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-<!--
- Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
- contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with
- this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
- The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
- (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
- the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
-
- http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-
- Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
- distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
- WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
- See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
- limitations under the License.
--->
-<html>
-<head>
- <title>Tutorial: Writing Tasks</title>
- <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="stylesheets/style.css" />
-</head>
-<body>
-<h1>Tutorial: Writing Tasks</h1>
-
-<p>This document provides a step by step tutorial for writing
-tasks.</p>
-<h2>Content</h2>
-<ul>
-<li><a href="#buildenvironment">Set up the build environment</a></li>
-<li><a href="#write1">Write the Task</a></li>
-<li><a href="#use1">Use the Task</a></li>
-<li><a href="#TaskAdapter">Integration with TaskAdapter</a></li>
-<li><a href="#derivingFromTask">Deriving from Apache Ant's Task</a></li>
-<li><a href="#accessTaskProject">Accessing the Task's Project</a></li>
-<li><a href="#attributes">Attributes</a></li>
-<li><a href="#NestedText">Nested Text</a></li>
-<li><a href="#NestedElements">Nested Elements</a></li>
-<li><a href="#complex">Our task in a little more complex version</a></li>
-<li><a href="#TestingTasks">Test the Task</a></li>
-<li><a href="#Debugging">Debugging</a></li>
-<li><a href="#resources">Resources</a></li>
-</ul>
-
-<a name="buildenvironment"></a>
-<h2>Set up the build environment</h2>
-<p>Apache Ant builds itself, we are using Ant too (why we would write
-a task if not? :-) therefore we should use Ant for our build.</p>
-<p>We choose a directory as root directory. All things will be done
-here if I say nothing different. I will reference this directory
-as <i>root-directory</i> of our project. In this root-directory we
-create a text file names <i>build.xml</i>. What should Ant do for us?</p>
-<ul>
-<li>compiles my stuff</li>
-<li>make the jar, so that I can deploy it</li>
-<li>clean up everything</li>
-</ul>
-So the buildfile contains three targets.
-<pre class="code">
-&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?&gt;
-&lt;project name="MyTask" basedir="." default="jar"&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="clean" description="Delete all generated files"&gt;
- &lt;delete dir="classes"/&gt;
- &lt;delete file="MyTasks.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="compile" description="Compiles the Task"&gt;
- &lt;javac srcdir="src" destdir="classes"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="jar" description="JARs the Task"&gt;
- &lt;jar destfile="MyTask.jar" basedir="classes"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
-&lt;/project&gt;
-</pre>
-
-This buildfile uses often the same value (src, classes, MyTask.jar), so we should rewrite that
-using <code>&lt;property&gt;</code>s. On second there are some handicaps: <code>&lt;javac&gt;</code> requires that the destination
-directory exists; a call of "clean" with a non existing classes directory will fail; "jar" requires
-the execution of some steps before. So the refactored code is:
-
-<pre class="code">
-&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?&gt;
-&lt;project name="MyTask" basedir="." default="jar"&gt;
-
- <b>&lt;property name="src.dir" value="src"/&gt;</b>
- <b>&lt;property name="classes.dir" value="classes"/&gt;</b>
-
- &lt;target name="clean" description="Delete all generated files"&gt;
- &lt;delete dir="<b>${classes.dir}</b>" <b>failonerror="false"</b>/&gt;
- &lt;delete file="<b>${ant.project.name}.jar</b>"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="compile" description="Compiles the Task"&gt;
- <b>&lt;mkdir dir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;</b>
- &lt;javac srcdir="<b>${src.dir}</b>" destdir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="jar" description="JARs the Task" <b>depends="compile"</b>&gt;
- &lt;jar destfile="${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
-&lt;/project&gt;
-</pre>
-<i>ant.project.name</i> is one of the
-<a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/properties.html#built-in-props" target="_blank">
-build-in properties [1]</a> of Ant.
