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diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.txt b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.txt new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7375b618 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.txt @@ -0,0 +1,1232 @@ + + + + +Network Working Group M. Tahhan +Internet-Draft B. O'Mahony +Intended status: Informational Intel +Expires: January 9, 2017 A. Morton + AT&T Labs + July 8, 2016 + + + Benchmarking Virtual Switches in OPNFV + draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00 + +Abstract + + This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project + intends to build on the current and completed work of the + Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing + existing literature. The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has + traditionally conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated + physical implementations of internetworking functions. Therefore, + this memo begins to describe the additional considerations when + virtual switches are implemented in general-purpose hardware. The + expanded tests and benchmarks are also influenced by the OPNFV + mission to support virtualization of the "telco" infrastructure. + +Requirements Language + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119 [RFC2119]. + +Status of This Memo + + This Internet-Draft is submitted in full conformance with the + provisions of BCP 78 and BCP 79. + + Internet-Drafts are working documents of the Internet Engineering + Task Force (IETF). Note that other groups may also distribute + working documents as Internet-Drafts. The list of current Internet- + Drafts is at http://datatracker.ietf.org/drafts/current/. + + Internet-Drafts are draft documents valid for a maximum of six months + and may be updated, replaced, or obsoleted by other documents at any + time. It is inappropriate to use Internet-Drafts as reference + material or to cite them other than as "work in progress." + + This Internet-Draft will expire on January 9, 2017. + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 1] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + +Copyright Notice + + Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the + document authors. All rights reserved. + + This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal + Provisions Relating to IETF Documents + (http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of + publication of this document. Please review these documents + carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect + to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must + include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of + the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as + described in the Simplified BSD License. + +Table of Contents + + 1. Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 + 2. Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3 + 3. Benchmarking Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 + 3.1. Comparison with Physical Network Functions . . . . . . . 4 + 3.2. Continued Emphasis on Black-Box Benchmarks . . . . . . . 4 + 3.3. New Configuration Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 + 3.4. Flow classification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 + 3.5. Benchmarks using Baselines with Resource Isolation . . . 7 + 4. VSWITCHPERF Specification Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 + 5. 3x3 Matrix Coverage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 + 5.1. Speed of Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + 5.2. Accuracy of Activation section . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + 5.3. Reliability of Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + 5.4. Scale of Activation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + 5.5. Speed of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + 5.6. Accuracy of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + 5.7. Reliability of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17 + 5.8. Scalability of Operation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 + 5.9. Summary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 + 6. Security Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18 + 7. IANA Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 + 8. Acknowledgements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 + 9. References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 + 9.1. Normative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19 + 9.2. Informative References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 + Authors' Addresses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22 + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 2] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + +1. Introduction + + Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally + conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical + implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box + Benchmarks of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have + served our industry for many years. Now, Network Function + Virtualization (NFV) has the goal to transform how internetwork + functions are implemented, and therefore has garnered much attention. + + This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV + (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, + "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release [BrahRel]. + This project intends to build on the current and completed work of + the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing + existing literature. For example, currently the most often + referenced RFC is [RFC2544] (which depends on [RFC1242]) and + foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is common and strong. + + See https://wiki.opnfv.org/ + characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases for more + background, and the OPNFV website for general information: + https://www.opnfv.org/ + + The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open + source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on + existing "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are + many ways in which telco requirements have different emphasis on + performance dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for + and transfer of isochronous media streams is one example. + + Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many + new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are + currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other + projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We + acknowledge the early work in + [I-D.huang-bmwg-virtual-network-performance], and useful discussion + with the authors. + +2. Scope + + The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry + of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG + literature and experience, and describe the extensions needed for + benchmarking virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many + of these extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to + hardware switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, + for example). Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 3] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + more detail and commentary from BMWG and other Open Source + communities, under BMWG's chartered work to characterize the NFV + Infrastructure (a virtual switch is an important aspect of that + infrastructure). + +3. Benchmarking Considerations + + This section highlights some specific considerations (from + [I-D.ietf-bmwg-virtual-net])related to Benchmarks for virtual + switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these + areas, as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design + (LTD) document. + +3.1. Comparison with Physical Network Functions + + To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations + with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. + BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this + memo re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them + during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the + number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance + with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was + reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. + + It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application + running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory + footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of + internetworking functions. + +3.2. Continued Emphasis on Black-Box Benchmarks + + External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. + Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation + will be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations + procedures when the technology is deployed. + +3.3. New Configuration Parameters + + A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying + to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When + benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that + can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the + various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists + some of the many new parameters which this project believes are + critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. + + Hardware details including: + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 4] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + o Platform details + + o Processor details + + o Memory information (type and size) + + o Number of enabled cores + + o Number of cores used for the test + + o Number of physical NICs, as well as their details (manufacturer, + versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged into) + + o NIC interrupt configuration + + o BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified + + o CPU microcode level + + o Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be the + same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations + + o PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack option...) + + o Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor + package, OS...) + + Software details including: + + o OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at the + console on one system) + + o OS version (for host and VNF) + + o Kernel version (for host and VNF) + + o GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) + + o Hypervisor details (Type and version) + + o Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used + + o vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised + + o Memory allocation to the vSwitch + + o which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 5] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + o DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id used + + o Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere + + o VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent non- + persistent + + o Number of VMs + + o Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver + + o Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host + + o Number vNIC interrupt configuration + + o Thread affinitization for the applications (including the vSwitch + itself) on the host + + o Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for Host/ + Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. + + Test Traffic Information: + + o Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other + + o Packet Sizes + + o Deployment Scenario + +3.4. Flow classification + + Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and matching + particular packet or frame header information, or by matching packets + based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a sequence + of packets that have the same set of header field values (5-tuple) or + have arrived on the same port. Performance results can vary based on + the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended + flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance tests are: + the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and + the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the + flow timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance + tests that do not measure the flow setup time. Normally the first + packet of a particular stream will install the flow in the virtual + switch which adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of the + same flow are not subject to this latency if the flow is already + installed on the vSwitch. + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 6] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + +3.5. Benchmarks using Baselines with Resource Isolation + + This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated + resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this + time. + + 1. Baselines: + + * Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without a + vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of + platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance + for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and + latency). + + Benchmark platform forwarding capability + + __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | Simple Forwarding App | | Host + | | | | | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | NIC | | | + +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + * Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct connectivity + (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 hours (serves + as a means of VNF validation and a means to obtain the base + performance for the VNF in terms of its maximum forwarding + rate and latency). The metrics gathered from this test will + serve as a key comparison point for vSwitch bypass + technologies performance and vSwitch performance. + + + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 7] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + Benchmark VNF forwarding capability + + __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | VNF | | | + | | | | | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Passthrough/SR-IOV | | Host + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | NIC | | | + +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + * Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other + resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are SUT + + * Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some + resources unused + + * Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources occupied + + 2. Next Steps + + * Limited sharing + + * Production scenarios + + * Stressful scenarios + +4. VSWITCHPERF Specification Summary + + The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level + Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance + tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the pre- + existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of + physical switches. These specifications include: + + o [RFC2544] Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect + Devices + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 8] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + o [RFC2889] Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching + + o [RFC6201] Device Reset Characterization + + o [RFC5481] Packet Delay Variation Applicability Statement + + Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for + the first time, and represent a development challenge for test + equipment developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing + system community have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an + open source test system. + + In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined by: + + o [RFC2285] Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching Devices + + o [RFC5481] Packet Delay Variation Applicability Statement + + Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD include: + + o [RFC3918] Methodology for IP Multicast Benchmarking + + o [RFC4737] Packet Reordering Metrics + + As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking + characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the + switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the + specification. + + When considering characteristics important to "telco" network + functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. + In this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from + the IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that + the [RFC2544] test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a metric + derived from IPPM's [RFC2679], where a set of statistical summaries + will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further metrics planned to + be benchmarked include packet delay variation as defined by [RFC5481] + , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT availability, DUT capacity and + packet loss in long term testing at Throughput level, where some low- + level of background loss may be present and characterized. + + Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics below: + + o Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in frames + per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load (as + defined by [RFC1242]) without traffic loss. + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 9] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + o Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min + and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. + + o Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers. + + o Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs as + the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic's configuration... it has to deal with increases. + + o Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data + through the switch. + + o Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as + the effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT + (example: delay of the initial packet of a flow). + + o CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual + switch's footprint on the system, usually conducted as auxiliary + measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU + utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. + + o The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted + over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, + and at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture + transient changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent + processes or the low probability coincidence of two or more + processes. The performance must be evaluated periodically during + continuous testing, and this results in use of [RFC2889] Frame + Rate metrics instead of [RFC2544] Throughput (which requires + stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit internal + queues). + + Future/planned test specs include: + + o Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the + transaction rate through the switch. + + o Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. + + o Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 + requirements [IFA003] on characterization of acceleration + technologies applied to vswitches. + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 10] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a network + means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to + characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment + scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: + + Physical port to virtual switch to physical port + + __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +--------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | v | | Host + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 11] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch to physical + port + + __ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | ^ : | | + | | | | | Guest + | : v | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | + +---+---------------+-----------+---------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v __ + +---+---------------+----------+---------------+---+ | + | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | ^ : | | + | | | | | Host + | : v | | + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 12] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch to VNF to + virtual switch to physical port + + __ + +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | Application | | | | Application | | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | | ^ | | | + | | v | | | v | | Guests + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | + | | 0 1 | | | | 0 1 | | | + +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+__| + ^ : ^ : + | | | | + : v : v _ + +---+---------------+---------+---------------+--+ | + | | 0 1 | | 3 4 | | | + | | logical ports | | logical ports | | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | ^ | ^ | | | Host + | | |-----------------| v | | + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy ports | vSwitch | phy ports | | | + +---+--------------+----------+--------------+---+_| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 13] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + Physical port to virtual switch to VNF + + __ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | ^ | | + | | | | Guest + | : | | + | +---------------+ | | + | | logical port 0| | | + +---+---------------+-------------------------------+ __| + ^ + | + : __ + +---+---------------+------------------------------+ | + | | logical port 0| | | + | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | + | | | | Host + | : | | + | +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | | + +---+--------------+------------ -------------- ---+ __| + ^ + | + : + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 14] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + __ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | : | | + | | | | Guest + | v | | + | +---------------+ | | + | | logical port | | | + +-------------------------------+---------------+---+ __| + : + | + v __ + +------------------------------+---------------+---+ | + | | logical port | | | + | +---------------+ | | + | : | | + | | | | Host + | v | | + | +--------------+ | | + | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +-------------------------------+--------------+---+ __| + : + | + v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 15] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + VNF to virtual switch to VNF + + __ + +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | Application | | | | Application | | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | | | ^ | | + | v | | | | | Guests + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | + | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | + +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+__| + : ^ + | | + v : _ + +---+---------------+---------+---------------+--+ | + | | 1 | | 1 | | | + | | logical ports | | logical ports | | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | | ^ | | Host + | L-----------------+ | | + | | | + | vSwitch | | + +------------------------------------------------+_| + + A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test + Methodology Wiki page [TestTopo]. + +5. 