Add the rt linux 4.1.3-rt3 as base

Import the rt linux 4.1.3-rt3 as OPNFV kvm base.

It's from git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/rt/linux-rt-devel.git linux-4.1.y-rt and
the base is:

commit 0917f823c59692d751951bf5ea699a2d1e2f26a2
Author: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Date:   Sat Jul 25 12:13:34 2015 +0200

    Prepare v4.1.3-rt3

    Signed-off-by: Sebastian Andrzej Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>

We lose all the git history this way and it's not good. We
should apply another opnfv project repo in future.

Change-Id: I87543d81c9df70d99c5001fbdf646b202c19f423
Signed-off-by: Yunhong Jiang <yunhong.jiang@intel.com>

1 files changed, 4564 insertions, 0 deletions

diff --git a/kernel/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c b/kernel/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..5645481af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/kernel/sound/pci/hda/hda_codec.c
@@ -0,0 +1,4564 @@
+/*
+ * Universal Interface for Intel High Definition Audio Codec
+ *
+ * Copyright (c) 2004 Takashi Iwai <tiwai@suse.de>
+ *
+ *
+ *  This driver is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
+ *  it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
+ *  the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or
+ *  (at your option) any later version.
+ *
+ *  This driver is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
+ *  but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
+ *  MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
+ *  GNU General Public License for more details.
+ *
+ *  You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
+ *  along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software
+ *  Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA  02111-1307 USA
+ */
+
+#include <linux/mm.h>
+#include <linux/init.h>
+#include <linux/delay.h>
+#include <linux/slab.h>
+#include <linux/mutex.h>
+#include <linux/module.h>
+#include <linux/async.h>
+#include <linux/pm.h>
+#include <linux/pm_runtime.h>
+#include <sound/core.h>
+#include "hda_codec.h"
+#include <sound/asoundef.h>
+#include <sound/tlv.h>
+#include <sound/initval.h>
+#include <sound/jack.h>
+#include "hda_local.h"
+#include "hda_beep.h"
+#include "hda_jack.h"
+#include <sound/hda_hwdep.h>
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+#define codec_in_pm(codec)	atomic_read(&(codec)->core.in_pm)
+#define hda_codec_is_power_on(codec) \
+	(!pm_runtime_suspended(hda_codec_dev(codec)))
+#else
+#define codec_in_pm(codec)	0
+#define hda_codec_is_power_on(codec)	1
+#endif
+
+#define codec_has_epss(codec) \
+	((codec)->core.power_caps & AC_PWRST_EPSS)
+#define codec_has_clkstop(codec) \
+	((codec)->core.power_caps & AC_PWRST_CLKSTOP)
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_jack_location - Give a location string of the jack
+ * @cfg: pin default config value
+ *
+ * Parse the pin default config value and returns the string of the
+ * jack location, e.g. "Rear", "Front", etc.
+ */
+const char *snd_hda_get_jack_location(u32 cfg)
+{
+	static char *bases[7] = {
+		"N/A", "Rear", "Front", "Left", "Right", "Top", "Bottom",
+	};
+	static unsigned char specials_idx[] = {
+		0x07, 0x08,
+		0x17, 0x18, 0x19,
+		0x37, 0x38
+	};
+	static char *specials[] = {
+		"Rear Panel", "Drive Bar",
+		"Riser", "HDMI", "ATAPI",
+		"Mobile-In", "Mobile-Out"
+	};
+	int i;
+	cfg = (cfg & AC_DEFCFG_LOCATION) >> AC_DEFCFG_LOCATION_SHIFT;
+	if ((cfg & 0x0f) < 7)
+		return bases[cfg & 0x0f];
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(specials_idx); i++) {
+		if (cfg == specials_idx[i])
+			return specials[i];
+	}
+	return "UNKNOWN";
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_get_jack_location);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_jack_connectivity - Give a connectivity string of the jack
+ * @cfg: pin default config value
+ *
+ * Parse the pin default config value and returns the string of the
+ * jack connectivity, i.e. external or internal connection.
+ */
+const char *snd_hda_get_jack_connectivity(u32 cfg)
+{
+	static char *jack_locations[4] = { "Ext", "Int", "Sep", "Oth" };
+
+	return jack_locations[(cfg >> (AC_DEFCFG_LOCATION_SHIFT + 4)) & 3];
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_get_jack_connectivity);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_jack_type - Give a type string of the jack
+ * @cfg: pin default config value
+ *
+ * Parse the pin default config value and returns the string of the
+ * jack type, i.e. the purpose of the jack, such as Line-Out or CD.
+ */
+const char *snd_hda_get_jack_type(u32 cfg)
+{
+	static char *jack_types[16] = {
+		"Line Out", "Speaker", "HP Out", "CD",
+		"SPDIF Out", "Digital Out", "Modem Line", "Modem Hand",
+		"Line In", "Aux", "Mic", "Telephony",
+		"SPDIF In", "Digital In", "Reserved", "Other"
+	};
+
+	return jack_types[(cfg & AC_DEFCFG_DEVICE)
+				>> AC_DEFCFG_DEVICE_SHIFT];
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_get_jack_type);
+
+/*
+ * Send and receive a verb - passed to exec_verb override for hdac_device
+ */
+static int codec_exec_verb(struct hdac_device *dev, unsigned int cmd,
+			   unsigned int flags, unsigned int *res)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = container_of(dev, struct hda_codec, core);
+	struct hda_bus *bus = codec->bus;
+	int err;
+
+	if (cmd == ~0)
+		return -1;
+
+ again:
+	snd_hda_power_up_pm(codec);
+	mutex_lock(&bus->core.cmd_mutex);
+	if (flags & HDA_RW_NO_RESPONSE_FALLBACK)
+		bus->no_response_fallback = 1;
+	err = snd_hdac_bus_exec_verb_unlocked(&bus->core, codec->core.addr,
+					      cmd, res);
+	bus->no_response_fallback = 0;
+	mutex_unlock(&bus->core.cmd_mutex);
+	snd_hda_power_down_pm(codec);
+	if (!codec_in_pm(codec) && res && err < 0 && bus->rirb_error) {
+		if (bus->response_reset) {
+			codec_dbg(codec,
+				  "resetting BUS due to fatal communication error\n");
+			bus->ops.bus_reset(bus);
+		}
+		goto again;
+	}
+	/* clear reset-flag when the communication gets recovered */
+	if (!err || codec_in_pm(codec))
+		bus->response_reset = 0;
+	return err;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_read - send a command and get the response
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to send the command
+ * @flags: optional bit flags
+ * @verb: the verb to send
+ * @parm: the parameter for the verb
+ *
+ * Send a single command and read the corresponding response.
+ *
+ * Returns the obtained response value, or -1 for an error.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hda_codec_read(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				int flags,
+				unsigned int verb, unsigned int parm)
+{
+	unsigned int cmd = snd_hdac_make_cmd(&codec->core, nid, verb, parm);
+	unsigned int res;
+	if (snd_hdac_exec_verb(&codec->core, cmd, flags, &res))
+		return -1;
+	return res;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_read);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_write - send a single command without waiting for response
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to send the command
+ * @flags: optional bit flags
+ * @verb: the verb to send
+ * @parm: the parameter for the verb
+ *
+ * Send a single command without waiting for response.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_write(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int flags,
+			unsigned int verb, unsigned int parm)
+{
+	unsigned int cmd = snd_hdac_make_cmd(&codec->core, nid, verb, parm);
+	return snd_hdac_exec_verb(&codec->core, cmd, flags, NULL);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_write);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_sequence_write - sequence writes
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @seq: VERB array to send
+ *
+ * Send the commands sequentially from the given array.
+ * The array must be terminated with NID=0.
+ */
+void snd_hda_sequence_write(struct hda_codec *codec, const struct hda_verb *seq)
+{
+	for (; seq->nid; seq++)
+		snd_hda_codec_write(codec, seq->nid, 0, seq->verb, seq->param);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_sequence_write);
+
+/* connection list element */
+struct hda_conn_list {
+	struct list_head list;
+	int len;
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+	hda_nid_t conns[0];
+};
+
+/* look up the cached results */
+static struct hda_conn_list *
+lookup_conn_list(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	struct hda_conn_list *p;
+	list_for_each_entry(p, &codec->conn_list, list) {
+		if (p->nid == nid)
+			return p;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+static int add_conn_list(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int len,
+			 const hda_nid_t *list)
+{
+	struct hda_conn_list *p;
+
+	p = kmalloc(sizeof(*p) + len * sizeof(hda_nid_t), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!p)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	p->len = len;
+	p->nid = nid;
+	memcpy(p->conns, list, len * sizeof(hda_nid_t));
+	list_add(&p->list, &codec->conn_list);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void remove_conn_list(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	while (!list_empty(&codec->conn_list)) {
+		struct hda_conn_list *p;
+		p = list_first_entry(&codec->conn_list, typeof(*p), list);
+		list_del(&p->list);
+		kfree(p);
+	}
+}
+
+/* read the connection and add to the cache */
+static int read_and_add_raw_conns(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	hda_nid_t list[32];
+	hda_nid_t *result = list;
+	int len;
+
+	len = snd_hda_get_raw_connections(codec, nid, list, ARRAY_SIZE(list));
+	if (len == -ENOSPC) {
+		len = snd_hda_get_num_raw_conns(codec, nid);
+		result = kmalloc(sizeof(hda_nid_t) * len, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!result)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		len = snd_hda_get_raw_connections(codec, nid, result, len);
+	}
+	if (len >= 0)
+		len = snd_hda_override_conn_list(codec, nid, len, result);
+	if (result != list)
+		kfree(result);
+	return len;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_conn_list - get connection list
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to parse
+ * @listp: the pointer to store NID list
+ *
+ * Parses the connection list of the given widget and stores the pointer
+ * to the list of NIDs.
+ *
+ * Returns the number of connections, or a negative error code.
+ *
+ * Note that the returned pointer isn't protected against the list
+ * modification.  If snd_hda_override_conn_list() might be called
+ * concurrently, protect with a mutex appropriately.
+ */
+int snd_hda_get_conn_list(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+			  const hda_nid_t **listp)
+{
+	bool added = false;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		int err;
+		const struct hda_conn_list *p;
+
+		/* if the connection-list is already cached, read it */
+		p = lookup_conn_list(codec, nid);
+		if (p) {
+			if (listp)
+				*listp = p->conns;
+			return p->len;
+		}
+		if (snd_BUG_ON(added))
+			return -EINVAL;
+
+		err = read_and_add_raw_conns(codec, nid);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+		added = true;
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_get_conn_list);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_connections - copy connection list
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to parse
+ * @conn_list: connection list array; when NULL, checks only the size
+ * @max_conns: max. number of connections to store
+ *
+ * Parses the connection list of the given widget and stores the list
+ * of NIDs.
+ *
+ * Returns the number of connections, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_get_connections(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+			    hda_nid_t *conn_list, int max_conns)
+{
+	const hda_nid_t *list;
+	int len = snd_hda_get_conn_list(codec, nid, &list);
+
+	if (len > 0 && conn_list) {
+		if (len > max_conns) {
+			codec_err(codec, "Too many connections %d for NID 0x%x\n",
+				   len, nid);
+			return -EINVAL;
+		}
+		memcpy(conn_list, list, len * sizeof(hda_nid_t));
+	}
+
+	return len;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_get_connections);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_override_conn_list - add/modify the connection-list to cache
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to parse
+ * @len: number of connection list entries
+ * @list: the list of connection entries
+ *
+ * Add or modify the given connection-list to the cache.  If the corresponding
+ * cache already exists, invalidate it and append a new one.
+ *
+ * Returns zero or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_override_conn_list(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int len,
+			       const hda_nid_t *list)
+{
+	struct hda_conn_list *p;
+
+	p = lookup_conn_list(codec, nid);
+	if (p) {
+		list_del(&p->list);
+		kfree(p);
+	}
+
+	return add_conn_list(codec, nid, len, list);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_override_conn_list);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_conn_index - get the connection index of the given NID
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mux: NID containing the list
+ * @nid: NID to select
+ * @recursive: 1 when searching NID recursively, otherwise 0
+ *
+ * Parses the connection list of the widget @mux and checks whether the
+ * widget @nid is present.  If it is, return the connection index.
+ * Otherwise it returns -1.