-
-
-<a name="write1"></a>
-<h2>Write the Task</h2>
-
-Now we write the simplest Task - a HelloWorld-Task (what else?). Create a text file
-<i>HelloWorld.java</i> in the src-directory with:
-<pre class="code">
-public class HelloWorld {
- public void execute() {
- System.out.println("Hello World");
- }
-}
-</pre>
-and we can compile and jar it with <tt>ant</tt> (default target is "jar" and via
-its <i>depends</i>-clause the "compile" is executed before).
-
-
-
-<a name="use1"></a>
-<h2>Use the Task</h2>
-<p>But after creating the jar we want to use our new Task. Therefore we need a
-new target "use". Before we can use our new task we have to declare it with
-<a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/Tasks/taskdef.html" target="_blank">
-<code>&lt;taskdef&gt;</code> [2]</a>. And for easier process we change the default clause:</p>
-<pre class="code">
-&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?&gt;
-&lt;project name="MyTask" basedir="." default="<b>use</b>"&gt;
-
- ...
-
- <b>&lt;target name="use" description="Use the Task" depends="jar"&gt;
- &lt;taskdef name="helloworld" classname="HelloWorld" classpath="${ant.project.name}.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;helloworld/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;</b>
-
-&lt;/project&gt;
-</pre>
-
-<p>Important is the <i>classpath</i>-attribute. Ant searches in its /lib directory for
-tasks and our task isn't there. So we have to provide the right location. </p>
-
-<p>Now we can type in <tt>ant</tt> and all should work ...</p>
-<pre class="output">
-Buildfile: build.xml
-
-compile:
- [mkdir] Created dir: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\classes
- [javac] Compiling 1 source file to C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\classes
-
-jar:
- [jar] Building jar: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\MyTask.jar
-
-use:
-[helloworld] Hello World
-
-BUILD SUCCESSFUL
-Total time: 3 seconds
-</pre>
-
-
-
-<a name="TaskAdapter"></a>
-<h2>Integration with TaskAdapter</h2>
-<p>Our class has nothing to do with Ant. It extends no superclass and implements
-no interface. How does Ant know to integrate? Via name convention: our class provides
-a method with signature <tt>public void execute()</tt>. This class is wrapped by Ant's
-<tt>org.apache.tools.ant.TaskAdapter</tt> which is a task and uses reflection for
-setting a reference to the project and calling the <i>execute()</i> method.</p>
-
-<p><i>Setting a reference to the project</i>? Could be interesting. The Project class
-gives us some nice abilities: access to Ant's logging facilities getting and setting
-properties and much more. So we try to use that class:</p>
-<pre class="code">
-import org.apache.tools.ant.Project;
-
-public class HelloWorld {
-
- private Project project;
-
- public void setProject(Project proj) {
- project = proj;
- }
-
- public void execute() {
- String message = project.getProperty("ant.project.name");
- project.log("Here is project '" + message + "'.", Project.MSG_INFO);
- }
-}
-</pre>
-and the execution with <tt>ant</tt> will show us the expected
-<pre class="output">
-use:
-Here is project 'MyTask'.
-</pre>
-
-
-<a name="derivingFromTask"></a>
-<h2>Deriving from Ant's Task</h2>
-<p>Ok, that works ... But usually you will extend <tt>org.apache.tools.ant.Task</tt>.
-That class is integrated in Ant, get's the project-reference, provides documentation
-fields, provides easier access to the logging facility and (very useful) gives you
-the exact location where <i>in the buildfile</i> this task instance is used.</p>
-
-<p>Oki-doki - let's us use some of these:</p>
-<pre class="code">
-import org.apache.tools.ant.Task;
-
-public class HelloWorld extends Task {
- public void execute() {
- // use of the reference to Project-instance
- String message = getProject().getProperty("ant.project.name");
-
- // Task's log method
- log("Here is project '" + message + "'.");
-
- // where this task is used?
- log("I am used in: " + getLocation() );
- }
-}
-</pre>
-<p>which gives us when running</p>
-<pre class="output">
-use:
-[helloworld] Here is project 'MyTask'.
