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| -rw-r--r-- | setup/VIMs/OpenStack/auto_script_config_openstack_for_onap.py | 664 |
1 files changed, 664 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/setup/VIMs/OpenStack/auto_script_config_openstack_for_onap.py b/setup/VIMs/OpenStack/auto_script_config_openstack_for_onap.py new file mode 100644 index 0000000..88ba037 --- /dev/null +++ b/setup/VIMs/OpenStack/auto_script_config_openstack_for_onap.py @@ -0,0 +1,664 @@ +#!/usr/bin/env python3 + +# ===============LICENSE_START======================================================= +# Apache-2.0 +# =================================================================================== +# Copyright (C) 2018 Wipro. All rights reserved. +# =================================================================================== +# +# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); +# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. +# You may obtain a copy of the License at +# +# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 +# +# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software +# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, +# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. +# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and +# limitations under the License. +# ===============LICENSE_END========================================================= + + +# OPNFV Auto project +# https://wiki.opnfv.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=12389095 + +#docstring +"""This script configures an OpenStack instance to make it ready to interface with an ONAP instance, for example to host VM-based VNFs deployed by ONAP. +Auto project: https://wiki.opnfv.org/pages/viewpage.action?pageId=12389095 +""" + +###################################################################### +# This script configures an OpenStack instance (e.g. from an OPNFV installer like FUEL/MCP) to make it +# ready to interface with an ONAP instance, for example to host VM-based VNFs deployed by ONAP. +# After running this script, the created OpenStack object names/IDs can be used for example to populate +# YAML&ENV files used by ONAP (installation of ONAP itself, VNF descriptor files, etc.). + + +###################################################################### +# Overview of the steps: +# +# 1) create an ONAP project/tenant (a tenant is a project; project is a more generic term than tenant) +# (optional, probably not needed: create a new group, which can be associated to a project, and contains users) +# 2) create an ONAP user within the ONAP project, so as not to use the "admin" user for ONAP +# (associate user to group if applicable; credentials: name/pwd or name/APIkey, or token) +# 3) create an ONAP security group, to allow ICMP traffic (for pings) and TCP port 22 (for SSH), rather than changing default security group(s) +# (optional, probably not needed: create new region) +# 4a) create a public network for ONAP VNFs, with ports, subnet, and CIDR block +# (or maybe not necessary? floating_net serves as public/external network and provides pool of floating IP@) +# 4b) create an OAM network for ONAP VNFs, with ports, subnet, and CIDR block +# (ONAP VNFs will be deployed in this OMA/private network, which will be connected by router to an external network) +# 5) create an OpenStack router, with an interface to the OAM/private network (and one to the public network?) +# and a reference to an external network (gateway) +# 6) create VM flavors as needed: m1.medium, etc. +# 7) download images, as needed for ONAP-deployed VNFs: e.g. Ubuntu 14.04, 16.04, ... + + +###################################################################### +# Assumptions: +# - python3 is installed +# - OpenStack SDK is installed for python3 +# - there is a clouds.yaml file (describing the OpenStack instance, especially the Auth URL and admin credentials) +# - the script connects to OpenStack as a user with admin rights + +# typical commands to install OpenStack SDK