+ */
+int snd_hda_get_conn_index(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t mux,
+			   hda_nid_t nid, int recursive)
+{
+	const hda_nid_t *conn;
+	int i, nums;
+
+	nums = snd_hda_get_conn_list(codec, mux, &conn);
+	for (i = 0; i < nums; i++)
+		if (conn[i] == nid)
+			return i;
+	if (!recursive)
+		return -1;
+	if (recursive > 10) {
+		codec_dbg(codec, "too deep connection for 0x%x\n", nid);
+		return -1;
+	}
+	recursive++;
+	for (i = 0; i < nums; i++) {
+		unsigned int type = get_wcaps_type(get_wcaps(codec, conn[i]));
+		if (type == AC_WID_PIN || type == AC_WID_AUD_OUT)
+			continue;
+		if (snd_hda_get_conn_index(codec, conn[i], nid, recursive) >= 0)
+			return i;
+	}
+	return -1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_get_conn_index);
+
+
+/* return DEVLIST_LEN parameter of the given widget */
+static unsigned int get_num_devices(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	unsigned int wcaps = get_wcaps(codec, nid);
+	unsigned int parm;
+
+	if (!codec->dp_mst || !(wcaps & AC_WCAP_DIGITAL) ||
+	    get_wcaps_type(wcaps) != AC_WID_PIN)
+		return 0;
+
+	parm = snd_hdac_read_parm_uncached(&codec->core, nid, AC_PAR_DEVLIST_LEN);
+	if (parm == -1 && codec->bus->rirb_error)
+		parm = 0;
+	return parm & AC_DEV_LIST_LEN_MASK;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_devices - copy device list without cache
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID of the pin to parse
+ * @dev_list: device list array
+ * @max_devices: max. number of devices to store
+ *
+ * Copy the device list. This info is dynamic and so not cached.
+ * Currently called only from hda_proc.c, so not exported.
+ */
+int snd_hda_get_devices(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+			u8 *dev_list, int max_devices)
+{
+	unsigned int parm;
+	int i, dev_len, devices;
+
+	parm = get_num_devices(codec, nid);
+	if (!parm)	/* not multi-stream capable */
+		return 0;
+
+	dev_len = parm + 1;
+	dev_len = dev_len < max_devices ? dev_len : max_devices;
+
+	devices = 0;
+	while (devices < dev_len) {
+		parm = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0,
+					  AC_VERB_GET_DEVICE_LIST, devices);
+		if (parm == -1 && codec->bus->rirb_error)
+			break;
+
+		for (i = 0; i < 8; i++) {
+			dev_list[devices] = (u8)parm;
+			parm >>= 4;
+			devices++;
+			if (devices >= dev_len)
+				break;
+		}
+	}
+	return devices;
+}
+
+/*
+ * destructor
+ */
+static void snd_hda_bus_free(struct hda_bus *bus)
+{
+	if (!bus)
+		return;
+	if (bus->ops.private_free)
+		bus->ops.private_free(bus);
+	snd_hdac_bus_exit(&bus->core);
+	kfree(bus);
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_bus_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	snd_hda_bus_free(device->device_data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_bus_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct hda_bus *bus = device->device_data;
+	bus->shutdown = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* hdac_bus_ops translations */
+static int _hda_bus_command(struct hdac_bus *_bus, unsigned int cmd)
+{
+	struct hda_bus *bus = container_of(_bus, struct hda_bus, core);
+	return bus->ops.command(bus, cmd);
+}
+
+static int _hda_bus_get_response(struct hdac_bus *_bus, unsigned int addr,
+				 unsigned int *res)
+{
+	struct hda_bus *bus = container_of(_bus, struct hda_bus, core);
+	*res = bus->ops.get_response(bus, addr);
+	return bus->rirb_error ? -EIO : 0;
+}
+
+static const struct hdac_bus_ops bus_ops = {
+	.command = _hda_bus_command,
+	.get_response = _hda_bus_get_response,
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_bus_new - create a HDA bus
+ * @card: the card entry
+ * @busp: the pointer to store the created bus instance
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_bus_new(struct snd_card *card,
+		    struct hda_bus **busp)
+{
+	struct hda_bus *bus;
+	int err;
+	static struct snd_device_ops dev_ops = {
+		.dev_disconnect = snd_hda_bus_dev_disconnect,
+		.dev_free = snd_hda_bus_dev_free,
+	};
+
+	if (busp)
+		*busp = NULL;
+
+	bus = kzalloc(sizeof(*bus), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!bus)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	err = snd_hdac_bus_init(&bus->core, card->dev, &bus_ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		kfree(bus);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	bus->card = card;
+	mutex_init(&bus->prepare_mutex);
+
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_BUS, bus, &dev_ops);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_hda_bus_free(bus);
+		return err;
+	}
+	if (busp)
+		*busp = bus;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_bus_new);
+
+/*
+ * read widget caps for each widget and store in cache
+ */
+static int read_widget_caps(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t fg_node)
+{
+	int i;
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+
+	codec->wcaps = kmalloc(codec->core.num_nodes * 4, GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!codec->wcaps)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	nid = codec->core.start_nid;
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->core.num_nodes; i++, nid++)
+		codec->wcaps[i] = snd_hdac_read_parm_uncached(&codec->core,
+					nid, AC_PAR_AUDIO_WIDGET_CAP);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* read all pin default configurations and save codec->init_pins */
+static int read_pin_defaults(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+
+	for_each_hda_codec_node(nid, codec) {
+		struct hda_pincfg *pin;
+		unsigned int wcaps = get_wcaps(codec, nid);
+		unsigned int wid_type = get_wcaps_type(wcaps);
+		if (wid_type != AC_WID_PIN)
+			continue;
+		pin = snd_array_new(&codec->init_pins);
+		if (!pin)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		pin->nid = nid;
+		pin->cfg = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0,
+					      AC_VERB_GET_CONFIG_DEFAULT, 0);
+		pin->ctrl = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0,
+					       AC_VERB_GET_PIN_WIDGET_CONTROL,
+					       0);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* look up the given pin config list and return the item matching with NID */
+static struct hda_pincfg *look_up_pincfg(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					 struct snd_array *array,
+					 hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < array->used; i++) {
+		struct hda_pincfg *pin = snd_array_elem(array, i);
+		if (pin->nid == nid)
+			return pin;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/* set the current pin config value for the given NID.
+ * the value is cached, and read via snd_hda_codec_get_pincfg()
+ */
+int snd_hda_add_pincfg(struct hda_codec *codec, struct snd_array *list,
+		       hda_nid_t nid, unsigned int cfg)
+{
+	struct hda_pincfg *pin;
+
+	/* the check below may be invalid when pins are added by a fixup
+	 * dynamically (e.g. via snd_hda_codec_update_widgets()), so disabled
+	 * for now
+	 */
+	/*
+	if (get_wcaps_type(get_wcaps(codec, nid)) != AC_WID_PIN)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	*/
+
+	pin = look_up_pincfg(codec, list, nid);
+	if (!pin) {
+		pin = snd_array_new(list);
+		if (!pin)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		pin->nid = nid;
+	}
+	pin->cfg = cfg;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_set_pincfg - Override a pin default configuration
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to set the pin config
+ * @cfg: the pin default config value
+ *
+ * Override a pin default configuration value in the cache.
+ * This value can be read by snd_hda_codec_get_pincfg() in a higher
+ * priority than the real hardware value.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_set_pincfg(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			     hda_nid_t nid, unsigned int cfg)
+{
+	return snd_hda_add_pincfg(codec, &codec->driver_pins, nid, cfg);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_set_pincfg);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_get_pincfg - Obtain a pin-default configuration
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to get the pin config
+ *
+ * Get the current pin config value of the given pin NID.
+ * If the pincfg value is cached or overridden via sysfs or driver,
+ * returns the cached value.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hda_codec_get_pincfg(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	struct hda_pincfg *pin;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_HDA_RECONFIG
+	{
+		unsigned int cfg = 0;
+		mutex_lock(&codec->user_mutex);
+		pin = look_up_pincfg(codec, &codec->user_pins, nid);
+		if (pin)
+			cfg = pin->cfg;
+		mutex_unlock(&codec->user_mutex);
+		if (cfg)
+			return cfg;
+	}
+#endif
+	pin = look_up_pincfg(codec, &codec->driver_pins, nid);
+	if (pin)
+		return pin->cfg;
+	pin = look_up_pincfg(codec, &codec->init_pins, nid);
+	if (pin)
+		return pin->cfg;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_get_pincfg);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_set_pin_target - remember the current pinctl target value
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: pin NID
+ * @val: assigned pinctl value
+ *
+ * This function stores the given value to a pinctl target value in the
+ * pincfg table.  This isn't always as same as the actually written value
+ * but can be referred at any time via snd_hda_codec_get_pin_target().
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_set_pin_target(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				 unsigned int val)
+{
+	struct hda_pincfg *pin;
+
+	pin = look_up_pincfg(codec, &codec->init_pins, nid);
+	if (!pin)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	pin->target = val;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_set_pin_target);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_get_pin_target - return the current pinctl target value
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: pin NID
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_get_pin_target(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	struct hda_pincfg *pin;
+
+	pin = look_up_pincfg(codec, &codec->init_pins, nid);
+	if (!pin)
+		return 0;
+	return pin->target;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_get_pin_target);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_shutup_pins - Shut up all pins
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ *
+ * Clear all pin controls to shup up before suspend for avoiding click noise.
+ * The controls aren't cached so that they can be resumed properly.