-[helloworld] I am used in: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\build.xml:23:
-</pre>
-
-<a name="accessTaskProject"></a>
-<h2>Accessing the Task's Project</h2>
-<p>The parent project of your custom task may be accessed through method <code>getProject()</code>. However, do not call this from the custom task constructor, as the return value will be null. Later, when node attributes or text are set, or method <code>execute()</code> is called, the Project object is available.</p>
-<p>Here are two useful methods from class Project:</p>
-<ul>
- <li><code>String getProperty(String propertyName)</code></li>
- <li>
- <code>String replaceProperties(String value)</code>
- </li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>The method <code>replaceProperties()</code> is discussed further in section <a href="#NestedText">Nested Text</a>.</p>
-
-<a name="attributes"></a>
-<h2>Attributes</h2>
-<p>Now we want to specify the text of our message (it seems that we are
-rewriting the <code>&lt;echo/&gt;</code> task :-). First we well do that with an attribute.
-It is very easy - for each attribute provide a <tt>public void set<code>&lt;attributename&gt;</code>(<code>&lt;type&gt;</code>
-newValue)</tt> method and Ant will do the rest via reflection.</p>
-<pre class="code">
-import org.apache.tools.ant.Task;
-import org.apache.tools.ant.BuildException;
-
-public class HelloWorld extends Task {
-
- String message;
- public void setMessage(String msg) {
- message = msg;
- }
-
- public void execute() {
- if (message==null) {
- throw new BuildException("No message set.");
- }
- log(message);
- }
-
-}
-</pre>
-<p>Oh, what's that in execute()? Throw a <i>BuildException</i>? Yes, that's the usual
-way to show Ant that something important is missed and complete build should fail. The
-string provided there is written as build-failes-message. Here it's necessary because
-the log() method can't handle a <i>null</i> value as parameter and throws a NullPointerException.
-(Of course you can initialize the <i>message</i> with a default string.)</p>
-
-<p>After that we have to modify our buildfile:</p>
-<pre class="code">
- &lt;target name="use" description="Use the Task" depends="jar"&gt;
- &lt;taskdef name="helloworld"
- classname="HelloWorld"
- classpath="${ant.project.name}.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;helloworld <b>message="Hello World"</b>/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-</pre>
-<p>That's all.</p>
-
-<p>Some background for working with attributes: Ant supports any of these datatypes as
-arguments of the set-method:</p><ul>
-<li>elementary data type like <i>int</i>, <i>long</i>, ...</li>
-<li>its wrapper classes like <i>java.lang.Integer</i>, <i>java.lang.Long</i>, ...</li>
-<li><i>java.lang.String</i></li>
-<li>some more classes (e.g. <i>java.io.File</i>; see
- <a href="develop.html#set-magic">Manual
- 'Writing Your Own Task' [3]</a>)</li>
-<li>Any Java Object parsed from Ant 1.8's <a href="Tasks/propertyhelper.html">Property
-Helper</a></li>
-</ul>
-Before calling the set-method all properties are resolved. So a <tt>&lt;helloworld message="${msg}"/&gt;</tt>
-would not set the message string to "${msg}" if there is a property "msg" with a set value.
-
-
-<a name="NestedText"></a>
-<h2>Nested Text</h2>
-<p>Maybe you have used the <code>&lt;echo&gt;</code> task in a way like <tt>&lt;echo&gt;Hello World&lt;/echo&gt;</tt>.
-For that you have to provide a <tt>public void addText(String text)</tt> method.</p>
-<pre class="code">
-...
-public class HelloWorld extends Task {
- private String message;
- ...
- public void addText(String text) {
- message = text;
- }
- ...
-}
-</pre>
-<p>But here properties are <b>not</b> resolved! For resolving properties we have to use
-Project's <tt>replaceProperties(String propname) : String</tt> method which takes the
-property name as argument and returns its value (or ${propname} if not set).</p>
-<p>Thus, to replace properties in the nested node text, our method <code>addText()</code> can be written as:</p>
-<pre class="code">
- public void addText(String text) {
- message = getProject().replaceProperties(text);
- }
-</pre>
-
-
-<a name="NestedElements"></a>
-<h2>Nested Elements</h2>
-<p>There are several ways for inserting the ability of handling nested elements. See
-the <a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/develop.html#nested-elements">Manual [4]</a> for other.
