Add qemu 2.4.0

Change-Id: Ic99cbad4b61f8b127b7dc74d04576c0bcbaaf4f5
Signed-off-by: Yang Zhang <yang.z.zhang@intel.com>

1 files changed, 1274 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/qemu/libcacard/vcard_emul_nss.c b/qemu/libcacard/vcard_emul_nss.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..d9761eedc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/qemu/libcacard/vcard_emul_nss.c
@@ -0,0 +1,1274 @@
+/*
+ * This is the actual card emulator.
+ *
+ * These functions can be implemented in different ways on different platforms
+ * using the underlying system primitives. For Linux it uses NSS, though direct
+ * to PKCS #11, openssl+pkcs11, or even gnu crypto libraries+pkcs #11 could be
+ * used. On Windows CAPI could be used.
+ *
+ * This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU LGPL, version 2.1 or later.
+ * See the COPYING.LIB file in the top-level directory.
+ */
+
+/*
+ * NSS headers
+ */
+
+/* avoid including prototypes.h that redefines uint32 */
+#define NO_NSPR_10_SUPPORT
+
+#include <nss.h>
+#include <pk11pub.h>
+#include <cert.h>
+#include <key.h>
+#include <secmod.h>
+#include <prthread.h>
+#include <secerr.h>
+
+#include "glib-compat.h"
+
+#include "vcard.h"
+#include "card_7816t.h"
+#include "vcard_emul.h"
+#include "vreader.h"
+#include "vevent.h"
+
+#include "vcardt_internal.h"
+
+
+typedef enum {
+    VCardEmulUnknown = -1,
+    VCardEmulFalse = 0,
+    VCardEmulTrue = 1
+} VCardEmulTriState;
+
+struct VCardKeyStruct {
+    CERTCertificate *cert;
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+    SECKEYPrivateKey *key;
+    VCardEmulTriState failedX509;
+};
+
+
+typedef struct VirtualReaderOptionsStruct VirtualReaderOptions;
+
+struct VReaderEmulStruct {
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+    VCardEmulType default_type;
+    char *type_params;
+    PRBool present;
+    int     series;
+    VCard *saved_vcard;
+};
+
+/*
+ *  NSS Specific options
+ */
+struct VirtualReaderOptionsStruct {
+    char *name;
+    char *vname;
+    VCardEmulType card_type;
+    char *type_params;
+    char **cert_name;
+    int cert_count;
+};
+
+struct VCardEmulOptionsStruct {
+    void *nss_db;
+    VirtualReaderOptions *vreader;
+    int vreader_count;
+    VCardEmulType hw_card_type;
+    const char *hw_type_params;
+    PRBool use_hw;
+};
+
+static int nss_emul_init;
+
+/* if we have more that just the slot, define
+ * VCardEmulStruct here */
+
+/*
+ * allocate the set of arrays for certs, cert_len, key
+ */
+static void
+vcard_emul_alloc_arrays(unsigned char ***certsp, int **cert_lenp,
+                        VCardKey ***keysp, int cert_count)
+{
+    *certsp = g_new(unsigned char *, cert_count);
+    *cert_lenp = g_new(int, cert_count);
+    *keysp = g_new(VCardKey *, cert_count);
+}
+
+/*
+ * Emulator specific card information
+ */
+typedef struct CardEmulCardStruct CardEmulPrivate;
+
+static VCardEmul *
+vcard_emul_new_card(PK11SlotInfo *slot)
+{
+    PK11_ReferenceSlot(slot);
+    /* currently we don't need anything other than the slot */
+    return (VCardEmul *)slot;
+}
+
+static void
+vcard_emul_delete_card(VCardEmul *vcard_emul)
+{
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot = (PK11SlotInfo *)vcard_emul;
+    if (slot == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+    PK11_FreeSlot(slot);
+}
+
+static PK11SlotInfo *
+vcard_emul_card_get_slot(VCard *card)
+{
+    /* note, the card is holding the reference, no need to get another one */
+    return (PK11SlotInfo *)vcard_get_private(card);
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * key functions
+ */
+/* private constructure */
+static VCardKey *
+vcard_emul_make_key(PK11SlotInfo *slot, CERTCertificate *cert)
+{
+    VCardKey *key;
+
+    key = g_new(VCardKey, 1);
+    key->slot = PK11_ReferenceSlot(slot);
+    key->cert = CERT_DupCertificate(cert);
+    /* NOTE: if we aren't logged into the token, this could return NULL */
+    /* NOTE: the cert is a temp cert, not necessarily the cert in the token,
+     * use the DER version of this function */
+    key->key = PK11_FindKeyByDERCert(slot, cert, NULL);
+    key->failedX509 = VCardEmulUnknown;
+    return key;
+}
+
+/* destructor */
+void
+vcard_emul_delete_key(VCardKey *key)
+{
+    if (!nss_emul_init || (key == NULL)) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (key->key) {
+        SECKEY_DestroyPrivateKey(key->key);
+        key->key = NULL;
+    }
+    if (key->cert) {
+        CERT_DestroyCertificate(key->cert);
+    }
+    if (key->slot) {
+        PK11_FreeSlot(key->slot);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * grab the nss key from a VCardKey. If it doesn't exist, try to look it up
+ */
+static SECKEYPrivateKey *
+vcard_emul_get_nss_key(VCardKey *key)
+{
+    if (key->key) {
+        return key->key;
+    }
+    /* NOTE: if we aren't logged into the token, this could return NULL */
+    key->key = PK11_FindPrivateKeyFromCert(key->slot, key->cert, NULL);
+    return key->key;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Map NSS errors to 7816 errors
