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authorRuan HE <ruan.he@orange.com>2015-09-04 07:35:06 +0000
committerGerrit Code Review <gerrit@172.30.200.206>2015-09-04 07:35:06 +0000
commitca6aa8198d2335f8c326c3dd4d26bf5899064214 (patch)
tree6274a2d971fc0cac0896efe8583927d0190e3d20 /moon-abe/pbc-0.5.14/ecc/curve.c
parent92fd2dbfb672d7b2b1cdfd5dd5cf89f7716b3e12 (diff)
parent3baeb11a8fbcfcdbc31976d421f17b85503b3ecd (diff)
Merge "init attribute-based encryption"
Diffstat (limited to 'moon-abe/pbc-0.5.14/ecc/curve.c')
-rw-r--r--moon-abe/pbc-0.5.14/ecc/curve.c987
1 files changed, 987 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/moon-abe/pbc-0.5.14/ecc/curve.c b/moon-abe/pbc-0.5.14/ecc/curve.c
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3bc1f020
--- /dev/null
+++ b/moon-abe/pbc-0.5.14/ecc/curve.c
@@ -0,0 +1,987 @@
+#include <ctype.h>
+#include <stdarg.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdint.h> // for intptr_t
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <gmp.h>
+#include "pbc_utils.h"
+#include "pbc_field.h"
+#include "pbc_multiz.h"
+#include "pbc_poly.h"
+#include "pbc_curve.h"
+#include "pbc_memory.h"
+#include "pbc_random.h"
+#include "misc/darray.h"
+
+// Per-field data.
+typedef struct {
+ field_ptr field; // The field where the curve is defined.
+ element_t a, b; // The curve is E: Y^2 = X^3 + a X + b.
+ // cofac == NULL means we're using the whole group of points.
+ // otherwise we're working in the subgroup of order #E / cofac,
+ // where #E is the number of points in E.
+ mpz_ptr cofac;
+ // A generator of E.
+ element_t gen_no_cofac;
+ // A generator of the subgroup.
+ element_t gen;
+ // A non-NULL quotient_cmp means we are working with the quotient group of
+ // order #E / quotient_cmp, and the points are actually coset
+ // representatives. Thus for a comparison, we must multiply by quotient_cmp
+ // before comparing.
+ mpz_ptr quotient_cmp;
+} *curve_data_ptr;
+
+// Per-element data. Elements of this group are points on the elliptic curve.
+typedef struct {
+ int inf_flag; // inf_flag == 1 means O, the point at infinity.
+ element_t x, y; // Otherwise we have the finite point (x, y).
+} *point_ptr;
+
+static void curve_init(element_ptr e) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = e->field->data;
+ point_ptr p = e->data = pbc_malloc(sizeof(*p));
+ element_init(p->x, cdp->field);
+ element_init(p->y, cdp->field);
+ p->inf_flag = 1;
+}
+
+static void curve_clear(element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr p = e->data;
+ element_clear(p->x);
+ element_clear(p->y);
+ pbc_free(e->data);
+}
+
+static int curve_is_valid_point(element_ptr e) {
+ element_t t0, t1;
+ int result;
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = e->field->data;
+ point_ptr p = e->data;
+
+ if (p->inf_flag) return 1;
+
+ element_init(t0, cdp->field);
+ element_init(t1, cdp->field);
+ element_square(t0, p->x);
+ element_add(t0, t0, cdp->a);
+ element_mul(t0, t0, p->x);
+ element_add(t0, t0, cdp->b);
+ element_square(t1, p->y);
+ result = !element_cmp(t0, t1);
+
+ element_clear(t0);
+ element_clear(t1);
+ return result;
+}
+
+static void curve_invert(element_ptr c, element_ptr a) {
+ point_ptr r = c->data, p = a->data;
+
+ if (p->inf_flag) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ return;
+ }
+ r->inf_flag = 0;
+ element_set(r->x, p->x);
+ element_neg(r->y, p->y);
+}
+
+static void curve_set(element_ptr c, element_ptr a) {
+ point_ptr r = c->data, p = a->data;
+ if (p->inf_flag) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ return;
+ }
