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-rw-r--r--kernel/tools/perf/tests/hists_output.c621
1 files changed, 621 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/kernel/tools/perf/tests/hists_output.c b/kernel/tools/perf/tests/hists_output.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b52c9faea
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/tools/perf/tests/hists_output.c
@@ -0,0 +1,621 @@
+#include "perf.h"
+#include "util/debug.h"
+#include "util/symbol.h"
+#include "util/sort.h"
+#include "util/evsel.h"
+#include "util/evlist.h"
+#include "util/machine.h"
+#include "util/thread.h"
+#include "util/parse-events.h"
+#include "tests/tests.h"
+#include "tests/hists_common.h"
+
+struct sample {
+ u32 cpu;
+ u32 pid;
+ u64 ip;
+ struct thread *thread;
+ struct map *map;
+ struct symbol *sym;
+};
+
+/* For the numbers, see hists_common.c */
+static struct sample fake_samples[] = {
+ /* perf [kernel] schedule() */
+ { .cpu = 0, .pid = FAKE_PID_PERF1, .ip = FAKE_IP_KERNEL_SCHEDULE, },
+ /* perf [perf] main() */
+ { .cpu = 1, .pid = FAKE_PID_PERF1, .ip = FAKE_IP_PERF_MAIN, },
+ /* perf [perf] cmd_record() */
+ { .cpu = 1, .pid = FAKE_PID_PERF1, .ip = FAKE_IP_PERF_CMD_RECORD, },
+ /* perf [libc] malloc() */
+ { .cpu = 1, .pid = FAKE_PID_PERF1, .ip = FAKE_IP_LIBC_MALLOC, },
+ /* perf [libc] free() */
+ { .cpu = 2, .pid = FAKE_PID_PERF1, .ip = FAKE_IP_LIBC_FREE, },
+ /* perf [perf] main() */
+ { .cpu = 2, .pid = FAKE_PID_PERF2, .ip = FAKE_IP_PERF_MAIN, },
+ /* perf [kernel] page_fault() */
+ { .cpu = 2, .pid = FAKE_PID_PERF2, .ip = FAKE_IP_KERNEL_PAGE_FAULT, },
+ /* bash [bash] main() */
+ { .cpu = 3, .pid = FAKE_PID_BASH, .ip = FAKE_IP_BASH_MAIN, },
+ /* bash [bash] xmalloc() */
+ { .cpu = 0, .pid = FAKE_PID_BASH, .ip = FAKE_IP_BASH_XMALLOC, },
+ /* bash [kernel] page_fault() */
+ { .cpu = 1, .pid = FAKE_PID_BASH, .ip = FAKE_IP_KERNEL_PAGE_FAULT, },
+};
+
+static int add_hist_entries(struct hists *hists, struct machine *machine)
+{
+ struct addr_location al;
+ struct perf_evsel *evsel = hists_to_evsel(hists);
+ struct perf_sample sample = { .period = 100, };
+ size_t i;
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(fake_samples); i++) {
+ const union perf_event event = {
+ .header = {
+ .misc = PERF_RECORD_MISC_USER,
+ },
+ };
+ struct hist_entry_iter iter = {
+ .ops = &hist_iter_normal,
+ .hide_unresolved = false,
+ };
+
+ sample.cpu = fake_samples[i].cpu;
+ sample.pid = fake_samples[i].pid;
+ sample.tid = fake_samples[i].pid;
+ sample.ip = fake_samples[i].ip;
+
+ if (perf_event__preprocess_sample(&event, machine, &al,
+ &sample) < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (hist_entry_iter__add(&iter, &al, evsel, &sample,
+ PERF_MAX_STACK_DEPTH, NULL) < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ fake_samples[i].thread = al.thread;
+ fake_samples[i].map = al.map;
+ fake_samples[i].sym = al.sym;
+ }
+
+ return TEST_OK;
+
+out:
+ pr_debug("Not enough memory for adding a hist entry\n");
+ return TEST_FAIL;
+}
+
+static void del_hist_entries(struct hists *hists)
+{
+ struct hist_entry *he;
+ struct rb_root *root_in;
+ struct rb_root *root_out;
+ struct rb_node *node;
+
+ if (sort__need_collapse)
+ root_in = &hists->entries_collapsed;
+ else
+ root_in = hists->entries_in;
+
+ root_out = &hists->entries;
+
+ while (!RB_EMPTY_ROOT(root_out)) {
+ node = rb_first(root_out);
+
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ rb_erase(node, root_out);
+ rb_erase(&he->rb_node_in, root_in);
+ hist_entry__delete(he);
+ }
+}
+
+typedef int (*test_fn_t)(struct perf_evsel *, struct machine *);
+
+#define COMM(he) (thread__comm_str(he->thread))
+#define DSO(he) (he->ms.map->dso->short_name)
+#define SYM(he) (he->ms.sym->name)
+#define CPU(he) (he->cpu)
+#define PID(he) (he->thread->tid)
+
+/* default sort keys (no field) */
+static int test1(struct perf_evsel *evsel, struct machine *machine)
+{
+ int err;
+ struct hists *hists = evsel__hists(evsel);
+ struct hist_entry *he;
+ struct rb_root *root;
+ struct rb_node *node;
+
+ field_order = NULL;
+ sort_order = NULL; /* equivalent to sort_order = "comm,dso,sym" */
+
+ setup_sorting();
+
+ /*
+ * expected output:
+ *
+ * Overhead Command Shared Object Symbol
+ * ======== ======= ============= ==============
+ * 20.00% perf perf [.] main
+ * 10.00% bash [kernel] [k] page_fault
+ * 10.00% bash bash [.] main
+ * 10.00% bash bash [.] xmalloc
+ * 10.00% perf [kernel] [k] page_fault
+ * 10.00% perf [kernel] [k] schedule
+ * 10.00% perf libc [.] free
+ * 10.00% perf libc [.] malloc
+ * 10.00% perf perf [.] cmd_record
+ */
+ err = add_hist_entries(hists, machine);
+ if (err < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ hists__collapse_resort(hists, NULL);
+ hists__output_resort(hists, NULL);
+
+ if (verbose > 2) {
+ pr_info("[fields = %s, sort = %s]\n", field_order, sort_order);
+ print_hists_out(hists);
+ }
+
