Addition of NSB Prox developer guide.

JIRA: YARDSTICK-840

This provides a developer guide to enable the reader to add NSB
PROX tests based on existing PROX functionality.

This allows the user to configure, run and debug NSB Prox tests
for Baremetal and Openstack (both 2 and 4 ports)

Change-Id: I2cb9eb6064e501dd9abe0d2cc4ed8ce4b369f174
Signed-off-by: Daniel Martin Buckley <daniel.m.buckley@intel.com>

1 files changed, 1226 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/devguide/devguide_nsb_prox.rst b/docs/testing/developer/devguide/devguide_nsb_prox.rst
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+Introduction
+=============
+
+This document describes the steps to create a new NSB PROX test based on
+existing PROX functionalities. NSB PROX provides is a simple approximation
+of an operation and can be used to develop best practices and TCO models
+for Telco customers, investigate the impact of new Intel compute,
+network and storage technologies, characterize performance, and develop
+optimal system architectures and configurations.
+
+.. contents::
+
+Prerequisites
+=============
+
+In order to integrate PROX tests into NSB, the following prerequisites are required.
+
+.. _`dpdk wiki page`: http://dpdk.org/
+.. _`yardstick wiki page`: https://wiki.opnfv.org/display/yardstick/
+.. _`Prox documentation`: https://01.org/intel-data-plane-performance-demonstrators/documentation/prox-documentation
+.. _`openstack wiki page`: https://wiki.openstack.org/wiki/Main_Page
+.. _`grafana getting started`: http://docs.grafana.org/guides/gettingstarted/
+.. _`opnfv grafana dashboard`: https://wiki.opnfv.org/display/yardstick/How+to+work+with+grafana+dashboard
+.. _`Prox command line`: https://01.org/intel-data-plane-performance-demonstrators/documentation/prox-documentation#Command_line_options
+.. _`grafana deployment`: https://wiki.opnfv.org/display/yardstick/How+to+deploy+InfluxDB+and+Grafana+locally
+.. _`Prox options`: https://01.org/intel-data-plane-performance-demonstrators/documentation/prox-documentation#.5Beal_options.5D
+.. _`NSB Installation`: http://artifacts.opnfv.org/yardstick/docs/userguide/index.html#document-09-installation
+
+* A working knowledge of Yardstick. See `yardstick wiki page`_.
+* A working knowledge of PROX. See `Prox documentation`_.
+* Knowledge of Openstack. See `openstack wiki page`_.
+* Knowledge of how to use Grafana. See `grafana getting started`_.
+* How to Deploy InfluxDB & Grafana. See `grafana deployment`_.
+* How to use Grafana in OPNFV/Yardstick. See `opnfv grafana dashboard`_.
+* How to install NSB. See `NSB Installation`_
+
+Sample Prox Test Hardware Architecture
+======================================
+
+The following is a diagram of a sample NSB PROX Hardware Architecture
+for both NSB PROX on Bare metal and on Openstack.
+
+In this example when running yardstick on baremetal, yardstick will
+run on the deployment node, the generator will run on the deployment node
+and the SUT(SUT) will run on the Controller Node.
+
+
+.. image:: images/PROX_Hardware_Arch.png
+   :width: 800px
+   :alt: Sample NSB PROX Hard Architecture
+
+Prox Test Architecture
+======================
+
+In order to create a new test, one must understand the architecture of
+the test.
+
+A NSB Prox test architecture is composed of:
+
+* A traffic generator. This provides blocks of data on 1 or more ports
+  to the SUT.
+  The traffic generator also consumes the result packets from the system
+  under test.
+* A SUT consumes the packets generated by the packet
+  generator, and applies one or more tasks to the packets and return the
+  modified packets to the traffic generator.
+
+  This is an example of a sample NSB PROX test architecture.
+
+.. image:: images/PROX_Software_Arch.png
+   :width: 800px
+   :alt: NSB PROX test Architecture
+
+This diagram is of a sample NSB PROX test application.
+
+* Traffic Generator
+
+  * Generator Tasks - Composted of 1 or more tasks (It is possible to
+    have multiple tasks sending packets to same port No. See Tasks Ai and Aii
+    plus Di and Dii)
+
+    * Task Ai - Generates Packets on Port 0 of Traffic Generator
+      and send to Port 0 of SUT Port 0
+    * Task Aii - Generates Packets on Port 0 of Traffic Generator
+      and send to Port 0 of SUT Port 0
+    * Task B - Generates Packets on Port 1 of Traffic Generator
+      and send to Port 1 of SUT Port 1
+    * Task C - Generates Packets on Port 2 of Traffic Generator
+      and send to Port 2 of SUT Port 2
+    * Task Di - Generates Packets on Port 3 of Traffic Generator
+      and send to Port 3 of SUT Port 3
+    * Task Dii - Generates Packets on Port 0 of Traffic Generator
+      and send to Port 0 of SUT Port 0
+
+  * Verifier Tasks - Composed of 1 or more tasks which receives
+    packets from SUT
+
+    * Task E - Receives packets on Port 0 of Traffic Generator sent
+      from Port 0 of SUT Port 0
+    * Task F - Receives packets on Port 1 of Traffic Generator sent
+      from Port 1 of SUT Port 1
+    * Task G - Receives packets on Port 2 of Traffic Generator sent
+      from Port 2 of SUT Port 2
+    * Task H - Receives packets on Port 3 of Traffic Generator sent
+      from Port 3 of SUT Port 3
+
+* SUT
+
+  * Receiver Tasks - Receives packets from generator - Composed on 1 or
+    more tasks which consume the packs sent from Traffic Generator
+
+    * Task A - Receives Packets on Port 0 of System-Under-Test from
+      Traffic Generator Port 0, and forwards packets to Task E
+    * Task B - Receives Packets on Port 1 of System-Under-Test from
+      Traffic Generator Port 1, and forwards packets to Task E
+    * Task C - Receives Packets on Port 2 of System-Under-Test from
+      Traffic Generator Port 2, and forwards packets to Task E
+    * Task D - Receives Packets on Port 3 of System-Under-Test from
+      Traffic Generator Port 3, and forwards packets to Task E
+
+  * Processing Tasks - Composed of multiple tasks in series which carry
+    out some processing on received packets before forwarding to the
+    task.