+ r->inf_flag = 0;
+ element_set(r->x, p->x);
+ element_set(r->y, p->y);
+}
+
+static inline void double_no_check(point_ptr r, point_ptr p, element_ptr a) {
+ element_t lambda, e0, e1;
+ field_ptr f = r->x->field;
+
+ element_init(lambda, f);
+ element_init(e0, f);
+ element_init(e1, f);
+
+ //lambda = (3x^2 + a) / 2y
+ element_square(lambda, p->x);
+ element_mul_si(lambda, lambda, 3);
+ element_add(lambda, lambda, a);
+
+ element_double(e0, p->y);
+
+ element_invert(e0, e0);
+ element_mul(lambda, lambda, e0);
+ //x1 = lambda^2 - 2x
+ //element_add(e1, p->x, p->x);
+ element_double(e1, p->x);
+ element_square(e0, lambda);
+ element_sub(e0, e0, e1);
+ //y1 = (x - x1)lambda - y
+ element_sub(e1, p->x, e0);
+ element_mul(e1, e1, lambda);
+ element_sub(e1, e1, p->y);
+
+ element_set(r->x, e0);
+ element_set(r->y, e1);
+ r->inf_flag = 0;
+
+ element_clear(lambda);
+ element_clear(e0);
+ element_clear(e1);
+ return;
+}
+
+static void curve_double(element_ptr c, element_ptr a) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+ point_ptr r = c->data, p = a->data;
+ if (p->inf_flag) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ return;
+ }
+ if (element_is0(p->y)) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ return;
+ }
+ double_no_check(r, p, cdp->a);
+}
+
+static void curve_mul(element_ptr c, element_ptr a, element_ptr b) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+ point_ptr r = c->data, p = a->data, q = b->data;
+
+ if (p->inf_flag) {
+ curve_set(c, b);
+ return;
+ }
+ if (q->inf_flag) {
+ curve_set(c, a);
+ return;
+ }
+ if (!element_cmp(p->x, q->x)) {
+ if (!element_cmp(p->y, q->y)) {
+ if (element_is0(p->y)) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ return;
+ } else {
+ double_no_check(r, p, cdp->a);
+ return;
+ }
+ }
+ //points are inverses of each other
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ return;
+ } else {
+ element_t lambda, e0, e1;
+
+ element_init(lambda, cdp->field);
+ element_init(e0, cdp->field);
+ element_init(e1, cdp->field);
+
+ //lambda = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
+ element_sub(e0, q->x, p->x);
+ element_invert(e0, e0);
+ element_sub(lambda, q->y, p->y);
+ element_mul(lambda, lambda, e0);
+ //x3 = lambda^2 - x1 - x2
+ element_square(e0, lambda);
+ element_sub(e0, e0, p->x);
+ element_sub(e0, e0, q->x);
+ //y3 = (x1-x3)lambda - y1
+ element_sub(e1, p->x, e0);
+ element_mul(e1, e1, lambda);
+ element_sub(e1, e1, p->y);
+
+ element_set(r->x, e0);
+ element_set(r->y, e1);
+ r->inf_flag = 0;
+
+ element_clear(lambda);
+ element_clear(e0);
+ element_clear(e1);
+ }
+}
+
+//compute c_i=a_i+a_i at one time.
+static void multi_double(element_ptr c[], element_ptr a[], int n) {
+ int i;
+ element_t* table = pbc_malloc(sizeof(element_t)*n); //a big problem?
+ element_t e0, e1, e2;
+ point_ptr q, r;
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a[0]->field->data;
+
+ q=a[0]->data;
+ element_init(e0,q->y->field);
+ element_init(e1,q->y->field);
+ element_init(e2,q->y->field);
+
+ for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ q=a[i]->data; r=c[i]->data;
+ element_init(table[i],q->y->field);
+
+ if (q->inf_flag) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (element_is0(q->y)) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ //to compute 1/2y multi. see Cohen's GTM139 Algorithm 10.3.4
+ for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ q=a[i]->data;
+ element_double(table[i],q->y);
+ if(i>0) element_mul(table[i],table[i],table[i-1]);
+ }
+ element_invert(e2,table[n-1]); //ONLY ONE inv is required now.
