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Diffstat (limited to 'kernel/Documentation/networking/stmmac.txt')
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diff --git a/kernel/Documentation/networking/stmmac.txt b/kernel/Documentation/networking/stmmac.txt new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e655e2453 --- /dev/null +++ b/kernel/Documentation/networking/stmmac.txt @@ -0,0 +1,369 @@ + STMicroelectronics 10/100/1000 Synopsys Ethernet driver + +Copyright (C) 2007-2014 STMicroelectronics Ltd +Author: Giuseppe Cavallaro <peppe.cavallaro@st.com> + +This is the driver for the MAC 10/100/1000 on-chip Ethernet controllers +(Synopsys IP blocks). + +Currently this network device driver is for all STi embedded MAC/GMAC +(i.e. 7xxx/5xxx SoCs), SPEAr (arm), Loongson1B (mips) and XLINX XC2V3000 +FF1152AMT0221 D1215994A VIRTEX FPGA board. + +DWC Ether MAC 10/100/1000 Universal version 3.70a (and older) and DWC Ether +MAC 10/100 Universal version 4.0 have been used for developing this driver. + +This driver supports both the platform bus and PCI. + +Please, for more information also visit: www.stlinux.com + +1) Kernel Configuration +The kernel configuration option is STMMAC_ETH: + Device Drivers ---> Network device support ---> Ethernet (1000 Mbit) ---> + STMicroelectronics 10/100/1000 Ethernet driver (STMMAC_ETH) + +CONFIG_STMMAC_PLATFORM: is to enable the platform driver. +CONFIG_STMMAC_PCI: is to enable the pci driver. + +2) Driver parameters list: + debug: message level (0: no output, 16: all); + phyaddr: to manually provide the physical address to the PHY device; + dma_rxsize: DMA rx ring size; + dma_txsize: DMA tx ring size; + buf_sz: DMA buffer size; + tc: control the HW FIFO threshold; + watchdog: transmit timeout (in milliseconds); + flow_ctrl: Flow control ability [on/off]; + pause: Flow Control Pause Time; + eee_timer: tx EEE timer; + chain_mode: select chain mode instead of ring. + +3) Command line options +Driver parameters can be also passed in command line by using: + stmmaceth=dma_rxsize:128,dma_txsize:512 + +4) Driver information and notes + +4.1) Transmit process +The xmit method is invoked when the kernel needs to transmit a packet; it sets +the descriptors in the ring and informs the DMA engine that there is a packet +ready to be transmitted. +By default, the driver sets the NETIF_F_SG bit in the features field of the +net_device structure enabling the scatter-gather feature. This is true on +chips and configurations where the checksum can be done in hardware. +Once the controller has finished transmitting the packet, napi will be +scheduled to release the transmit resources. + +4.2) Receive process +When one or more packets are received, an interrupt happens. The interrupts +are not queued so the driver has to scan all the descriptors in the ring during +the receive process. +This is based on NAPI so the interrupt handler signals only if there is work +to be done, and it exits. +Then the poll method will be scheduled at some future point. +The incoming packets are stored, by the DMA, in a list of pre-allocated socket +buffers in order to avoid the memcpy (zero-copy). + +4.3) Interrupt Mitigation +The driver is able to mitigate the number of its DMA interrupts +using NAPI for the reception on chips older than the 3.50. +New chips have an HW RX-Watchdog used for this mitigation. +Mitigation parameters can be tuned by ethtool. + +4.4) WOL +Wake up on Lan feature through Magic and Unicast frames are supported for the +GMAC core. + +4.5) DMA descriptors +Driver handles both normal and alternate descriptors. The latter has been only +tested on DWC Ether MAC 10/100/1000 Universal version 3.41a and later. + +STMMAC supports DMA descriptor to operate both in dual buffer (RING) +and linked-list(CHAINED) mode. In RING each descriptor points to two +data buffer pointers whereas in CHAINED mode they point to only one data +buffer pointer. RING mode is the default. + +In CHAINED mode each descriptor will have pointer to next descriptor in +the list, hence creating the explicit chaining in the descriptor itself, +whereas such explicit chaining is not possible in RING mode. + +4.5.1) Extended descriptors + The extended descriptors give us information about the Ethernet payload + when it is carrying PTP packets or TCP/UDP/ICMP over IP. + These are not available on GMAC Synopsys chips older than the 3.50. + At probe time the driver will decide if these can be actually used. + This support also is mandatory for PTPv2 because the extra descriptors + are used for saving the hardware timestamps and Extended Status. + +4.6) Ethtool support +Ethtool is supported. + +For example, driver statistics (including RMON), internal errors can be taken +using: + # ethtool -S ethX command + +4.7) Jumbo and Segmentation Offloading +Jumbo frames are supported and tested for the GMAC. +The GSO has been also added but it's performed in software. +LRO is not supported. + +4.8) Physical +The driver