+ */
+static vcard_7816_status_t
+vcard_emul_map_error(int error)
+{
+    switch (error) {
+    case SEC_ERROR_TOKEN_NOT_LOGGED_IN:
+        return VCARD7816_STATUS_ERROR_CONDITION_NOT_SATISFIED;
+    case SEC_ERROR_BAD_DATA:
+    case SEC_ERROR_OUTPUT_LEN:
+    case SEC_ERROR_INPUT_LEN:
+    case SEC_ERROR_INVALID_ARGS:
+    case SEC_ERROR_INVALID_ALGORITHM:
+    case SEC_ERROR_NO_KEY:
+    case SEC_ERROR_INVALID_KEY:
+    case SEC_ERROR_DECRYPTION_DISALLOWED:
+        return VCARD7816_STATUS_ERROR_DATA_INVALID;
+    case SEC_ERROR_NO_MEMORY:
+        return VCARD7816_STATUS_EXC_ERROR_MEMORY_FAILURE;
+    }
+    return VCARD7816_STATUS_EXC_ERROR_CHANGE;
+}
+
+/* RSA sign/decrypt with the key, signature happens 'in place' */
+vcard_7816_status_t
+vcard_emul_rsa_op(VCard *card, VCardKey *key,
+                  unsigned char *buffer, int buffer_size)
+{
+    SECKEYPrivateKey *priv_key;
+    unsigned signature_len;
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+    SECStatus rv;
+    unsigned char buf[2048];
+    unsigned char *bp = NULL;
+    int pad_len;
+    vcard_7816_status_t ret = VCARD7816_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+
+    if ((!nss_emul_init) || (key == NULL)) {
+        /* couldn't get the key, indicate that we aren't logged in */
+        return VCARD7816_STATUS_ERROR_CONDITION_NOT_SATISFIED;
+    }
+    priv_key = vcard_emul_get_nss_key(key);
+    if (priv_key == NULL) {
+        /* couldn't get the key, indicate that we aren't logged in */
+        return VCARD7816_STATUS_ERROR_CONDITION_NOT_SATISFIED;
+    }
+    slot = vcard_emul_card_get_slot(card);
+
+    /*
+     * this is only true of the rsa signature
+     */
+    signature_len = PK11_SignatureLen(priv_key);
+    if (buffer_size != signature_len) {
+        return  VCARD7816_STATUS_ERROR_DATA_INVALID;
+    }
+    /* be able to handle larger keys if necessariy */
+    bp = &buf[0];
+    if (sizeof(buf) < signature_len) {
+        bp = g_malloc(signature_len);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * do the raw operations. Some tokens claim to do CKM_RSA_X_509, but then
+     * choke when they try to do the actual operations. Try to detect
+     * those cases and treat them as if the token didn't claim support for
+     * X_509.
+     */
+    if (key->failedX509 != VCardEmulTrue
+                              && PK11_DoesMechanism(slot, CKM_RSA_X_509)) {
+        rv = PK11_PrivDecryptRaw(priv_key, bp, &signature_len, signature_len,
+                                 buffer, buffer_size);
+        if (rv == SECSuccess) {
+            assert(buffer_size == signature_len);
+            memcpy(buffer, bp, signature_len);
+            key->failedX509 = VCardEmulFalse;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        /*
+         * we've had a successful X509 operation, this failure must be
+         * somethine else
+         */
+        if (key->failedX509 == VCardEmulFalse) {
+            ret = vcard_emul_map_error(PORT_GetError());
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+        /*
+         * key->failedX509 must be Unknown at this point, try the
+         * non-x_509 case
+         */
+    }
+    /* token does not support CKM_RSA_X509, emulate that with CKM_RSA_PKCS */
+    /* is this a PKCS #1 formatted signature? */
+    if ((buffer[0] == 0) && (buffer[1] == 1)) {
+        int i;
+
+        for (i = 2; i < buffer_size; i++) {
+            /* rsa signature pad */
+            if (buffer[i] != 0xff) {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        if ((i < buffer_size) && (buffer[i] == 0)) {
+            /* yes, we have a properly formatted PKCS #1 signature */
+            /*
+             * NOTE: even if we accidentally got an encrypt buffer, which
+             * through sheer luck started with 00, 01, ff, 00, it won't matter
+             * because the resulting Sign operation will effectively decrypt
+             * the real buffer.
+             */
+            SECItem signature;
+            SECItem hash;
+
+            i++;
+            hash.data = &buffer[i];
+            hash.len = buffer_size - i;
+            signature.data = bp;
+            signature.len = signature_len;
+            rv = PK11_Sign(priv_key,  &signature, &hash);
+            if (rv != SECSuccess) {
+                ret = vcard_emul_map_error(PORT_GetError());
+                goto cleanup;
+            }
+            assert(buffer_size == signature.len);
+            memcpy(buffer, bp, signature.len);
+            /*
+             * we got here because either the X509 attempt failed, or the
+             * token couldn't do the X509 operation, in either case stay
+             * with the PKCS version for future operations on this key
+             */
+            key->failedX509 = VCardEmulTrue;
+            goto cleanup;
+        }
+    }
+    pad_len = buffer_size - signature_len;
+    assert(pad_len < 4);
+    /*
+     * OK now we've decrypted the payload, package it up in PKCS #1 for the
+     * upper layer.