+
+    * Task E - This receives packets from the Receiver Tasks,
+      carries out some operation on the data and forwards to result
+      packets to the next task in the sequence - Task F
+    * Task F - This receives packets from the previous Task - Task
+      E, carries out some operation on the data and forwards to result
+      packets to the next task in the sequence - Task G
+    * Task G - This receives packets from the previous Task - Task F
+      and distributes the result packages to the Transmitter tasks
+
+  * Transmitter Tasks - Composed on 1 or more tasks which send the
+    processed packets back to the Traffic Generator
+
+    * Task H - Receives Packets from Task G of System-Under-Test and
+      sends packets to Traffic Generator Port 0
+    * Task I - Receives Packets from Task G of System-Under-Test and
+      sends packets to Traffic Generator Port 1
+    * Task J - Receives Packets from Task G of System-Under-Test and
+      sends packets to Traffic Generator Port 2
+    * Task K - Receives Packets From Task G of System-Under-Test and
+      sends packets to Traffic Generator Port 3
+
+NSB Prox Test
+=============
+
+A NSB Prox test is composed of the following components :-
+
+* Test Description File. Usually called
+  ``tc_prox_<context>_<test>-<ports>.yaml`` where
+
+  * <context> is either ``baremetal`` or ``heat_context``
+  * <test> is the a one or 2 word description of the test.
+  * <ports> is the number of ports used
+
+  Example tests ``tc_prox_baremetal_l2fwd-2.yaml`` or
+  ``tc_prox_heat_context_vpe-4.yaml``. This file describes the components
+  of the test, in the case of openstack the network description and
+  server descriptions, in the case of baremetal the hardware
+  description location. It also contains the name of the Traffic Generator, the SUT config file
+  and the traffic profile description, all described below. See nsb-test-description-label_
+
+* Traffic Profile file. Example ``prox_binsearch.yaml``. This describes the packet size, tolerated
+  loss, initial line rate to start traffic at, test interval etc See nsb-traffic-profile-label_
+
+* Traffic Generator Config file. Usually called ``gen_<test>-<ports>.cfg``.
+
+  This describes the activity of the traffic generator
+
+  * What each core of the traffic generator does,
+  * The packet of data sent by a core on a port of the traffic generator
+    to the system under test
+  * What core is used to wait on what port for data from the system
+    under test.
+
+  Example traffic generator config file  ``gen_l2fwd-4.cfg``
+  See nsb-traffic-generator-label_
+
+* SUT Config file. Usually called ``handle_<test>-<ports>.cfg``.
+
+  This describes the activity of the SUTs
+
+  * What each core of the  does,
+  * What cores receives packets from what ports
+  * What cores perform operations on the packets and pass the packets onto
+    another core
+  * What cores receives packets from what cores and transmit the packets on
+    the ports to the Traffic Verifier tasks of the Traffic Generator.
+
+  Example traffic generator config file  ``handle_l2fwd-4.cfg``
+  See nsb-sut-generator-label_
+
+* NSB PROX Baremetal Configuration file. Usually called
+  ``prox-baremetal-<ports>.yaml``
+
+  * <ports> is the number of ports used
+
+  This is required for baremetal only.  This describes hardware, NICs,
+  IP addresses, Network drivers, usernames and passwords.
+  See baremetal-config-label_
+
+* Grafana Dashboard. Usually called
+  ``Prox_<context>_<test>-<port>-<DateAndTime>.json`` where
+
+  * <context> Is either ``BM`` or ``heat``
+  * <test> Is the a one or 2 word description of the test.
+  * <port> is the number of ports used express as ``2Port`` or ``4Port``
+  * <DateAndTime> is the Date and Time expressed as a string.
+
+  Example grafana dashboard ``Prox_BM_L2FWD-4Port-1507804504588.json``
+
+Other files may be required. These are test specific files and will be
+covered later.
+
+.. _nsb-test-description-label:
+
+**Test Description File**
+
+Here we will discuss the test description for both
+baremetal and openstack.
+
+*Test Description File for Baremetal*
+-------------------------------------
+
+This section will introduce the meaning of the Test case description
+file. We will use ``tc_prox_baremetal_l2fwd-2.yaml`` as an example to
+show you how to understand the test description file.
+
+.. image:: images/PROX_Test_BM_Script.png
+   :width: 800px
+   :alt: NSB PROX Test Description File
+
+Now let's examine the components of the file in detail
+
+1. ``traffic_profile`` - This specifies the traffic profile for the
+   test. In this case ``prox_binsearch.yaml`` is used. See nsb-traffic-profile-label_
+
+2. ``topology`` - This is either ``prox-tg-topology-1.yaml`` or
+    ``prox-tg-topology-2.yaml`` or ``prox-tg-topology-4.yaml``
+    depending on number of ports required.
+
+3. ``nodes`` - This names the Traffic Generator and the System
+   under Test. Does not need to change.
+
+4. ``prox_path`` - Location of the Prox executable on the traffic
+   generator (Either baremetal or Openstack Virtual Machine)
+
+5. ``prox_config`` - This is the ``SUT Config File``.
+   In this case it is ``handle_l2fwd-2.cfg``
+
+   A number of additional parameters can be added. This example
+   is taken from VPE::
+
+    options:
+      vnf__0:
+        prox_path: /opt/nsb_bin/prox
+        prox_config: ``configs/handle_vpe-4.cfg``
+        prox_args:
+          ``-t``: ````
+        prox_files:
+          ``configs/vpe_ipv4.lua`` : ````
+          ``configs/vpe_dscp.lua`` : ````
+          ``configs/vpe_cpe_table.lua`` : ````
+          ``configs/vpe_user_table.lua`` : ````
+          ``configs/vpe_rules.lua`` : ````
+        prox_generate_parameter: True
+
+   ``prox_files`` - this specified that a number of addition files
+   need to be provided for the test to run correctly. This files
+   could provide routing information,hashing information or a
+   hashing algorithm and ip/mac information.
+
+   ``prox_generate_parameter`` - this specifies that the NSB application
+   is required to provide information to the nsb Prox in the form
+   of a file called ``parameters.lua``, which contains information
+   retrieved from either the hardware or the openstack configuration.
+
+6. ``prox_args`` - this specifies the command line arguments to start
+   prox. See `prox command line`_.