+ root = &hists->entries;
+ node = rb_first(root);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "main") && he->stat.period == 200);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "page_fault") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "bash") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "main") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "bash") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "xmalloc") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "page_fault") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "schedule") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "libc") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "free") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "libc") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "malloc") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "cmd_record") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+out:
+ del_hist_entries(hists);
+ reset_output_field();
+ return err;
+}
+
+/* mixed fields and sort keys */
+static int test2(struct perf_evsel *evsel, struct machine *machine)
+{
+ int err;
+ struct hists *hists = evsel__hists(evsel);
+ struct hist_entry *he;
+ struct rb_root *root;
+ struct rb_node *node;
+
+ field_order = "overhead,cpu";
+ sort_order = "pid";
+
+ setup_sorting();
+
+ /*
+ * expected output:
+ *
+ * Overhead CPU Command: Pid
+ * ======== === =============
+ * 30.00% 1 perf : 100
+ * 10.00% 0 perf : 100
+ * 10.00% 2 perf : 100
+ * 20.00% 2 perf : 200
+ * 10.00% 0 bash : 300
+ * 10.00% 1 bash : 300
+ * 10.00% 3 bash : 300
+ */
+ err = add_hist_entries(hists, machine);
+ if (err < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ hists__collapse_resort(hists, NULL);
+ hists__output_resort(hists, NULL);
+
+ if (verbose > 2) {
+ pr_info("[fields = %s, sort = %s]\n", field_order, sort_order);
+ print_hists_out(hists);
+ }
+
+ root = &hists->entries;
+ node = rb_first(root);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 1 && PID(he) == 100 && he->stat.period == 300);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 0 && PID(he) == 100 && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+out:
+ del_hist_entries(hists);
+ reset_output_field();
+ return err;
+}
+
+/* fields only (no sort key) */
+static int test3(struct perf_evsel *evsel, struct machine *machine)
+{
+ int err;
+ struct hists *hists = evsel__hists(evsel);
+ struct hist_entry *he;
+ struct rb_root *root;
+ struct rb_node *node;
+
+ field_order = "comm,overhead,dso";
+ sort_order = NULL;
+
+ setup_sorting();
+
+ /*
+ * expected output:
+ *
+ * Command Overhead Shared Object
+ * ======= ======== =============
+ * bash 20.00% bash
+ * bash 10.00% [kernel]
+ * perf 30.00% perf
+ * perf 20.00% [kernel]
+ * perf 20.00% libc
+ */
+ err = add_hist_entries(hists, machine);
+ if (err < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ hists__collapse_resort(hists, NULL);
+ hists__output_resort(hists, NULL);
+
+ if (verbose > 2) {
+ pr_info("[fields = %s, sort = %s]\n", field_order, sort_order);
+ print_hists_out(hists);
+ }
+
+ root = &hists->entries;
+ node = rb_first(root);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "bash") &&
+ he->stat.period == 200);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") &&
+ he->stat.period == 300);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ he->stat.period == 200);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "libc") &&
+ he->stat.period == 200);
+
+out:
+ del_hist_entries(hists);
+ reset_output_field();
+ return err;
+}
+
+/* handle duplicate 'dso' field */
+static int test4(struct perf_evsel *evsel, struct machine *machine)
+{
+ int err;
+ struct hists *hists = evsel__hists(evsel);
+ struct hist_entry *he;
+ struct rb_root *root;
+ struct rb_node *node;
+
+ field_order = "dso,sym,comm,overhead,dso";
+ sort_order = "sym";
+
+ setup_sorting();
+
+ /*
+ * expected output:
+ *
+ * Shared Object Symbol Command Overhead
+ * ============= ============== ======= ========
+ * perf [.] cmd_record perf 10.00%
+ * libc [.] free perf 10.00%
+ * bash [.] main bash 10.00%
+ * perf [.] main perf 20.00%
+ * libc [.] malloc perf 10.00%
+ * [kernel] [k] page_fault bash 10.00%
+ * [kernel] [k] page_fault perf 10.00%
+ * [kernel] [k] schedule perf 10.00%
+ * bash [.] xmalloc bash 10.00%
+ */
+ err = add_hist_entries(hists, machine);
+ if (err < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ hists__collapse_resort(hists, NULL);
+ hists__output_resort(hists, NULL);
+
+ if (verbose > 2) {
+ pr_info("[fields = %s, sort = %s]\n", field_order, sort_order);
+ print_hists_out(hists);
+ }
+
+ root = &hists->entries;