+     */
+    buffer[0] = 0;
+    buffer[1] = 2; /* RSA_encrypt  */
+    pad_len -= 3; /* format is 0 || 2 || pad || 0 || data */
+    /*
+     * padding for PKCS #1 encrypted data is a string of random bytes. The
+     * random butes protect against potential decryption attacks against RSA.
+     * Since PrivDecrypt has already stripped those bytes, we can't reconstruct
+     * them. This shouldn't matter to the upper level code which should just
+     * strip this code out anyway, so We'll pad with a constant 3.
+     */
+    memset(&buffer[2], 0x03, pad_len);
+    pad_len += 2; /* index to the end of the pad */
+    buffer[pad_len] = 0;
+    pad_len++; /* index to the start of the data */
+    memcpy(&buffer[pad_len], bp, signature_len);
+    /*
+     * we got here because either the X509 attempt failed, or the
+     * token couldn't do the X509 operation, in either case stay
+     * with the PKCS version for future operations on this key
+     */
+    key->failedX509 = VCardEmulTrue;
+cleanup:
+    if (bp != buf) {
+        g_free(bp);
+    }
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Login functions
+ */
+/* return the number of login attempts still possible on the card. if unknown,
+ * return -1 */
+int
+vcard_emul_get_login_count(VCard *card)
+{
+    return -1;
+}
+
+/* login into the card, return the 7816 status word (sw2 || sw1) */
+vcard_7816_status_t
+vcard_emul_login(VCard *card, unsigned char *pin, int pin_len)
+{
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+    unsigned char *pin_string;
+    int i;
+    SECStatus rv;
+
+    if (!nss_emul_init) {
+        return VCARD7816_STATUS_ERROR_CONDITION_NOT_SATISFIED;
+    }
+    slot = vcard_emul_card_get_slot(card);
+     /* We depend on the PKCS #11 module internal login state here because we
+      * create a separate process to handle each guest instance. If we needed
+      * to handle multiple guests from one process, then we would need to keep
+      * a lot of extra state in our card structure
+      * */
+    pin_string = g_malloc(pin_len+1);
+    memcpy(pin_string, pin, pin_len);
+    pin_string[pin_len] = 0;
+
+    /* handle CAC expanded pins correctly */
+    for (i = pin_len-1; i >= 0 && (pin_string[i] == 0xff); i--) {
+        pin_string[i] = 0;
+    }
+
+    rv = PK11_Authenticate(slot, PR_FALSE, pin_string);
+    memset(pin_string, 0, pin_len);  /* don't let the pin hang around in memory
+                                        to be snooped */
+    g_free(pin_string);
+    if (rv == SECSuccess) {
+        return VCARD7816_STATUS_SUCCESS;
+    }
+    /* map the error from port get error */
+    return VCARD7816_STATUS_ERROR_CONDITION_NOT_SATISFIED;
+}
+
+void
+vcard_emul_logout(VCard *card)
+{
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+
+    if (!nss_emul_init) {
+        return;
+    }
+
+    slot = vcard_emul_card_get_slot(card);
+    if (PK11_IsLoggedIn(slot, NULL)) {
+        PK11_Logout(slot); /* NOTE: ignoring SECStatus return value */
+    }
+}
+
+void
+vcard_emul_reset(VCard *card, VCardPower power)
+{
+    /*
+     * if we reset the card (either power on or power off), we lose our login
+     * state
+     */
+    vcard_emul_logout(card);
+
+    /* TODO: we may also need to send insertion/removal events? */
+}
+
+static VReader *
+vcard_emul_find_vreader_from_slot(PK11SlotInfo *slot)
+{
+    VReaderList *reader_list = vreader_get_reader_list();
+    VReaderListEntry *current_entry;
+
+    if (reader_list == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    for (current_entry = vreader_list_get_first(reader_list); current_entry;
+                        current_entry = vreader_list_get_next(current_entry)) {
+        VReader *reader = vreader_list_get_reader(current_entry);
+        VReaderEmul *reader_emul = vreader_get_private(reader);
+        if (reader_emul->slot == slot) {
+            vreader_list_delete(reader_list);
+            return reader;
+        }
+        vreader_free(reader);
+    }
+
+    vreader_list_delete(reader_list);
+    return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * create a new reader emul
+ */
+static VReaderEmul *
+vreader_emul_new(PK11SlotInfo *slot, VCardEmulType type, const char *params)
+{
+    VReaderEmul *new_reader_emul;
+
+    new_reader_emul = g_new(VReaderEmul, 1);
+
+    new_reader_emul->slot = PK11_ReferenceSlot(slot);
+    new_reader_emul->default_type = type;
+    new_reader_emul->type_params = g_strdup(params);
+    new_reader_emul->present = PR_FALSE;
+    new_reader_emul->series = 0;
+    new_reader_emul->saved_vcard = NULL;
+    return new_reader_emul;
+}
+
+static void
+vreader_emul_delete(VReaderEmul *vreader_emul)
+{
+    if (vreader_emul == NULL) {
+        return;
+    }
+    if (vreader_emul->slot) {
+        PK11_FreeSlot(vreader_emul->slot);
+    }
+    g_free(vreader_emul->type_params);
+    g_free(vreader_emul);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  TODO: move this to emulater non-specific file
+ */
+static VCardEmulType
+vcard_emul_get_type(VReader *vreader)
+{
+    VReaderEmul *vreader_emul;
+
+    vreader_emul = vreader_get_private(vreader);
+    if (vreader_emul && vreader_emul->default_type != VCARD_EMUL_NONE) {
+        return vreader_emul->default_type;
+    }
+
+    return vcard_emul_type_select(vreader);
+}
+/*
+ *  TODO: move this to emulater non-specific file
+ */
+static const char *
+vcard_emul_get_type_params(VReader *vreader)