+ for(i=n-1; i>0; i--){
+ q=a[i]->data;
+ element_mul(table[i],table[i-1],e2);
+ element_mul(e2,e2,q->y);
+ element_double(e2,e2); //e2=e2*2y_j
+ }
+ element_set(table[0],e2); //e2 no longer used.
+
+ for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ q=a[i]->data;
+ r=c[i]->data;
+ if(r->inf_flag) continue;
+
+ //e2=lambda = (3x^2 + a) / 2y
+ element_square(e2, q->x);
+ element_mul_si(e2, e2, 3);
+ element_add(e2, e2, cdp->a);
+
+ element_mul(e2, e2, table[i]); //Recall that table[i]=1/2y_i
+ //x1 = lambda^2 - 2x
+ element_double(e1, q->x);
+ element_square(e0, e2);
+ element_sub(e0, e0, e1);
+ //y1 = (x - x1)lambda - y
+ element_sub(e1, q->x, e0);
+ element_mul(e1, e1, e2);
+ element_sub(e1, e1, q->y);
+ element_set(r->x, e0);
+ element_set(r->y, e1);
+ r->inf_flag = 0;
+ }
+
+ element_clear(e0);
+ element_clear(e1);
+ element_clear(e2);
+ for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ element_clear(table[i]);
+ }
+ pbc_free(table);
+}
+
+//compute c_i=a_i+b_i at one time.
+static void multi_add(element_ptr c[], element_ptr a[], element_ptr b[], int n){
+ int i;
+ element_t* table = pbc_malloc(sizeof(element_t)*n); //a big problem?
+ point_ptr p, q, r;
+ element_t e0, e1, e2;
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a[0]->field->data;
+
+ p = a[0]->data;
+ q = b[0]->data;
+ element_init(e0, p->x->field);
+ element_init(e1, p->x->field);
+ element_init(e2, p->x->field);
+
+ element_init(table[0], p->x->field);
+ element_sub(table[0], q->x, p->x);
+ for(i=1; i<n; i++){
+ p = a[i]->data;
+ q = b[i]->data;
+ element_init(table[i], p->x->field);
+ element_sub(table[i], q->x, p->x);
+ element_mul(table[i], table[i], table[i-1]);
+ }
+ element_invert(e2, table[n-1]);
+ for(i=n-1; i>0; i--){
+ p = a[i]->data;
+ q = b[i]->data;
+ element_mul(table[i], table[i-1], e2);
+ element_sub(e1, q->x, p->x);
+ element_mul(e2,e2,e1); //e2=e2*(x2_j-x1_j)
+ }
+ element_set(table[0],e2); //e2 no longer used.
+
+ for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ p = a[i]->data;
+ q = b[i]->data;
+ r = c[i]->data;
+ if (p->inf_flag) {
+ curve_set(c[i], b[i]);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (q->inf_flag) {
+ curve_set(c[i], a[i]);
+ continue;
+ }
+ if (!element_cmp(p->x, q->x)) { //a[i]=b[i]
+ if (!element_cmp(p->y, q->y)) {
+ if (element_is0(p->y)) {
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ continue;
+ } else {
+ double_no_check(r, p, cdp->a);
+ continue;
+ }
+ }
+ //points are inverses of each other
+ r->inf_flag = 1;
+ continue;
+ } else {
+ //lambda = (y2-y1)/(x2-x1)
+ element_sub(e2, q->y, p->y);
+ element_mul(e2, e2, table[i]);
+ //x3 = lambda^2 - x1 - x2
+ element_square(e0, e2);
+ element_sub(e0, e0, p->x);
+ element_sub(e0, e0, q->x);
+ //y3 = (x1-x3)lambda - y1
+ element_sub(e1, p->x, e0);
+ element_mul(e1, e1, e2);
+ element_sub(e1, e1, p->y);
+ element_set(r->x, e0);
+ element_set(r->y, e1);
+ r->inf_flag = 0;
+ }
+ }
+ element_clear(e0);
+ element_clear(e1);
+ element_clear(e2);
+ for(i=0; i<n; i++){
+ element_clear(table[i]);
+ }
+ pbc_free(table);
+}
+
+
+static inline int point_cmp(point_ptr p, point_ptr q) {
+ if (p->inf_flag || q->inf_flag) {
+ return !(p->inf_flag && q->inf_flag);
+ }
+ return element_cmp(p->x, q->x) || element_cmp(p->y, q->y);
+}
+
+static int curve_cmp(element_ptr a, element_ptr b) {
+ if (a == b) {
+ return 0;
+ } else {
+ // If we're working with a quotient group we must account for different
+ // representatives of the same coset.