-We use the first way of the three described ways. There are several steps for that:</p><ol>
-<li>We create a class for collecting all the info the nested element should contain.
- This class is created by the same rules for attributes and nested elements
- as for the task (<code>set&lt;attributename&gt;</code>() methods). </li>
-<li>The task holds multiple instances of this class in a list.</li>
-<li>A factory method instantiates an object, saves the reference in the list
- and returns it to Ant Core.</li>
-<li>The execute() method iterates over the list and evaluates its values.</li>
-</ol>
-<pre class="code">
-import java.util.Vector;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-...
- public void execute() {
- if (message!=null) log(message);
- for (Iterator it=messages.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) { <b>// 4</b>
- Message msg = (Message)it.next();
- log(msg.getMsg());
- }
- }
-
-
- Vector messages = new Vector(); <b>// 2</b>
-
- public Message createMessage() { <b>// 3</b>
- Message msg = new Message();
- messages.add(msg);
- return msg;
- }
-
- public class Message { <b>// 1</b>
- public Message() {}
-
- String msg;
- public void setMsg(String msg) { this.msg = msg; }
- public String getMsg() { return msg; }
- }
-...
-</pre>
-<p>Then we can use the new nested element. But where is xml-name for that defined?
-The mapping XML-name : classname is defined in the factory method:
-<tt>public <i>classname</i> create<i>XML-name</i>()</tt>. Therefore we write in
-the buildfile</p>
-<pre class="code">
- &lt;helloworld&gt;
- &lt;message msg="Nested Element 1"/&gt;
- &lt;message msg="Nested Element 2"/&gt;
- &lt;/helloworld&gt;
-</pre>
-<p>Note that if you choose to use methods 2 or 3, the class that represents the nested
-element must be declared as <code>static</code></p>
-
-<a name="complex"></a>
-<h2>Our task in a little more complex version</h2>
-<p>For recapitulation now a little refactored buildfile:</p>
-<pre class="code">
-&lt;?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?&gt;
-&lt;project name="MyTask" basedir="." default="use"&gt;
-
- &lt;property name="src.dir" value="src"/&gt;
- &lt;property name="classes.dir" value="classes"/&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="clean" description="Delete all generated files"&gt;
- &lt;delete dir="${classes.dir}" failonerror="false"/&gt;
- &lt;delete file="${ant.project.name}.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="compile" description="Compiles the Task"&gt;
- &lt;mkdir dir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="jar" description="JARs the Task" depends="compile"&gt;
- &lt;jar destfile="${ant.project.name}.jar" basedir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
-
- &lt;target name="use.init"
- description="Taskdef the HelloWorld-Task"
- depends="jar"&gt;
- &lt;taskdef name="helloworld"
- classname="HelloWorld"
- classpath="${ant.project.name}.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
-
- &lt;target name="use.without"
- description="Use without any"
- depends="use.init"&gt;
- &lt;helloworld/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="use.message"
- description="Use with attribute 'message'"
- depends="use.init"&gt;
- &lt;helloworld message="attribute-text"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="use.fail"
- description="Use with attribute 'fail'"
- depends="use.init"&gt;
- &lt;helloworld fail="true"/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="use.nestedText"
- description="Use with nested text"
- depends="use.init"&gt;
- &lt;helloworld&gt;nested-text&lt;/helloworld&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="use.nestedElement"
- description="Use with nested 'message'"
- depends="use.init"&gt;
- &lt;helloworld&gt;
- &lt;message msg="Nested Element 1"/&gt;
- &lt;message msg="Nested Element 2"/&gt;
- &lt;/helloworld&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
-
- &lt;target name="use"
- description="Try all (w/out use.fail)"
- depends="use.without,use.message,use.nestedText,use.nestedElement"
- /&gt;
-
-&lt;/project&gt;
-</pre>
-
-And the code of the task:
-<pre class="code">
-import org.apache.tools.ant.Task;
-import org.apache.tools.ant.BuildException;
-import java.util.Vector;
-import java.util.Iterator;
-
-/**
- * The task of the tutorial.
- * Print a message or let the build fail.