+{
+    VReaderEmul *vreader_emul;
+
+    vreader_emul = vreader_get_private(vreader);
+    if (vreader_emul && vreader_emul->type_params) {
+        return vreader_emul->type_params;
+    }
+
+    return "";
+}
+
+/* pull the slot out of the reader private data */
+static PK11SlotInfo *
+vcard_emul_reader_get_slot(VReader *vreader)
+{
+    VReaderEmul *vreader_emul = vreader_get_private(vreader);
+    if (vreader_emul == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    return vreader_emul->slot;
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Card ATR's map to physical cards. vcard_alloc_atr will set appropriate
+ *  historical bytes for any software emulated card. The remaining bytes can be
+ *  used to indicate the actual emulator
+ */
+static unsigned char *nss_atr;
+static int nss_atr_len;
+
+void
+vcard_emul_get_atr(VCard *card, unsigned char *atr, int *atr_len)
+{
+    int len;
+    assert(atr != NULL);
+
+    if (nss_atr == NULL) {
+        nss_atr = vcard_alloc_atr("NSS", &nss_atr_len);
+    }
+    len = MIN(nss_atr_len, *atr_len);
+    memcpy(atr, nss_atr, len);
+    *atr_len = len;
+}
+
+/*
+ * create a new card from certs and keys
+ */
+static VCard *
+vcard_emul_make_card(VReader *reader,
+                     unsigned char * const *certs, int *cert_len,
+                     VCardKey *keys[], int cert_count)
+{
+    VCardEmul *vcard_emul;
+    VCard *vcard;
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+    VCardEmulType type;
+    const char *params;
+
+    type = vcard_emul_get_type(reader);
+
+    /* ignore the inserted card */
+    if (type == VCARD_EMUL_NONE) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    slot = vcard_emul_reader_get_slot(reader);
+    if (slot == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    params = vcard_emul_get_type_params(reader);
+    /* params these can be NULL */
+
+    vcard_emul = vcard_emul_new_card(slot);
+    if (vcard_emul == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    vcard = vcard_new(vcard_emul, vcard_emul_delete_card);
+    if (vcard == NULL) {
+        vcard_emul_delete_card(vcard_emul);
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    vcard_init(reader, vcard, type, params, certs, cert_len, keys, cert_count);
+    return vcard;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ * 'clone' a physical card as a virtual card
+ */
+static VCard *
+vcard_emul_mirror_card(VReader *vreader)
+{
+    /*
+     * lookup certs using the C_FindObjects. The Stan Cert handle won't give
+     * us the real certs until we log in.
+     */
+    PK11GenericObject *firstObj, *thisObj;
+    int cert_count;
+    unsigned char **certs;
+    int *cert_len;
+    VCardKey **keys;
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+    VCard *card;
+
+    slot = vcard_emul_reader_get_slot(vreader);
+    if (slot == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    firstObj = PK11_FindGenericObjects(slot, CKO_CERTIFICATE);
+    if (firstObj == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+
+    /* count the certs */
+    cert_count = 0;
+    for (thisObj = firstObj; thisObj;
+                             thisObj = PK11_GetNextGenericObject(thisObj)) {
+        cert_count++;
+    }
+
+    /* allocate the arrays */
+    vcard_emul_alloc_arrays(&certs, &cert_len, &keys, cert_count);
+
+    /* fill in the arrays */
+    cert_count = 0;
+    for (thisObj = firstObj; thisObj;
+                             thisObj = PK11_GetNextGenericObject(thisObj)) {
+        SECItem derCert;
+        CERTCertificate *cert;
+        SECStatus rv;
+
+        rv = PK11_ReadRawAttribute(PK11_TypeGeneric, thisObj,
+                                   CKA_VALUE, &derCert);
+        if (rv != SECSuccess) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* create floating temp cert. This gives us a cert structure even if
+         * the token isn't logged in */
+        cert = CERT_NewTempCertificate(CERT_GetDefaultCertDB(), &derCert,
+                                       NULL, PR_FALSE, PR_TRUE);
+        SECITEM_FreeItem(&derCert, PR_FALSE);
+        if (cert == NULL) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        certs[cert_count] = cert->derCert.data;
+        cert_len[cert_count] = cert->derCert.len;
+        keys[cert_count] = vcard_emul_make_key(slot, cert);
+        cert_count++;
+        CERT_DestroyCertificate(cert); /* key obj still has a reference */
+    }
+
+    /* now create the card */
+    card = vcard_emul_make_card(vreader, certs, cert_len, keys, cert_count);
+    g_free(certs);
+    g_free(cert_len);
+    g_free(keys);
+
+    return card;
+}
+
+static VCardEmulType default_card_type = VCARD_EMUL_NONE;
+static const char *default_type_params = "";
+
+/*
+ * This thread looks for card and reader insertions and puts events on the
+ * event queue
+ */
+static void
+vcard_emul_event_thread(void *arg)
+{
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+    VReader *vreader;
+    VReaderEmul *vreader_emul;
+    VCard *vcard;
+    SECMODModule *module = (SECMODModule *)arg;
+
+    do {
+        /*
+         * XXX - the latency value doesn't matter one bit. you only get no
+         * blocking (flags |= CKF_DONT_BLOCK) or PKCS11_WAIT_LATENCY (==500),
+         * hard coded in coolkey.  And it isn't coolkey's fault - the timeout
+         * value we pass get's dropped on the floor before C_WaitForSlotEvent
+         * is called.