3x3 Matrix Coverage + + This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the + "3x3" matrix (introduced in [I-D.ietf-bmwg-virtual-net]). Because + the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is + organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all + are occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale + metrics when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). + The current version of the LTD specification is available [LTD]. + + The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data + plane, rather than the control plane. + + A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the + VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page [LTDoverV]. + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 16] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + +5.1. Speed of Activation + + o Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate + + o PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency + +5.2. Accuracy of Activation section + + o CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition + +5.3. Reliability of Activation + + o Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime + + o Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime + +5.4. Scale of Activation + + o Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + +5.5. Speed of Operation + + o Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate + + o CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + o Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification + + o Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames + + o Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + + o Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure + + o Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding + +5.6. Accuracy of Operation + + o Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering + + o Throughput.RFC2544.Profile + +5.7. Reliability of Operation + + o Throughput.RFC2889.Soak + + o Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 17] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + o PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak + +5.8. Scalability of Operation + + o Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + o MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability + +5.9. Summary + +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| | SPEED | ACCURACY | RELIABILITY | SCALE | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| Activation | X | X | X | X | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| Operation | X | X | X | X | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| De-activation | | | | | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| + +6. Security Considerations + + Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to + technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test + (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with + dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections + above. + + The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup + and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test + traffic into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test + management network. + + Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying + solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. + + Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for + benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising + from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production + networks. + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 18] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + +7. IANA Considerations + + No IANA Action is requested at this time. + +8. Acknowledgements + + The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, + Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, + Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews. + +9. References + +9.1. Normative References + + [NFV.PER001] + "Network Function Virtualization: Performance and + Portability Best Practices", Group Specification ETSI GS + NFV-PER 001 V1.1.1 (2014-06), June 2014. + + [RFC2119] Bradner, S., "Key words for use in RFCs to Indicate + Requirement Levels", BCP 14, RFC 2119, + DOI 10.17487/RFC2119, March 1997, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2119>. + + [RFC2285] Mandeville, R., "Benchmarking Terminology for LAN + Switching Devices", RFC 2285, DOI 10.17487/RFC2285, + February 1998, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2285>. + + [RFC2330] Paxson, V., Almes, G., Mahdavi, J., and M. Mathis, + "Framework for IP Performance Metrics", RFC 2330, + DOI 10.17487/RFC2330, May 1998, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2330>. + + [RFC2544] Bradner, S. and J. McQuaid, "Benchmarking Methodology for + Network Interconnect Devices", RFC 2544, + DOI 10.17487/RFC2544, March 1999, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2544>. + + [RFC2679] Almes, G., Kalidindi, S., and M. Zekauskas, "A One-way + Delay Metric for IPPM", RFC 2679, DOI 10.17487/RFC2679, + September 1999, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2679>. + + [RFC2680] Almes, G., Kalidindi, S., and M. Zekauskas, "A One-way + Packet Loss Metric for IPPM", RFC 2680, + DOI 10.17487/RFC2680, September 1999, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2680>. + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 19] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + [RFC2681] Almes, G., Kalidindi, S., and M. Zekauskas, "A Round-trip + Delay Metric for IPPM", RFC 2681, DOI 10.17487/RFC2681, + September 1999, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2681>. + + [RFC2889] Mandeville, R. and J. Perser, "Benchmarking Methodology + for LAN Switching Devices", RFC 2889, + DOI 10.17487/RFC2889, August 2000, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc2889>. + + [RFC3393] Demichelis, C. and P. Chimento, "IP Packet Delay Variation + Metric for IP Performance Metrics (IPPM)", RFC 3393, + DOI 10.17487/RFC3393, November 2002, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3393>. + + [RFC3432] Raisanen, V., Grotefeld, G., and A. Morton, "Network + performance measurement with periodic streams", RFC 3432, + DOI 10.17487/RFC3432, November 2002, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3432>. + + [RFC3918] Stopp, D. and B. Hickman, "Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking", RFC 3918, DOI 10.17487/RFC3918, October + 2004, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc3918>. + + [RFC4689] Poretsky, S., Perser, J., Erramilli, S., and S. Khurana, + "Terminology for Benchmarking Network-layer Traffic + Control Mechanisms", RFC 4689, DOI 10.17487/RFC4689, + October 2006, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4689>. + + [RFC4737] Morton, A., Ciavattone, L., Ramachandran, G., Shalunov, + S., and J. Perser, "Packet Reordering Metrics", RFC 4737, + DOI 10.17487/RFC4737, November 2006, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc4737>. + + [RFC5357] Hedayat, K., Krzanowski, R., Morton, A., Yum, K., and J. + Babiarz, "A Two-Way Active Measurement Protocol (TWAMP)", + RFC 5357, DOI 10.17487/RFC5357, October 2008, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5357>. + + [RFC5905] Mills, D., Martin, J., Ed., Burbank, J., and W. Kasch, + "Network Time Protocol Version 4: Protocol and Algorithms + Specification", RFC 5905, DOI 10.17487/RFC5905, June 2010, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5905>. + + [RFC6201] Asati, R., Pignataro, C., Calabria, F., and C. Olvera, + "Device Reset Characterization", RFC 6201, + DOI 10.17487/RFC6201, March 2011, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6201>. + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 20] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + +9.2. Informative References + + [BrahRel] "Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release https://www.opnfv.org/ + brahmaputra". + + [I-D.huang-bmwg-virtual-network-performance] + Huang, L., Rong, G., Mandeville, B., and B. Hickman, + "Benchmarking Methodology for Virtualization Network + Performance", draft-huang-bmwg-virtual-network- + performance-01 (work in progress), April 2015. + + [I-D.ietf-bmwg-virtual-net] + Morton, A., "Considerations for Benchmarking Virtual + Network Functions and Their Infrastructure", draft-ietf- + bmwg-virtual-net-03 (work in progress), June 2016. + + [IFA003] "https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/ + IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/". + + [LTD] "LTD Test Specification + http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/ + index.html". + + [LTDoverV] + "LTD Test Spec Overview https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/ + vswitchperf_test_spec_review". + + [RFC1242] Bradner, S., "Benchmarking Terminology for Network + Interconnection Devices", RFC 1242, DOI 10.17487/RFC1242, + July 1991, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc1242>. + + [RFC5481] Morton, A. and B. Claise, "Packet Delay Variation + Applicability Statement", RFC 5481, DOI 10.17487/RFC5481, + March 2009, <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc5481>. + + [RFC6049] Morton, A. and E. Stephan, "Spatial Composition of + Metrics", RFC 6049, DOI 10.17487/RFC6049, January 2011, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6049>. + + [RFC6248] Morton, A., "RFC 4148 and the IP Performance Metrics + (IPPM) Registry of Metrics Are Obsolete", RFC 6248, + DOI 10.17487/RFC6248, April 2011, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6248>. + + [RFC6390] Clark, A. and B. Claise, "Guidelines for Considering New + Performance Metric Development", BCP 170, RFC 6390, + DOI 10.17487/RFC6390, October 2011, + <http://www.rfc-editor.org/info/rfc6390>. + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 21] + +Internet-Draft Benchmarking vSwitches July 2016 + + + [TestTopo] + "Test Topologies https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/ + test_methodology". + +Authors' Addresses + + Maryam Tahhan + Intel + + Email: maryam.tahhan@intel.com + + + Billy O'Mahony + Intel + + Email: billy.o.mahony@intel.com + + + Al Morton + AT&T Labs + 200 Laurel Avenue South + Middletown,, NJ 07748 + USA + + Phone: +1 732 420 1571 + Fax: +1 732 368 1192 + Email: acmorton@att.com + URI: http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +Tahhan, et al. Expires January 9, 2017 [Page 22] diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2259b23c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1016 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII"?> +<!DOCTYPE rfc SYSTEM "rfc2629.dtd"> +<?rfc toc="yes"?> +<?rfc tocompact="yes"?> +<?rfc tocdepth="3"?> +<?rfc tocindent="yes"?> +<?rfc symrefs="yes"?> +<?rfc sortrefs="yes"?> +<?rfc comments="yes"?> +<?rfc inline="yes"?> +<?rfc compact="yes"?> +<?rfc subcompact="no"?> +<rfc category="info" docName="draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00" + ipr="trust200902"> + <front> + <title abbrev="Benchmarking vSwitches">Benchmarking Virtual Switches in + OPNFV</title> + + <author fullname="Maryam Tahhan" initials="M." surname="Tahhan"> + <organization>Intel</organization> + + <address> + <postal> + <street/> + + <city/> + + <region/> + + <code/> + + <country/> + </postal> + + <phone/> + + <facsimile/> + + <email>maryam.tahhan@intel.com</email> + + <uri/> + </address> + </author> + + <author fullname="Billy O'Mahony" initials="B." surname="O'Mahony"> + <organization>Intel</organization> + + <address> + <postal> + <street/> + + <city/> + + <region/> + + <code/> + + <country/> + </postal> + + <phone/> + + <facsimile/> + + <email>billy.o.mahony@intel.com</email> + + <uri/> + </address> + </author> + + <author fullname="Al Morton" initials="A." surname="Morton"> + <organization>AT&T Labs</organization> + + <address> + <postal> + <street>200 Laurel Avenue South</street> + + <city>Middletown,</city> + + <region>NJ</region> + + <code>07748</code> + + <country>USA</country> + </postal> + + <phone>+1 732 420 1571</phone> + + <facsimile>+1 732 368 1192</facsimile> + + <email>acmorton@att.com</email> + + <uri>http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/</uri> + </address> + </author> + + <date day="8" month="July" year="2016"/> + + <abstract> + <t>This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project + intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking + Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. + The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted + laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of + internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the + additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in + general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also + influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" + infrastructure.</t> + </abstract> + + <note title="Requirements Language"> + <t>The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in <xref + target="RFC2119">RFC 2119</xref>.</t> + + <t/> + </note> + </front> + + <middle> + <section title="Introduction"> + <t>Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally + conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical + implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks + of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our + industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has + the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and + therefore has garnered much attention.</t> + + <t>This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV + (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, + "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release <xref + target="BrahRel"/>. This project intends to build on the current and + completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by + referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often + referenced RFC is <xref target="RFC2544"/> (which depends on <xref + target="RFC1242"/>) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is + common and strong.</t> + + <t>See + https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases + for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: + https://www.opnfv.org/</t> + + <t>The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open + source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing + "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in + which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance + dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of + isochronous media streams is one example.</t> + + <t>Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many + new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are + currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other + projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We + acknowledge the early work in <xref + target="I-D.huang-bmwg-virtual-network-performance"/>, and useful + discussion with the authors.</t> + </section> + + <section title="Scope"> + <t>The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry + of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature + and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking + virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these + extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware + switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). + Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and + commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's + chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch + is an important aspect of that infrastructure).