+ */
+void snd_hda_shutup_pins(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	int i;
+	/* don't shut up pins when unloading the driver; otherwise it breaks
+	 * the default pin setup at the next load of the driver
+	 */
+	if (codec->bus->shutdown)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->init_pins.used; i++) {
+		struct hda_pincfg *pin = snd_array_elem(&codec->init_pins, i);
+		/* use read here for syncing after issuing each verb */
+		snd_hda_codec_read(codec, pin->nid, 0,
+				   AC_VERB_SET_PIN_WIDGET_CONTROL, 0);
+	}
+	codec->pins_shutup = 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_shutup_pins);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+/* Restore the pin controls cleared previously via snd_hda_shutup_pins() */
+static void restore_shutup_pins(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	int i;
+	if (!codec->pins_shutup)
+		return;
+	if (codec->bus->shutdown)
+		return;
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->init_pins.used; i++) {
+		struct hda_pincfg *pin = snd_array_elem(&codec->init_pins, i);
+		snd_hda_codec_write(codec, pin->nid, 0,
+				    AC_VERB_SET_PIN_WIDGET_CONTROL,
+				    pin->ctrl);
+	}
+	codec->pins_shutup = 0;
+}
+#endif
+
+static void hda_jackpoll_work(struct work_struct *work)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec =
+		container_of(work, struct hda_codec, jackpoll_work.work);
+
+	snd_hda_jack_set_dirty_all(codec);
+	snd_hda_jack_poll_all(codec);
+
+	if (!codec->jackpoll_interval)
+		return;
+
+	schedule_delayed_work(&codec->jackpoll_work,
+			      codec->jackpoll_interval);
+}
+
+/* release all pincfg lists */
+static void free_init_pincfgs(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	snd_array_free(&codec->driver_pins);
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_HDA_RECONFIG
+	snd_array_free(&codec->user_pins);
+#endif
+	snd_array_free(&codec->init_pins);
+}
+
+/*
+ * audio-converter setup caches
+ */
+struct hda_cvt_setup {
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+	u8 stream_tag;
+	u8 channel_id;
+	u16 format_id;
+	unsigned char active;	/* cvt is currently used */
+	unsigned char dirty;	/* setups should be cleared */
+};
+
+/* get or create a cache entry for the given audio converter NID */
+static struct hda_cvt_setup *
+get_hda_cvt_setup(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	struct hda_cvt_setup *p;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->cvt_setups.used; i++) {
+		p = snd_array_elem(&codec->cvt_setups, i);
+		if (p->nid == nid)
+			return p;
+	}
+	p = snd_array_new(&codec->cvt_setups);
+	if (p)
+		p->nid = nid;
+	return p;
+}
+
+/*
+ * PCM device
+ */
+static void release_pcm(struct kref *kref)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm = container_of(kref, struct hda_pcm, kref);
+
+	if (pcm->pcm)
+		snd_device_free(pcm->codec->card, pcm->pcm);
+	clear_bit(pcm->device, pcm->codec->bus->pcm_dev_bits);
+	kfree(pcm->name);
+	kfree(pcm);
+}
+
+void snd_hda_codec_pcm_put(struct hda_pcm *pcm)
+{
+	kref_put(&pcm->kref, release_pcm);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_pcm_put);
+
+struct hda_pcm *snd_hda_codec_pcm_new(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				      const char *fmt, ...)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm;
+	va_list args;
+
+	pcm = kzalloc(sizeof(*pcm), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!pcm)
+		return NULL;
+
+	pcm->codec = codec;
+	kref_init(&pcm->kref);
+	va_start(args, fmt);
+	pcm->name = kvasprintf(GFP_KERNEL, fmt, args);
+	va_end(args);
+	if (!pcm->name) {
+		kfree(pcm);
+		return NULL;
+	}
+
+	list_add_tail(&pcm->list, &codec->pcm_list_head);
+	return pcm;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_pcm_new);
+
+/*
+ * codec destructor
+ */
+static void codec_release_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm, *n;
+
+	list_for_each_entry_safe(pcm, n, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
+		list_del_init(&pcm->list);
+		if (pcm->pcm)
+			snd_device_disconnect(codec->card, pcm->pcm);
+		snd_hda_codec_pcm_put(pcm);
+	}
+}
+
+void snd_hda_codec_cleanup_for_unbind(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	if (codec->registered) {
+		/* pm_runtime_put() is called in snd_hdac_device_exit() */
+		pm_runtime_get_noresume(hda_codec_dev(codec));
+		pm_runtime_disable(hda_codec_dev(codec));
+		codec->registered = 0;
+	}
+
+	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&codec->jackpoll_work);
+	if (!codec->in_freeing)
+		snd_hda_ctls_clear(codec);
+	codec_release_pcms(codec);
+	snd_hda_detach_beep_device(codec);
+	memset(&codec->patch_ops, 0, sizeof(codec->patch_ops));
+	snd_hda_jack_tbl_clear(codec);
+	codec->proc_widget_hook = NULL;
+	codec->spec = NULL;
+
+	/* free only driver_pins so that init_pins + user_pins are restored */
+	snd_array_free(&codec->driver_pins);
+	snd_array_free(&codec->cvt_setups);
+	snd_array_free(&codec->spdif_out);
+	snd_array_free(&codec->verbs);
+	codec->preset = NULL;
+	codec->slave_dig_outs = NULL;
+	codec->spdif_status_reset = 0;
+	snd_array_free(&codec->mixers);
+	snd_array_free(&codec->nids);
+	remove_conn_list(codec);
+	snd_hdac_regmap_exit(&codec->core);
+}
+
+static unsigned int hda_set_power_state(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				unsigned int power_state);
+
+/* also called from hda_bind.c */
+void snd_hda_codec_register(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	if (codec->registered)
+		return;
+	if (device_is_registered(hda_codec_dev(codec))) {
+		snd_hda_register_beep_device(codec);
+		pm_runtime_enable(hda_codec_dev(codec));
+		/* it was powered up in snd_hda_codec_new(), now all done */
+		snd_hda_power_down(codec);
+		codec->registered = 1;
+	}
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_codec_dev_register(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	snd_hda_codec_register(device->device_data);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_codec_dev_disconnect(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = device->device_data;
+
+	snd_hda_detach_beep_device(codec);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_codec_dev_free(struct snd_device *device)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = device->device_data;
+
+	codec->in_freeing = 1;
+	snd_hdac_device_unregister(&codec->core);
+	put_device(hda_codec_dev(codec));
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static void snd_hda_codec_dev_release(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = dev_to_hda_codec(dev);
+
+	free_init_pincfgs(codec);
+	snd_hdac_device_exit(&codec->core);
+	snd_hda_sysfs_clear(codec);
+	kfree(codec->modelname);
+	kfree(codec->wcaps);
+	kfree(codec);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_new - create a HDA codec
+ * @bus: the bus to assign
+ * @codec_addr: the codec address
+ * @codecp: the pointer to store the generated codec
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_new(struct hda_bus *bus, struct snd_card *card,
+		      unsigned int codec_addr, struct hda_codec **codecp)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec;
+	char component[31];
+	hda_nid_t fg;
+	int err;
+	static struct snd_device_ops dev_ops = {
+		.dev_register = snd_hda_codec_dev_register,
+		.dev_disconnect = snd_hda_codec_dev_disconnect,
+		.dev_free = snd_hda_codec_dev_free,
+	};
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!bus))
+		return -EINVAL;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(codec_addr > HDA_MAX_CODEC_ADDRESS))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	codec = kzalloc(sizeof(*codec), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!codec)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+
+	sprintf(component, "hdaudioC%dD%d", card->number, codec_addr);
+	err = snd_hdac_device_init(&codec->core, &bus->core, component,
+				   codec_addr);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		kfree(codec);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	codec->core.dev.release = snd_hda_codec_dev_release;
+	codec->core.type = HDA_DEV_LEGACY;
+	codec->core.exec_verb = codec_exec_verb;
+
+	codec->bus = bus;
+	codec->card = card;
+	codec->addr = codec_addr;
+	mutex_init(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	mutex_init(&codec->control_mutex);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->mixers, sizeof(struct hda_nid_item), 32);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->nids, sizeof(struct hda_nid_item), 32);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->init_pins, sizeof(struct hda_pincfg), 16);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->driver_pins, sizeof(struct hda_pincfg), 16);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->cvt_setups, sizeof(struct hda_cvt_setup), 8);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->spdif_out, sizeof(struct hda_spdif_out), 16);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->jacktbl, sizeof(struct hda_jack_tbl), 16);
+	snd_array_init(&codec->verbs, sizeof(struct hda_verb *), 8);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&codec->conn_list);
+	INIT_LIST_HEAD(&codec->pcm_list_head);
+
+	INIT_DELAYED_WORK(&codec->jackpoll_work, hda_jackpoll_work);
+	codec->depop_delay = -1;
+	codec->fixup_id = HDA_FIXUP_ID_NOT_SET;
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+	codec->power_jiffies = jiffies;
+#endif
+
+	snd_hda_sysfs_init(codec);
+
+	if (codec->bus->modelname) {
+		codec->modelname = kstrdup(codec->bus->modelname, GFP_KERNEL);
+		if (!codec->modelname) {
+			err = -ENODEV;
+			goto error;
+		}
+	}
+
+	fg = codec->core.afg ? codec->core.afg : codec->core.mfg;
+	err = read_widget_caps(codec, fg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+	err = read_pin_defaults(codec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	/* power-up all before initialization */
+	hda_set_power_state(codec, AC_PWRST_D0);
+
+	snd_hda_codec_proc_new(codec);
+
+	snd_hda_create_hwdep(codec);
+
+	sprintf(component, "HDA:%08x,%08x,%08x", codec->core.vendor_id,
+		codec->core.subsystem_id, codec->core.revision_id);
+	snd_component_add(card, component);
+
+	err = snd_device_new(card, SNDRV_DEV_CODEC, codec, &dev_ops);
+	if (err < 0)
+		goto error;
+
+	if (codecp)
+		*codecp = codec;
+	return 0;
+
+ error:
+	put_device(hda_codec_dev(codec));
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_new);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_update_widgets - Refresh widget caps and pin defaults
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ *
+ * Forcibly refresh the all widget caps and the init pin configurations of
+ * the given codec.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_update_widgets(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	hda_nid_t fg;
+	int err;
+
+	err = snd_hdac_refresh_widgets(&codec->core);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* Assume the function group node does not change,
+	 * only the widget nodes may change.
+	 */
+	kfree(codec->wcaps);
+	fg = codec->core.afg ? codec->core.afg : codec->core.mfg;
+	err = read_widget_caps(codec, fg);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	snd_array_free(&codec->init_pins);
+	err = read_pin_defaults(codec);
+
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_update_widgets);
+
+/* update the stream-id if changed */
+static void update_pcm_stream_id(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				 struct hda_cvt_setup *p, hda_nid_t nid,
+				 u32 stream_tag, int channel_id)
+{
+	unsigned int oldval, newval;
+
+	if (p->stream_tag != stream_tag || p->channel_id != channel_id) {
+		oldval = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0, AC_VERB_GET_CONV, 0);
+		newval = (stream_tag << 4) | channel_id;
+		if (oldval != newval)
+			snd_hda_codec_write(codec, nid, 0,
+					    AC_VERB_SET_CHANNEL_STREAMID,
+					    newval);
+		p->stream_tag = stream_tag;
+		p->channel_id = channel_id;
+	}
+}
+
+/* update the format-id if changed */
+static void update_pcm_format(struct hda_codec *codec, struct hda_cvt_setup *p,
+			      hda_nid_t nid, int format)
+{
+	unsigned int oldval;
+
+	if (p->format_id != format) {
+		oldval = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0,
+					    AC_VERB_GET_STREAM_FORMAT, 0);
+		if (oldval != format) {
+			msleep(1);
+			snd_hda_codec_write(codec, nid, 0,
+					    AC_VERB_SET_STREAM_FORMAT,
+					    format);
+		}
+		p->format_id = format;
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_setup_stream - set up the codec for streaming
+ * @codec: the CODEC to set up
+ * @nid: the NID to set up
+ * @stream_tag: stream tag to pass, it's between 0x1 and 0xf.
+ * @channel_id: channel id to pass, zero based.
+ * @format: stream format.
+ */
+void snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				u32 stream_tag,
+				int channel_id, int format)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *c;
+	struct hda_cvt_setup *p;
+	int type;
+	int i;
+
+	if (!nid)
+		return;
+
+	codec_dbg(codec,
+		  "hda_codec_setup_stream: NID=0x%x, stream=0x%x, channel=%d, format=0x%x\n",
+		  nid, stream_tag, channel_id, format);
+	p = get_hda_cvt_setup(codec, nid);
+	if (!p)
+		return;
+
+	if (codec->patch_ops.stream_pm)
+		codec->patch_ops.stream_pm(codec, nid, true);
+	if (codec->pcm_format_first)
+		update_pcm_format(codec, p, nid, format);
+	update_pcm_stream_id(codec, p, nid, stream_tag, channel_id);
+	if (!codec->pcm_format_first)
+		update_pcm_format(codec, p, nid, format);
+
+	p->active = 1;
+	p->dirty = 0;
+
+	/* make other inactive cvts with the same stream-tag dirty */
+	type = get_wcaps_type(get_wcaps(codec, nid));
+	list_for_each_codec(c, codec->bus) {
+		for (i = 0; i < c->cvt_setups.used; i++) {
+			p = snd_array_elem(&c->cvt_setups, i);
+			if (!p->active && p->stream_tag == stream_tag &&
+			    get_wcaps_type(get_wcaps(c, p->nid)) == type)
+				p->dirty = 1;
+		}
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_setup_stream);
+
+static void really_cleanup_stream(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				  struct hda_cvt_setup *q);
+
+/**
+ * __snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream - clean up the codec for closing
+ * @codec: the CODEC to clean up
+ * @nid: the NID to clean up
+ * @do_now: really clean up the stream instead of clearing the active flag
+ */
+void __snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				    int do_now)
+{
+	struct hda_cvt_setup *p;
+
+	if (!nid)
+		return;
+
+	if (codec->no_sticky_stream)
+		do_now = 1;
+
+	codec_dbg(codec, "hda_codec_cleanup_stream: NID=0x%x\n", nid);
+	p = get_hda_cvt_setup(codec, nid);
+	if (p) {
+		/* here we just clear the active flag when do_now isn't set;
+		 * actual clean-ups will be done later in
+		 * purify_inactive_streams() called from snd_hda_codec_prpapre()
+		 */
+		if (do_now)
+			really_cleanup_stream(codec, p);
+		else
+			p->active = 0;
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream);
+
+static void really_cleanup_stream(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				  struct hda_cvt_setup *q)
+{
+	hda_nid_t nid = q->nid;
+	if (q->stream_tag || q->channel_id)
+		snd_hda_codec_write(codec, nid, 0, AC_VERB_SET_CHANNEL_STREAMID, 0);
+	if (q->format_id)
+		snd_hda_codec_write(codec, nid, 0, AC_VERB_SET_STREAM_FORMAT, 0
+);
+	memset(q, 0, sizeof(*q));
+	q->nid = nid;
+	if (codec->patch_ops.stream_pm)
+		codec->patch_ops.stream_pm(codec, nid, false);
+}
+
+/* clean up the all conflicting obsolete streams */
+static void purify_inactive_streams(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *c;
+	int i;
+
+	list_for_each_codec(c, codec->bus) {
+		for (i = 0; i < c->cvt_setups.used; i++) {
+			struct hda_cvt_setup *p;
+			p = snd_array_elem(&c->cvt_setups, i);
+			if (p->dirty)
+				really_cleanup_stream(c, p);
+		}
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+/* clean up all streams; called from suspend */
+static void hda_cleanup_all_streams(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->cvt_setups.used; i++) {
+		struct hda_cvt_setup *p = snd_array_elem(&codec->cvt_setups, i);
+		if (p->stream_tag)
+			really_cleanup_stream(codec, p);
+	}
+}
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * amp access functions
+ */
+
+/**
+ * query_amp_caps - query AMP capabilities
+ * @codec: the HD-auio codec
+ * @nid: the NID to query
+ * @direction: either #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ *
+ * Query AMP capabilities for the given widget and direction.