+
+7. ``prox_config`` - This specifies the Traffic Generator config file.
+
+8. ``runner`` - This is set to ``Duration`` - This specified that the
+   test run for a set duration. Other runner types are available
+   but it is recommend to use ``Duration``
+
+9. ``context`` - This is ``context`` for a 2 port Baremetal configuration.
+   If a 4 port configuration was required then file
+   ``prox-baremetal-4.yaml`` would be used. This is the NSB Prox
+   baremetal configuration file.
+
+.. _nsb-traffic-profile-label:
+
+*Traffic Profile file*
+----------------------
+
+This describes the details of the traffic flow. In this case ``prox_binsearch.yaml`` is used.
+
+.. image:: images/PROX_Traffic_profile.png
+   :width: 800px
+   :alt: NSB PROX Traffic Profile
+
+
+1. ``name`` - The name of the traffic profile. This name should match the name specified in the
+   ``traffic_profile`` field in the Test Description File.
+
+2. ``traffic_type`` - This specifies the type of traffic pattern generated, This name matches
+   class name of the traffic generator See::
+
+      network_services/traffic_profile/prox_binsearch.py class ProxBinSearchProfile(ProxProfile)
+
+   In this case it lowers the traffic rate until the number of packets
+   sent is equal to the number of packets received (plus a
+   tolerated loss). Once it achieves this it increases the traffic
+   rate in order to find the highest rate with no traffic loss.
+
+   Custom traffic types can be created by creating a new traffic profile class.
+
+3. ``tolerated_loss`` - This specifies the percentage of packets that can be lost/dropped before
+   we declare success or failure. Success is Transmitted-Packets from Traffic Generator is greater than or equal to
+   packets received by Traffic Generator plus tolerated loss.
+
+4. ``test_precision`` - This specifies the precision of the test results. For some tests the success criteria
+   may never be achieved because the test precision may be greater than the successful throughput. For finer
+   results increase the precision by making this value smaller.
+
+5. ``packet_sizes`` - This specifies the range of packets size this test is run for.
+
+6. ``duration`` - This specifies the sample duration that the test uses to check for success or failure.
+
+7. ``lower_bound`` - This specifies the test initial lower bound sample rate. On success this value is increased.
+
+8. ``upper_bound`` - This specifies the test initial upper bound sample rate. On success this value is decreased.
+
+Other traffic profiles exist eg prox_ACL.yaml which does not
+compare what is received with what is transmitted. It just
+sends packet at max rate.
+
+It is possible to create custom traffic profiles with by
+creating new file in the same folder as prox_binsearch.yaml.
+See this prox_vpe.yaml as example::
+
+     schema: ``nsb:traffic_profile:0.1``
+
+     name:            prox_vpe
+     description:     Prox vPE traffic profile
+
+     traffic_profile:
+       traffic_type: ProxBinSearchProfile
+       tolerated_loss: 100.0 #0.001
+       test_precision: 0.01
+     # The minimum size of the Ethernet frame for the vPE test is 68 bytes.
+       packet_sizes: [68]
+       duration: 5
+       lower_bound: 0.0
+       upper_bound: 100.0
+
+*Test Description File for Openstack*
+-------------------------------------
+
+We will use ``tc_prox_heat_context_l2fwd-2.yaml`` as a example to show
+you how to understand the test description file.
+
+.. image:: images/PROX_Test_HEAT_Script.png
+   :width: 800px
+   :alt: NSB PROX Test Description File
+
+Now lets examine the components of the file in detail
+
+Sections 1 to 8 are exactly the same in Baremetal and in Heat. Section
+``9`` is replaced with sections A to F. Section 9 was for a baremetal
+configuration file. This has no place in a heat configuration.
+
+A. ``image`` - yardstick-samplevnfs. This is the name of the image
+   created during the installation of NSB. This is fixed.
+
+B. ``flavor`` - The flavor is created dynamically. However we could
+   use an already existing flavor if required. In that case the
+   flavor would be named::
+
+    flavor: yardstick-flavor
+
+C. ``extra_specs`` - This allows us to specify the number of
+   cores sockets and hyperthreading assigned to it. In this case
+   we have 1 socket with 10 codes and no hyperthreading enabled.
+
+D. ``placement_groups`` - default. Do not change for NSB PROX.
+
+E. ``servers`` - ``tg_0`` is the traffic generator and ``vnf_0``
+   is the system under test.
+
+F. ``networks`` - is composed of a management network labeled ``mgmt``
+   and one uplink network labeled ``uplink_0``  and one downlink
+   network labeled ``downlink_0`` for 2 ports. If this was a 4 port
+   configuration there would be 2 extra downlink ports. See this
+   example from a 4 port l2fwd test.::
+
+    networks:
+      mgmt:
+        cidr: '10.0.1.0/24'
+      uplink_0:
+        cidr: '10.0.2.0/24'
+        gateway_ip: 'null'
+        port_security_enabled: False
+        enable_dhcp: 'false'
+      downlink_0:
+        cidr: '10.0.3.0/24'
+        gateway_ip: 'null'
+        port_security_enabled: False
+        enable_dhcp: 'false'
+      downlink_1:
+        cidr: '10.0.4.0/24'
+        gateway_ip: 'null'
+        port_security_enabled: False
+        enable_dhcp: 'false'
+      downlink_2:
+        cidr: '10.0.5.0/24'
+        gateway_ip: 'null'
+        port_security_enabled: False
+        enable_dhcp: 'false'
+
+.. _nsb-traffic-generator-label:
+
+*Traffic Generator Config file*
+-------------------------------
+
+This section will describe the traffic generator config file.
+This is the same for both baremetal and heat. See this example
+of ``gen_l2fwd_multiflow-2.cfg`` to explain the options.
+
+.. image:: images/PROX_Gen_2port_cfg.png
+   :width: 1400px
+   :alt: NSB PROX Gen Config File
+
+The configuration file is divided into multiple sections, each
+of which is used to define some parameters and options.::
+
+  [eal options]
+  [variables]
+  [port 0]
+  [port 1]
+  [port .]
+  [port Z]
+  [defaults]
+  [global]
+  [core 0]
+  [core 1]
+  [core 2]
+  [core .]