Python client: +# apt install python3-pip +# pip3 install --upgrade pip +# pip3 list +# pip3 install openstacksdk +# pip3 install --upgrade openstacksdk +# pip3 show openstacksdk +# pip3 check + + +###################################################################### +# useful URLs +# Identity API: https://docs.openstack.org/openstacksdk/latest/user/proxies/identity_v3.html +# (User, Project, Group, region, Role, ...) +# Network API: https://docs.openstack.org/openstacksdk/latest/user/proxies/network.html +# (Network, Subnet, Port, Router, Floating IP, AZ, Flavor, ...) + + +###################################################################### +# script parameters +ONAP_USER_NAME = 'onap_user' +ONAP_USER_PASSWORD = 'auto_topsecret' +ONAP_USER_DESC = 'OpenStack User created for ONAP' + +ONAP_TENANT_NAME = 'onap_tenant' # "project" is a more generic concept than "tenant"; a tenant is type of project +ONAP_TENANT_DESC = 'OpenStack Project/Tenant created for ONAP' + +ONAP_SECU_GRP_NAME = 'ONAP security group' +ONAP_SECU_GRP_DESC = 'Security Group for ONAP' + +ONAP_PUBLIC_NET_NAME = 'onap_public_net' +ONAP_PUBLIC_SUBNET_NAME = 'onap_public_subnet' +ONAP_PUBLIC_SUBNET_CIDR = '10.0.0.0/16' +ONAP_PUBLIC_NET_DESC = 'Public network created for ONAP' + +ONAP_OAM_NET_NAME = 'onap_oam_net' +ONAP_OAM_SUBNET_NAME = 'onap_oam_subnet' +ONAP_OAM_SUBNET_CIDR = '192.168.30.0/24' +ONAP_OAM_NET_DESC = 'OAM network created for ONAP' + +ONAP_ROUTER_NAME = 'onap_router' +ONAP_ROUTER_DESC = 'Router created for ONAP' + +EXTERNAL_NETWORK_NAME = 'floating_net' # external network (gateway) name to be used in OpenStack instance + +# OpenStack cloud name and region name, which should be the same as in the clouds.yaml file used by this script +OPENSTACK_CLOUD_NAME = 'hpe16openstackFraser' +OPENSTACK_REGION_NAME = 'RegionOne' +# OpenStack domain is: Default + + +###################################################################### +# constants which could be parameters +DNS_SERVER_IP = '8.8.8.8' +# IP addresses of free public DNS service from Google: +# - IPv4: 8.8.8.8 and 8.8.4.4 +# - IPv6: 2001:4860:4860::8888 and 2001:4860:4860::8844 + + +###################################################################### +# import statements +import openstack +import argparse + + +###################################################################### +def delete_all_ONAP(): + """Delete all ONAP-specific OpenStack objects (normally not needed, but may be useful during tests).""" + print("\nOPNFV Auto, script to delete ONAP objects in an OpenStack instance") + + try: + # connect to OpenStack instance using Connection object from OpenStack SDK + conn = openstack.connect(cloud=OPENSTACK_CLOUD_NAME, region_name=OPENSTACK_REGION_NAME) + + # delete router; must delete router before networks. + onap_router = conn.network.find_router(ONAP_ROUTER_NAME) + print('DEBUG onap_router:\n',onap_router,'\n\n') + if onap_router != None: + print('Deleting ONAP router...') + conn.network.delete_router(onap_router.id) + else: + print('No ONAP router found...') + + # delete OAM network (which should also delete associated subnet and ports if any) + oam_network = conn.network.find_network(ONAP_OAM_NET_NAME) + print('DEBUG oam_network:\n',oam_network,'\n\n') + if oam_network != None: + print('Deleting ONAP OAM network...') + conn.network.delete_network(oam_network.id) + else: + print('No ONAP OAM network found...') + + # delete public network (which should also delete associated subnet and ports if any) + public_network = conn.network.find_network(ONAP_PUBLIC_NET_NAME) + print('DEBUG public_network:\n',public_network,'\n\n') + if public_network != None: + print('Deleting ONAP public network...') + conn.network.delete_network(public_network.id) + else: + print('No ONAP public network found...') + + # delete security group + onap_security_group = conn.network.find_security_group(ONAP_SECU_GRP_NAME) + print('DEBUG onap_security_group:\n',onap_security_group,'\n\n') + if onap_security_group != None: + print('Deleting ONAP security