</t> + </section> + + <section title="Benchmarking Considerations"> + <t>This section highlights some specific considerations (from <xref + target="I-D.ietf-bmwg-virtual-net"/>)related to Benchmarks for virtual + switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, + as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) + document.</t> + + <section title="Comparison with Physical Network Functions"> + <t>To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations + with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. + BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo + re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them + during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the + number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance + with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was + reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level.</t> + + <t>It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application + running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory + footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of + internetworking functions.</t> + </section> + + <section title="Continued Emphasis on Black-Box Benchmarks"> + <t>External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. + Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will + be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations + procedures when the technology is deployed.</t> + </section> + + <section title="New Configuration Parameters"> + <t>A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying + to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When + benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that + can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the + various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists + some of the many new parameters which this project believes are + critical to report in order to achieve repeatability.</t> + + <t>Hardware details including:</t> + + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Platform details</t> + + <t>Processor details</t> + + <t>Memory information (type and size)</t> + + <t>Number of enabled cores</t> + + <t>Number of cores used for the test</t> + + <t>Number of physical NICs, as well as their details + (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged + into)</t> + + <t>NIC interrupt configuration</t> + + <t>BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified</t> + + <t>CPU microcode level</t> + + <t>Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be + the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations</t> + + <t>PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack + option...)</t> + + <t>Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor + package, OS...)</t> + </list>Software details including:</t> + + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at + the console on one system)</t> + + <t>OS version (for host and VNF)</t> + + <t>Kernel version (for host and VNF)</t> + + <t>GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF)</t> + + <t>Hypervisor details (Type and version)</t> + + <t>Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used</t> + + <t>vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised</t> + + <t>Memory allocation to the vSwitch</t> + + <t>which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels</t> + + <t>DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id + used</t> + + <t>Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere</t> + + <t>VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent + non-persistent</t> + + <t>Number of VMs</t> + + <t>Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver</t> + + <t>Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host</t> + + <t>Number vNIC interrupt configuration</t> + + <t>Thread affinitization for the applications (including the + vSwitch itself) on the host</t> + + <t>Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for + Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows.</t> + </list></t> + + <t>Test Traffic Information:<list style="symbols"> + <t>Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other</t> + + <t>Packet Sizes</t> + + <t>Deployment Scenario</t> + </list></t> + + <t/> + </section> + + <section title="Flow classification"> + <t>Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and + matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching + packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a + sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values + (5-tuple) or have arrived on the same port. Performance results can + vary based on the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The + recommended flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance + tests are: the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP + address and the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to + increase the flow timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any + performance tests that do not measure the flow setup time. Normally + the first packet of a particular stream will install the flow in the + virtual switch which adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of + the same flow are not subject to this latency if the flow is already + installed on the vSwitch.</t> + </section> + + <section title="Benchmarks using Baselines with Resource Isolation"> + <t>This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated + resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this + time.</t> + + <t><list style="numbers"> + <t>Baselines: <list style="symbols"> + <t>Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without + a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of + platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance + for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and + latency). <figure> + <preamble>Benchmark platform forwarding + capability</preamble> + + <artwork align="right"><![CDATA[ __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | Simple Forwarding App | | Host + | | | | | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | NIC | | | + +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+]]></artwork> + + <postamble/> + </figure></t> + + <t>Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct + connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 + hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to + obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its + maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered + from this test will serve as a key comparison point for + vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch + performance. <figure align="right"> + <preamble>Benchmark VNF forwarding capability</preamble> + + <artwork><![CDATA[ __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | VNF | | | + | | | | | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Passthrough/SR-IOV | | Host + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | NIC | | | + +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+]]></artwork> + + <postamble/> + </figure></t> + + <t>Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other + resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are + SUT</t> + + <t>Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some + resources unused</t> + + <t>Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources + occupied</t> + </list></t> + + <t>Next Steps<list style="symbols"> + <t>Limited sharing</t> + + <t>Production scenarios</t> + + <t>Stressful scenarios</t> + </list></t> + </list></t> + </section> + </section> + + <section title="VSWITCHPERF Specification Summary"> + <t>The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level + Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance + tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the + pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of + physical switches. These specifications include:</t> + + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t><xref target="RFC2544"/> Benchmarking Methodology for Network + Interconnect Devices</t> + + <t><xref target="RFC2889"/> Benchmarking Methodology for LAN + Switching</t> + + <t><xref target="RFC6201"/> Device Reset Characterization</t> + + <t><xref target="RFC5481"/> Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement</t> + </list></t> + + <t>Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for + the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment + developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community + have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test + system.