+  [core Z]
+
+See `prox options`_ for details
+
+Now let's examine the components of the file in detail
+
+1. ``[eal options]`` - This specified the EAL (Environmental
+   Abstraction Layer) options. These are default values and
+   are not changed. See `dpdk wiki page`_.
+
+2. ``[variables]`` - This section contains variables, as
+   the name suggests. Variables for Core numbers, mac
+   addresses, ip addresses etc. They are assigned as a
+   ``key = value`` where the key is used in place of the value.
+
+   .. caution::
+     A special case for valuables with a value beginning with
+     ``@@``. These values are dynamically updated by the NSB
+     application at run time. Values like MAC address,
+     IP Address etc.
+
+3. ``[port 0]`` - This section describes the DPDK Port. The number
+   following the keyword ``port`` usually refers to the DPDK Port
+   Id. usually starting from ``0``. Because you can have multiple
+   ports this entry usually repeated. Eg. For a 2 port setup
+   ``[port0]`` and ``[port 1]`` and for a 4 port setup ``[port 0]``,
+   ``[port 1]``, ``[port 2]`` and ``[port 3]``::
+
+      [port 0]
+      name=p0
+      mac=hardware
+      rx desc=2048
+      tx desc=2048
+      promiscuous=yes
+
+   a. In this example ``name = p0`` assigned the name ``p0`` to the
+      port. Any name can be assigned to a port.
+   b. ``mac=hardware`` sets the MAC address assigned by the hardware
+      to data from this port.
+   c. ``rx desc=2048`` sets the number of available descriptors to
+      allocate for receive packets. This can be changed and can
+      effect performance.
+   d. ``tx desc=2048`` sets the number of available descriptors to
+      allocate for transmit packets. This can be changed and can
+      effect performance.
+   e. ``promiscuous=yes`` this enables promiscuous mode for this port.
+
+4. ``[defaults]`` - Here default operations and settings can be over
+   written. In this example ``mempool size=4K`` the number of mbufs
+   per task is altered. Altering this value could effect
+   performance. See `prox options`_ for details.
+
+5. ``[global]`` - Here application wide setting are supported. Things
+   like application name, start time, duration and memory
+   configurations can be set here. In this example.::
+
+      [global]
+      start time=5
+      name=Basic Gen
+
+    a. ``start time=5`` Time is seconds after which average
+       stats will be started.
+    b. ``name=Basic Gen`` Name of the configuration.
+
+6. ``[core 0]`` - This core is designated the master core. Every
+   Prox application must have a master core. The master mode must
+   be assigned to exactly one task, running alone on one core.::
+
+    [core 0]
+    mode=master
+
+7. ``[core 1]`` - This describes the activity on core 1. Cores can
+   be configured by means of a set of [core #] sections, where
+   # represents either:
+
+   a. an absolute core number: e.g. on a 10-core, dual socket
+      system with hyper-threading,
+      cores are numbered from 0 to 39.
+
+   b. PROX allows a core to be identified by a core number, the
+      letter 's', and a socket number.
+
+      It is possible to write a baremetal and an openstack test which use
+      the same traffic generator config file and SUT config file.
+      In this case it is advisable not to use physical
+      core numbering.
+
+      However it is also possible to write NSB Prox tests that
+      have been optimized for a particular hardware configuration.
+      In this case it is advisable to use the core numbering.
+      It is up to the user to make sure that cores from
+      the right sockets are used (i.e. from the socket on which the NIC
+      is attached to), to ensure good performance (EPA).
+
+   Each core can be assigned with a set of tasks, each running
+   one of the implemented packet processing modes.::
+
+     [core 1]
+     name=p0
+     task=0
+     mode=gen
+     tx port=p0
+     bps=1250000000
+     ; Ethernet + IP + UDP
+     pkt inline=${sut_mac0} 70 00 00 00 00 01 08 00 45 00 00 1c 00 01 00 00 40 11 f7 7d 98 10 64 01 98 10 64 02 13 88 13 88 00 08 55 7b
+     ; src_ip: 152.16.100.0/8
+     random=0000XXX1
+     rand_offset=29
+     ; dst_ip: 152.16.100.0/8
+     random=0000XXX0
+     rand_offset=33
+     random=0001001110001XXX0001001110001XXX
+     rand_offset=34
+
+   a. ``name=p0`` - Name assigned to the core.
+   b. ``task=0`` - Each core can run a set of tasks. Starting with ``0``.
+      Task 1 can be defined later in this core or
+      can be defined in another ``[core 1]`` section with ``task=1``
+      later in configuration file. Sometimes running
+      multiple task related to the same packet on the same physical
+      core improves performance, however sometimes it
+      is optimal to move task to a separate core. This is best
+      decided by checking performance.
+   c. ``mode=gen`` - Specifies the action carried out by this task on
+      this core. Supported modes are: classify, drop, gen, lat, genl4, nop, l2fwd, gredecap,
+      greencap, lbpos, lbnetwork, lbqinq, lb5tuple, ipv6_decap, ipv6_encap,
+      qinqdecapv4, qinqencapv4, qos, routing, impair,
+      mirror, unmpls, tagmpls, nat, decapnsh, encapnsh, police, acl
+      Which are :-
+
+       * Classify
+       * Drop
+       * Basic Forwarding (no touch)
+       * L2 Forwarding (change MAC)
+       * GRE encap/decap
+       * Load balance based on packet fields
+       * Symmetric load balancing
+       * QinQ encap/decap IPv4/IPv6
+       * ARP
+       * QoS
+       * Routing
+       * Unmpls
+       * Nsh encap/decap
+       * Policing
+       * ACL
+
+      In the traffic generator we expect a core to generate packets (``gen``)
+      and to receive packets & calculate latency (``lat``)
+      This core does ``gen`` . ie it is a traffic generator.
+
+      To understand what each of the modes support please see
+      `prox documentation`_.
+
+   d. ``tx port=p0`` - This specifies that the packets generated are
+      transmitted to port ``p0``
+   e. ``bps=1250000000`` - This indicates Bytes Per Second to
+      generate packets.
+   f. ``; Ethernet + IP + UDP`` - This is a comment. Items starting with
+      ``;`` are ignored.