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+ if (cdp->quotient_cmp) {
+ element_t e;
+ element_init_same_as(e, a);
+ element_div(e, a, b);
+ element_pow_mpz(e, e, cdp->quotient_cmp);
+ int result = !element_is1(e);
+ element_clear(e);
+ return result;
+ }
+ return point_cmp(a->data, b->data);
+ }
+}
+
+static void curve_set1(element_ptr x) {
+ point_ptr p = x->data;
+ p->inf_flag = 1;
+}
+
+static int curve_is1(element_ptr x) {
+ point_ptr p = x->data;
+ return p->inf_flag;
+}
+
+static void curve_random_no_cofac_solvefory(element_ptr a) {
+ //TODO: with 0.5 probability negate y-coord
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+ point_ptr p = a->data;
+ element_t t;
+
+ element_init(t, cdp->field);
+ p->inf_flag = 0;
+ do {
+ element_random(p->x);
+ element_square(t, p->x);
+ element_add(t, t, cdp->a);
+ element_mul(t, t, p->x);
+ element_add(t, t, cdp->b);
+ } while (!element_is_sqr(t));
+ element_sqrt(p->y, t);
+ element_clear(t);
+}
+
+static void curve_random_solvefory(element_ptr a) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+ curve_random_no_cofac_solvefory(a);
+ if (cdp->cofac) element_mul_mpz(a, a, cdp->cofac);
+}
+
+static void curve_random_pointmul(element_ptr a) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+ mpz_t x;
+ mpz_init(x);
+
+ pbc_mpz_random(x, a->field->order);
+ element_mul_mpz(a, cdp->gen, x);
+ mpz_clear(x);
+}
+
+void field_curve_use_random_solvefory(field_ptr f) {
+ f->random = curve_random_solvefory;
+}
+
+void curve_set_gen_no_cofac(element_ptr a) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+ element_set(a, cdp->gen_no_cofac);
+}
+
+static int curve_sign(element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr p = e->data;
+ if (p->inf_flag) return 0;
+ return element_sign(p->y);
+}
+
+static void curve_from_hash(element_t a, void *data, int len) {
+ element_t t, t1;
+ point_ptr p = a->data;
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = a->field->data;
+
+ element_init(t, cdp->field);
+ element_init(t1, cdp->field);
+ p->inf_flag = 0;
+ element_from_hash(p->x, data, len);
+ for(;;) {
+ element_square(t, p->x);
+ element_add(t, t, cdp->a);
+ element_mul(t, t, p->x);
+ element_add(t, t, cdp->b);
+ if (element_is_sqr(t)) break;
+ // Compute x <- x^2 + 1 and try again.