</t> + + <t>In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined + by:</t> + + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t><xref target="RFC2285"/> Benchmarking Terminology for LAN + Switching Devices</t> + + <t><xref target="RFC5481"/> Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement</t> + </list></t> + + <t/> + + <t>Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD + include:<list style="symbols"> + <t><xref target="RFC3918"/> Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking</t> + + <t><xref target="RFC4737"/> Packet Reordering Metrics</t> + </list></t> + + <t>As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking + characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the + switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the + specification.</t> + + <t>When considering characteristics important to "telco" network + functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In + this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the + IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the <xref + target="RFC2544"/> test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a + metric derived from IPPM's <xref target="RFC2679"/>, where a set of + statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further + metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as + defined by <xref target="RFC5481"/> , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT + availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at + Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present + and characterized.</t> + + <t>Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics + below:</t> + + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in + frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load + (as defined by <xref target="RFC1242"/>) without traffic loss.</t> + + <t>Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min + and max packet and frame delay for constant loads.</t> + + <t>Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers.</t> + + <t>Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs + as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic’s configuration… it has to deal with + increases.</t> + + <t>Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through + the switch.</t> + + <t>Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the + effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: + delay of the initial packet of a flow).</t> + + <t>CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual + switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as + auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU + utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint.</t> + + <t>The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted + over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, and + at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture transient + changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent processes + or the low probability coincidence of two or more processes. The + performance must be evaluated periodically during continuous + testing, and this results in use of <xref target="RFC2889"/> Frame + Rate metrics instead of <xref target="RFC2544"/> Throughput (which + requires stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit + internal queues).</t> + </list></t> + + <t>Future/planned test specs include:<list style="symbols"> + <t>Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the + transaction rate through the switch.</t> + + <t>Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch.</t> + + <t>Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 + requirements <xref target="IFA003"/> on characterization of + acceleration technologies applied to vswitches.</t> + </list>The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a + network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to + characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment + scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include:</t> + + <t><figure> + <preamble>Physical port to virtual switch to physical + port</preamble> + + <artwork><![CDATA[ __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +--------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | v | | Host + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+]]></artwork> + </figure></t> + + <t><figure> + <preamble>Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to physical port</preamble> + + <artwork><![CDATA[ __ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | ^ : | | + | | | | | Guest + | : v | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | + +---+---------------+-----------+---------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v __ + +---+---------------+----------+---------------+---+ | + | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | ^ : | | + | | | | | Host + | : v | | + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+]]></artwork> + </figure><figure> + <preamble>Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to VNF to virtual switch to physical port</preamble> + + <artwork><![CDATA[ __ + +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | Application | | | | Application | | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | | ^ | | | + | | v | | | v | | Guests + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | + | | 0 1 | | | | 0 1 | | | + +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+__| + ^ : ^ : + | | | | + : v : v _ + +---+---------------+---------+---------------+--+ | + | | 0 1 | | 3 4 | | | + | | logical ports | | logical ports | | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | ^ | ^ | | | Host + | | |-----------------| v | | + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy ports | vSwitch | phy ports | | | + +---+--------------+----------+--------------+---+_| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+]]></artwork> + </figure><figure> + <preamble>Physical port to virtual switch to VNF</preamble> + + <artwork><![CDATA[ __ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | ^ | | + | | | | Guest + | : | | + | +---------------+ | | + | | logical port 0| | | + +---+---------------+-------------------------------+ __| + ^ + | + : __ + +---+---------------+------------------------------+ | + | | logical port 0| | | + | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | + | | | | Host + | : | | + | +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | | + +---+--------------+------------ -------------- ---+ __| + ^ + | + : + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+]]></artwork> + </figure><figure> + <preamble>VNF to virtual switch to physical port</preamble> + + <artwork><![CDATA[ __ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | : | | + | | | | Guest + | v | | + | +---------------+ | | + | | logical port | | | + +-------------------------------+---------------+---+ __| + : + | + v __ + +------------------------------+---------------+---+ | + | | logical port | | | + | +---------------+ | | + | : | | + | | | | Host + | v | | + | +--------------+ | | + | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +-------------------------------+--------------+---+ __| + : + | + v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+]]></artwork> + </figure><figure> + <preamble>VNF to virtual switch to VNF</preamble> + + <artwork><![CDATA[ __ + +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | Application | | | | Application | | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | | | ^ | | + | v | | | | | Guests + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | + | | 0 | | | | 0 | | | + +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+__| + : ^ + | | + v : _ + +---+---------------+---------+---------------+--+ | + | | 1 | | 1 | | | + | | logical ports | | logical ports | | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | | ^ | | Host + | L-----------------+ | | + | | | + | vSwitch | | + +------------------------------------------------+_|]]></artwork> + </figure></t> + + <t>A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test + Methodology Wiki page <xref target="TestTopo"/>.