+   g. ``pkt inline=${sut_mac0} 70 00 00 00 ...`` - Defines the packet
+      format as a sequence of bytes (each
+      expressed in hexadecimal notation). This defines the packet
+      that is generated. This packets begins
+      with the hexadecimal sequence assigned to ``sut_mac`` and the
+      remainder of the bytes in the string.
+      This packet could now be sent or modified by ``random=..``
+      described below before being sent to target.
+   h. ``; src_ip: 152.16.100.0/8`` - Comment
+   i. ``random=0000XXX1`` - This describes a field of the packet
+      containing random data. This string can be
+      8,16,24 or 32 character long and represents 1,2,3 or 4
+      bytes of data. In this case it describes a byte of
+      data. Each character in string can be 0,1 or ``X``. 0 or 1
+      are fixed bit values in the data packet and ``X`` is a
+      random bit. So random=0000XXX1 generates 00000001(1),
+      00000011(3), 00000101(5), 00000111(7),
+      00001001(9), 00001011(11), 00001101(13) and 00001111(15)
+      combinations.
+   j. ``rand_offset=29`` - Defines where to place the previously
+      defined random field.
+   k. ``; dst_ip: 152.16.100.0/8`` - Comment
+   l. ``random=0000XXX0`` - This is another random field which
+      generates a byte of 00000000(0), 00000010(2),
+      00000100(4), 00000110(6), 00001000(8), 00001010(10),
+      00001100(12) and 00001110(14) combinations.
+   m. ``rand_offset=33`` - Defines where to place the previously
+      defined random field.
+   n. ``random=0001001110001XXX0001001110001XXX`` - This is
+      another random field which generates 4 bytes.
+   o. ``rand_offset=34`` - Defines where to place the previously
+      defined 4 byte random field.
+
+   Core 2 executes same scenario as Core 1. The only difference
+   in this case is that the packets are generated
+   for Port 1.
+
+8. ``[core 3]`` - This defines the activities on core 3. The purpose
+   of ``core 3`` and ``core 4`` is to receive packets
+   sent by the SUT.::
+
+     [core 3]
+     name=rec 0
+     task=0
+     mode=lat
+     rx port=p0
+     lat pos=42
+
+   a. ``name=rec 0`` - Name assigned to the core.
+   b. ``task=0`` - Each core can run a set of tasks. Starting with
+      ``0``. Task 1 can be defined later in this core or
+      can be defined in another ``[core 1]`` section with
+      ``task=1`` later in configuration file. Sometimes running
+      multiple task related to the same packet on the same
+      physical core improves performance, however sometimes it
+      is optimal to move task to a separate core. This is
+      best decided by checking performance.
+   c. ``mode=lat`` - Specifies the action carried out by this task on this core. Supported modes are: acl,
+      classify, drop, gredecap, greencap, ipv6_decap, ipv6_encap, l2fwd, lbnetwork, lbpos, lbqinq, nop,
+      police, qinqdecapv4, qinqencapv4, qos, routing, impair, lb5tuple, mirror, unmpls, tagmpls,
+      nat, decapnsh, encapnsh, gen, genl4 and lat. This task(0) per core(3) receives packets on port.
+   d. ``rx port=p0`` - The port to receive packets on ``Port 0``. Core 4 will receive packets on ``Port 1``.
+   e. ``lat pos=42`` - Describes where to put a 4-byte timestamp in the packet. Note that the packet length should
+      be longer than ``lat pos`` + 4 bytes to avoid truncation of the timestamp. It defines where the timestamp is
+      to be read from. Note that the SUT workload might cause the position of the timestamp to change
+      (i.e. due to encapsulation).
+
+.. _nsb-sut-generator-label:
+
+*SUT Config file*
+-------------------------------
+
+This section will describes the SUT(VNF) config file. This is the same for both
+baremetal and heat. See this example of ``handle_l2fwd_multiflow-2.cfg`` to explain the options.
+
+.. image:: images/PROX_Handle_2port_cfg.png
+   :width: 1400px
+   :alt: NSB PROX Handle Config File
+
+See `prox options`_ for details
+
+Now let's examine the components of the file in detail
+
+1. ``[eal options]`` - same as the Generator config file. This specified the EAL (Environmental Abstraction Layer)
+   options. These are default values and are not changed.
+   See `dpdk wiki page`_.
+
+2. ``[port 0]`` - This section describes the DPDK Port. The number following the keyword ``port`` usually refers to the DPDK Port Id. usually starting from ``0``.
+   Because you can have multiple ports this entry usually repeated. Eg. For a 2 port setup ``[port0]`` and ``[port 1]`` and for a 4 port setup ``[port 0]``, ``[port 1]``,
+   ``[port 2]`` and ``[port 3]``::
+
+      [port 0]
+      name=if0
+      mac=hardware
+      rx desc=2048
+      tx desc=2048
+      promiscuous=yes
+
+   a. In this example ``name =if0`` assigned the name ``if0`` to the port. Any name can be assigned to a port.
+   b. ``mac=hardware`` sets the MAC address assigned by the hardware to data from this port.
+   c. ``rx desc=2048`` sets the number of available descriptors to allocate for receive packets. This can be changed and can effect performance.
+   d. ``tx desc=2048`` sets the number of available descriptors to allocate for transmit packets. This can be changed and can effect performance.
+   e. ``promiscuous=yes`` this enables promiscuous mode for this port.
+
+3. ``[defaults]`` - Here default operations and settings can be over written.::
+
+     [defaults]
+     mempool size=8K
+     memcache size=512
+
+   a. In this example ``mempool size=8K`` the number of mbufs per task is altered. Altering this value could effect performance. See `prox options`_ for details.
+   b. ``memcache size=512`` - number of mbufs cached per core, default is 256 this is the cache_size. Altering this value could effect performance.
+
+4. ``[global]`` - Here application wide setting are supported. Things like application name, start time, duration and memory configurations can be set here.
+   In this example.::
+
+      [global]
+      start time=5
+      name=Basic Gen
+
+    a. ``start time=5`` Time is seconds after which average stats will be started.
+    b. ``name=Handle L2FWD Multiflow (2x)`` Name of the configuration.
+
+5. ``[core 0]`` - This core is designated the master core. Every Prox application must have a master core. The master mode must be assigned to
+   exactly one task, running alone on one core.::
+
+    [core 0]
+    mode=master
+
+6. ``[core 1]`` - This describes the activity on core 1. Cores can be configured by means of a set of [core #] sections,   where # represents either:
+
+   a. an absolute core number: e.g. on a 10-core, dual socket system with hyper-threading,
+      cores are numbered from 0 to 39.