+         */
+        slot = SECMOD_WaitForAnyTokenEvent(module, 0, 500);
+        if (slot == NULL) {
+            /* this could be just a no event indication */
+            if (PORT_GetError() == SEC_ERROR_NO_EVENT) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            break;
+        }
+        vreader = vcard_emul_find_vreader_from_slot(slot);
+        if (vreader == NULL) {
+            /* new vreader */
+            vreader_emul = vreader_emul_new(slot, default_card_type,
+                                            default_type_params);
+            vreader = vreader_new(PK11_GetSlotName(slot), vreader_emul,
+                                  vreader_emul_delete);
+            PK11_FreeSlot(slot);
+            slot = NULL;
+            vreader_add_reader(vreader);
+            vreader_free(vreader);
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* card remove/insert */
+        vreader_emul = vreader_get_private(vreader);
+        if (PK11_IsPresent(slot)) {
+            int series = PK11_GetSlotSeries(slot);
+            if (series != vreader_emul->series) {
+                if (vreader_emul->present) {
+                    vreader_insert_card(vreader, NULL);
+                }
+                vcard = vcard_emul_mirror_card(vreader);
+                vreader_insert_card(vreader, vcard);
+                vcard_free(vcard);
+            }
+            vreader_emul->series = series;
+            vreader_emul->present = 1;
+            vreader_free(vreader);
+            PK11_FreeSlot(slot);
+            continue;
+        }
+        if (vreader_emul->present) {
+            vreader_insert_card(vreader, NULL);
+        }
+        vreader_emul->series = 0;
+        vreader_emul->present = 0;
+        PK11_FreeSlot(slot);
+        vreader_free(vreader);
+    } while (1);
+}
+
+/* if the card is inserted when we start up, make sure our state is correct */
+static void
+vcard_emul_init_series(VReader *vreader, VCard *vcard)
+{
+    VReaderEmul *vreader_emul = vreader_get_private(vreader);
+    PK11SlotInfo *slot = vreader_emul->slot;
+
+    vreader_emul->present = PK11_IsPresent(slot);
+    vreader_emul->series = PK11_GetSlotSeries(slot);
+    if (vreader_emul->present == 0) {
+        vreader_insert_card(vreader, NULL);
+    }
+}
+
+/*
+ * each module has a separate wait call, create a thread for each module that
+ * we are using.
+ */
+static void
+vcard_emul_new_event_thread(SECMODModule *module)
+{
+    PR_CreateThread(PR_SYSTEM_THREAD, vcard_emul_event_thread,
+                     module, PR_PRIORITY_HIGH, PR_GLOBAL_THREAD,
+                     PR_UNJOINABLE_THREAD, 0);
+}
+
+static const VCardEmulOptions default_options = {
+    .nss_db = NULL,
+    .vreader = NULL,
+    .vreader_count = 0,
+    .hw_card_type = VCARD_EMUL_CAC,
+    .hw_type_params = "",
+    .use_hw = PR_TRUE
+};
+
+
+/*
+ *  NSS needs the app to supply a password prompt. In our case the only time
+ *  the password is supplied is as part of the Login APDU. The actual password
+ *  is passed in the pw_arg in that case. In all other cases pw_arg should be
+ *  NULL.