group...') + conn.network.delete_security_group(onap_security_group.id) + else: + print('No ONAP security group found...') + + # # delete user + # onap_user = conn.identity.find_user(ONAP_USER_NAME) + # if onap_user != None: + # print('Deleting ONAP user...') + # conn.identity.delete_user(onap_user.id) + # else: + # print('No ONAP user found...') + + # # delete project/tenant + # onap_project = conn.identity.find_project(ONAP_TENANT_NAME) + # if onap_project != None: + # print('Deleting ONAP project...') + # conn.identity.delete_project(onap_project.id) + # else: + # print('No ONAP project found...') + + except Exception as e: + print("Exception:",type(e), e) + print("[Script terminated]\n") + + print("OPNFV Auto, end of deletion script\n") + + +###################################################################### +def configure_all_ONAP(): + """Configure all ONAP-specific OpenStack objects.""" + print("\nOPNFV Auto, script to configure an OpenStack instance for ONAP") + + try: + # connect to OpenStack instance using Connection object from OpenStack SDK + print('Opening connection...') + conn = openstack.connect(cloud=OPENSTACK_CLOUD_NAME, region_name=OPENSTACK_REGION_NAME) + + + # TESTS: IGNORE/DELETE (BEGIN) + # gdserver_ID = '8bc274a2-8c0d-4795-9b4d-faa0a21e1d88' + # gdserver = conn.compute.get_server(gdserver_ID) + # print('\ngdserver.name=',gdserver.name) + # print('gdserver.status=',gdserver.status) + + # # print("\nList Users:") + # # i=1 + # # for user in conn.identity.users(): + # # print('User',str(i),'\n',user,'\n') + # # i+=1 + + # # print("\nList Projects:") + # # i=1 + # # for project in conn.identity.projects(): + # # print('Project',str(i),'\n',project,'\n') + # # i+=1 + + # print("\nList Networks:") + # i=1 + # for network in conn.network.networks(): + # print('Network',str(i),'\n',network,'\n') + # i+=1 + + # print("\nList Flavors:") + # i=1 + # for flvr in conn.compute.flavors(): + # print('Flavor',str(i),'\n',flvr,'\n') + # i+=1 + + # print("\nList Images:") + # i=1 + # for img in conn.compute.images(): + # print('Image',str(i),'\n',img,'\n') + # i+=1 + + # router = conn.network.find_router('gd_test_router') + # print('gd router\n',router,'\n\n') + # router = conn.network.find_router('e4e59f63-8063-4774-a97a-c110c6969e4a') + # print('gd router\n',router,'\n\n') + # TESTS: IGNORE/DELETE (END) + + + + # TODO: find out why conn.identity does not exist @@@ + # onap_project = conn.identity.find_project(ONAP_TENANT_NAME) + # if onap_project != None: + # print('ONAP project/tenant already exists') + # else: + # print('Creating ONAP project/tenant...') + # onap_project = conn.identity.create_project( + # name = ONAP_TENANT_NAME, + # description = ONAP_TENANT_DESC, + # is_enabled = True) + # # domain: leave default + # # project quotas (max #vCPUs, #instances, etc.): as conn.network.<*quota*>, using project id for quota id + # # https://docs.openstack.org/openstacksdk/latest/user/proxies/network.html#quota-operations + # # https://docs.openstack.org/openstacksdk/latest/user/resources/network/v2/quota.html#openstack.network.v2.quota.Quota + # # conn.network.update_quota(project_id = onap_project.id) + # # SDK for quotas supports floating_ips, networks, ports, etc. but not vCPUs or instances + # print('DEBUG onap_project:\n',onap_project,'\n\n') + + # onap_user= conn.identity.find_user(ONAP_USER_NAME) + # if onap_user != None: + # print('ONAP user already exists') + # else: + # print('Creating ONAP user...') + # onap_user = conn.identity.create_user( + # name = ONAP_USER_NAME, + # description = ONAP_USER_DESC, + # default_project_id = onap_project.id, + # password = ONAP_USER_PASSWORD, + # is_enabled = True) + # # domain: leave default + # # default_project_id: primary project + # print('DEBUG onap_user:\n',onap_user,'\n\n') + + + + # make sure security group allows ICMP (for ping) and SSH (TCP port 22) traffic; also IPv4/v6 traffic ingress and egress + # create new onap_security_group (or maybe just "default" security group ? tests returned