+
+   b. PROX allows a core to be identified by a core number, the letter 's', and a socket number.
+      However NSB PROX is hardware agnostic (physical and virtual configurations are the same) it
+      is advisable no to use physical core numbering.
+
+   Each core can be assigned with a set of tasks, each running one of the implemented packet processing modes.::
+
+     [core 1]
+     name=none
+     task=0
+     mode=l2fwd
+     dst mac=@@tester_mac1
+     rx port=if0
+     tx port=if1
+
+   a. ``name=none`` - No name assigned to the core.
+   b. ``task=0`` - Each core can run a set of tasks. Starting with ``0``. Task 1 can be defined later in this core or
+      can be defined in another ``[core 1]`` section with ``task=1`` later in configuration file. Sometimes running
+      multiple task related to the same packet on the same physical core improves performance, however sometimes it
+      is optimal to move task to a separate core. This is best decided by checking performance.
+   c. ``mode=l2fwd`` - Specifies the action carried out by this task on this core. Supported modes are: acl,
+      classify, drop, gredecap, greencap, ipv6_decap, ipv6_encap, l2fwd, lbnetwork, lbpos, lbqinq, nop,
+      police, qinqdecapv4, qinqencapv4, qos, routing, impair, lb5tuple, mirror, unmpls, tagmpls,
+      nat, decapnsh, encapnsh, gen, genl4 and lat. This code does ``l2fwd`` .. ie it does the L2FWD.
+
+   d. ``dst mac=@@tester_mac1`` - The destination mac address of the packet will be set to the MAC address of ``Port 1`` of destination device. (The Traffic Generator/Verifier)
+   e. ``rx port=if0`` - This specifies that the packets are received from ``Port 0`` called if0
+   f. ``tx port=if1`` - This specifies that the packets are transmitted to ``Port 1``  called if1
+
+   If this example we receive a packet on core on a port, carry out operation on the packet on the core and transmit it on on another port still using the same task on the same core.
+
+   On some implementation you may wish to use multiple tasks, like this.::
+
+     [core 1]
+     name=rx_task
+     task=0
+     mode=l2fwd
+     dst mac=@@tester_p0
+     rx port=if0
+     tx cores=1t1
+     drop=no
+
+     name=l2fwd_if0
+     task=1
+     mode=nop
+     rx ring=yes
+     tx port=if0
+     drop=no
+
+   In this example you can see Core 1/Task 0 called ``rx_task`` receives the packet from if0 and perform the l2fwd. However instead of sending the packet to a
+   port it sends it to a core see ``tx cores=1t1``. In this case it sends it to Core 1/Task 1.
+
+   Core 1/Task 1 called ``l2fwd_if0``, receives the packet, not from a port but from the ring. See ``rx ring=yes``. It does not perform any operation on the packet See ``mode=none``
+   and sends the packets to ``if0`` see ``tx port=if0``.
+
+   It is also possible to implement more complex operations be chaining multiple operations in sequence and using rings to pass packets from one core to another.
+
+   In thus example we show a Broadband Network Gateway (BNG) with Quality of Service (QoS).  Communication from task to task is via rings.
+
+   .. image:: images/PROX_BNG_QOS.png
+      :width: 1000px
+      :alt: NSB PROX Config File for BNG_QOS
+
+*Baremetal Configuration file*
+------------------------------
+
+.. _baremetal-config-label:
+
+This is required for baremetal testing. It describes the IP address of the various ports, the Network devices drivers and MAC addresses and the network
+configuration.
+
+In this example we will describe a 2 port configuration. This file is the same for all 2 port NSB Prox tests on the same platforms/configuration.
+
+  .. image:: images/PROX_Baremetal_config.png
+     :width: 1000px
+     :alt: NSB PROX Yardstick Config
+
+Now lets describe the sections of the file.
+
+  1. ``TrafficGen`` - This section describes the Traffic Generator node of the test configuration. The name of the node ``trafficgen_1`` must match the node name
+     in the ``Test Description File for Baremetal`` mentioned earlier. The password attribute of the test needs to be configured. All other parameters
+     can remain as default settings.
+  2. ``interfaces`` - This defines the DPDK interfaces on the Traffic Generator.
+  3. ``xe0`` is DPDK Port 0. ``lspci`` and `` ./dpdk-devbind.py -s`` can be used to provide the interface information. ``netmask`` and ``local_ip`` should not be changed
+  4. ``xe1`` is DPDK Port 1. If more than 2 ports are required then ``xe1`` section needs to be repeated and modified accordingly.
+  5. ``vnf`` - This section describes the SUT of the test configuration. The name of the node ``vnf`` must match the node name in the
+     ``Test Description File for Baremetal`` mentioned earlier. The password attribute of the test needs to be configured. All other parameters
+     can remain as default settings
+  6. ``interfaces`` - This defines the DPDK interfaces on the SUT
+  7. ``xe0`` - Same as 3 but for the ``SUT``.
+  8. ``xe1`` - Same as 4 but for the ``SUT`` also.
+  9. ``routing_table`` - All parameters should remain unchanged.
+  10. ``nd_route_tbl`` - All parameters should remain unchanged.
+
+*Grafana Dashboard*
+-------------------
+
+The grafana dashboard visually displays the results of the tests. The steps required to produce a grafana dashboard are described here.
+
+.. _yardstick-config-label:
+
+  a. Configure ``yardstick`` to use influxDB to store test results. See file ``/etc/yardstick/yardstick.conf``.
+
+     .. image:: images/PROX_Yardstick_config.png
+        :width: 1000px
+        :alt: NSB PROX Yardstick Config
+
+     1. Specify the dispatcher to use influxDB to store results.
+     2. "target = .. " - Specify location of influxDB to store results.
+        "db_name = yardstick" - name of database. Do not change
+        "username = root" - username to use to store result. (Many tests are run as root)
+        "password = ... " - Please set to root user password
+
+  b. Deploy InfludDB & Grafana. See how to Deploy InfluxDB & Grafana. See `grafana deployment`_.