+ element_square(p->x, p->x);
+ element_set1(t);
+ element_add(p->x, p->x, t);
+ }
+ element_sqrt(p->y, t);
+ if (element_sgn(p->y) < 0) element_neg(p->y, p->y);
+
+ if (cdp->cofac) element_mul_mpz(a, a, cdp->cofac);
+
+ element_clear(t);
+ element_clear(t1);
+}
+
+static size_t curve_out_str(FILE *stream, int base, element_ptr a) {
+ point_ptr p = a->data;
+ size_t result, status;
+ if (p->inf_flag) {
+ if (EOF == fputc('O', stream)) return 0;
+ return 1;
+ }
+ if (EOF == fputc('[', stream)) return 0;
+ result = element_out_str(stream, base, p->x);
+ if (!result) return 0;
+ if (EOF == fputs(", ", stream)) return 0;
+ status = element_out_str(stream, base, p->y);
+ if (!status) return 0;
+ if (EOF == fputc(']', stream)) return 0;
+ return result + status + 4;
+}
+
+static int curve_snprint(char *s, size_t n, element_ptr a) {
+ point_ptr p = a->data;
+ size_t result = 0, left;
+ int status;
+
+ #define clip_sub() { \
+ result += status; \
+ left = result >= n ? 0 : n - result; \
+ }
+
+ if (p->inf_flag) {
+ status = snprintf(s, n, "O");
+ if (status < 0) return status;
+ return 1;
+ }
+
+ status = snprintf(s, n, "[");
+ if (status < 0) return status;
+ clip_sub();
+ status = element_snprint(s + result, left, p->x);
+ if (status < 0) return status;
+ clip_sub();
+ status = snprintf(s + result, left, ", ");
+ if (status < 0) return status;
+ clip_sub();
+ status = element_snprint(s + result, left, p->y);
+ if (status < 0) return status;
+ clip_sub();
+ status = snprintf(s + result, left, "]");
+ if (status < 0) return status;
+ return result + status;
+ #undef clip_sub
+}
+
+static void curve_set_multiz(element_ptr a, multiz m) {
+ if (multiz_is_z(m)) {
+ if (multiz_is0(m)) {
+ element_set0(a);
+ return;
+ }
+ pbc_warn("bad multiz");
+ return;
+ } else {
+ if (multiz_count(m) < 2) {
+ pbc_warn("multiz has too few coefficients");
+ return;
+ }
+ point_ptr p = a->data;
+ p->inf_flag = 0;
+ element_set_multiz(p->x, multiz_at(m, 0));
+ element_set_multiz(p->y, multiz_at(m, 1));
+ }
+}
+
+static int curve_set_str(element_ptr e, const char *s, int base) {
+ point_ptr p = e->data;
+ const char *cp = s;
+ element_set0(e);
+ while (*cp && isspace(*cp)) cp++;
+ if (*cp == 'O') {
+ return cp - s + 1;
+ }
+ p->inf_flag = 0;
+ if (*cp != '[') return 0;
+ cp++;
+ cp += element_set_str(p->x, cp, base);
+ while (*cp && isspace(*cp)) cp++;
+ if (*cp != ',') return 0;
+ cp++;
+ cp += element_set_str(p->y, cp, base);
+ if (*cp != ']') return 0;
+
+ if (!curve_is_valid_point(e)) {
+ element_set0(e);
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return cp - s + 1;
+}
+
+static void field_clear_curve(field_t f) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp;
+ cdp = f->data;
+ element_clear(cdp->gen);
+ element_clear(cdp->gen_no_cofac);
+ if (cdp->cofac) {
+ mpz_clear(cdp->cofac);
+ pbc_free(cdp->cofac);
+ }
+ if (cdp->quotient_cmp) {
+ mpz_clear(cdp->quotient_cmp);
+ pbc_free(cdp->quotient_cmp);
+ }
+ element_clear(cdp->a);
+ element_clear(cdp->b);
+ pbc_free(cdp);
+}
+
+static int curve_length_in_bytes(element_ptr x) {
+ point_ptr p = x->data;
+ return element_length_in_bytes(p->x) + element_length_in_bytes(p->y);
+}
+
+static int curve_to_bytes(unsigned char *data, element_t e) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ int len;
+ len = element_to_bytes(data, P->x);
+ len += element_to_bytes(data + len, P->y);
+ return len;
+}
+
+static int curve_from_bytes(element_t e, unsigned char *data) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ int len;
+
+ P->inf_flag = 0;