+ * Returns the obtained capability bits.
+ *
+ * When cap bits have been already read, this doesn't read again but
+ * returns the cached value.
+ */
+u32 query_amp_caps(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int direction)
+{
+	if (!(get_wcaps(codec, nid) & AC_WCAP_AMP_OVRD))
+		nid = codec->core.afg;
+	return snd_hda_param_read(codec, nid,
+				  direction == HDA_OUTPUT ?
+				  AC_PAR_AMP_OUT_CAP : AC_PAR_AMP_IN_CAP);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(query_amp_caps);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_check_amp_caps - query AMP capabilities
+ * @codec: the HD-audio codec
+ * @nid: the NID to query
+ * @dir: either #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ * @bits: bit mask to check the result
+ *
+ * Check whether the widget has the given amp capability for the direction.
+ */
+bool snd_hda_check_amp_caps(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+			   int dir, unsigned int bits)
+{
+	if (!nid)
+		return false;
+	if (get_wcaps(codec, nid) & (1 << (dir + 1)))
+		if (query_amp_caps(codec, nid, dir) & bits)
+			return true;
+	return false;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_check_amp_caps);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_override_amp_caps - Override the AMP capabilities
+ * @codec: the CODEC to clean up
+ * @nid: the NID to clean up
+ * @dir: either #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ * @caps: the capability bits to set
+ *
+ * Override the cached AMP caps bits value by the given one.
+ * This function is useful if the driver needs to adjust the AMP ranges,
+ * e.g. limit to 0dB, etc.
+ *
+ * Returns zero if successful or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_override_amp_caps(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int dir,
+			      unsigned int caps)
+{
+	unsigned int parm;
+
+	snd_hda_override_wcaps(codec, nid,
+			       get_wcaps(codec, nid) | AC_WCAP_AMP_OVRD);
+	parm = dir == HDA_OUTPUT ? AC_PAR_AMP_OUT_CAP : AC_PAR_AMP_IN_CAP;
+	return snd_hdac_override_parm(&codec->core, nid, parm, caps);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_override_amp_caps);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_amp_update - update the AMP mono value
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @nid: NID to read the AMP value
+ * @ch: channel to update (0 or 1)
+ * @dir: #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ * @idx: the index value (only for input direction)
+ * @mask: bit mask to set
+ * @val: the bits value to set
+ *
+ * Update the AMP values for the given channel, direction and index.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_amp_update(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+			     int ch, int dir, int idx, int mask, int val)
+{
+	unsigned int cmd = snd_hdac_regmap_encode_amp(nid, ch, dir, idx);
+
+	/* enable fake mute if no h/w mute but min=mute */
+	if ((query_amp_caps(codec, nid, dir) &
+	     (AC_AMPCAP_MUTE | AC_AMPCAP_MIN_MUTE)) == AC_AMPCAP_MIN_MUTE)
+		cmd |= AC_AMP_FAKE_MUTE;
+	return snd_hdac_regmap_update_raw(&codec->core, cmd, mask, val);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_amp_update);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_amp_stereo - update the AMP stereo values
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @nid: NID to read the AMP value
+ * @direction: #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ * @idx: the index value (only for input direction)
+ * @mask: bit mask to set
+ * @val: the bits value to set
+ *
+ * Update the AMP values like snd_hda_codec_amp_update(), but for a
+ * stereo widget with the same mask and value.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_amp_stereo(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+			     int direction, int idx, int mask, int val)
+{
+	int ch, ret = 0;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(mask & ~0xff))
+		mask &= 0xff;
+	for (ch = 0; ch < 2; ch++)
+		ret |= snd_hda_codec_amp_update(codec, nid, ch, direction,
+						idx, mask, val);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_amp_stereo);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_amp_init - initialize the AMP value
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to read the AMP value
+ * @ch: channel (left=0 or right=1)
+ * @dir: #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ * @idx: the index value (only for input direction)
+ * @mask: bit mask to set
+ * @val: the bits value to set
+ *
+ * Works like snd_hda_codec_amp_update() but it writes the value only at
+ * the first access.  If the amp was already initialized / updated beforehand,
+ * this does nothing.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_amp_init(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int ch,
+			   int dir, int idx, int mask, int val)
+{
+	int orig;
+
+	if (!codec->core.regmap)
+		return -EINVAL;
+	regcache_cache_only(codec->core.regmap, true);
+	orig = snd_hda_codec_amp_read(codec, nid, ch, dir, idx);
+	regcache_cache_only(codec->core.regmap, false);
+	if (orig >= 0)
+		return 0;
+	return snd_hda_codec_amp_update(codec, nid, ch, dir, idx, mask, val);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_amp_init);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_amp_init_stereo - initialize the stereo AMP value
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to read the AMP value
+ * @dir: #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ * @idx: the index value (only for input direction)
+ * @mask: bit mask to set
+ * @val: the bits value to set
+ *
+ * Call snd_hda_codec_amp_init() for both stereo channels.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_amp_init_stereo(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				  int dir, int idx, int mask, int val)
+{
+	int ch, ret = 0;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(mask & ~0xff))
+		mask &= 0xff;
+	for (ch = 0; ch < 2; ch++)
+		ret |= snd_hda_codec_amp_init(codec, nid, ch, dir,
+					      idx, mask, val);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_amp_init_stereo);
+
+static u32 get_amp_max_value(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int dir,
+			     unsigned int ofs)
+{
+	u32 caps = query_amp_caps(codec, nid, dir);
+	/* get num steps */
+	caps = (caps & AC_AMPCAP_NUM_STEPS) >> AC_AMPCAP_NUM_STEPS_SHIFT;
+	if (ofs < caps)
+		caps -= ofs;
+	return caps;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_info - Info callback for a standard AMP mixer
+ * @kcontrol: referred ctl element
+ * @uinfo: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL*() or related macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	u16 nid = get_amp_nid(kcontrol);
+	u8 chs = get_amp_channels(kcontrol);
+	int dir = get_amp_direction(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int ofs = get_amp_offset(kcontrol);
+
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_INTEGER;
+	uinfo->count = chs == 3 ? 2 : 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = get_amp_max_value(codec, nid, dir, ofs);
+	if (!uinfo->value.integer.max) {
+		codec_warn(codec,
+			   "num_steps = 0 for NID=0x%x (ctl = %s)\n",
+			   nid, kcontrol->id.name);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_info);
+
+
+static inline unsigned int
+read_amp_value(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+	       int ch, int dir, int idx, unsigned int ofs)
+{
+	unsigned int val;
+	val = snd_hda_codec_amp_read(codec, nid, ch, dir, idx);
+	val &= HDA_AMP_VOLMASK;
+	if (val >= ofs)
+		val -= ofs;
+	else
+		val = 0;
+	return val;
+}
+
+static inline int
+update_amp_value(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+		 int ch, int dir, int idx, unsigned int ofs,
+		 unsigned int val)
+{
+	unsigned int maxval;
+
+	if (val > 0)
+		val += ofs;
+	/* ofs = 0: raw max value */
+	maxval = get_amp_max_value(codec, nid, dir, 0);
+	if (val > maxval)
+		val = maxval;
+	return snd_hda_codec_amp_update(codec, nid, ch, dir, idx,
+					HDA_AMP_VOLMASK, val);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_get - Get callback for a standard AMP mixer volume
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL*() or related macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	hda_nid_t nid = get_amp_nid(kcontrol);
+	int chs = get_amp_channels(kcontrol);
+	int dir = get_amp_direction(kcontrol);
+	int idx = get_amp_index(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int ofs = get_amp_offset(kcontrol);
+	long *valp = ucontrol->value.integer.value;
+
+	if (chs & 1)
+		*valp++ = read_amp_value(codec, nid, 0, dir, idx, ofs);
+	if (chs & 2)
+		*valp = read_amp_value(codec, nid, 1, dir, idx, ofs);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_get);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_put - Put callback for a standard AMP mixer volume
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL*() or related macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	hda_nid_t nid = get_amp_nid(kcontrol);
+	int chs = get_amp_channels(kcontrol);
+	int dir = get_amp_direction(kcontrol);
+	int idx = get_amp_index(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int ofs = get_amp_offset(kcontrol);
+	long *valp = ucontrol->value.integer.value;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	if (chs & 1) {
+		change = update_amp_value(codec, nid, 0, dir, idx, ofs, *valp);
+		valp++;
+	}
+	if (chs & 2)
+		change |= update_amp_value(codec, nid, 1, dir, idx, ofs, *valp);
+	return change;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_put);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_put - TLV callback for a standard AMP mixer volume
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @op_flag: operation flag
+ * @size: byte size of input TLV
+ * @_tlv: TLV data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL*() or related macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_amp_tlv(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, int op_flag,
+			  unsigned int size, unsigned int __user *_tlv)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	hda_nid_t nid = get_amp_nid(kcontrol);
+	int dir = get_amp_direction(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int ofs = get_amp_offset(kcontrol);
+	bool min_mute = get_amp_min_mute(kcontrol);
+	u32 caps, val1, val2;
+
+	if (size < 4 * sizeof(unsigned int))
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	caps = query_amp_caps(codec, nid, dir);
+	val2 = (caps & AC_AMPCAP_STEP_SIZE) >> AC_AMPCAP_STEP_SIZE_SHIFT;
+	val2 = (val2 + 1) * 25;
+	val1 = -((caps & AC_AMPCAP_OFFSET) >> AC_AMPCAP_OFFSET_SHIFT);
+	val1 += ofs;
+	val1 = ((int)val1) * ((int)val2);
+	if (min_mute || (caps & AC_AMPCAP_MIN_MUTE))
+		val2 |= TLV_DB_SCALE_MUTE;
+	if (put_user(SNDRV_CTL_TLVT_DB_SCALE, _tlv))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (put_user(2 * sizeof(unsigned int), _tlv + 1))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (put_user(val1, _tlv + 2))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	if (put_user(val2, _tlv + 3))
+		return -EFAULT;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_amp_tlv);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_set_vmaster_tlv - Set TLV for a virtual master control
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @nid: NID of a reference widget
+ * @dir: #HDA_INPUT or #HDA_OUTPUT
+ * @tlv: TLV data to be stored, at least 4 elements
+ *
+ * Set (static) TLV data for a virtual master volume using the AMP caps
+ * obtained from the reference NID.
+ * The volume range is recalculated as if the max volume is 0dB.
+ */
+void snd_hda_set_vmaster_tlv(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid, int dir,
+			     unsigned int *tlv)
+{
+	u32 caps;
+	int nums, step;
+
+	caps = query_amp_caps(codec, nid, dir);
+	nums = (caps & AC_AMPCAP_NUM_STEPS) >> AC_AMPCAP_NUM_STEPS_SHIFT;
+	step = (caps & AC_AMPCAP_STEP_SIZE) >> AC_AMPCAP_STEP_SIZE_SHIFT;
+	step = (step + 1) * 25;
+	tlv[0] = SNDRV_CTL_TLVT_DB_SCALE;
+	tlv[1] = 2 * sizeof(unsigned int);
+	tlv[2] = -nums * step;
+	tlv[3] = step;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_set_vmaster_tlv);
+
+/* find a mixer control element with the given name */
+static struct snd_kcontrol *
+find_mixer_ctl(struct hda_codec *codec, const char *name, int dev, int idx)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_id id;
+	memset(&id, 0, sizeof(id));
+	id.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER;
+	id.device = dev;
+	id.index = idx;
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(strlen(name) >= sizeof(id.name)))
+		return NULL;
+	strcpy(id.name, name);
+	return snd_ctl_find_id(codec->card, &id);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_find_mixer_ctl - Find a mixer control element with the given name
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @name: ctl id name string
+ *
+ * Get the control element with the given id string and IFACE_MIXER.
