf);
+
+		if (bpf_map_lookup_elem(ports_fd, &fval, &pval)) {
+			fprintf(stderr,
+				"No ports entry for device %s/%d\n", buf, fval);
+			goto end_entry;
+		}
+
+		if (with_prog)
+			printf(" -p %u", pval.bpf_prog.id);
+end_entry:
+		printf("\n");
+next_key:
+		prev_key = key;
+	}
+
+	free(key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int show_ports_entries(int map_fd)
+{
+	__u32 *key, *prev_key = NULL;
+	struct bpf_devmap_val val;
+	bool with_prog = false;
+	int err;
+
+	if (!ports_map_verify(map_fd, &with_prog))
+		return 1;
+
+	key = calloc(1, sizeof(*key));
+	if (!key) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate memory for key\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	printf("\nPorts map:\n");
+	while(1) {
+		err = bpf_map_get_next_key(map_fd, prev_key, key);
+		if (err) {
+			if (errno == ENOENT)
+				err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		memset(&val, 0, sizeof(val));
+		if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, key, &val)) {
+			char buf[IFNAMSIZ];
+
+			if (if_indextoname(val.ifindex, buf) == NULL) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: stale device index\n");
+				snprintf(buf, IFNAMSIZ, "-");
+			}
+
+			printf("index %u -> device %s/%u",
+			       *key, buf, val.ifindex);
+			if (with_prog && val.bpf_prog.id)
+				printf(", prog id %u", val.bpf_prog.id);
+			printf("\n");
+		}
+
+		prev_key = key;
+	}
+
+	free(key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+static int show_fdb_entries(int map_fd)
+{
+	struct fdb_key *key, *prev_key = NULL;
+	int err, i;
+	__u32 val;
+
+	if (!fdb_map_verify(map_fd))
+		return 1;
+
+	key = calloc(1, sizeof(*key));
+	if (!key) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to allocate memory for key\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	printf("FDB map:\n");
+	for (i = 0; ; ++i) {
+		err = bpf_map_get_next_key(map_fd, prev_key, key);
+		if (err) {
+			if (errno == ENOENT)
+				err = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+
+		val = 0;
+		if (!bpf_map_lookup_elem(map_fd, key, &val)) {
+			char buf[IFNAMSIZ];
+
+			if (if_indextoname(val, buf) == NULL) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "WARNING: stale device index\n");
+				snprintf(buf, IFNAMSIZ, "-");
+			}
+
+			//printf("entry %d: < %u, ", i, key->vlan);
+			print_mac(key->smac, false);
+			print_mac(key->dmac, false);
+			printf(" > --> device %s/%u\n", buf, val);
+		}
+
+		prev_key = key;
+	}
+
+	free(key);
+	return err;
+}
+
+/* remove from fdb then remove device */
+static int remove_entries(int fdb_fd, struct fdb_key *key,
+			  int ports_fd, int idx)
+{
+	int rc;
+
+	rc = bpf_map_delete_elem(fdb_fd, key);
+	if (rc)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to delete fdb entry\n");
+
+	rc = bpf_map_delete_elem(ports_fd, &idx);
+	if (rc)
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to delete ports entry\n");
+	return rc;
+}
+
+static void usage(const char *prog)
+{
+	fprintf(stderr,
+		"usage: %s [OPTS]\n"
+		"\nOPTS:\n"
+		"    -f id          fdb map id or pinned path\n"
+		"    -t id          devmap id or pinned path for tx ports\n"
+		"    -d device      device to redirect\n"
+		"    -m mac         Destination mac address for entry\n"
+		"    -s mac         Source mac address for entry\n"
+		"    -r             remove entries\n"
+		"    -p progid      bpf program id or pinned path to attach to entry\n"
+		"    -P             print map entries\n"
+		"    -C             print map entries in command line format\n"
+		, prog);
+}
+
+int main(int argc, char **argv)
+{
+	struct bpf_devmap_val pval = { .bpf_prog.fd = -1 };
+	__u32 fdb_id = 0, ports_id = 0, bpf_prog_id = 0;
+	const char *ports_map_path = NULL;
+	const char *bpf_prog_path = NULL;
+	const char *fdb_map_path = NULL;
+	bool print_entries = false;
+	struct fdb_key key = {};