+ len = element_from_bytes(P->x, data);
+ len += element_from_bytes(P->y, data + len);
+ //if point does not lie on curve, set it to O
+ if (!curve_is_valid_point(e)) {
+ element_set0(e);
+ }
+ return len;
+}
+
+static void curve_out_info(FILE *out, field_t f) {
+ int len;
+ fprintf(out, "elliptic curve");
+ if ((len = f->fixed_length_in_bytes)) {
+ fprintf(out, ", bits per coord = %d", len * 8 / 2);
+ } else {
+ fprintf(out, "variable-length");
+ }
+}
+
+static int odd_curve_is_sqr(element_ptr e) {
+ UNUSED_VAR(e);
+ return 1;
+}
+
+//TODO: untested
+static int even_curve_is_sqr(element_ptr e) {
+ mpz_t z;
+ element_t e1;
+ int result;
+
+ mpz_init(z);
+ element_init(e1, e->field);
+ mpz_sub_ui(z, e->field->order, 1);
+ mpz_fdiv_q_2exp(z, z, 1);
+ element_pow_mpz(e1, e, z);
+ result = element_is1(e1);
+
+ mpz_clear(z);
+ element_clear(e1);
+ return result;
+}
+
+static int curve_item_count(element_ptr e) {
+ if (element_is0(e)) {
+ return 0;
+ }
+ return 2;
+}
+
+static element_ptr curve_item(element_ptr e, int i) {
+ if (element_is0(e)) return NULL;
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ switch(i) {
+ case 0:
+ return P->x;
+ case 1:
+ return P->y;
+ default:
+ return NULL;
+ }
+}
+
+static element_ptr curve_get_x(element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ return P->x;
+}
+
+static element_ptr curve_get_y(element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ return P->y;
+}
+
+void field_init_curve_ab(field_ptr f, element_ptr a, element_ptr b, mpz_t order, mpz_t cofac) {
+ /*
+ if (element_is0(a)) {
+ c->double_nocheck = cc_double_no_check_ais0;
+ } else {
+ c->double_nocheck = cc_double_no_check;
+ }
+ */
+ curve_data_ptr cdp;
+ field_init(f);
+ mpz_set(f->order, order);
+ cdp = f->data = pbc_malloc(sizeof(*cdp));
+ cdp->field = a->field;
+ element_init(cdp->a, cdp->field);
+ element_init(cdp->b, cdp->field);
+ element_set(cdp->a, a);
+ element_set(cdp->b, b);
+
+ f->init = curve_init;
+ f->clear = curve_clear;
+ f->neg = f->invert = curve_invert;
+ f->square = f->doub = curve_double;
+ f->multi_doub = multi_double;
+ f->add = f->mul = curve_mul;
+ f->multi_add = multi_add;
+ f->mul_mpz = element_pow_mpz;
+ f->cmp = curve_cmp;
+ f->set0 = f->set1 = curve_set1;
+ f->is0 = f->is1 = curve_is1;
+ f->sign = curve_sign;
+ f->set = curve_set;
+ f->random = curve_random_pointmul;
+ //f->random = curve_random_solvefory;
+ f->from_hash = curve_from_hash;
+ f->out_str = curve_out_str;
+ f->snprint = curve_snprint;
+ f->set_multiz = curve_set_multiz;
+ f->set_str = curve_set_str;
+ f->field_clear = field_clear_curve;
+ if (cdp->field->fixed_length_in_bytes < 0) {
+ f->length_in_bytes = curve_length_in_bytes;
+ } else {
+ f->fixed_length_in_bytes = 2 * cdp->field->fixed_length_in_bytes;
+ }
+ f->to_bytes = curve_to_bytes;
+ f->from_bytes = curve_from_bytes;
+ f->out_info = curve_out_info;
+ f->item_count = curve_item_count;
+ f->item = curve_item;
+ f->get_x = curve_get_x;
+ f->get_y = curve_get_y;
+
+ if (mpz_odd_p(order)) {
+ f->is_sqr = odd_curve_is_sqr;
+ } else {
+ f->is_sqr = even_curve_is_sqr;
+ }
+
+ element_init(cdp->gen_no_cofac, f);
+ element_init(cdp->gen, f);
+ curve_random_no_cofac_solvefory(cdp->gen_no_cofac);
+ if (cofac) {
+ cdp->cofac = pbc_malloc(sizeof(mpz_t));
+ mpz_init(cdp->cofac);
+ mpz_set(cdp->cofac, cofac);
+ element_mul_mpz(cdp->gen, cdp->gen_no_cofac, cofac);
+ } else{
+ cdp->cofac = NULL;
+ element_set(cdp->gen, cdp->gen_no_cofac);
+ }
+ cdp->quotient_cmp = NULL;
+}
+
+// Requires e to be a point on an elliptic curve.