+ */
+struct snd_kcontrol *snd_hda_find_mixer_ctl(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					    const char *name)
+{
+	return find_mixer_ctl(codec, name, 0, 0);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_find_mixer_ctl);
+
+static int find_empty_mixer_ctl_idx(struct hda_codec *codec, const char *name,
+				    int start_idx)
+{
+	int i, idx;
+	/* 16 ctlrs should be large enough */
+	for (i = 0, idx = start_idx; i < 16; i++, idx++) {
+		if (!find_mixer_ctl(codec, name, 0, idx))
+			return idx;
+	}
+	return -EBUSY;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_ctl_add - Add a control element and assign to the codec
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @nid: corresponding NID (optional)
+ * @kctl: the control element to assign
+ *
+ * Add the given control element to an array inside the codec instance.
+ * All control elements belonging to a codec are supposed to be added
+ * by this function so that a proper clean-up works at the free or
+ * reconfiguration time.
+ *
+ * If non-zero @nid is passed, the NID is assigned to the control element.
+ * The assignment is shown in the codec proc file.
+ *
+ * snd_hda_ctl_add() checks the control subdev id field whether
+ * #HDA_SUBDEV_NID_FLAG bit is set.  If set (and @nid is zero), the lower
+ * bits value is taken as the NID to assign. The #HDA_NID_ITEM_AMP bit
+ * specifies if kctl->private_value is a HDA amplifier value.
+ */
+int snd_hda_ctl_add(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+		    struct snd_kcontrol *kctl)
+{
+	int err;
+	unsigned short flags = 0;
+	struct hda_nid_item *item;
+
+	if (kctl->id.subdevice & HDA_SUBDEV_AMP_FLAG) {
+		flags |= HDA_NID_ITEM_AMP;
+		if (nid == 0)
+			nid = get_amp_nid_(kctl->private_value);
+	}
+	if ((kctl->id.subdevice & HDA_SUBDEV_NID_FLAG) != 0 && nid == 0)
+		nid = kctl->id.subdevice & 0xffff;
+	if (kctl->id.subdevice & (HDA_SUBDEV_NID_FLAG|HDA_SUBDEV_AMP_FLAG))
+		kctl->id.subdevice = 0;
+	err = snd_ctl_add(codec->card, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+	item = snd_array_new(&codec->mixers);
+	if (!item)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	item->kctl = kctl;
+	item->nid = nid;
+	item->flags = flags;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_ctl_add);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_add_nid - Assign a NID to a control element
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @nid: corresponding NID (optional)
+ * @kctl: the control element to assign
+ * @index: index to kctl
+ *
+ * Add the given control element to an array inside the codec instance.
+ * This function is used when #snd_hda_ctl_add cannot be used for 1:1
+ * NID:KCTL mapping - for example "Capture Source" selector.
+ */
+int snd_hda_add_nid(struct hda_codec *codec, struct snd_kcontrol *kctl,
+		    unsigned int index, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	struct hda_nid_item *item;
+
+	if (nid > 0) {
+		item = snd_array_new(&codec->nids);
+		if (!item)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		item->kctl = kctl;
+		item->index = index;
+		item->nid = nid;
+		return 0;
+	}
+	codec_err(codec, "no NID for mapping control %s:%d:%d\n",
+		  kctl->id.name, kctl->id.index, index);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_add_nid);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_ctls_clear - Clear all controls assigned to the given codec
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ */
+void snd_hda_ctls_clear(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	int i;
+	struct hda_nid_item *items = codec->mixers.list;
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->mixers.used; i++)
+		snd_ctl_remove(codec->card, items[i].kctl);
+	snd_array_free(&codec->mixers);
+	snd_array_free(&codec->nids);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_lock_devices - pseudo device locking
+ * @bus: the BUS
+ *
+ * toggle card->shutdown to allow/disallow the device access (as a hack)
+ */
+int snd_hda_lock_devices(struct hda_bus *bus)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = bus->card;
+	struct hda_codec *codec;
+
+	spin_lock(&card->files_lock);
+	if (card->shutdown)
+		goto err_unlock;
+	card->shutdown = 1;
+	if (!list_empty(&card->ctl_files))
+		goto err_clear;
+
+	list_for_each_codec(codec, bus) {
+		struct hda_pcm *cpcm;
+		list_for_each_entry(cpcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
+			if (!cpcm->pcm)
+				continue;
+			if (cpcm->pcm->streams[0].substream_opened ||
+			    cpcm->pcm->streams[1].substream_opened)
+				goto err_clear;
+		}
+	}
+	spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);
+	return 0;
+
+ err_clear:
+	card->shutdown = 0;
+ err_unlock:
+	spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);
+	return -EINVAL;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_lock_devices);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_unlock_devices - pseudo device unlocking
+ * @bus: the BUS
+ */
+void snd_hda_unlock_devices(struct hda_bus *bus)
+{
+	struct snd_card *card = bus->card;
+
+	spin_lock(&card->files_lock);
+	card->shutdown = 0;
+	spin_unlock(&card->files_lock);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_unlock_devices);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_reset - Clear all objects assigned to the codec
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ *
+ * This frees the all PCM and control elements assigned to the codec, and
+ * clears the caches and restores the pin default configurations.
+ *
+ * When a device is being used, it returns -EBSY.  If successfully freed,
+ * returns zero.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_reset(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	struct hda_bus *bus = codec->bus;
+
+	if (snd_hda_lock_devices(bus) < 0)
+		return -EBUSY;
+
+	/* OK, let it free */
+	snd_hdac_device_unregister(&codec->core);
+
+	/* allow device access again */
+	snd_hda_unlock_devices(bus);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+typedef int (*map_slave_func_t)(struct hda_codec *, void *, struct snd_kcontrol *);
+
+/* apply the function to all matching slave ctls in the mixer list */
+static int map_slaves(struct hda_codec *codec, const char * const *slaves,
+		      const char *suffix, map_slave_func_t func, void *data) 
+{
+	struct hda_nid_item *items;
+	const char * const *s;
+	int i, err;
+
+	items = codec->mixers.list;
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->mixers.used; i++) {
+		struct snd_kcontrol *sctl = items[i].kctl;
+		if (!sctl || sctl->id.iface != SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER)
+			continue;
+		for (s = slaves; *s; s++) {
+			char tmpname[sizeof(sctl->id.name)];
+			const char *name = *s;
+			if (suffix) {
+				snprintf(tmpname, sizeof(tmpname), "%s %s",
+					 name, suffix);
+				name = tmpname;
+			}
+			if (!strcmp(sctl->id.name, name)) {
+				err = func(codec, data, sctl);
+				if (err)
+					return err;
+				break;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int check_slave_present(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			       void *data, struct snd_kcontrol *sctl)
+{
+	return 1;
+}
+
+/* guess the value corresponding to 0dB */
+static int get_kctl_0dB_offset(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			       struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, int *step_to_check)
+{
+	int _tlv[4];
+	const int *tlv = NULL;
+	int val = -1;
+
+	if (kctl->vd[0].access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_CALLBACK) {
+		/* FIXME: set_fs() hack for obtaining user-space TLV data */
+		mm_segment_t fs = get_fs();
+		set_fs(get_ds());
+		if (!kctl->tlv.c(kctl, 0, sizeof(_tlv), _tlv))
+			tlv = _tlv;
+		set_fs(fs);
+	} else if (kctl->vd[0].access & SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_TLV_READ)
+		tlv = kctl->tlv.p;
+	if (tlv && tlv[0] == SNDRV_CTL_TLVT_DB_SCALE) {
+		int step = tlv[3];
+		step &= ~TLV_DB_SCALE_MUTE;
+		if (!step)
+			return -1;
+		if (*step_to_check && *step_to_check != step) {
+			codec_err(codec, "Mismatching dB step for vmaster slave (%d!=%d)\n",
+-				   *step_to_check, step);
+			return -1;
+		}
+		*step_to_check = step;
+		val = -tlv[2] / step;
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
+/* call kctl->put with the given value(s) */
+static int put_kctl_with_value(struct snd_kcontrol *kctl, int val)
+{
+	struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol;
+	ucontrol = kzalloc(sizeof(*ucontrol), GFP_KERNEL);
+	if (!ucontrol)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = val;
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[1] = val;
+	kctl->put(kctl, ucontrol);
+	kfree(ucontrol);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* initialize the slave volume with 0dB */
+static int init_slave_0dB(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			  void *data, struct snd_kcontrol *slave)
+{
+	int offset = get_kctl_0dB_offset(codec, slave, data);
+	if (offset > 0)
+		put_kctl_with_value(slave, offset);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* unmute the slave */
+static int init_slave_unmute(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			     void *data, struct snd_kcontrol *slave)
+{
+	return put_kctl_with_value(slave, 1);
+}
+
+static int add_slave(struct hda_codec *codec,
+		     void *data, struct snd_kcontrol *slave)
+{
+	return snd_ctl_add_slave(data, slave);
+}
+
+/**
+ * __snd_hda_add_vmaster - create a virtual master control and add slaves
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @name: vmaster control name
+ * @tlv: TLV data (optional)
+ * @slaves: slave control names (optional)
+ * @suffix: suffix string to each slave name (optional)
+ * @init_slave_vol: initialize slaves to unmute/0dB
+ * @ctl_ret: store the vmaster kcontrol in return
+ *
+ * Create a virtual master control with the given name.  The TLV data
+ * must be either NULL or a valid data.
+ *
+ * @slaves is a NULL-terminated array of strings, each of which is a
+ * slave control name.  All controls with these names are assigned to
+ * the new virtual master control.
+ *
+ * This function returns zero if successful or a negative error code.
+ */
+int __snd_hda_add_vmaster(struct hda_codec *codec, char *name,
+			unsigned int *tlv, const char * const *slaves,
+			  const char *suffix, bool init_slave_vol,
+			  struct snd_kcontrol **ctl_ret)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	int err;
+
+	if (ctl_ret)
+		*ctl_ret = NULL;
+
+	err = map_slaves(codec, slaves, suffix, check_slave_present, NULL);
+	if (err != 1) {
+		codec_dbg(codec, "No slave found for %s\n", name);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	kctl = snd_ctl_make_virtual_master(name, tlv);
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	err = snd_hda_ctl_add(codec, 0, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	err = map_slaves(codec, slaves, suffix, add_slave, kctl);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* init with master mute & zero volume */
+	put_kctl_with_value(kctl, 0);
+	if (init_slave_vol) {
+		int step = 0;
+		map_slaves(codec, slaves, suffix,
+			   tlv ? init_slave_0dB : init_slave_unmute, &step);
+	}
+
+	if (ctl_ret)
+		*ctl_ret = kctl;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(__snd_hda_add_vmaster);
+
+/*
+ * mute-LED control using vmaster
+ */
+static int vmaster_mute_mode_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	static const char * const texts[] = {
+		"On", "Off", "Follow Master"
+	};
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, 3, texts);
+}
+
+static int vmaster_mute_mode_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_vmaster_mute_hook *hook = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0] = hook->mute_mode;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int vmaster_mute_mode_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_vmaster_mute_hook *hook = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned int old_mode = hook->mute_mode;
+
+	hook->mute_mode = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (hook->mute_mode > HDA_VMUTE_FOLLOW_MASTER)
+		hook->mute_mode = HDA_VMUTE_FOLLOW_MASTER;
+	if (old_mode == hook->mute_mode)
+		return 0;
+	snd_hda_sync_vmaster_hook(hook);
+	return 1;
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol_new vmaster_mute_mode = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "Mute-LED Mode",
+	.info = vmaster_mute_mode_info,
+	.get = vmaster_mute_mode_get,
+	.put = vmaster_mute_mode_put,
+};
+
+/* meta hook to call each driver's vmaster hook */
+static void vmaster_hook(void *private_data, int enabled)
+{
+	struct hda_vmaster_mute_hook *hook = private_data;
+
+	if (hook->mute_mode != HDA_VMUTE_FOLLOW_MASTER)
+		enabled = hook->mute_mode;
+	hook->hook(hook->codec, enabled);
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_add_vmaster_hook - Add a vmaster hook for mute-LED
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @hook: the vmaster hook object
+ * @expose_enum_ctl: flag to create an enum ctl
+ *
+ * Add a mute-LED hook with the given vmaster switch kctl.