- * @since 2003-08-19
- */
-public class HelloWorld extends Task {
-
-
- /** The message to print. As attribute. */
- String message;
- public void setMessage(String msg) {
- message = msg;
- }
-
- /** Should the build fail? Defaults to <i>false</i>. As attribute. */
- boolean fail = false;
- public void setFail(boolean b) {
- fail = b;
- }
-
- /** Support for nested text. */
- public void addText(String text) {
- message = text;
- }
-
-
- /** Do the work. */
- public void execute() {
- // handle attribute 'fail'
- if (fail) throw new BuildException("Fail requested.");
-
- // handle attribute 'message' and nested text
- if (message!=null) log(message);
-
- // handle nested elements
- for (Iterator it=messages.iterator(); it.hasNext(); ) {
- Message msg = (Message)it.next();
- log(msg.getMsg());
- }
- }
-
-
- /** Store nested 'message's. */
- Vector messages = new Vector();
-
- /** Factory method for creating nested 'message's. */
- public Message createMessage() {
- Message msg = new Message();
- messages.add(msg);
- return msg;
- }
-
- /** A nested 'message'. */
- public class Message {
- // Bean constructor
- public Message() {}
-
- /** Message to print. */
- String msg;
- public void setMsg(String msg) { this.msg = msg; }
- public String getMsg() { return msg; }
- }
-
-}
-</pre>
-
-And it works:
-<pre class="output">
-C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask&gt;ant
-Buildfile: build.xml
-
-compile:
- [mkdir] Created dir: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\classes
- [javac] Compiling 1 source file to C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\classes
-
-jar:
- [jar] Building jar: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\MyTask.jar
-
-use.init:
-
-use.without:
-
-use.message:
-[helloworld] attribute-text
-
-use.nestedText:
-[helloworld] nested-text
-
-use.nestedElement:
-[helloworld]
-[helloworld]
-[helloworld]
-[helloworld]
-[helloworld] Nested Element 1
-[helloworld] Nested Element 2
-
-use:
-
-BUILD SUCCESSFUL
-Total time: 3 seconds
-C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask&gt;ant use.fail
-Buildfile: build.xml
-
-compile:
-
-jar:
-
-use.init:
-
-use.fail:
-
-BUILD FAILED
-C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\build.xml:36: Fail requested.
-
-Total time: 1 second
-C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask&gt;
-</pre>
-Next step: test ...
-
-
-
-<a name="TestingTasks"></a>
-<h2>Test the Task</h2>
-<p>We have written a test already: the use.* tasks in the buildfile. But its
-difficult to test that automatically. Common (and in Ant) used is JUnit for
-that. For testing tasks Ant provides a JUnit Rule <tt>org.apache.tools.ant.BuildFileRule</tt>.
-This class provides some for testing tasks useful methods:
-initialize Ant, load a buildfile, execute targets, capturing debug and run logs ...</p>
-
-<p>In Ant it is usual that the testcase has the same name as the task with a prepending
-<i>Test</i>, therefore we will create a file <i>HelloWorldTest.java</i>. Because we
-have a very small project we can put this file into <i>src</i> directory (Ant's own
-testclasses are in /src/testcases/...). Because we have already written our tests
-for "hand-test" we can use that for automatic tests, too. But there is one little
-problem we have to solve: all test supporting classes are not part of the binary
-distribution of Ant. So you can build the special jar file from source distro with
-target "test-jar" or you can download a nightly build from
-<a href="http://gump.covalent.net/jars/latest/ant/ant-testutil.jar">
-http://gump.covalent.net/jars/latest/ant/ant-testutil.jar [5]</a>.</p>
-
-<p>For executing the test and creating a report we need the optional tasks <code>&lt;junit&gt;</code>
-and <code>&lt;junitreport&gt;</code>. So we add to the buildfile:</p>
-<pre class="code">
-...
-<font color="#9F9F9F">&lt;project name="MyTask" basedir="." </font>default="test"<font color="#9F9F9F">&gt;</font>
-...