+ */
+static char *
+vcard_emul_get_password(PK11SlotInfo *slot, PRBool retries, void *pw_arg)
+{
+    /* if it didn't work the first time, don't keep trying */
+    if (retries) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    /* we are looking up a password when we don't have one in hand */
+    if (pw_arg == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+    }
+    /* TODO: we really should verify that were are using the right slot */
+    return PORT_Strdup(pw_arg);
+}
+
+/* Force a card removal even if the card is not physically removed */
+VCardEmulError
+vcard_emul_force_card_remove(VReader *vreader)
+{
+    if (!nss_emul_init || (vreader_card_is_present(vreader) != VREADER_OK)) {
+        return VCARD_EMUL_FAIL; /* card is already removed */
+    }
+
+    /* OK, remove it */
+    vreader_insert_card(vreader, NULL);
+    return VCARD_EMUL_OK;
+}
+
+/* Re-insert of a card that has been removed by force removal */
+VCardEmulError
+vcard_emul_force_card_insert(VReader *vreader)
+{
+    VReaderEmul *vreader_emul;
+    VCard *vcard;
+
+    if (!nss_emul_init || (vreader_card_is_present(vreader) == VREADER_OK)) {
+        return VCARD_EMUL_FAIL; /* card is already removed */
+    }
+    vreader_emul = vreader_get_private(vreader);
+
+    /* if it's a softcard, get the saved vcard from the reader emul structure */
+    if (vreader_emul->saved_vcard) {
+        vcard = vcard_reference(vreader_emul->saved_vcard);
+    } else {
+        /* it must be a physical card, rebuild it */
+        if (!PK11_IsPresent(vreader_emul->slot)) {
+            /* physical card has been removed, not way to reinsert it */
+            return VCARD_EMUL_FAIL;
+        }
+        vcard = vcard_emul_mirror_card(vreader);
+    }
+    vreader_insert_card(vreader, vcard);
+    vcard_free(vcard);
+
+    return VCARD_EMUL_OK;
+}
+
+
+static PRBool
+module_has_removable_hw_slots(SECMODModule *mod)
+{
+    int i;
+    PRBool ret = PR_FALSE;
+    SECMODListLock *moduleLock = SECMOD_GetDefaultModuleListLock();
+
+    if (!moduleLock) {
+        PORT_SetError(SEC_ERROR_NOT_INITIALIZED);
+        return ret;
+    }
+    SECMOD_GetReadLock(moduleLock);
+    for (i = 0; i < mod->slotCount; i++) {
+        PK11SlotInfo *slot = mod->slots[i];
+        if (PK11_IsRemovable(slot) && PK11_IsHW(slot)) {
+            ret = PR_TRUE;
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    SECMOD_ReleaseReadLock(moduleLock);
+    return ret;
+}
+
+/* Previously we returned FAIL if no readers found. This makes
+ * no sense when using hardware, since there may be no readers connected
+ * at the time vcard_emul_init is called, but they will be properly
+ * recognized later. So Instead return FAIL only if no_hw==1 and no
+ * vcards can be created (indicates error with certificates provided
+ * or db), or if any other higher level error (NSS error, missing coolkey). */
+static int vcard_emul_init_called;
+
+VCardEmulError
+vcard_emul_init(const VCardEmulOptions *options)
+{
+    SECStatus rv;
+    PRBool has_readers = PR_FALSE;
+    VReader *vreader;
+    VReaderEmul *vreader_emul;
+    SECMODListLock *module_lock;
+    SECMODModuleList *module_list;
+    SECMODModuleList *mlp;
+    int i;
+
+    if (vcard_emul_init_called) {
+        return VCARD_EMUL_INIT_ALREADY_INITED;
+    }
+    vcard_emul_init_called = 1;
+    vreader_init();
+    vevent_queue_init();
+
+    if (options == NULL) {
+        options = &default_options;
+    }
+
+    /* first initialize NSS */
+    if (options->nss_db) {
+        rv = NSS_Init(options->nss_db);
+    } else {
+        gchar *path;
+#ifndef _WIN32
+        path = g_strdup("/etc/pki/nssdb");
+#else
+        if (g_get_system_config_dirs() == NULL ||
+            g_get_system_config_dirs()[0] == NULL) {
+            return VCARD_EMUL_FAIL;
+        }
+
+        path = g_build_filename(
+            g_get_system_config_dirs()[0], "pki", "nssdb", NULL);
+#endif
+
+        rv = NSS_Init(path);
+        g_free(path);
+    }
+    if (rv != SECSuccess) {
+        return VCARD_EMUL_FAIL;
+    }
+    /* Set password callback function */
+    PK11_SetPasswordFunc(vcard_emul_get_password);
+
+    /* set up soft cards emulated by software certs rather than physical cards
+     * */
+    for (i = 0; i < options->vreader_count; i++) {
+        int j;
+        int cert_count;
+        unsigned char **certs;
+        int *cert_len;
+        VCardKey **keys;
+        PK11SlotInfo *slot;
+
+        slot = PK11_FindSlotByName(options->vreader[i].name);
+        if (slot == NULL) {
+            continue;
+        }
+        vreader_emul = vreader_emul_new(slot, options->vreader[i].card_type,
+                                        options->vreader[i].type_params);
+        vreader = vreader_new(options->vreader[i].vname, vreader_emul,
+                              vreader_emul_delete);
+        vreader_add_reader(vreader);
+
+        vcard_emul_alloc_arrays(&certs, &cert_len, &keys,
+                                options->vreader[i].cert_count);
+
+        cert_count = 0;
+        for (j = 0; j < options->vreader[i].cert_count; j++) {
+            /* we should have a better way of identifying certs than by
+             * nickname here */
+            CERTCertificate *cert = PK11_FindCertFromNickname(
+                                        options->vreader[i].cert_name[j],
+                                        NULL);
+            if (cert == NULL) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            certs[cert_count] = cert->derCert.data;
