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author | RajithaY <rajithax.yerrumsetty@intel.com> | 2017-04-25 03:31:15 -0700 |
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committer | Rajitha Yerrumchetty <rajithax.yerrumsetty@intel.com> | 2017-05-22 06:48:08 +0000 |
commit | bb756eebdac6fd24e8919e2c43f7d2c8c4091f59 (patch) | |
tree | ca11e03542edf2d8f631efeca5e1626d211107e3 /qemu/docs/qcow2-cache.txt | |
parent | a14b48d18a9ed03ec191cf16b162206998a895ce (diff) |
Adding qemu as a submodule of KVMFORNFV
This Patch includes the changes to add qemu as a submodule to
kvmfornfv repo and make use of the updated latest qemu for the
execution of all testcase
Change-Id: I1280af507a857675c7f81d30c95255635667bdd7
Signed-off-by:RajithaY<rajithax.yerrumsetty@intel.com>
Diffstat (limited to 'qemu/docs/qcow2-cache.txt')
-rw-r--r-- | qemu/docs/qcow2-cache.txt | 164 |
1 files changed, 0 insertions, 164 deletions
diff --git a/qemu/docs/qcow2-cache.txt b/qemu/docs/qcow2-cache.txt deleted file mode 100644 index 5bb06072d..000000000 --- a/qemu/docs/qcow2-cache.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,164 +0,0 @@ -qcow2 L2/refcount cache configuration -===================================== -Copyright (C) 2015 Igalia, S.L. -Author: Alberto Garcia <berto@igalia.com> - -This work is licensed under the terms of the GNU GPL, version 2 or -later. See the COPYING file in the top-level directory. - -Introduction ------------- -The QEMU qcow2 driver has two caches that can improve the I/O -performance significantly. However, setting the right cache sizes is -not a straightforward operation. - -This document attempts to give an overview of the L2 and refcount -caches, and how to configure them. - -Please refer to the docs/specs/qcow2.txt file for an in-depth -technical description of the qcow2 file format. - - -Clusters --------- -A qcow2 file is organized in units of constant size called clusters. - -The cluster size is configurable, but it must be a power of two and -its value 512 bytes or higher. QEMU currently defaults to 64 KB -clusters, and it does not support sizes larger than 2MB. - -The 'qemu-img create' command supports specifying the size using the -cluster_size option: - - qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o cluster_size=128K hd.qcow2 4G - - -The L2 tables -------------- -The qcow2 format uses a two-level structure to map the virtual disk as -seen by the guest to the disk image in the host. These structures are -called the L1 and L2 tables. - -There is one single L1 table per disk image. The table is small and is -always kept in memory. - -There can be many L2 tables, depending on how much space has been -allocated in the image. Each table is one cluster in size. In order to -read or write data from the virtual disk, QEMU needs to read its -corresponding L2 table to find out where that data is located. Since -reading the table for each I/O operation can be expensive, QEMU keeps -an L2 cache in memory to speed up disk access. - -The size of the L2 cache can be configured, and setting the right -value can improve the I/O performance significantly. - - -The refcount blocks -------------------- -The qcow2 format also mantains a reference count for each cluster. -Reference counts are used for cluster allocation and internal -snapshots. The data is stored in a two-level structure similar to the -L1/L2 tables described above. - -The second level structures are called refcount blocks, are also one -cluster in size and the number is also variable and dependent on the -amount of allocated space. - -Each block contains a number of refcount entries. Their size (in bits) -is a power of two and must not be higher than 64. It defaults to 16 -bits, but a different value can be set using the refcount_bits option: - - qemu-img create -f qcow2 -o refcount_bits=8 hd.qcow2 4G - -QEMU keeps a refcount cache to speed up I/O much like the -aforementioned L2 cache, and its size can also be configured. - - -Choosing the right cache sizes ------------------------------- -In order to choose the cache sizes we need to know how they relate to -the amount of allocated space. - -The amount of virtual disk that can be mapped by the L2 and refcount -caches (in bytes) is: - - disk_size = l2_cache_size * cluster_size / 8 - disk_size = refcount_cache_size * cluster_size * 8 / refcount_bits - -With the default values for cluster_size (64KB) and refcount_bits -(16), that is - - disk_size = l2_cache_size * 8192 - disk_size = refcount_cache_size * 32768 - -So in order to cover n GB of disk space with the default values we -need: - - l2_cache_size = disk_size_GB * 131072 - refcount_cache_size = disk_size_GB * 32768 - -QEMU has a default L2 cache of 1MB (1048576 bytes) and a refcount -cache of 256KB (262144 bytes), so using the formulas we've just seen -we have - - 1048576 / 131072 = 8 GB of virtual disk covered by that cache - 262144 / 32768 = 8 GB - - -How to configure the cache sizes --------------------------------- -Cache sizes can be configured using the -drive option in the -command-line, or the 'blockdev-add' QMP command. - -There are three options available, and all of them take bytes: - -"l2-cache-size": maximum size of the L2 table cache -"refcount-cache-size": maximum size of the refcount block cache -"cache-size": maximum size of both caches combined - -There are two things that need to be taken into account: - - - Both caches must have a size that is a multiple of the cluster - size. - - - If you only set one of the options above, QEMU will automatically - adjust the others so that the L2 cache is 4 times bigger than the - refcount cache. - -This means that these options are equivalent: - - -drive file=hd.qcow2,l2-cache-size=2097152 - -drive file=hd.qcow2,refcount-cache-size=524288 - -drive file=hd.qcow2,cache-size=2621440 - -The reason for this 1/4 ratio is to ensure that both caches cover the -same amount of disk space. Note however that this is only valid with -the default value of refcount_bits (16). If you are using a different -value you might want to calculate both cache sizes yourself since QEMU -will always use the same 1/4 ratio. - -It's also worth mentioning that there's no strict need for both caches -to cover the same amount of disk space. The refcount cache is used -much less often than the L2 cache, so it's perfectly reasonable to -keep it small. - - -Reducing the memory usage -------------------------- -It is possible to clean unused cache entries in order to reduce the -memory usage during periods of low I/O activity. - -The parameter "cache-clean-interval" defines an interval (in seconds). -All cache entries that haven't been accessed during that interval are -removed from memory. - -This example removes all unused cache entries every 15 minutes: - - -drive file=hd.qcow2,cache-clean-interval=900 - -If unset, the default value for this parameter is 0 and it disables -this feature. - -Note that this functionality currently relies on the MADV_DONTNEED -argument for madvise() to actually free the memory, so it is not -useful in systems that don't follow that behavior. |