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authorBrady Johnson <brady.allen.johnson@ericsson.com>2017-02-10 13:01:52 +0100
committerBrady Johnson <brady.allen.johnson@ericsson.com>2017-02-10 13:10:36 +0100
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tree7aa1d737bfeb30b90d9236609f6ba75025636ad7 /docs/design/architecture.rst
parent773acea6072b38a8b63433ebb53ac86dc522467b (diff)
Migrate docs to the new Danube dir structure
Change-Id: I6bdfd21add4d04f0fee988f83888c1edcc488951 Signed-off-by: Brady Johnson <brady.allen.johnson@ericsson.com>
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-.. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
-.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0
-
-Architecture
-------------
-
-This section describes the architectural approach to incorporating the upstream
-OpenDaylight (ODL) SFC project into the OPNFV Colorado platform.
-
-Service Functions
-+++++++++++++++++
-
-A Service Function (SF) is a Function that provides services to flows traversing
-a Service Chain. Examples of typical SFs include: Firewall, NAT, QoS, and DPI.
-In the context of OPNFV, the SF will be a Virtual Network Function. The SFs
-receive data packets from a Service Function Forwarder.
-
-Service Function Forwarders
-+++++++++++++++++++++++++++
-
-The Service Function Forwarder (SFF) is the core element used in Service
-Chaining. It is an OpenFlow switch that, in the context of OPNFV, is hosted
-in an OVS bridge. In OPNFV there will be one SFF per Compute Node that will
-be hosted in the "br-int" OpenStack OVS bridge.
-
-The responsibility of the SFF is to steer incoming packets to the corresponding
-Service Function, or to the SFF in the next compute node. The flows in the SFF
-are programmed by the OpenDaylight SFC SDN Controller.
-
-Service Chains
-++++++++++++++
-
-Service Chains are defined in the OpenDaylight SFC Controller using the
-following constructs:
-
-SFC
- A Service Function Chain (SFC) is an ordered list of abstract SF types.
-
-SFP
- A Service Function Path (SFP) references an SFC, and optionally provides
- concrete information about the SFC, like concrete SF instances. If SF
- instances are not supplied, then the RSP will choose them.
-
-RSP
- A Rendered Service Path (RSP) is the actual Service Chain. An RSP references
- an SFP, and effectively merges the information from the SFP and SFC to create
- the Service Chain. If concrete SF details were not provided in the SFP, then
- SF selection algorithms are used to choose one. When the RSP is created, the
- OpenFlows will be programmed and written to the SFF(s).
-
-Service Chaining Encapsulation
-++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
-
-Service Chaining Encapsulation encapsulates traffic sent through the Service
-Chaining domain to facilitate easier steering of packets through Service Chains.
-If no Service Chaining Encapsulation is used, then packets much be classified
-at every hop of the chain, which would be slow and would not scale well.
-
-In ODL SFC, Network Service Headers (NSH) is used for Service Chaining
-encapsulation. NSH is an IETF specification that uses 2 main header
-fields to facilitate packet steering, namely:
-
-NSP (NSH Path)
- The NSP is the Service Path ID.
-
-NSI (NSH Index)
- The NSI is the Hop in the Service Chain. The NSI starts at 255 and is
- decremented by every SF. If the NSI reaches 0, then the packet is dropped
- which avoids loop detections.
-
-NSH also has metadata fields, but that's beyond the scope of this architecture.
-
-In ODL SFC, NSH packets are encapsulated in VXLAN-GPE.
-
-Classifiers
-+++++++++++
-
-A classifier is the entry point into Service Chaining. The role of the
-classifier is to map incoming traffic to Service Chains. In ODL SFC, this
-mapping is performed by matching the packets and encapsulating the packets in
-a VXLAN-GPE NSH tunnel.
-
-The packet matching is specific to the classifier implementation, but can be
-as simple as an ACL, or can be more complex by using PCRF information or DPI.
-
-VNF Manager
-+++++++++++
-
-In OPNFV SFC, a VNF Manager is needed to spin-up VMs for Service Functions.
-It has been decided to use the OpenStack Tacker VNF Mgr to spin-up and manage
-the life cylcle of the SFs. Tacker will receive the ODL SFC configuration,
-manage the SF VMs, and forward the configuration to ODL SFC. The following
-sequence diagram details the interactions with the VNF Mgr:
-
-.. image:: ./images/OPNFV_SFC_Brahmaputra_SfCreation.jpg
-
-OPNFV SFC Network Topology
-++++++++++++++++++++++++++
-
-The following image details the Network Topology used in OPNFV Colorado SFC:
-
-.. image:: ./images/OPNFV_SFC_Brahmaputra_NW_Topology.jpg
-
-
-OVS NSH patch workaround
-++++++++++++++++++++++++
-
-When using NSH with VXLAN tunnels, its important that the VXLAN tunnel is
-terminated in the SF VM. This allows the SF to see the NSH header, allowing
-it to decrement the NSI and also to use the NSH metadata. When using VXLAN with
-OpenStack, the tunnels are not terminated in the VM, but in the "br-int" OVS
-bridge. There is work ongoing in the upstream OVS community to implemement NSH
-encapsulation. To get around the way OpenStack handles VXLAN tunnels, the OVS
-work will also include the ability to encapsulate/decapsulate VXLAN tunnels from
-OpenFlow rules, instead of relying on the Vtep ports. The ongoing upstream OVS
-work will not be finished by the time OPNFV Colorado is released, so
-a work-around has been created. This work-around will use a private branch of
-OVS that has a preliminary version of NSH implemented.
-
-The following diagram illustrates how packets will be sent to an SF, when the
-SFF has processed the packet and wants to send it to the SF:
-
-.. image:: ./images/OPNFV_SFC_BrahmaputraOvsNshWorkaround_toSf.jpg
-
-The following diagram illustrates how packets will sent from an SF to an SFF,
-once the SF has processed a packet:
-
-.. image:: ./images/OPNFV_SFC_BrahmaputraOvsNshWorkaround_fromSf.jpg
-