+int element_to_bytes_compressed(unsigned char *data, element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ int len;
+ len = element_to_bytes(data, P->x);
+ if (element_sign(P->y) > 0) {
+ data[len] = 1;
+ } else {
+ data[len] = 0;
+ }
+ len++;
+ return len;
+}
+
+// Computes a point on the elliptic curve Y^2 = X^3 + a X + b given its
+// x-coordinate.
+// Requires a solution to exist.
+static void point_from_x(point_ptr p, element_t x, element_t a, element_t b) {
+ element_t t;
+
+ element_init(t, x->field);
+ p->inf_flag = 0;
+ element_square(t, x);
+ element_add(t, t, a);
+ element_mul(t, t, x);
+ element_add(t, t, b);
+ element_sqrt(p->y, t);
+ element_set(p->x, x);
+
+ element_clear(t);
+}
+
+void curve_from_x(element_ptr e, element_t x) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = e->field->data;
+ point_from_x(e->data, x, cdp->a, cdp->b);
+}
+
+// Requires e to be a point on an elliptic curve.
+int element_from_bytes_compressed(element_ptr e, unsigned char *data) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = e->field->data;
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ int len;
+ len = element_from_bytes(P->x, data);
+ point_from_x(P, P->x, cdp->a, cdp->b);
+
+ if (data[len]) {
+ if (element_sign(P->y) < 0) element_neg(P->y, P->y);
+ } else if (element_sign(P->y) > 0) {
+ element_neg(P->y, P->y);
+ }
+ len++;
+ return len;
+}
+
+int element_length_in_bytes_compressed(element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ return element_length_in_bytes(P->x) + 1;
+}
+
+// Requires e to be a point on an elliptic curve.
+int element_to_bytes_x_only(unsigned char *data, element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ int len;
+ len = element_to_bytes(data, P->x);
+ return len;
+}
+
+// Requires e to be a point on an elliptic curve.
+int element_from_bytes_x_only(element_ptr e, unsigned char *data) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = e->field->data;
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ int len;
+ len = element_from_bytes(P->x, data);
+ point_from_x(P, P->x, cdp->a, cdp->b);
+ return len;
+}
+
+int element_length_in_bytes_x_only(element_ptr e) {
+ point_ptr P = e->data;
+ return element_length_in_bytes(P->x);
+}
+
+inline element_ptr curve_x_coord(element_t e) {
+ return ((point_ptr) e->data)->x;
+}
+
+inline element_ptr curve_y_coord(element_t e) {
+ return ((point_ptr) e->data)->y;
+}
+
+inline element_ptr curve_a_coeff(element_t e) {
+ return ((curve_data_ptr) e->field->data)->a;
+}
+
+inline element_ptr curve_b_coeff(element_t e) {
+ return ((curve_data_ptr) e->field->data)->b;
+}
+
+inline element_ptr curve_field_a_coeff(field_t f) {
+ return ((curve_data_ptr) f->data)->a;
+}
+
+inline element_ptr curve_field_b_coeff(field_t f) {
+ return ((curve_data_ptr) f->data)->b;
+}
+
+void field_init_curve_ab_map(field_t cnew, field_t c,
+ fieldmap map, field_ptr mapdest,
+ mpz_t ordernew, mpz_t cofacnew) {
+ element_t a, b;
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = c->data;
+
+ element_init(a, mapdest);
+ element_init(b, mapdest);
+
+ map(a, cdp->a);
+ map(b, cdp->b);
+
+ field_init_curve_ab(cnew, a, b, ordernew, cofacnew);
+ element_clear(a);
+ element_clear(b);
+}
+
+// Existing points are invalidated as this mangles c.