+            cert_len[cert_count] = cert->derCert.len;
+            keys[cert_count] = vcard_emul_make_key(slot, cert);
+            /* this is safe because the key is still holding a cert reference */
+            CERT_DestroyCertificate(cert);
+            cert_count++;
+        }
+        if (cert_count) {
+            VCard *vcard = vcard_emul_make_card(vreader, certs, cert_len,
+                                                keys, cert_count);
+            vreader_insert_card(vreader, vcard);
+            vcard_emul_init_series(vreader, vcard);
+            /* allow insertion and removal of soft cards */
+            vreader_emul->saved_vcard = vcard_reference(vcard);
+            vcard_free(vcard);
+            vreader_free(vreader);
+            has_readers = PR_TRUE;
+        }
+        g_free(certs);
+        g_free(cert_len);
+        g_free(keys);
+    }
+
+    /* if we aren't suppose to use hw, skip looking up hardware tokens */
+    if (!options->use_hw) {
+        nss_emul_init = has_readers;
+        return has_readers ? VCARD_EMUL_OK : VCARD_EMUL_FAIL;
+    }
+
+    /* make sure we have some PKCS #11 module loaded */
+    module_lock = SECMOD_GetDefaultModuleListLock();
+    module_list = SECMOD_GetDefaultModuleList();
+    SECMOD_GetReadLock(module_lock);
+    for (mlp = module_list; mlp; mlp = mlp->next) {
+        SECMODModule *module = mlp->module;
+        if (module_has_removable_hw_slots(module)) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    SECMOD_ReleaseReadLock(module_lock);
+
+    /* now examine all the slots, finding which should be readers */
+    /* We should control this with options. For now we mirror out any
+     * removable hardware slot */
+    default_card_type = options->hw_card_type;
+    default_type_params = g_strdup(options->hw_type_params);
+
+    SECMOD_GetReadLock(module_lock);
+    for (mlp = module_list; mlp; mlp = mlp->next) {
+        SECMODModule *module = mlp->module;
+
+        /* Ignore the internal module */
+        if (module == NULL || module == SECMOD_GetInternalModule()) {
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        for (i = 0; i < module->slotCount; i++) {
+            PK11SlotInfo *slot = module->slots[i];
+
+            /* only map removable HW slots */
+            if (slot == NULL || !PK11_IsRemovable(slot) || !PK11_IsHW(slot)) {
+                continue;
+            }
+            if (strcmp("E-Gate 0 0", PK11_GetSlotName(slot)) == 0) {
+                /*
+                 * coolkey <= 1.1.0-20 emulates this reader if it can't find
+                 * any hardware readers. This causes problems, warn user of
+                 * problems.
+                 */
+                fprintf(stderr, "known bad coolkey version - see "
+                        "https://bugzilla.redhat.com/show_bug.cgi?id=802435\n");
+                continue;
+            }
+            vreader_emul = vreader_emul_new(slot, options->hw_card_type,
+                                            options->hw_type_params);
+            vreader = vreader_new(PK11_GetSlotName(slot), vreader_emul,
+                                  vreader_emul_delete);
+            vreader_add_reader(vreader);
+
+            if (PK11_IsPresent(slot)) {
+                VCard *vcard;
+                vcard = vcard_emul_mirror_card(vreader);
+                vreader_insert_card(vreader, vcard);
+                vcard_emul_init_series(vreader, vcard);
+                vcard_free(vcard);
+            }
+        }
+        vcard_emul_new_event_thread(module);
+    }
+    SECMOD_ReleaseReadLock(module_lock);
+    nss_emul_init = PR_TRUE;
+
+    return VCARD_EMUL_OK;
+}
+
+/* Recreate card insert events for all readers (user should
+ * deduce implied reader insert. perhaps do a reader insert as well?)
+ */
+void
+vcard_emul_replay_insertion_events(void)
+{
+    VReaderListEntry *current_entry;
+    VReaderListEntry *next_entry;
+    VReaderList *list = vreader_get_reader_list();
+
+    for (current_entry = vreader_list_get_first(list); current_entry;
+            current_entry = next_entry) {
+        VReader *vreader = vreader_list_get_reader(current_entry);
+        next_entry = vreader_list_get_next(current_entry);
+        vreader_queue_card_event(vreader);
+    }
+
+    vreader_list_delete(list);
+}
+
+/*
+ *  Silly little functions to help parsing our argument string
+ */
+static int
+count_tokens(const char *str, char token, char token_end)
+{
+    int count = 0;
+
+    for (; *str; str++) {
+        if (*str == token) {
+            count++;
+        }
+        if (*str == token_end) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    return count;
+}
+
+static const char *
+strip(const char *str)
+{
+    for (; *str && isspace(*str); str++) {
+    }
+    return str;
+}
+
+static const char *
+find_blank(const char *str)
+{
+    for (; *str && !isspace(*str); str++) {
+    }
+    return str;
+}
+
+
+/*
+ *  We really want to use some existing argument parsing library here. That
+ *  would give us a consistent look */
+static VCardEmulOptions options;
+#define READER_STEP 4
+
+/* Expects "args" to be at the beginning of a token (ie right after the ','
+ * ending the previous token), and puts the next token start in "token",
+ * and its length in "token_length". "token" will not be nul-terminated.
+ * After calling the macro, "args" will be advanced to the beginning of
+ * the next token.
+ * This macro may call continue or break.