is compatible with Physical Abstraction Layer to be connected with +PHY and GPHY devices. + +4.9) Platform information +Several information can be passed through the platform and device-tree. + +struct plat_stmmacenet_data { + char *phy_bus_name; + int bus_id; + int phy_addr; + int interface; + struct stmmac_mdio_bus_data *mdio_bus_data; + struct stmmac_dma_cfg *dma_cfg; + int clk_csr; + int has_gmac; + int enh_desc; + int tx_coe; + int rx_coe; + int bugged_jumbo; + int pmt; + int force_sf_dma_mode; + int force_thresh_dma_mode; + int riwt_off; + int max_speed; + int maxmtu; + void (*fix_mac_speed)(void *priv, unsigned int speed); + void (*bus_setup)(void __iomem *ioaddr); + void *(*setup)(struct platform_device *pdev); + void (*free)(struct platform_device *pdev, void *priv); + int (*init)(struct platform_device *pdev, void *priv); + void (*exit)(struct platform_device *pdev, void *priv); + void *custom_cfg; + void *custom_data; + void *bsp_priv; +}; + +Where: + o phy_bus_name: phy bus name to attach to the stmmac. + o bus_id: bus identifier. + o phy_addr: the physical address can be passed from the platform. + If it is set to -1 the driver will automatically + detect it at run-time by probing all the 32 addresses. + o interface: PHY device's interface. + o mdio_bus_data: specific platform fields for the MDIO bus. + o dma_cfg: internal DMA parameters + o pbl: the Programmable Burst Length is maximum number of beats to + be transferred in one DMA transaction. + GMAC also enables the 4xPBL by default. + o fixed_burst/mixed_burst/burst_len + o clk_csr: fixed CSR Clock range selection. + o has_gmac: uses the GMAC core. + o enh_desc: if sets the MAC will use the enhanced descriptor structure. + o tx_coe: core is able to perform the tx csum in HW. + o rx_coe: the supports three check sum offloading engine types: + type_1, type_2 (full csum) and no RX coe. + o bugged_jumbo: some HWs are not able to perform the csum in HW for + over-sized frames due to limited buffer sizes. + Setting this flag the csum will be done in SW on + JUMBO frames. + o pmt: core has the embedded power module (optional). + o force_sf_dma_mode: force DMA to use the Store and Forward mode + instead of the Threshold. + o force_thresh_dma_mode: force DMA to use the Threshold mode other than + the Store and Forward mode. + o riwt_off: force to disable the RX watchdog feature and switch to NAPI mode. + o fix_mac_speed: this callback is used for modifying some syscfg registers + (on ST SoCs) according to the link speed negotiated by the + physical layer . + o bus_setup: perform HW setup of the bus. For example, on some ST platforms + this field is used to configure the AMBA bridge to generate more + efficient STBus traffic. + o setup/init/exit: callbacks used for calling a custom initialization; + this is sometime necessary on some platforms (e.g. ST boxes) + where the HW needs to have set some PIO lines or system cfg + registers. setup should return a pointer to private data, + which will be stored in bsp_priv, and then passed to init and + exit callbacks. init/exit callbacks should not use or modify + platform data. + o custom_cfg/custom_data: this is a custom configuration that can be passed + while initializing the resources. + o bsp_priv: another private pointer. + +For MDIO bus The we have: + + struct stmmac_mdio_bus_data { + int (*phy_reset)(void *priv); + unsigned int phy_mask; + int *irqs; + int probed_phy_irq; + }; + +Where: + o phy_reset: hook to reset the phy device attached to the bus. + o phy_mask: phy mask passed when register the MDIO bus within the driver. + o irqs: list of IRQs, one per PHY. + o probed_phy_irq: if irqs is NULL, use this for probed PHY. + +For DMA engine we have the following internal fields that should be +tuned according to the HW capabilities. + +struct stmmac_dma_cfg { + int pbl; + int fixed_burst; + int burst_len_supported; +}; + +Where: + o pbl: Programmable Burst Length + o fixed_burst: program the DMA to use the fixed burst mode + o burst_len: this is the value we put in the register + supported values are provided as macros in + linux/stmmac.h header file. + +--- + +Below an example how the structures above are using on ST platforms. + + static struct plat_stmmacenet_data stxYYY_ethernet_platform_data = { + .has_gmac = 0, + .enh_desc = 0, + .fix_mac_speed = stxYYY_ethernet_fix_mac_speed, + | + |-> to write an internal syscfg + | on this platform when the + | link speed changes from 10 to + | 100 and viceversa + .init = &stmmac_claim_resource, + | + |-> On ST SoC this calls own "PAD" + | manager framework to claim + | all the resources necessary + | (GPIO ...). The .custom_cfg field + | is used to pass a custom config. +}; + +Below the usage of the stmmac_mdio_bus_data: on this SoC, in fact, +there are two MAC cores: one MAC is for MDIO Bus/PHY emulation +with fixed_link support. + +static struct stmmac_mdio_bus_data stmmac1_mdio_bus = { + .phy_reset = phy_reset; + | + |-> function to provide