</t> + </section> + + <section title="3x3 Matrix Coverage"> + <t>This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the + "3x3" matrix (introduced in <xref target="I-D.ietf-bmwg-virtual-net"/>). + Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is + organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are + occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics + when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current + version of the LTD specification is available <xref target="LTD"/>.</t> + + <t>The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data + plane, rather than the control plane.</t> + + <t>A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the + VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page <xref target="LTDoverV"/>.</t> + + <section title="Speed of Activation"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate</t> + + <t>PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Accuracy of Activation section"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Reliability of Activation"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Scale of Activation"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Speed of Operation"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate</t> + + <t>CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Accuracy of Operation"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2544.Profile</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Reliability of Operation"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Throughput.RFC2889.Soak</t> + + <t>Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification</t> + + <t>PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Scalability of Operation"> + <t><list style="symbols"> + <t>Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss</t> + + <t>MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability</t> + </list></t> + </section> + + <section title="Summary"> + <t><figure> + <artwork><![CDATA[|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| | SPEED | ACCURACY | RELIABILITY | SCALE | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| Activation | X | X | X | X | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| Operation | X | X | X | X | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------| +| | | | | | +| De-activation | | | | | +| | | | | | +|------------------------------------------------------------------------|]]></artwork> + </figure></t> + </section> + </section> + + <section title="Security Considerations"> + <t>Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to + technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test + (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with + dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections + above.</t> + + <t>The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup + and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic + into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management + network.</t> + + <t>Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying + solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT.</t> + + <t>Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for + benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising + from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production + networks.</t> + </section> + + <section anchor="IANA" title="IANA Considerations"> + <t>No IANA Action is requested at this time.</t> + </section> + + <section title="Acknowledgements"> + <t>The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, + Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, + Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews.</t> + </section> + </middle> + + <back> + <references title="Normative References"> + <?rfc ?> + + <?rfc include="reference.RFC.2119"?> + + <?rfc ?> + + <?rfc include="reference.RFC.2330"?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.2544'?> + + <?rfc include="reference.RFC.2679"?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.2680'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.3393'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.3432'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.2681'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.5905'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.4689'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.4737'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.5357'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.2889'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.3918'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.6201'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.2285'?> + + <reference anchor="NFV.PER001"> + <front> + <title>Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability + Best Practices</title> + + <author fullname="ETSI NFV" initials="" surname=""> + <organization/> + </author> + + <date month="June" year="2014"/> + </front> + + <seriesInfo name="Group Specification" + value="ETSI GS NFV-PER 001 V1.1.1 (2014-06)"/> + + <format type="PDF"/> + </reference> + </references> + + <references title="Informative References"> + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.1242'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.5481'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.6049'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.6248'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.RFC.6390'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.I-D.ietf-bmwg-virtual-net'?> + + <?rfc include='reference.I-D.huang-bmwg-virtual-network-performance'?> + + <reference anchor="TestTopo"> + <front> + <title>Test Topologies + https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology</title> + + <author> + <organization/> + </author> + + <date/> + </front> + </reference> + + <reference anchor="LTDoverV"> + <front> + <title>LTD Test Spec Overview + https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review</title> + + <author> + <organization/> + </author> + + <date/> + </front> + </reference> + + <reference anchor="LTD"> + <front> + <title>LTD Test Specification + http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/index.html</title> + + <author> + <organization/> + </author> + + <date/> + </front> + </reference> + + <reference anchor="BrahRel"> + <front> + <title>Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release + https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra</title> + + <author> + <organization/> + </author> + + <date/> + </front> + </reference> + + <reference anchor="IFA003"> + <front> + <title>https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/</title> + + <author> + <organization/> + </author> + + <date/> + </front> + </reference> + </references> + </back> +</rfc> |