- &lt;property name="ant.test.lib" value="ant-testutil.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;property name="report.dir" value="report"/&gt;
- &lt;property name="junit.out.dir.xml" value="${report.dir}/junit/xml"/&gt;
- &lt;property name="junit.out.dir.html" value="${report.dir}/junit/html"/&gt;
-
- &lt;path id="classpath.run"&gt;
- &lt;path path="${java.class.path}"/&gt;
- &lt;path location="${ant.project.name}.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;/path&gt;
-
- &lt;path id="classpath.test"&gt;
- &lt;path refid="classpath.run"/&gt;
- &lt;path location="${ant.test.lib}"/&gt;
- &lt;/path&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="clean" description="Delete all generated files"&gt;
- &lt;delete failonerror="false" includeEmptyDirs="true"&gt;
- &lt;fileset dir="." includes="${ant.project.name}.jar"/&gt;
- &lt;fileset dir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;fileset dir="${report.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;/delete&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- <font color="#9F9F9F">&lt;target name="compile" description="Compiles the Task"&gt;
- &lt;mkdir dir="${classes.dir}"/&gt;
- &lt;javac srcdir="${src.dir}" destdir="${classes.dir}" </font>classpath="${ant.test.lib}"<font color="#9F9F9F">/&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;</font>
-...
- &lt;target name="junit" description="Runs the unit tests" depends="jar"&gt;
- &lt;delete dir="${junit.out.dir.xml}"/&gt;
- &lt;mkdir dir="${junit.out.dir.xml}"/&gt;
- &lt;junit printsummary="yes" haltonfailure="no"&gt;
- &lt;classpath refid="classpath.test"/&gt;
- &lt;formatter type="xml"/&gt;
- &lt;batchtest fork="yes" todir="${junit.out.dir.xml}"&gt;
- &lt;fileset dir="${src.dir}" includes="**/*Test.java"/&gt;
- &lt;/batchtest&gt;
- &lt;/junit&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="junitreport" description="Create a report for the rest result"&gt;
- &lt;mkdir dir="${junit.out.dir.html}"/&gt;
- &lt;junitreport todir="${junit.out.dir.html}"&gt;
- &lt;fileset dir="${junit.out.dir.xml}"&gt;
- &lt;include name="*.xml"/&gt;
- &lt;/fileset&gt;
- &lt;report format="frames" todir="${junit.out.dir.html}"/&gt;
- &lt;/junitreport&gt;
- &lt;/target&gt;
-
- &lt;target name="test"
- depends="junit,junitreport"
- description="Runs unit tests and creates a report"
- /&gt;
-...
-</pre>
-
-<p>Back to the <i>src/HelloWorldTest.java</i>. We create a class with a public
-<i>BuildFileRule</i> field annotated with JUnit's <i>@Rule</i> annotation. As per
-conventional JUnit4 tests, this class should have no constructors, or a default no-args
-constructor, setup methods should be annotated with <i>@Before</i>, tear down methods
-annotated with <i>@After</i> and any test method annotated with <i>@Test</i>.
-<pre class="code">
-import org.apache.tools.ant.BuildFileRule;
-import org.junit.Assert;
-import org.junit.Test;
-import org.junit.Before;
-import org.junit.Rule;
-import org.apache.tools.ant.AntAssert;
-import org.apache.tools.ant.BuildException;
-
-public class HelloWorldTest {
-
- @Rule
- public final BuildFileRule buildRule = new BuildFileRule();
-
- @Before
- public void setUp() {
- // initialize Ant
- buildRule.configureProject("build.xml");
- }
-
- @Test
- public void testWithout() {
- buildRule.executeTarget("use.without");
- assertEquals("Message was logged but should not.", buildRule.getLog(), "");
- }
-
- public void testMessage() {
- // execute target 'use.nestedText' and expect a message
- // 'attribute-text' in the log
- buildRule.executeTarget("use.message");
- Assert.assertEquals("attribute-text", buildRule.getLog());
- }
-
- @Test
- public void testFail() {
- // execute target 'use.fail' and expect a BuildException
- // with text 'Fail requested.'