+void field_reinit_curve_twist(field_ptr c) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = c->data;
+ element_ptr nqr = field_get_nqr(cdp->field);
+ element_mul(cdp->a, cdp->a, nqr);
+ element_mul(cdp->a, cdp->a, nqr);
+ element_mul(cdp->b, cdp->b, nqr);
+ element_mul(cdp->b, cdp->b, nqr);
+ element_mul(cdp->b, cdp->b, nqr);
+
+ // Recompute generators.
+ curve_random_no_cofac_solvefory(cdp->gen_no_cofac);
+ if (cdp->cofac) {
+ element_mul_mpz(cdp->gen, cdp->gen_no_cofac, cdp->cofac);
+ } else{
+ element_set(cdp->gen, cdp->gen_no_cofac);
+ }
+}
+
+// I could generalize this for all fields, but is there any point?
+void field_curve_set_quotient_cmp(field_ptr c, mpz_t quotient_cmp) {
+ curve_data_ptr cdp = c->data;
+ cdp->quotient_cmp = pbc_malloc(sizeof(mpz_t));
+ mpz_init(cdp->quotient_cmp);
+ mpz_set(cdp->quotient_cmp, quotient_cmp);
+}
+
+// Requires j != 0, 1728.
+void field_init_curve_j(field_ptr f, element_ptr j, mpz_t order, mpz_t cofac) {
+ element_t a, b;
+ element_init(a, j->field);
+ element_init(b, j->field);
+
+ element_set_si(a, 1728);
+ element_sub(a, a, j);
+ element_invert(a, a);
+ element_mul(a, a, j);
+
+ //b = 2 j / (1728 - j)
+ element_add(b, a, a);
+ //a = 3 j / (1728 - j)
+ element_add(a, a, b);
+ field_init_curve_ab(f, a, b, order, cofac);
+
+ element_clear(a);
+ element_clear(b);
+}
+
+void field_init_curve_b(field_ptr f, element_ptr b, mpz_t order, mpz_t cofac) {
+ element_t a;
+ element_init(a, b->field);
+ field_init_curve_ab(f, a, b, order, cofac);
+
+ element_clear(a);
+}
+
+// Compute trace of Frobenius at q^n given trace at q.
+// See p.105 of Blake, Seroussi and Smart.
+void pbc_mpz_trace_n(mpz_t res, mpz_t q, mpz_t trace, int n) {
+ int i;
+ mpz_t c0, c1, c2;
+ mpz_t t0;
+
+ mpz_init(c0);
+ mpz_init(c1);
+ mpz_init(c2);
+ mpz_init(t0);
+ mpz_set_ui(c2, 2);
+ mpz_set(c1, trace);
+ for (i=2; i<=n; i++) {
+ mpz_mul(c0, trace, c1);
+ mpz_mul(t0, q, c2);
+ mpz_sub(c0, c0, t0);
+ mpz_set(c2, c1);
+ mpz_set(c1, c0);
+ }
+ mpz_set(res, c1);
+ mpz_clear(t0);
+ mpz_clear(c2);
+ mpz_clear(c1);
+ mpz_clear(c0);
+}
+
+// Given q, t such that #E(F_q) = q - t + 1, compute #E(F_q^k).
+void pbc_mpz_curve_order_extn(mpz_t res, mpz_t q, mpz_t t, int k) {
+ mpz_t z;
+ mpz_t tk;
+ mpz_init(z);
+ mpz_init(tk);
+ mpz_pow_ui(z, q, k);
+ mpz_add_ui(z, z, 1);
+ pbc_mpz_trace_n(tk, q, t, k);
+ mpz_sub(z, z, tk);
+ mpz_set(res, z);
+ mpz_clear(z);
+ mpz_clear(tk);
+}
+
+void curve_set_si(element_t R, long int x, long int y) {
+ point_ptr p = R->data;
+ element_set_si(p->x, x);
+ element_set_si(p->y, y);
+ p->inf_flag = 0;
+}