+ * When @expose_enum_ctl is set, "Mute-LED Mode" control is automatically
+ * created and associated with the given hook.
+ */
+int snd_hda_add_vmaster_hook(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			     struct hda_vmaster_mute_hook *hook,
+			     bool expose_enum_ctl)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+
+	if (!hook->hook || !hook->sw_kctl)
+		return 0;
+	hook->codec = codec;
+	hook->mute_mode = HDA_VMUTE_FOLLOW_MASTER;
+	snd_ctl_add_vmaster_hook(hook->sw_kctl, vmaster_hook, hook);
+	if (!expose_enum_ctl)
+		return 0;
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&vmaster_mute_mode, hook);
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	return snd_hda_ctl_add(codec, 0, kctl);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_add_vmaster_hook);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_sync_vmaster_hook - Sync vmaster hook
+ * @hook: the vmaster hook
+ *
+ * Call the hook with the current value for synchronization.
+ * Should be called in init callback.
+ */
+void snd_hda_sync_vmaster_hook(struct hda_vmaster_mute_hook *hook)
+{
+	if (!hook->hook || !hook->codec)
+		return;
+	/* don't call vmaster hook in the destructor since it might have
+	 * been already destroyed
+	 */
+	if (hook->codec->bus->shutdown)
+		return;
+	snd_ctl_sync_vmaster_hook(hook->sw_kctl);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_sync_vmaster_hook);
+
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_info - Info callback for a standard AMP mixer switch
+ * @kcontrol: referred ctl element
+ * @uinfo: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL*() or related macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	int chs = get_amp_channels(kcontrol);
+
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_BOOLEAN;
+	uinfo->count = chs == 3 ? 2 : 1;
+	uinfo->value.integer.min = 0;
+	uinfo->value.integer.max = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_info);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_get - Get callback for a standard AMP mixer switch
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL*() or related macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	hda_nid_t nid = get_amp_nid(kcontrol);
+	int chs = get_amp_channels(kcontrol);
+	int dir = get_amp_direction(kcontrol);
+	int idx = get_amp_index(kcontrol);
+	long *valp = ucontrol->value.integer.value;
+
+	if (chs & 1)
+		*valp++ = (snd_hda_codec_amp_read(codec, nid, 0, dir, idx) &
+			   HDA_AMP_MUTE) ? 0 : 1;
+	if (chs & 2)
+		*valp = (snd_hda_codec_amp_read(codec, nid, 1, dir, idx) &
+			 HDA_AMP_MUTE) ? 0 : 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_get);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_put - Put callback for a standard AMP mixer switch
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_COMPOSE_AMP_VAL*() or related macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	hda_nid_t nid = get_amp_nid(kcontrol);
+	int chs = get_amp_channels(kcontrol);
+	int dir = get_amp_direction(kcontrol);
+	int idx = get_amp_index(kcontrol);
+	long *valp = ucontrol->value.integer.value;
+	int change = 0;
+
+	if (chs & 1) {
+		change = snd_hda_codec_amp_update(codec, nid, 0, dir, idx,
+						  HDA_AMP_MUTE,
+						  *valp ? 0 : HDA_AMP_MUTE);
+		valp++;
+	}
+	if (chs & 2)
+		change |= snd_hda_codec_amp_update(codec, nid, 1, dir, idx,
+						   HDA_AMP_MUTE,
+						   *valp ? 0 : HDA_AMP_MUTE);
+	hda_call_check_power_status(codec, nid);
+	return change;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_put);
+
+/*
+ * bound volume controls
+ *
+ * bind multiple volumes (# indices, from 0)
+ */
+
+#define AMP_VAL_IDX_SHIFT	19
+#define AMP_VAL_IDX_MASK	(0x0f<<19)
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_bind_switch_get - Get callback for a bound volume control
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_BIND_MUTE*() macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_bind_switch_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned long pval;
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	pval = kcontrol->private_value;
+	kcontrol->private_value = pval & ~AMP_VAL_IDX_MASK; /* index 0 */
+	err = snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_get(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+	kcontrol->private_value = pval;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_bind_switch_get);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_bind_switch_put - Put callback for a bound volume control
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_BIND_MUTE*() macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_bind_switch_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	unsigned long pval;
+	int i, indices, err = 0, change = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	pval = kcontrol->private_value;
+	indices = (pval & AMP_VAL_IDX_MASK) >> AMP_VAL_IDX_SHIFT;
+	for (i = 0; i < indices; i++) {
+		kcontrol->private_value = (pval & ~AMP_VAL_IDX_MASK) |
+			(i << AMP_VAL_IDX_SHIFT);
+		err = snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_put(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+		if (err < 0)
+			break;
+		change |= err;
+	}
+	kcontrol->private_value = pval;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	return err < 0 ? err : change;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_bind_switch_put);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_info - Info callback for a generic bound control
+ * @kcontrol: referred ctl element
+ * @uinfo: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_BIND_VOL() or HDA_BIND_SW() macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				 struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct hda_bind_ctls *c;
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	c = (struct hda_bind_ctls *)kcontrol->private_value;
+	kcontrol->private_value = *c->values;
+	err = c->ops->info(kcontrol, uinfo);
+	kcontrol->private_value = (long)c;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_info);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_get - Get callback for a generic bound control
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_BIND_VOL() or HDA_BIND_SW() macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct hda_bind_ctls *c;
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	c = (struct hda_bind_ctls *)kcontrol->private_value;
+	kcontrol->private_value = *c->values;
+	err = c->ops->get(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+	kcontrol->private_value = (long)c;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_get);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_put - Put callback for a generic bound control
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_BIND_VOL() or HDA_BIND_SW() macros.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct hda_bind_ctls *c;
+	unsigned long *vals;
+	int err = 0, change = 0;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	c = (struct hda_bind_ctls *)kcontrol->private_value;
+	for (vals = c->values; *vals; vals++) {
+		kcontrol->private_value = *vals;
+		err = c->ops->put(kcontrol, ucontrol);
+		if (err < 0)
+			break;
+		change |= err;
+	}
+	kcontrol->private_value = (long)c;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	return err < 0 ? err : change;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_bind_ctls_put);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_mixer_bind_tlv - TLV callback for a generic bound control
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @op_flag: operation flag
+ * @size: byte size of input TLV
+ * @tlv: TLV data
+ *
+ * The control element is supposed to have the private_value field
+ * set up via HDA_BIND_VOL() macro.
+ */
+int snd_hda_mixer_bind_tlv(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol, int op_flag,
+			   unsigned int size, unsigned int __user *tlv)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	struct hda_bind_ctls *c;
+	int err;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	c = (struct hda_bind_ctls *)kcontrol->private_value;
+	kcontrol->private_value = *c->values;
+	err = c->ops->tlv(kcontrol, op_flag, size, tlv);
+	kcontrol->private_value = (long)c;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->control_mutex);
+	return err;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_mixer_bind_tlv);
+
+struct hda_ctl_ops snd_hda_bind_vol = {
+	.info = snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_info,
+	.get = snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_get,
+	.put = snd_hda_mixer_amp_volume_put,
+	.tlv = snd_hda_mixer_amp_tlv
+};
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_bind_vol);
+
+struct hda_ctl_ops snd_hda_bind_sw = {
+	.info = snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_info,
+	.get = snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_get,
+	.put = snd_hda_mixer_amp_switch_put,
+	.tlv = snd_hda_mixer_amp_tlv
+};
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_bind_sw);
+
+/*
+ * SPDIF out controls
+ */
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_mask_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_IEC958;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_cmask_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL |
+					   IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO |
+					   IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_5015 |
+					   IEC958_AES0_CON_NOT_COPYRIGHT;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = IEC958_AES1_CON_CATEGORY |
+					   IEC958_AES1_CON_ORIGINAL;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_pmask_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				   struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL |
+					   IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO |
+					   IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS_5015;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_default_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int idx = kcontrol->private_value;
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	spdif = snd_array_elem(&codec->spdif_out, idx);
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = spdif->status & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = (spdif->status >> 8) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] = (spdif->status >> 16) & 0xff;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] = (spdif->status >> 24) & 0xff;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* convert from SPDIF status bits to HDA SPDIF bits
+ * bit 0 (DigEn) is always set zero (to be filled later)
+ */
+static unsigned short convert_from_spdif_status(unsigned int sbits)
+{
+	unsigned short val = 0;
+
+	if (sbits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL)
+		val |= AC_DIG1_PROFESSIONAL;
+	if (sbits & IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO)
+		val |= AC_DIG1_NONAUDIO;
+	if (sbits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL) {
+		if ((sbits & IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS) ==
+		    IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS_5015)
+			val |= AC_DIG1_EMPHASIS;
+	} else {
+		if ((sbits & IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS) ==
+		    IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_5015)
+			val |= AC_DIG1_EMPHASIS;
+		if (!(sbits & IEC958_AES0_CON_NOT_COPYRIGHT))
+			val |= AC_DIG1_COPYRIGHT;
+		if (sbits & (IEC958_AES1_CON_ORIGINAL << 8))
+			val |= AC_DIG1_LEVEL;
+		val |= sbits & (IEC958_AES1_CON_CATEGORY << 8);
+	}
+	return val;
+}
+
+/* convert to SPDIF status bits from HDA SPDIF bits
+ */
+static unsigned int convert_to_spdif_status(unsigned short val)
+{
+	unsigned int sbits = 0;
+
+	if (val & AC_DIG1_NONAUDIO)
+		sbits |= IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO;
+	if (val & AC_DIG1_PROFESSIONAL)
+		sbits |= IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL;
+	if (sbits & IEC958_AES0_PROFESSIONAL) {
+		if (val & AC_DIG1_EMPHASIS)
+			sbits |= IEC958_AES0_PRO_EMPHASIS_5015;
+	} else {
+		if (val & AC_DIG1_EMPHASIS)
+			sbits |= IEC958_AES0_CON_EMPHASIS_5015;
+		if (!(val & AC_DIG1_COPYRIGHT))
+			sbits |= IEC958_AES0_CON_NOT_COPYRIGHT;
+		if (val & AC_DIG1_LEVEL)
+			sbits |= (IEC958_AES1_CON_ORIGINAL << 8);
+		sbits |= val & (0x7f << 8);
+	}
+	return sbits;
+}
+
+/* set digital convert verbs both for the given NID and its slaves */
+static void set_dig_out(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+			int mask, int val)
+{
+	const hda_nid_t *d;
+
+	snd_hdac_regmap_update(&codec->core, nid, AC_VERB_SET_DIGI_CONVERT_1,
+			       mask, val);
+	d = codec->slave_dig_outs;
+	if (!d)
+		return;
+	for (; *d; d++)
+		snd_hdac_regmap_update(&codec->core, *d,
+				       AC_VERB_SET_DIGI_CONVERT_1, mask, val);
+}
+
+static inline void set_dig_out_convert(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				       int dig1, int dig2)
+{
+	unsigned int mask = 0;
+	unsigned int val = 0;
+
+	if (dig1 != -1) {
+		mask |= 0xff;
+		val = dig1;
+	}
+	if (dig2 != -1) {
+		mask |= 0xff00;
+		val |= dig2 << 8;
+	}
+	set_dig_out(codec, nid, mask, val);
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_default_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				     struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int idx = kcontrol->private_value;
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+	unsigned short val;
+	int change;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	spdif = snd_array_elem(&codec->spdif_out, idx);
+	nid = spdif->nid;
+	spdif->status = ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] |
+		((unsigned int)ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] << 8) |
+		((unsigned int)ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] << 16) |
+		((unsigned int)ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] << 24);
+	val = convert_from_spdif_status(spdif->status);
+	val |= spdif->ctls & 1;
+	change = spdif->ctls != val;
+	spdif->ctls = val;
+	if (change && nid != (u16)-1)
+		set_dig_out_convert(codec, nid, val & 0xff, (val >> 8) & 0xff);
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return change;
+}
+
+#define snd_hda_spdif_out_switch_info	snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_out_switch_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int idx = kcontrol->private_value;
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	spdif = snd_array_elem(&codec->spdif_out, idx);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = spdif->ctls & AC_DIG1_ENABLE;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static inline void set_spdif_ctls(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				  int dig1, int dig2)
+{
+	set_dig_out_convert(codec, nid, dig1, dig2);
+	/* unmute amp switch (if any) */
+	if ((get_wcaps(codec, nid) & AC_WCAP_OUT_AMP) &&
+	    (dig1 & AC_DIG1_ENABLE))
+		snd_hda_codec_amp_stereo(codec, nid, HDA_OUTPUT, 0,
+					    HDA_AMP_MUTE, 0);
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_out_switch_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+					struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	int idx = kcontrol->private_value;
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+	unsigned short val;
+	int change;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	spdif = snd_array_elem(&codec->spdif_out, idx);
+	nid = spdif->nid;
+	val = spdif->ctls & ~AC_DIG1_ENABLE;
+	if (ucontrol->value.integer.value[0])
+		val |= AC_DIG1_ENABLE;
+	change = spdif->ctls != val;
+	spdif->ctls = val;
+	if (change && nid != (u16)-1)
+		set_spdif_ctls(codec, nid, val & 0xff, -1);
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol_new dig_mixes[] = {
+	{
+		.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, CON_MASK),
+		.info = snd_hda_spdif_mask_info,
+		.get = snd_hda_spdif_cmask_get,
+	},
+	{
+		.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, PRO_MASK),
+		.info = snd_hda_spdif_mask_info,
+		.get = snd_hda_spdif_pmask_get,
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, DEFAULT),
+		.info = snd_hda_spdif_mask_info,
+		.get = snd_hda_spdif_default_get,
+		.put = snd_hda_spdif_default_put,
+	},
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", PLAYBACK, SWITCH),
+		.info = snd_hda_spdif_out_switch_info,
+		.get = snd_hda_spdif_out_switch_get,
+		.put = snd_hda_spdif_out_switch_put,
+	},
+	{ } /* end */
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_create_dig_out_ctls - create Output SPDIF-related controls
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @associated_nid: NID that new ctls associated with
+ * @cvt_nid: converter NID
+ * @type: HDA_PCM_TYPE_*
+ * Creates controls related with the digital output.