+  c. Generate the test data. Run the tests as follows .::
+
+       yardstick --debug task start tc_prox_<context>_<test>-ports.yaml
+
+     eg.::
+
+       yardstick --debug task start tc_prox_heat_context_l2fwd-4.yaml
+
+  d. Now build the dashboard for the test you just ran. The easiest way to do this is to copy an existing dashboard and rename the
+     test and the field names. The procedure to do so is described here. See `opnfv grafana dashboard`_.
+
+How to run NSB Prox Test on an baremetal environment
+====================================================
+
+In order to run the NSB PROX test.
+
+  1. Install NSB on Traffic Generator node and Prox in SUT. See `NSB Installation`_
+
+  2. To enter container::
+
+       docker exec -it yardstick /bin/bash
+
+  3. Install baremetal configuration file (POD files)
+
+     a. Go to location of PROX tests in container ::
+
+          cd /home/opnfv/repos/yardstick/samples/vnf_samples/nsut/prox
+
+     b. Install prox-baremetal-2.yam and prox-baremetal-4.yaml for that topology
+        into this directory as per baremetal-config-label_
+
+     c. Install and configure ``yardstick.conf`` ::
+
+            cd /etc/yardstick/
+
+        Modify /etc/yardstick/yardstick.conf as per yardstick-config-label_
+
+  4. Execute the test. Eg.::
+
+        yardstick --debug task start ./tc_prox_baremetal_l2fwd-4.yaml
+
+How to run NSB Prox Test on an Openstack environment
+====================================================
+
+In order to run the NSB PROX test.
+
+  1. Install NSB on Openstack deployment node. See  `NSB Installation`_
+
+  2. To enter container::
+
+       docker exec -it yardstick /bin/bash
+
+  3. Install configuration file
+
+     a. Goto location of PROX tests in container ::
+
+          cd /home/opnfv/repos/yardstick/samples/vnf_samples/nsut/prox
+
+     b. Install and configure ``yardstick.conf`` ::
+
+            cd /etc/yardstick/
+
+        Modify /etc/yardstick/yardstick.conf as per yardstick-config-label_
+
+
+  4. Execute the test. Eg.::
+
+        yardstick --debug task start ./tc_prox_heat_context_l2fwd-4.yaml
+
+Frequently Asked Questions
+==========================
+
+Here is a list of frequently asked questions.
+
+*NSB Prox does not work on Baremetal, How do I resolve this?*
+-------------------------------------------------------------
+
+If PROX NSB does not work on baremetal, problem is either in network configuration or test file.
+
+*Solution*
+
+1. Verify network configuration. Execute existing baremetal test.::
+
+       yardstick --debug task start ./tc_prox_baremetal_l2fwd-4.yaml
+
+   If test does not work then error in network configuration.
+
+      a. Check DPDK on Traffic Generator and SUT via:- ::
+
+           /root/dpdk-17./usertools/dpdk-devbind.py
+
+      b. Verify MAC addresses match ``prox-baremetal-<ports>.yaml`` via ``ifconfig`` and ``dpdk-devbind``
+
+      c. Check your eth port is what you expect. You would not be the first person to think that
+         the port your cable is plugged into is ethX when in fact it is ethY. Use
+         ethtool to visually confirm that the eth is where you expect.::
+
+            ethtool -p ethX
+
+         A led should start blinking on port. (On both System-Under-Test and Traffic Generator)
+
+      d. Check cable.
+
+         Install Linux kernel network driver and ensure your ports are
+         ``bound`` to the driver via ``dpdk-devbind``. Bring up port on both
+         SUT and Traffic Generator and check connection.
+
+         i) On SUT and on Traffic Generator::
+
+              ifconfig ethX/enoX up
+
+         ii) Check link
+
+               ethtool ethX/enoX
+
+             See ``Link detected`` if ``yes`` .... Cable is good. If ``no`` you have an issue with your cable/port.
+
+2. If existing baremetal works then issue is with your test. Check the traffic generator gen_<test>-<ports>.cfg to ensure
+   it is producing a valid packet.
+
+*How do I debug NSB Prox on Baremetal?*
+---------------------------------------
+
+*Solution*
+
+1. Execute the test as follows::
+
+     yardstick --debug task start ./tc_prox_baremetal_l2fwd-4.yaml
+
+2. Login to Traffic Generator as ``root``.::
+
+     cd
+     /opt/nsb_bin/prox -f /tmp/gen_<test>-<ports>.cfg
+
+3. Login to SUT as ``root``.::
+
+     cd
+     /opt/nsb_bin/prox -f /tmp/handle_<test>-<ports>.cfg
+
+4. Now let's examine the Generator Output. In this case the output of gen_l2fwd-4.cfg.
+
+     .. image:: images/PROX_Gen_GUI.png
+        :width: 1000px
+        :alt: NSB PROX Traffic Generator GUI
+
+   Now let's examine the output
+
+     1. Indicates the amount of data successfully transmitted on Port 0
+     2. Indicates the amount of data successfully received on port 1
+     3. Indicates the amount of data successfully handled for port 1
+
+   It appears what is transmitted is received.
+
+   .. Caution::
+      The number of packets MAY not exactly match because the ports are read in sequence.
+
+   .. Caution::
+      What is transmitted on PORT X may not always be received on same port. Please check the Test scenario.
+
+5. Now lets examine the SUT Output
+
+     .. image:: images/PROX_SUT_GUI.png
+        :width: 1400px
+        :alt: NSB PROX SUT GUI
+
+   Now lets examine the output
+
+     1. What is received on 0 is transmitted on 1, received on 1 transmitted on 0,
+        received on 2 transmitted on 3 and received on 3 transmitted on 2.
+     2. No packets are Failed.
+     3. No Packets are discarded.
+
+  We can also dump the packets being received or transmitted via the following commands. ::
+
+       dump                   Arguments: <core id> <task id> <nb packets>
+                              Create a hex dump of <nb_packets> from <task_id> on <core_id> showing how
+                              packets have changed between RX and TX.