+	int fdb_fd, ports_fd;
+	bool delete = false;
+	bool cli_arg = false;
+	unsigned long tmp;
+	int opt, ret;
+
+	while ((opt = getopt(argc, argv, ":f:t:d:m:s:p:rPC")) != -1) {
+		switch (opt) {
+		case 'f':
+			if (str_to_ulong(optarg, &tmp) == 0) {
+				fdb_id = (__u32)tmp;
+			} else if (*optarg == '/') {
+				fdb_map_path = optarg;
+			} else {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid fdb map id\n");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 't':
+			if (str_to_ulong(optarg, &tmp) == 0) {
+				ports_id = (__u32)tmp;
+			} else if (*optarg == '/') {
+				ports_map_path = optarg;
+			} else {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid ports map id\n");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'd':
+			pval.ifindex = if_nametoindex(optarg);
+			if (!pval.ifindex) {
+				if (str_to_int(optarg, 0, INT_MAX, &ret)) {
+					fprintf(stderr, "Invalid device\n");
+					return 1;
+				}
+				pval.ifindex = (__u32)ret;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'm':
+			if (str_to_mac(optarg, key.dmac)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid Dest-mac address\n");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 's':
+			/*
+			 if (str_to_int(optarg, 0, 4095, &ret)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid vlan\n");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			key.vlan = (__u16)ret;
+			*/
+			if (str_to_mac(optarg, key.smac)) {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid Source-mac address\n");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'p':
+			if (str_to_ulong(optarg, &tmp) == 0) {
+				bpf_prog_id = (__u32)tmp;
+			} else if (*optarg == '/') {
+				bpf_prog_path = optarg;
+			} else {
+				fprintf(stderr, "Invalid program id\n");
+				return 1;
+			}
+			break;
+		case 'r':
+			delete = true;
+			break;
+		case 'C':
+			cli_arg = true;
+			break;
+		case 'P':
+			print_entries = true;
+			break;
+		default:
+			usage(basename(argv[0]));
+			return 1;
+		}
+	}
+
+	fdb_fd = bpf_map_get_fd(fdb_id, fdb_map_path, "fdb_map", "fdb map");
+	if (fdb_fd < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	ports_fd = bpf_map_get_fd(ports_id, ports_map_path, "xdp_fwd_ports",
+				  "ports map");
+	if (ports_fd < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (cli_arg)
+		return show_entries_cli(fdb_fd, ports_fd);
+
+	if (print_entries) {
+		ret = show_fdb_entries(fdb_fd);
+		return show_ports_entries(ports_fd) ? : ret;
+	}
+
+	pval.bpf_prog.fd = bpf_prog_get_fd(bpf_prog_id, bpf_prog_path, NULL,
+					   "redirect program");
+	if (pval.bpf_prog.fd < 0)
+		return 1;
+
+	if (!pval.ifindex) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Device index not given\n");
+		return 1;
+	}
+
+	if (delete)
+		return remove_entries(fdb_fd, &key, ports_fd, pval.ifindex);
+
+	/* add device to port map and then add fdb entry */
+	ret = bpf_map_update_elem(ports_fd, &pval.ifindex, &pval, 0);
+	if (ret) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to add ports entry: %s: %d\n",
+			strerror(errno), errno);
+		remove_entries(fdb_fd, &key, ports_fd, pval.ifindex);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	ret = bpf_map_update_elem(fdb_fd, &key, &pval.ifindex, BPF_ANY);
+	if (ret) {
+		fprintf(stderr, "Failed to add fdb entry: %s: %d\n",
+			strerror(errno), errno);
+		remove_entries(fdb_fd, &key, ports_fd, pval.ifindex);
+		return ret;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
diff --git a/systems/README.md b/systems/README.md
index d0812a81..c4148e41 100644
--- a/systems/README.md
+++ b/systems/README.md
@@ -39,4 +39,31 @@ May need following changes:
     DPDK_LIB = $(DPDK_DIR)/build/lib64
 ```
 
-   
+eBPF 
+----
+
+Adding eBPF support may require additional installations. The installation
+script already includes tools like llvm, clang, libbpf-dev, etc.