multiple "default" security groups) + # security group examples: check http://git.openstack.org/cgit/openstack/openstacksdk/tree/examples/network/security_group_rules.py + # if rule already exists, OpenStack returns an error, so just try (no harm); try each separately + onap_security_group = conn.network.find_security_group(ONAP_SECU_GRP_NAME) + if onap_security_group == None: + onap_security_group = conn.network.create_security_group( + # project_id = onap_project.id, + description = ONAP_SECU_GRP_DESC, + name = ONAP_SECU_GRP_NAME) + else: + print('ONAP security group already exists') + print('DEBUG onap_security_group:\n',onap_security_group,'\n\n') + + try: + description_text = 'enable ICMP ingress IPv4' + print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + description = description_text, + protocol = 'ICMP', + direction = 'ingress', + ethertype = 'IPv4', + remote_ip_prefix = '0.0.0.0/0', + port_range_min = None, + port_range_max = None) + except Exception as e: + print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + try: + description_text = 'enable ICMP egress IPv4' + print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + description = description_text, + protocol = 'ICMP', + direction = 'egress', + ethertype = 'IPv4', + remote_ip_prefix = '0.0.0.0/0', + port_range_min = None, + port_range_max = None) + except Exception as e: + print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + try: + description_text = 'enable SSH (TCP port 22) ingress IPv4' + print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + description = description_text, + protocol = 'TCP', + direction = 'ingress', + ethertype = 'IPv4', + remote_ip_prefix = '0.0.0.0/0', + port_range_min = '22', + port_range_max = '22') + except Exception as e: + print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + try: + description_text = 'enable SSH (TCP port 22) egress IPv4' + print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + description = description_text, + protocol = 'TCP', + direction = 'egress', + ethertype = 'IPv4', + remote_ip_prefix = '0.0.0.0/0', + port_range_min = '22', + port_range_max = '22') + except Exception as e: + print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + try: + description_text = 'enable IP traffic ingress IPv4' + print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + description = description_text, + protocol = None, + direction = 'ingress', + ethertype = 'IPv4', + remote_ip_prefix = '0.0.0.0/0', + port_range_min = None, + port_range_max = None) + except Exception as e: + print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + try: + description_text = 'enable IP traffic ingress IPv6' + print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + description = description_text, + protocol = None, + direction = 'ingress', + ethertype = 'IPv6', + remote_ip_prefix = '::/0', + port_range_min = None, + port_range_max = None) + except Exception as e: + print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + # IPv4 IP egress rule should already exist by default + # try: + # description_text = 'enable IP traffic egress IPv4' + # print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + # conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + # security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + # description = description_text, + # protocol = None, + # direction = 'egress', + # ethertype = 'IPv4', + # remote_ip_prefix = '0.0.0.0/0', + # port_range_min = None, + # port_range_max = None) + # except Exception as e: + # print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + # IPv6 IP egress rule should already exist by default + # try: + # description_text = 'enable IP traffic egress IPv6' + # print('Creating rule:',description_text,'...') + # conn.network.create_security_group_rule( + # security_group_id = onap_security_group.id, + # description = description_text, + # protocol = None, + # direction = 'egress', + # ethertype = 'IPv6', + # remote_ip_prefix = '::/0', + # port_range_min = None, + # port_range_max = None) + # except Exception as e: + # print(description_text, ' Exception:', type(e), e) + + + # public network + public_network = conn.network.find_network(ONAP_PUBLIC_NET_NAME) + if public_network != None: + print('ONAP public network already exists') + else: + print('Creating ONAP public network...') + public_network = conn.network.create_network( + name = ONAP_PUBLIC_NET_NAME, + description = ONAP_PUBLIC_NET_DESC, + #project_id = onap_project.id, + is_admin_state_up = True, + is_shared = True) + # subnet_ids = []: not needed, subnet refers to network_id + print('DEBUG public_network:\n',public_network,'\n\n') + + print('Creating subnetwork for ONAP public network...') + public_subnet = conn.network.create_subnet( + name = ONAP_PUBLIC_SUBNET_NAME, + #project_id = onap_project.id, + network_id = public_network.id, + cidr = ONAP_PUBLIC_SUBNET_CIDR, + ip_version = 4, + is_dhcp_enabled = True, + dns_nameservers = [DNS_SERVER_IP]) # list of DNS IP@ + print('DEBUG public_network:\n',public_network,'\n\n') + print('DEBUG public_subnet:\n',public_subnet,'\n\n') + + + # OAM network + oam_network = conn.network.find_network(ONAP_OAM_NET_NAME) + if oam_network != None: + print('ONAP OAM network already exists') + else: + print('Creating ONAP OAM network...') + oam_network = conn.network.create_network( + name = ONAP_OAM_NET_NAME, + description = ONAP_OAM_NET_DESC, + #project_id = onap_project.id, + is_admin_state_up = True, + is_shared = True) + print('DEBUG oam_network:\n',oam_network,'\n\n') + + print('Creating subnetwork for ONAP OAM network...') + oam_subnet = conn.network.create_subnet( + name = ONAP_OAM_SUBNET_NAME, + #project_id = onap_project.id, + network_id = oam_network.id, + cidr = ONAP_OAM_SUBNET_CIDR, + ip_version = 4, + is_dhcp_enabled = True, + dns_nameservers = [DNS_SERVER_IP]) # list of DNS IP@; maybe not needed for OAM network + print('DEBUG oam_network:\n',oam_network,'\n\n') + print('DEBUG oam_subnet:\n',oam_subnet,'\n\n') + + + # router + onap_router = conn.network.find_router(ONAP_ROUTER_NAME) + if onap_router != None: + print('ONAP router already exists') + else: + print('Creating ONAP router...') + onap_router = conn.network.create_router( + name = ONAP_ROUTER_NAME, + description = ONAP_ROUTER_DESC, + #project_id = onap_project.id, + is_admin_state_up = True) + print('DEBUG onap_router:\n',onap_router,'\n\n') + + # add interfaces to ONAP networks: Public and OAM + # syntax: add_interface_to_router(router, subnet_id=None, port_id=None) + print('Adding interfaces to ONAP router for ONAP public and OAM networks...') + conn.network.add_interface_to_router(onap_router, subnet_id = public_subnet.id) + conn.network.add_interface_to_router(onap_router, subnet_id = oam_subnet.id) + print('DEBUG onap_router:\n',onap_router,'\n\n') + + # not public network, but external network like floating_net + # point to ONAP Public Network as external network (i.e. Gateway); network_id is passed in a body dictionary + # syntax: add_gateway_to_router(router, **body) + print('Adding external network (gateway) to ONAP router...') + + # nope + # network_dict_body = {'network_id': public_network.id} + # nope + # network_dict_body = { + # 'external_fixed_ips': [{'subnet_id' : public_subnet.id}], + # 'network_id': public_network.id + # } + external_network = conn.network.find_network(EXTERNAL_NETWORK_NAME) + print('DEBUG external_network:\n',external_network,'\n\n') + #network_dict_body = {'gateway' : {'network_id' : external_network.id}} + #conn.network.add_gateway_to_router(onap_router, body=network_dict_body) + conn.network.add_gateway_to_router(onap_router, network_id=external_network.id) + + + # also create 5 flavors, from tiny to xlarge (hard-coded, no need for parameters) + print('Creating flavors...') + tiny_flavor = conn.compute.find_flavor("m1.tiny") + if tiny_flavor != None: + print('m1.tiny Flavor already exists') + else: + print('Creating m1.tiny Flavor...') + tiny_flavor = conn.compute.create_flavor( + name = 'm1.tiny', + vcpus = 1, + disk = 1, + ram = 512, + ephemeral = 0, + #swap = 0, + #rxtx_factor = 1.0, + is_public = True) + print('DEBUG tiny_flavor:\n',tiny_flavor,'\n\n') + + small_flavor = conn.compute.find_flavor("m1.small") + if small_flavor != None: + print('m1.small Flavor already exists') + else: + print('Creating m1.small Flavor...') + small_flavor = conn.compute.create_flavor( + name = 'm1.small', + vcpus = 1, + disk = 20, + ram = 2048, + ephemeral = 0, + #swap = 0, + #rxtx_factor = 1.0, + is_public = True) + print('DEBUG small_flavor:\n',small_flavor,'\n\n') + + medium_flavor = conn.compute.find_flavor("m1.medium") + if medium_flavor != None: + print('m1.medium Flavor already exists') + else: + print('Creating m1.medium Flavor...') + medium_flavor = conn.compute.create_flavor( + name = 'm1.medium', + vcpus = 2, + disk = 40, + ram = 4096, + ephemeral = 0, + #swap = 0, + #rxtx_factor = 1.0, + is_public = True) + print('DEBUG medium_flavor:\n',medium_flavor,'\n\n') + + large_flavor = conn.compute.find_flavor("m1.large") + if large_flavor != None: + print('m1.large Flavor already exists') + else: + print('Creating m1.large Flavor...') + large_flavor = conn.compute.create_flavor( + name = 'm1.large', + vcpus = 4, + disk = 80, + ram = 8192, + ephemeral = 0, + #swap = 0, + #rxtx_factor = 1.0, + is_public = True) + print('DEBUG large_flavor:\n',large_flavor,'\n\n') + + xlarge_flavor = conn.compute.find_flavor("m1.xlarge") + if xlarge_flavor != None: + print('m1.xlarge Flavor already exists') + else: + print('Creating m1.xlarge Flavor...') + xlarge_flavor = conn.compute.create_flavor( + name = 'm1.xlarge', + vcpus = 8, + disk = 160, + ram = 16384, + ephemeral = 0, + #swap = 0, + #rxtx_factor = 1.0, + is_public = True) + print('DEBUG xlarge_flavor:\n',xlarge_flavor,'\n\n') + + + + # also create 3 images, Ubuntu 16.04, 14.04, CirrOS + # 64-bit QCOW2 image for cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img + # description: CirrOS minimal Linux distribution + # http://download.cirros-cloud.net/0.4.0/cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img + # user/password: cirros/gocubsgo + + # 64-bit QCOW2 image for Ubuntu 16.04 is xenial-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img + # description: Ubuntu Server 16.04 LTS (Xenial Xerus) + # https://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/xenial/current/xenial-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img + # user: ubuntu + + # 64-bit QCOW2 image for Ubuntu 14.04 is trusty-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img + # description: Ubuntu Server 14.04 LTS (Trusty Tahr) + # http://cloud-images.ubuntu.com/trusty/current/trusty-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img + # user: ubuntu + + + # IMAGE_NAME = 'cirros-0.4.0-x86_64-disk.img' + # cirros040 = conn.compute.find_image(IMAGE_NAME) + # if cirros040 != None: + # print(IMAGE_NAME,'Image already exists') + # else: + # print('Creating',IMAGE_NAME,'Image ...') + # # no conn.compute.create_image() method yet in OpenStack SDK... unless doc is wrong ? + # cirros040 = conn.compute.create_image( + # name = IMAGE_NAME) + # # no support for URL download ? maybe with Image.metadata, or with ImageDetail class ? + # print('DEBUG cirros040:\n',cirros040,'\n\n') + + + + + except Exception as e: + print("Exception:",type(e), e) + print("[Script terminated]\n") + + + print("OPNFV Auto, end of configuration script\n") + + + +###################################################################### +def main(): + + # configure argument parser: one optional argument + # if no "-d" or "--delete" option, then configure OpenStack for ONAP + # with "-d" or "--delete" option, then delete ONAP configuration in OpenStack + parser = argparse.ArgumentParser() + parser.add_argument("-d", "--delete", + help = "delete ONAP configuration", + action = "store_true") + + # parse arguments and use corresponding script + args = parser.parse_args() + if args.delete: + delete_all_ONAP() + else: + configure_all_ONAP() + + +if __name__ == "__main__": + main() + |