+ node = rb_first(root);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "cmd_record") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "libc") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "free") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "bash") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "main") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "main") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && he->stat.period == 200);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "libc") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "malloc") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "page_fault") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "page_fault") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "schedule") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ !strcmp(DSO(he), "bash") && !strcmp(SYM(he), "xmalloc") &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+out:
+ del_hist_entries(hists);
+ reset_output_field();
+ return err;
+}
+
+/* full sort keys w/o overhead field */
+static int test5(struct perf_evsel *evsel, struct machine *machine)
+{
+ int err;
+ struct hists *hists = evsel__hists(evsel);
+ struct hist_entry *he;
+ struct rb_root *root;
+ struct rb_node *node;
+
+ field_order = "cpu,pid,comm,dso,sym";
+ sort_order = "dso,pid";
+
+ setup_sorting();
+
+ /*
+ * expected output:
+ *
+ * CPU Command: Pid Command Shared Object Symbol
+ * === ============= ======= ============= ==============
+ * 0 perf: 100 perf [kernel] [k] schedule
+ * 2 perf: 200 perf [kernel] [k] page_fault
+ * 1 bash: 300 bash [kernel] [k] page_fault
+ * 0 bash: 300 bash bash [.] xmalloc
+ * 3 bash: 300 bash bash [.] main
+ * 1 perf: 100 perf libc [.] malloc
+ * 2 perf: 100 perf libc [.] free
+ * 1 perf: 100 perf perf [.] cmd_record
+ * 1 perf: 100 perf perf [.] main
+ * 2 perf: 200 perf perf [.] main
+ */
+ err = add_hist_entries(hists, machine);
+ if (err < 0)
+ goto out;
+
+ hists__collapse_resort(hists, NULL);
+ hists__output_resort(hists, NULL);
+
+ if (verbose > 2) {
+ pr_info("[fields = %s, sort = %s]\n", field_order, sort_order);
+ print_hists_out(hists);
+ }
+
+ root = &hists->entries;
+ node = rb_first(root);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 0 && PID(he) == 100 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "schedule") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 2 && PID(he) == 200 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "page_fault") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 1 && PID(he) == 300 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "[kernel]") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "page_fault") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 0 && PID(he) == 300 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "bash") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "xmalloc") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 3 && PID(he) == 300 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "bash") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "bash") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "main") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 1 && PID(he) == 100 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "libc") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "malloc") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 2 && PID(he) == 100 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "libc") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "free") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 1 && PID(he) == 100 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "cmd_record") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 1 && PID(he) == 100 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "main") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+ node = rb_next(node);
+ he = rb_entry(node, struct hist_entry, rb_node);
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("Invalid hist entry",
+ CPU(he) == 2 && PID(he) == 200 &&
+ !strcmp(COMM(he), "perf") && !strcmp(DSO(he), "perf") &&
+ !strcmp(SYM(he), "main") && he->stat.period == 100);
+
+out:
+ del_hist_entries(hists);
+ reset_output_field();
+ return err;
+}
+
+int test__hists_output(void)
+{
+ int err = TEST_FAIL;
+ struct machines machines;
+ struct machine *machine;
+ struct perf_evsel *evsel;
+ struct perf_evlist *evlist = perf_evlist__new();
+ size_t i;
+ test_fn_t testcases[] = {
+ test1,
+ test2,
+ test3,
+ test4,
+ test5,
+ };
+
+ TEST_ASSERT_VAL("No memory", evlist);
+
+ err = parse_events(evlist, "cpu-clock");
+ if (err)
+ goto out;
+
+ machines__init(&machines);
+
+ /* setup threads/dso/map/symbols also */
+ machine = setup_fake_machine(&machines);
+ if (!machine)
+ goto out;
+
+ if (verbose > 1)
+ machine__fprintf(machine, stderr);
+
+ evsel = perf_evlist__first(evlist);
+
+ for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(testcases); i++) {
+ err = testcases[i](evsel, machine);
+ if (err < 0)
+ break;
+ }
+
+out:
+ /* tear down everything */
+ perf_evlist__delete(evlist);
+ machines__exit(&machines);
+
+ return err;
+}