- try {
- buildRule.executeTarget("use.fail");
- fail("BuildException should have been thrown as task was set to fail");
- } catch (BuildException ex) {
- Assert.assertEquals("fail requested", ex.getMessage());
- }
-
- }
-
- @Test
- public void testNestedText() {
- buildRule.executeTarget("use.nestedText");
- Assert.assertEquals("nested-text", buildRule.getLog());
- }
-
- @Test
- public void testNestedElement() {
- buildRule.executeTarget("use.nestedElement");
- AntAssert.assertContains("Nested Element 1", buildRule.getLog());
- AntAssert.assertContains("Nested Element 2", buildRule.getLog());
- }
-}
-</pre>
-
-<p>When starting <tt>ant</tt> we'll get a short message to STDOUT and
-a nice HTML-report.</p>
-<pre class="output">
-C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask&gt;ant
-Buildfile: build.xml
-
-compile:
- [mkdir] Created dir: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\classes
- [javac] Compiling 2 source files to C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\classes
-
-jar:
- [jar] Building jar: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\MyTask.jar
-
-junit:
- [mkdir] Created dir: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\report\junit\xml
- [junit] Running HelloWorldTest
- [junit] Tests run: 5, Failures: 0, Errors: 0, Time elapsed: 2,334 sec
-
-
-
-junitreport:
- [mkdir] Created dir: C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask\report\junit\html
-[junitreport] Using Xalan version: Xalan Java 2.4.1
-[junitreport] Transform time: 661ms
-
-test:
-
-BUILD SUCCESSFUL
-Total time: 7 seconds
-C:\tmp\anttests\MyFirstTask&gt;
-</pre>
-
-
-<a name="Debugging"></a>
-<h2>Debugging</h2>
-
-<p>Try running Ant with the flag <code>-verbose</code>. For more information, try flag <code>-debug</code>.</p>
-<p>For deeper issues, you may need to run the custom task code in a Java debugger. First, get the source for Ant and build it with debugging information.</p>
-<p>Since Ant is a large project, it can be a little tricky to set the right breakpoints. Here are two important breakpoints for version 1.8:</p>
-<ul>
- <li>Initial <code>main()</code> function: <code>com.apache.tools.ant.launch.Launcher.main()</code></li>
- <li>Task entry point: <code>com.apache.tools.ant.UnknownElement.execute()</code></li>
-</ul>
-
-<p>If you need to debug when a task attribute or the text is set, begin by debugging into method <code>execute()</code> of your custom task. Then set breakpoints in other methods. This will ensure the class byte-code has been loaded by the Java VM.</p>
-
-
-
-<a name="resources"></a>
-<h2>Resources</h2>
-<p>This tutorial and its resources are available via
-<a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22570">BugZilla [6]</a>.
-The ZIP provided there contains</p><ul>
-<li>this initial version of this tutorial</li>
-<li>the buildfile (last version)</li>
-<li>the source of the task (last version)</li>
-<li>the source of the unit test (last version)</li>
-<li>the ant-testutil.jar (nightly build of 2003-08-18)</li>
-<li>generated classes</li>
-<li>generated jar</li>
-<li>generated reports</li>
-</ul>
-<p>The last sources and the buildfile are also available
-<a href="tutorial-writing-tasks-src.zip">here [7]</a> inside the manual.
-</p>
-
-<p>Used Links:<br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;[1] <a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/properties.html#built-in-props">http://ant.apache.org/manual/properties.html#built-in-props</a><br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;[2] <a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/Tasks/taskdef.html">http://ant.apache.org/manual/Tasks/taskdef.html</a><br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;[3] <a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/develop.html#set-magic">http://ant.apache.org/manual/develop.html#set-magic</a><br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;[4] <a href="http://ant.apache.org/manual/develop.html#nested-elements">http://ant.apache.org/manual/develop.html#nested-elements</a><br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;[5] <a href="http://gump.covalent.net/jars/latest/ant/ant-testutil.jar">http://gump.covalent.net/jars/latest/ant/ant-testutil.jar</a><br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;[6] <a href="http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22570">http://issues.apache.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=22570</a><br />
-&nbsp;&nbsp;[7] <a href="tutorial-writing-tasks-src.zip">tutorial-writing-tasks-src.zip</a><br />
-</p>
-
-</body>
-</html>