+ * Called from each patch supporting the digital out.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_create_dig_out_ctls(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				hda_nid_t associated_nid,
+				hda_nid_t cvt_nid,
+				int type)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	struct snd_kcontrol_new *dig_mix;
+	int idx = 0;
+	int val = 0;
+	const int spdif_index = 16;
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+	struct hda_bus *bus = codec->bus;
+
+	if (bus->primary_dig_out_type == HDA_PCM_TYPE_HDMI &&
+	    type == HDA_PCM_TYPE_SPDIF) {
+		idx = spdif_index;
+	} else if (bus->primary_dig_out_type == HDA_PCM_TYPE_SPDIF &&
+		   type == HDA_PCM_TYPE_HDMI) {
+		/* suppose a single SPDIF device */
+		for (dig_mix = dig_mixes; dig_mix->name; dig_mix++) {
+			kctl = find_mixer_ctl(codec, dig_mix->name, 0, 0);
+			if (!kctl)
+				break;
+			kctl->id.index = spdif_index;
+		}
+		bus->primary_dig_out_type = HDA_PCM_TYPE_HDMI;
+	}
+	if (!bus->primary_dig_out_type)
+		bus->primary_dig_out_type = type;
+
+	idx = find_empty_mixer_ctl_idx(codec, "IEC958 Playback Switch", idx);
+	if (idx < 0) {
+		codec_err(codec, "too many IEC958 outputs\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	spdif = snd_array_new(&codec->spdif_out);
+	if (!spdif)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	for (dig_mix = dig_mixes; dig_mix->name; dig_mix++) {
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(dig_mix, codec);
+		if (!kctl)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		kctl->id.index = idx;
+		kctl->private_value = codec->spdif_out.used - 1;
+		err = snd_hda_ctl_add(codec, associated_nid, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	spdif->nid = cvt_nid;
+	snd_hdac_regmap_read(&codec->core, cvt_nid,
+			     AC_VERB_GET_DIGI_CONVERT_1, &val);
+	spdif->ctls = val;
+	spdif->status = convert_to_spdif_status(spdif->ctls);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_create_dig_out_ctls);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_spdif_out_of_nid - get the hda_spdif_out entry from the given NID
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: widget NID
+ *
+ * call within spdif_mutex lock
+ */
+struct hda_spdif_out *snd_hda_spdif_out_of_nid(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					       hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	int i;
+	for (i = 0; i < codec->spdif_out.used; i++) {
+		struct hda_spdif_out *spdif =
+				snd_array_elem(&codec->spdif_out, i);
+		if (spdif->nid == nid)
+			return spdif;
+	}
+	return NULL;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_spdif_out_of_nid);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_spdif_ctls_unassign - Unassign the given SPDIF ctl
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @idx: the SPDIF ctl index
+ *
+ * Unassign the widget from the given SPDIF control.
+ */
+void snd_hda_spdif_ctls_unassign(struct hda_codec *codec, int idx)
+{
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	spdif = snd_array_elem(&codec->spdif_out, idx);
+	spdif->nid = (u16)-1;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_spdif_ctls_unassign);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_spdif_ctls_assign - Assign the SPDIF controls to the given NID
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @idx: the SPDIF ctl idx
+ * @nid: widget NID
+ *
+ * Assign the widget to the SPDIF control with the given index.
+ */
+void snd_hda_spdif_ctls_assign(struct hda_codec *codec, int idx, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+	unsigned short val;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	spdif = snd_array_elem(&codec->spdif_out, idx);
+	if (spdif->nid != nid) {
+		spdif->nid = nid;
+		val = spdif->ctls;
+		set_spdif_ctls(codec, nid, val & 0xff, (val >> 8) & 0xff);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_spdif_ctls_assign);
+
+/*
+ * SPDIF sharing with analog output
+ */
+static int spdif_share_sw_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_multi_out *mout = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = mout->share_spdif;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int spdif_share_sw_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			      struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_multi_out *mout = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	mout->share_spdif = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol_new spdif_share_sw = {
+	.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+	.name = "IEC958 Default PCM Playback Switch",
+	.info = snd_ctl_boolean_mono_info,
+	.get = spdif_share_sw_get,
+	.put = spdif_share_sw_put,
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_create_spdif_share_sw - create Default PCM switch
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: multi-out instance
+ */
+int snd_hda_create_spdif_share_sw(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				  struct hda_multi_out *mout)
+{
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+
+	if (!mout->dig_out_nid)
+		return 0;
+
+	kctl = snd_ctl_new1(&spdif_share_sw, mout);
+	if (!kctl)
+		return -ENOMEM;
+	/* ATTENTION: here mout is passed as private_data, instead of codec */
+	return snd_hda_ctl_add(codec, mout->dig_out_nid, kctl);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_create_spdif_share_sw);
+
+/*
+ * SPDIF input
+ */
+
+#define snd_hda_spdif_in_switch_info	snd_hda_spdif_out_switch_info
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_in_switch_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+
+	ucontrol->value.integer.value[0] = codec->spdif_in_enable;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_in_switch_put(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	hda_nid_t nid = kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned int val = !!ucontrol->value.integer.value[0];
+	int change;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	change = codec->spdif_in_enable != val;
+	if (change) {
+		codec->spdif_in_enable = val;
+		snd_hdac_regmap_write(&codec->core, nid,
+				      AC_VERB_SET_DIGI_CONVERT_1, val);
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return change;
+}
+
+static int snd_hda_spdif_in_status_get(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+				       struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = snd_kcontrol_chip(kcontrol);
+	hda_nid_t nid = kcontrol->private_value;
+	unsigned int val;
+	unsigned int sbits;
+
+	snd_hdac_regmap_read(&codec->core, nid,
+			     AC_VERB_GET_DIGI_CONVERT_1, &val);
+	sbits = convert_to_spdif_status(val);
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[0] = sbits;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[1] = sbits >> 8;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[2] = sbits >> 16;
+	ucontrol->value.iec958.status[3] = sbits >> 24;
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static struct snd_kcontrol_new dig_in_ctls[] = {
+	{
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", CAPTURE, SWITCH),
+		.info = snd_hda_spdif_in_switch_info,
+		.get = snd_hda_spdif_in_switch_get,
+		.put = snd_hda_spdif_in_switch_put,
+	},
+	{
+		.access = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_ACCESS_READ,
+		.iface = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_IFACE_MIXER,
+		.name = SNDRV_CTL_NAME_IEC958("", CAPTURE, DEFAULT),
+		.info = snd_hda_spdif_mask_info,
+		.get = snd_hda_spdif_in_status_get,
+	},
+	{ } /* end */
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_create_spdif_in_ctls - create Input SPDIF-related controls
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: audio in widget NID
+ *
+ * Creates controls related with the SPDIF input.
+ * Called from each patch supporting the SPDIF in.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_create_spdif_in_ctls(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	int err;
+	struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+	struct snd_kcontrol_new *dig_mix;
+	int idx;
+
+	idx = find_empty_mixer_ctl_idx(codec, "IEC958 Capture Switch", 0);
+	if (idx < 0) {
+		codec_err(codec, "too many IEC958 inputs\n");
+		return -EBUSY;
+	}
+	for (dig_mix = dig_in_ctls; dig_mix->name; dig_mix++) {
+		kctl = snd_ctl_new1(dig_mix, codec);
+		if (!kctl)
+			return -ENOMEM;
+		kctl->private_value = nid;
+		err = snd_hda_ctl_add(codec, nid, kctl);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	codec->spdif_in_enable =
+		snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0,
+				   AC_VERB_GET_DIGI_CONVERT_1, 0) &
+		AC_DIG1_ENABLE;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_create_spdif_in_ctls);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_set_power_to_all - Set the power state to all widgets
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @fg: function group (not used now)
+ * @power_state: the power state to set (AC_PWRST_*)
+ *
+ * Set the given power state to all widgets that have the power control.
+ * If the codec has power_filter set, it evaluates the power state and
+ * filter out if it's unchanged as D3.
+ */
+void snd_hda_codec_set_power_to_all(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t fg,
+				    unsigned int power_state)
+{
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+
+	for_each_hda_codec_node(nid, codec) {
+		unsigned int wcaps = get_wcaps(codec, nid);
+		unsigned int state = power_state;
+		if (!(wcaps & AC_WCAP_POWER))
+			continue;
+		if (codec->power_filter) {
+			state = codec->power_filter(codec, nid, power_state);
+			if (state != power_state && power_state == AC_PWRST_D3)
+				continue;
+		}
+		snd_hda_codec_write(codec, nid, 0, AC_VERB_SET_POWER_STATE,
+				    state);
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_set_power_to_all);
+
+/*
+ * wait until the state is reached, returns the current state
+ */
+static unsigned int hda_sync_power_state(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					 hda_nid_t fg,
+					 unsigned int power_state)
+{
+	unsigned long end_time = jiffies + msecs_to_jiffies(500);
+	unsigned int state, actual_state;
+
+	for (;;) {
+		state = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, fg, 0,
+					   AC_VERB_GET_POWER_STATE, 0);
+		if (state & AC_PWRST_ERROR)
+			break;
+		actual_state = (state >> 4) & 0x0f;
+		if (actual_state == power_state)
+			break;
+		if (time_after_eq(jiffies, end_time))
+			break;
+		/* wait until the codec reachs to the target state */
+		msleep(1);
+	}
+	return state;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_eapd_power_filter - A power filter callback for EAPD
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: widget NID
+ * @power_state: power state to evalue
+ *
+ * Don't power down the widget if it controls eapd and EAPD_BTLENABLE is set.