+ */
+#define NEXT_TOKEN(token) \
+            (token) = args; \
+            args = strpbrk(args, ",)"); \
+            if (*args == 0) { \
+                break; \
+            } \
+            if (*args == ')') { \
+                args++; \
+                continue; \
+            } \
+            (token##_length) = args - (token); \
+            args = strip(args+1);
+
+VCardEmulOptions *
+vcard_emul_options(const char *args)
+{
+    int reader_count = 0;
+    VCardEmulOptions *opts;
+
+    /* Allow the future use of allocating the options structure on the fly */
+    memcpy(&options, &default_options, sizeof(options));
+    opts = &options;
+
+    do {
+        args = strip(args); /* strip off the leading spaces */
+        if (*args == ',') {
+            continue;
+        }
+        /* soft=(slot_name,virt_name,emul_type,emul_flags,cert_1, (no eol)
+         *       cert_2,cert_3...) */
+        if (strncmp(args, "soft=", 5) == 0) {
+            const char *name;
+            size_t name_length;
+            const char *vname;
+            size_t vname_length;
+            const char *type_params;
+            size_t type_params_length;
+            char type_str[100];
+            VCardEmulType type;
+            int count, i;
+            VirtualReaderOptions *vreaderOpt;
+
+            args = strip(args + 5);
+            if (*args != '(') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            args = strip(args+1);
+
+            NEXT_TOKEN(name)
+            NEXT_TOKEN(vname)
+            NEXT_TOKEN(type_params)
+            type_params_length = MIN(type_params_length, sizeof(type_str)-1);
+            memcpy(type_str, type_params, type_params_length);
+            type_str[type_params_length] = '\0';
+            type = vcard_emul_type_from_string(type_str);
+
+            NEXT_TOKEN(type_params)
+
+            if (*args == 0) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            if (opts->vreader_count >= reader_count) {
+                reader_count += READER_STEP;
+                opts->vreader = g_renew(VirtualReaderOptions, opts->vreader,
+                                        reader_count);
+            }
+            vreaderOpt = &opts->vreader[opts->vreader_count];
+            vreaderOpt->name = g_strndup(name, name_length);
+            vreaderOpt->vname = g_strndup(vname, vname_length);
+            vreaderOpt->card_type = type;
+            vreaderOpt->type_params =
+                g_strndup(type_params, type_params_length);
+            count = count_tokens(args, ',', ')') + 1;
+            vreaderOpt->cert_count = count;
+            vreaderOpt->cert_name = g_new(char *, count);
+            for (i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+                const char *cert = args;
+                args = strpbrk(args, ",)");
+                vreaderOpt->cert_name[i] = g_strndup(cert, args - cert);
+                args = strip(args+1);
+            }
+            if (*args == ')') {
+                args++;
+            }
+            opts->vreader_count++;
+        /* use_hw= */
+        } else if (strncmp(args, "use_hw=", 7) == 0) {
+            args = strip(args+7);
+            if (*args == '0' || *args == 'N' || *args == 'n' || *args == 'F') {
+                opts->use_hw = PR_FALSE;
+            } else {
+                opts->use_hw = PR_TRUE;
+            }
+            args = find_blank(args);
+        /* hw_type= */
+        } else if (strncmp(args, "hw_type=", 8) == 0) {
+            args = strip(args+8);
+            opts->hw_card_type = vcard_emul_type_from_string(args);
+            args = find_blank(args);
+        /* hw_params= */
+        } else if (strncmp(args, "hw_params=", 10) == 0) {
+            const char *params;
+            args = strip(args+10);
+            params = args;
+            args = find_blank(args);
+            opts->hw_type_params = g_strndup(params, args-params);
+        /* db="/data/base/path" */
+        } else if (strncmp(args, "db=", 3) == 0) {
+            const char *db;
+            args = strip(args+3);
+            if (*args != '"') {
+                continue;
+            }
+            args++;
+            db = args;
+            args = strpbrk(args, "\"\n");
+            opts->nss_db = g_strndup(db, args-db);
+            if (*args != 0) {
+                args++;
+            }
+        } else {
+            args = find_blank(args);
+        }
+    } while (*args != 0);
+
+    return opts;
+}
+
+void
+vcard_emul_usage(void)
+{
+   fprintf(stderr,
+"emul args: comma separated list of the following arguments\n"
+" db={nss_database}               (default sql:/etc/pki/nssdb)\n"
+" use_hw=[yes|no]                 (default yes)\n"
+" hw_type={card_type_to_emulate}  (default CAC)\n"
+" hw_param={param_for_card}       (default \"\")\n"
+" soft=({slot_name},{vreader_name},{card_type_to_emulate},{params_for_card},\n"
+"       {cert1},{cert2},{cert3}    (default none)\n"
+"\n"
+"  {nss_database}          The location of the NSS cert & key database\n"
+"  {card_type_to_emulate}  What card interface to present to the guest\n"
+"  {param_for_card}        Card interface specific parameters\n"
+"  {slot_name}             NSS slot that contains the certs\n"
+"  {vreader_name}          Virtual reader name to present to the guest\n"
+"  {certN}                 Nickname of the certificate n on the virtual card\n"
+"\n"
+"These parameters come as a single string separated by blanks or newlines."
+"\n"
+"Unless use_hw is set to no, all tokens that look like removable hardware\n"
+"tokens will be presented to the guest using the emulator specified by\n"
+"hw_type, and parameters of hw_param.\n"
+"\n"
+"If more one or more soft= parameters are specified, these readers will be\n"
+"presented to the guest\n");
+}