+       dump_rx                Arguments: <core id> <task id> <nb packets>
+                              Create a hex dump of <nb_packets> from <task_id> on <core_id> at RX
+       dump_tx                Arguments: <core id> <task id> <nb packets>
+                              Create a hex dump of <nb_packets> from <task_id> on <core_id> at TX
+
+  eg.::
+
+       dump_tx 1 0 1
+
+*NSB Prox works on Baremetal but not in Openstack. How do I resolve this?*
+--------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+NSB Prox on Baremetal is a lot more forgiving than NSB Prox on Openstack. A badly
+formed packed may still work with PROX on Baremetal. However on
+Openstack the packet must be correct and all fields of the header correct.
+Eg A packet with an invalid Protocol ID would still work in Baremetal
+but this packet would be rejected by openstack.
+
+*Solution*
+
+ 1. Check the validity of the packet.
+ 2. Use a known good packet in your test
+ 3. If using ``Random`` fields in the traffic generator, disable them and retry.
+
+
+*How do I debug NSB Prox on Openstack?*
+---------------------------------------
+
+*Solution*
+
+1. Execute the test as follows::
+
+     yardstick --debug task start --keep-deploy ./tc_prox_heat_context_l2fwd-4.yaml
+
+2. Access docker image if required via::
+
+      docker exec -it yardstick /bin/bash
+
+3. Install openstack credentials.
+
+   Depending on your openstack deployment, the location of these credentials may vary.
+   On this platform I do this via::
+
+     scp root@10.237.222.55:/etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh .
+     source ./admin-openrc.sh
+
+4. List Stack details
+
+   a. Get the name of the Stack.
+
+         .. image:: images/PROX_Openstack_stack_list.png
+            :width: 1000px
+            :alt: NSB PROX openstack stack list
+
+   b. Get the Floating IP of the Traffic Generator & SUT
+
+      This generates a lot of information. Please not the floating IP of the VNF and
+      the Traffic Generator.
+
+         .. image:: images/PROX_Openstack_stack_show_a.png
+            :width: 1000px
+            :alt: NSB PROX openstack stack show (Top)
+
+      From here you can see the floating IP Address of the SUT / VNF
+
+         .. image:: images/PROX_Openstack_stack_show_b.png
+            :width: 1000px
+            :alt: NSB PROX openstack stack show (Top)
+
+      From here you can see the floating IP Address of the Traffic Generator
+
+   c. Get ssh identity file
+
+      In the docker container locate the identity file.::
+
+        cd /home/opnfv/repos/yardstick/yardstick/resources/files
+        ls -lt
+
+5. Login to SUT as ``Ubuntu``.::
+
+     ssh -i ./yardstick_key-01029d1d ubuntu@172.16.2.158
+
+   Change to root::
+
+     sudo su
+
+    Now continue as baremetal.
+
+6. Login to SUT as ``Ubuntu``.::
+
+     ssh -i ./yardstick_key-01029d1d ubuntu@172.16.2.156
+
+   Change to root::
+
+     sudo su
+
+    Now continue as baremetal.
+
+*How do I resolve "Quota exceeded for resources"*
+-------------------------------------------------
+
+*Solution*
+
+This usually occurs due to 2 reasons when executing an openstack test.
+
+1. One or more stacks already exists and are consuming all resources. To resolve ::
+
+     openstack stack list
+
+   Response::
+
+     +--------------------------------------+--------------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------------+
+     | ID                                   | Stack Name         | Stack Status    | Creation Time        | Updated Time |
+     +--------------------------------------+--------------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------------+
+     | acb559d7-f575-4266-a2d4-67290b556f15 | yardstick-e05ba5a4 | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2017-12-06T15:00:05Z | None         |
+     | 7edf21ce-8824-4c86-8edb-f7e23801a01b | yardstick-08bda9e3 | CREATE_COMPLETE | 2017-12-06T14:56:43Z | None         |
+     +--------------------------------------+--------------------+-----------------+----------------------+--------------+
+
+   In this case 2 stacks already exist.
+
+   To remove stack::
+
+     openstack stack delete yardstick-08bda9e3
+     Are you sure you want to delete this stack(s) [y/N]? y
+
+2. The openstack configuration quotas are too small.
+
+   The solution is to increase the quota. Use below to query existing quotas::
+
+     openstack quota show
+
+   And to set quota::
+
+     openstack quota set <resource>
+
+*Openstack Cli fails or hangs. How do I resolve this?*
+------------------------------------------------------
+
+*Solution*
+
+If it fails due to ::
+
+   Missing value auth-url required for auth plugin password
+
+Check your shell environment for Openstack variables. One of them should contain the authentication URL ::
+
+
+   OS_AUTH_URL=``https://192.168.72.41:5000/v3``
+
+Or similar. Ensure that openstack configurations are exported. ::
+
+   cat  /etc/kolla/admin-openrc.sh
+
+Result ::
+
+   export OS_PROJECT_DOMAIN_NAME=default
+   export OS_USER_DOMAIN_NAME=default
+   export OS_PROJECT_NAME=admin
+   export OS_TENANT_NAME=admin
+   export OS_USERNAME=admin
+   export OS_PASSWORD=BwwSEZqmUJA676klr9wa052PFjNkz99tOccS9sTc
+   export OS_AUTH_URL=http://193.168.72.41:35357/v3
+   export OS_INTERFACE=internal
+   export OS_IDENTITY_API_VERSION=3
+   export EXTERNAL_NETWORK=yardstick-public
+
+and visible.
+
+If the Openstack Cli appears to hang, then verify the proxys and no_proxy are set correctly.
+They should be similar to ::
+
+   FTP_PROXY="http://proxy.ir.intel.com:911/"
+   HTTPS_PROXY="http://proxy.ir.intel.com:911/"
+   HTTP_PROXY="http://proxy.ir.intel.com:911/"
+   NO_PROXY="localhost,127.0.0.1,10.237.222.55,10.237.223.80,10.237.222.134,.ir.intel.com"
+   ftp_proxy="http://proxy.ir.intel.com:911/"
+   http_proxy="http://proxy.ir.intel.com:911/"
+   https_proxy="http://proxy.ir.intel.com:911/"
+   no_proxy="localhost,127.0.0.1,10.237.222.55,10.237.223.80,10.237.222.134,.ir.intel.com"
+
+Where
+
+    1) 10.237.222.55 = IP Address of deployment node
+    2) 10.237.223.80 = IP Address of Controller node
+    3) 10.237.222.134 = IP Address of Compute Node
+    4) ir.intel.com = local no proxy
+
+
+
+
+
+