+For some programs, you may have to build kernel by downloading the source.
+In the folder where you have kernel source, run:
+```
+make oldconfig && make prepare && make headers_install && make
+```
+While building any program, if you encounter an error with bpf.h in
+include/linux/ folder, get the latest of bcc from iovisor project,
+using following commands
+
+```
+apt purge bpfcc-tools libbpfcc python3-bpfcc
+wget https://github.com/iovisor/bcc/releases/download/v0.25.0/bcc-src-with-submodule.tar.gz
+tar xf bcc-src-with-submodule.tar.gz
+cd bcc/
+apt install -y python-is-python3
+apt install -y bison build-essential cmake flex git libedit-dev   libllvm11 llvm-11-dev libclang-11-dev zlib1g-dev libelf-dev libfl-dev python3-distutils
+apt install -y checkinstall
+mkdir build
+cd build/
+cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr -DPYTHON_CMD=python3 ..
+make
+checkinstall
+```   
diff --git a/systems/debian/build_base_machine.sh b/systems/debian/build_base_machine.sh
index e41837a2..0c078140 100755
--- a/systems/debian/build_base_machine.sh
+++ b/systems/debian/build_base_machine.sh
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@ apt-get -y install python3-venv
 apt-get -y install python3-pyelftools
 apt-get -y install meson
 apt-get -y install ninja-build
+apt-get -y install clang
+apt-get -y install llvm
 
 # Make and Compilers
 apt-get -y install make
@@ -40,3 +42,7 @@ apt-get -y install libssl1.1
 apt-get -y install libxml2
 apt-get -y install zlib1g-dev
 apt-get -y install scapy
+apt-get -y install libbpf-dev
+apt-get -y install libelf-dev
+apt-get -y install linux-tools-$(uname -r)
+apt-get -y install linux-cloud-tools-$(uname -r)
diff --git a/systems/fedora/33/build_base_machine.sh b/systems/fedora/33/build_base_machine.sh
index f3a27644..a6a973ce 100644
--- a/systems/fedora/33/build_base_machine.sh
+++ b/systems/fedora/33/build_base_machine.sh
@@ -51,6 +51,10 @@ cifs-utils
 socat
 sysstat
 sshpass
+llvm
+clang
+libbpf-devel
+
 
 # install python packages
 python3-virtualenv
diff --git a/systems/fedora/36/build_base_machine.sh b/systems/fedora/36/build_base_machine.sh
index f3a27644..a9a7f63b 100755
--- a/systems/fedora/36/build_base_machine.sh
+++ b/systems/fedora/36/build_base_machine.sh
@@ -51,6 +51,9 @@ cifs-utils
 socat
 sysstat
 sshpass
+llvm
+clang
+libbpf-devel
 
 # install python packages
 python3-virtualenv
diff --git a/systems/ubuntu/build_base_machine.sh b/systems/ubuntu/build_base_machine.sh
index 910cd173..c66fae43 100755
--- a/systems/ubuntu/build_base_machine.sh
+++ b/systems/ubuntu/build_base_machine.sh
@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ apt-get -y install scapy
 apt-get -y install meson
 apt-get -y install ninja-build
 apt-get -y install python3-pyelftools
+apt-get -y install clang
+apt-get -y install llvm
 
 # Linux Kernel Source
 apt-get -y install linux-source
@@ -50,6 +52,10 @@ apt-get -y install libfuse-dev
 apt-get -y install libnuma1
 apt-get -y install libnuma-dev
 apt-get -y install sshpass
+apt-get -y install libelf-dev
+apt-get -y install libbpf-dev
+apt-get -y install linux-tools-$(uname -r)
+apt-get -y install linux-cloud-tools-$(uname -r)
 
 # Some useful tools you may optionally install
 #apt-get -y install ctags