the phy_reset on this board + .phy_mask = 0, +}; + +static struct fixed_phy_status stmmac0_fixed_phy_status = { + .link = 1, + .speed = 100, + .duplex = 1, +}; + +During the board's device_init we can configure the first +MAC for fixed_link by calling: + fixed_phy_add(PHY_POLL, 1, &stmmac0_fixed_phy_status));) +and the second one, with a real PHY device attached to the bus, +by using the stmmac_mdio_bus_data structure (to provide the id, the +reset procedure etc). + +Note that, starting from new chips, where it is available the HW capability +register, many configurations are discovered at run-time for example to +understand if EEE, HW csum, PTP, enhanced descriptor etc are actually +available. As strategy adopted in this driver, the information from the HW +capability register can replace what has been passed from the platform. + +4.10) Device-tree support. + +Please see the following document: + Documentation/devicetree/bindings/net/stmmac.txt + +and the stmmac_of_data structure inside the include/linux/stmmac.h header file. + +4.11) This is a summary of the content of some relevant files: + o stmmac_main.c: to implement the main network device driver; + o stmmac_mdio.c: to provide mdio functions; + o stmmac_pci: this the PCI driver; + o stmmac_platform.c: this the platform driver (OF supported) + o stmmac_ethtool.c: to implement the ethtool support; + o stmmac.h: private driver structure; + o common.h: common definitions and VFTs; + o descs.h: descriptor structure definitions; + o dwmac1000_core.c: dwmac GiGa core functions; + o dwmac1000_dma.c: dma functions for the GMAC chip; + o dwmac1000.h: specific header file for the dwmac GiGa; + o dwmac100_core: dwmac 100 core code; + o dwmac100_dma.c: dma functions for the dwmac 100 chip; + o dwmac1000.h: specific header file for the MAC; + o dwmac_lib.c: generic DMA functions; + o enh_desc.c: functions for handling enhanced descriptors; + o norm_desc.c: functions for handling normal descriptors; + o chain_mode.c/ring_mode.c:: functions to manage RING/CHAINED modes; + o mmc_core.c/mmc.h: Management MAC Counters; + o stmmac_hwtstamp.c: HW timestamp support for PTP; + o stmmac_ptp.c: PTP 1588 clock; + o dwmac-<XXX>.c: these are for the platform glue-logic file; e.g. dwmac-sti.c + for STMicroelectronics SoCs. + +5) Debug Information + +The driver exports many information i.e. internal statistics, +debug information, MAC and DMA registers etc. + +These can be read in several ways depending on the +type of the information actually needed. + +For example a user can be use the ethtool support +to get statistics: e.g. using: ethtool -S ethX +(that shows the Management counters (MMC) if supported) +or sees the MAC/DMA registers: e.g. using: ethtool -d ethX + +Compiling the Kernel with CONFIG_DEBUG_FS the driver will export the following +debugfs entries: + +/sys/kernel/debug/stmmaceth/descriptors_status + To show the DMA TX/RX descriptor rings + +Developer can also use the "debug" module parameter to get further debug +information (please see: NETIF Msg Level). + +6) Energy Efficient Ethernet + +Energy Efficient Ethernet(EEE) enables IEEE 802.3 MAC sublayer along +with a family of Physical layer to operate in the Low power Idle(LPI) +mode. The EEE mode supports the IEEE 802.3 MAC operation at 100Mbps, +1000Mbps & 10Gbps. + +The LPI mode allows power saving by switching off parts of the +communication device functionality when there is no data to be +transmitted & received. The system on both the side of the link can +disable some functionalities & save power during the period of low-link +utilization. The MAC controls whether the system should enter or exit +the LPI mode & communicate this to PHY. + +As soon as the interface is opened, the driver verifies if the EEE can +be supported. This is done by looking at both the DMA HW capability +register and the PHY devices MCD registers. +To enter in Tx LPI mode the driver needs to have a software timer +that enable and disable the LPI mode when there is nothing to be +transmitted. + +7) Precision Time Protocol (PTP) +The driver supports the IEEE 1588-2002, Precision Time Protocol (PTP), +which enables precise synchronization of clocks in measurement and +control systems implemented with technologies such as network +communication. + +In addition to the basic timestamp features mentioned in IEEE 1588-2002 +Timestamps, new GMAC cores support the advanced timestamp features. +IEEE 1588-2008 that can be enabled when configure the Kernel. + +8) SGMII/RGMII supports +New GMAC devices provide own way to manage RGMII/SGMII. +This information is available at run-time by looking at the +HW capability register. This means that the stmmac can manage +auto-negotiation and link status w/o using the PHYLIB stuff +In fact, the HW provides a subset of extended registers to +restart the ANE, verify Full/Half duplex mode and Speed. +Also thanks to these registers it is possible to look at the +Auto-negotiated Link Parter Ability. |