+ * This can be used a codec power_filter callback.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hda_codec_eapd_power_filter(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					     hda_nid_t nid,
+					     unsigned int power_state)
+{
+	if (nid == codec->core.afg || nid == codec->core.mfg)
+		return power_state;
+	if (power_state == AC_PWRST_D3 &&
+	    get_wcaps_type(get_wcaps(codec, nid)) == AC_WID_PIN &&
+	    (snd_hda_query_pin_caps(codec, nid) & AC_PINCAP_EAPD)) {
+		int eapd = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0,
+					      AC_VERB_GET_EAPD_BTLENABLE, 0);
+		if (eapd & 0x02)
+			return AC_PWRST_D0;
+	}
+	return power_state;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_eapd_power_filter);
+
+/*
+ * set power state of the codec, and return the power state
+ */
+static unsigned int hda_set_power_state(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					unsigned int power_state)
+{
+	hda_nid_t fg = codec->core.afg ? codec->core.afg : codec->core.mfg;
+	int count;
+	unsigned int state;
+	int flags = 0;
+
+	/* this delay seems necessary to avoid click noise at power-down */
+	if (power_state == AC_PWRST_D3) {
+		if (codec->depop_delay < 0)
+			msleep(codec_has_epss(codec) ? 10 : 100);
+		else if (codec->depop_delay > 0)
+			msleep(codec->depop_delay);
+		flags = HDA_RW_NO_RESPONSE_FALLBACK;
+	}
+
+	/* repeat power states setting at most 10 times*/
+	for (count = 0; count < 10; count++) {
+		if (codec->patch_ops.set_power_state)
+			codec->patch_ops.set_power_state(codec, fg,
+							 power_state);
+		else {
+			state = power_state;
+			if (codec->power_filter)
+				state = codec->power_filter(codec, fg, state);
+			if (state == power_state || power_state != AC_PWRST_D3)
+				snd_hda_codec_read(codec, fg, flags,
+						   AC_VERB_SET_POWER_STATE,
+						   state);
+			snd_hda_codec_set_power_to_all(codec, fg, power_state);
+		}
+		state = hda_sync_power_state(codec, fg, power_state);
+		if (!(state & AC_PWRST_ERROR))
+			break;
+	}
+
+	return state;
+}
+
+/* sync power states of all widgets;
+ * this is called at the end of codec parsing
+ */
+static void sync_power_up_states(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	hda_nid_t nid;
+
+	/* don't care if no filter is used */
+	if (!codec->power_filter)
+		return;
+
+	for_each_hda_codec_node(nid, codec) {
+		unsigned int wcaps = get_wcaps(codec, nid);
+		unsigned int target;
+		if (!(wcaps & AC_WCAP_POWER))
+			continue;
+		target = codec->power_filter(codec, nid, AC_PWRST_D0);
+		if (target == AC_PWRST_D0)
+			continue;
+		if (!snd_hda_check_power_state(codec, nid, target))
+			snd_hda_codec_write(codec, nid, 0,
+					    AC_VERB_SET_POWER_STATE, target);
+	}
+}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_HDA_RECONFIG
+/* execute additional init verbs */
+static void hda_exec_init_verbs(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	if (codec->init_verbs.list)
+		snd_hda_sequence_write(codec, codec->init_verbs.list);
+}
+#else
+static inline void hda_exec_init_verbs(struct hda_codec *codec) {}
+#endif
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+/* update the power on/off account with the current jiffies */
+static void update_power_acct(struct hda_codec *codec, bool on)
+{
+	unsigned long delta = jiffies - codec->power_jiffies;
+
+	if (on)
+		codec->power_on_acct += delta;
+	else
+		codec->power_off_acct += delta;
+	codec->power_jiffies += delta;
+}
+
+void snd_hda_update_power_acct(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	update_power_acct(codec, hda_codec_is_power_on(codec));
+}
+
+/*
+ * call suspend and power-down; used both from PM and power-save
+ * this function returns the power state in the end
+ */
+static unsigned int hda_call_codec_suspend(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	unsigned int state;
+
+	atomic_inc(&codec->core.in_pm);
+
+	if (codec->patch_ops.suspend)
+		codec->patch_ops.suspend(codec);
+	hda_cleanup_all_streams(codec);
+	state = hda_set_power_state(codec, AC_PWRST_D3);
+	update_power_acct(codec, true);
+	atomic_dec(&codec->core.in_pm);
+	return state;
+}
+
+/*
+ * kick up codec; used both from PM and power-save
+ */
+static void hda_call_codec_resume(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	atomic_inc(&codec->core.in_pm);
+
+	if (codec->core.regmap)
+		regcache_mark_dirty(codec->core.regmap);
+
+	codec->power_jiffies = jiffies;
+
+	hda_set_power_state(codec, AC_PWRST_D0);
+	restore_shutup_pins(codec);
+	hda_exec_init_verbs(codec);
+	snd_hda_jack_set_dirty_all(codec);
+	if (codec->patch_ops.resume)
+		codec->patch_ops.resume(codec);
+	else {
+		if (codec->patch_ops.init)
+			codec->patch_ops.init(codec);
+		if (codec->core.regmap)
+			regcache_sync(codec->core.regmap);
+	}
+
+	if (codec->jackpoll_interval)
+		hda_jackpoll_work(&codec->jackpoll_work.work);
+	else
+		snd_hda_jack_report_sync(codec);
+	atomic_dec(&codec->core.in_pm);
+}
+
+static int hda_codec_runtime_suspend(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = dev_to_hda_codec(dev);
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm;
+	unsigned int state;
+
+	cancel_delayed_work_sync(&codec->jackpoll_work);
+	list_for_each_entry(pcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list)
+		snd_pcm_suspend_all(pcm->pcm);
+	state = hda_call_codec_suspend(codec);
+	if (codec_has_clkstop(codec) && codec_has_epss(codec) &&
+	    (state & AC_PWRST_CLK_STOP_OK))
+		snd_hdac_codec_link_down(&codec->core);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int hda_codec_runtime_resume(struct device *dev)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec = dev_to_hda_codec(dev);
+
+	snd_hdac_codec_link_up(&codec->core);
+	hda_call_codec_resume(codec);
+	pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(dev);
+	return 0;
+}
+#endif /* CONFIG_PM */
+
+/* referred in hda_bind.c */
+const struct dev_pm_ops hda_codec_driver_pm = {
+	SET_SYSTEM_SLEEP_PM_OPS(pm_runtime_force_suspend,
+				pm_runtime_force_resume)
+	SET_RUNTIME_PM_OPS(hda_codec_runtime_suspend, hda_codec_runtime_resume,
+			   NULL)
+};
+
+/*
+ * add standard channel maps if not specified
+ */
+static int add_std_chmaps(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *pcm;
+	int str, err;
+
+	list_for_each_entry(pcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
+		for (str = 0; str < 2; str++) {
+			struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo = &pcm->stream[str];
+			struct snd_pcm_chmap *chmap;
+			const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem *elem;
+
+			if (!pcm || pcm->own_chmap ||
+			    !hinfo->substreams)
+				continue;
+			elem = hinfo->chmap ? hinfo->chmap : snd_pcm_std_chmaps;
+			err = snd_pcm_add_chmap_ctls(pcm->pcm, str, elem,
+						     hinfo->channels_max,
+						     0, &chmap);
+			if (err < 0)
+				return err;
+			chmap->channel_mask = SND_PCM_CHMAP_MASK_2468;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* default channel maps for 2.1 speakers;
+ * since HD-audio supports only stereo, odd number channels are omitted
+ */
+const struct snd_pcm_chmap_elem snd_pcm_2_1_chmaps[] = {
+	{ .channels = 2,
+	  .map = { SNDRV_CHMAP_FL, SNDRV_CHMAP_FR } },
+	{ .channels = 4,
+	  .map = { SNDRV_CHMAP_FL, SNDRV_CHMAP_FR,
+		   SNDRV_CHMAP_LFE, SNDRV_CHMAP_LFE } },
+	{ }
+};
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_pcm_2_1_chmaps);
+
+int snd_hda_codec_build_controls(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	int err = 0;
+	hda_exec_init_verbs(codec);
+	/* continue to initialize... */
+	if (codec->patch_ops.init)
+		err = codec->patch_ops.init(codec);
+	if (!err && codec->patch_ops.build_controls)
+		err = codec->patch_ops.build_controls(codec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	/* we create chmaps here instead of build_pcms */
+	err = add_std_chmaps(codec);
+	if (err < 0)
+		return err;
+
+	if (codec->jackpoll_interval)
+		hda_jackpoll_work(&codec->jackpoll_work.work);
+	else
+		snd_hda_jack_report_sync(codec); /* call at the last init point */
+	sync_power_up_states(codec);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * stream formats
+ */
+struct hda_rate_tbl {
+	unsigned int hz;
+	unsigned int alsa_bits;
+	unsigned int hda_fmt;
+};
+
+/* rate = base * mult / div */
+#define HDA_RATE(base, mult, div) \
+	(AC_FMT_BASE_##base##K | (((mult) - 1) << AC_FMT_MULT_SHIFT) | \
+	 (((div) - 1) << AC_FMT_DIV_SHIFT))
+
+static struct hda_rate_tbl rate_bits[] = {
+	/* rate in Hz, ALSA rate bitmask, HDA format value */
+
+	/* autodetected value used in snd_hda_query_supported_pcm */
+	{ 8000, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_8000, HDA_RATE(48, 1, 6) },
+	{ 11025, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_11025, HDA_RATE(44, 1, 4) },
+	{ 16000, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_16000, HDA_RATE(48, 1, 3) },
+	{ 22050, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_22050, HDA_RATE(44, 1, 2) },
+	{ 32000, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_32000, HDA_RATE(48, 2, 3) },
+	{ 44100, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_44100, HDA_RATE(44, 1, 1) },
+	{ 48000, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_48000, HDA_RATE(48, 1, 1) },
+	{ 88200, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_88200, HDA_RATE(44, 2, 1) },
+	{ 96000, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_96000, HDA_RATE(48, 2, 1) },
+	{ 176400, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_176400, HDA_RATE(44, 4, 1) },
+	{ 192000, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_192000, HDA_RATE(48, 4, 1) },
+#define AC_PAR_PCM_RATE_BITS	11
+	/* up to bits 10, 384kHZ isn't supported properly */
+
+	/* not autodetected value */
+	{ 9600, SNDRV_PCM_RATE_KNOT, HDA_RATE(48, 1, 5) },
+
+	{ 0 } /* terminator */
+};
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_calc_stream_format - calculate format bitset
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @rate: the sample rate
+ * @channels: the number of channels
+ * @format: the PCM format (SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_XXX)
+ * @maxbps: the max. bps
+ * @spdif_ctls: HD-audio SPDIF status bits (0 if irrelevant)
+ *
+ * Calculate the format bitset from the given rate, channels and th PCM format.
+ *
+ * Return zero if invalid.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hda_calc_stream_format(struct hda_codec *codec,
+					unsigned int rate,
+					unsigned int channels,
+					unsigned int format,
+					unsigned int maxbps,
+					unsigned short spdif_ctls)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned int val = 0;
+
+	for (i = 0; rate_bits[i].hz; i++)
+		if (rate_bits[i].hz == rate) {
+			val = rate_bits[i].hda_fmt;
+			break;
+		}
+	if (!rate_bits[i].hz) {
+		codec_dbg(codec, "invalid rate %d\n", rate);
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (channels == 0 || channels > 8) {
+		codec_dbg(codec, "invalid channels %d\n", channels);
+		return 0;
+	}
+	val |= channels - 1;
+
+	switch (snd_pcm_format_width(format)) {
+	case 8:
+		val |= AC_FMT_BITS_8;
+		break;
+	case 16:
+		val |= AC_FMT_BITS_16;
+		break;
+	case 20:
+	case 24:
+	case 32:
+		if (maxbps >= 32 || format == SNDRV_PCM_FORMAT_FLOAT_LE)
+			val |= AC_FMT_BITS_32;
+		else if (maxbps >= 24)
+			val |= AC_FMT_BITS_24;
+		else
+			val |= AC_FMT_BITS_20;
+		break;
+	default:
+		codec_dbg(codec, "invalid format width %d\n",
+			  snd_pcm_format_width(format));
+		return 0;
+	}
+
+	if (spdif_ctls & AC_DIG1_NONAUDIO)
+		val |= AC_FMT_TYPE_NON_PCM;
+
+	return val;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_calc_stream_format);
+
+static unsigned int query_pcm_param(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	unsigned int val = 0;
+	if (nid != codec->core.afg &&
+	    (get_wcaps(codec, nid) & AC_WCAP_FORMAT_OVRD))
+		val = snd_hda_param_read(codec, nid, AC_PAR_PCM);
+	if (!val || val == -1)
+		val = snd_hda_param_read(codec, codec->core.afg, AC_PAR_PCM);
+	if (!val || val == -1)
+		return 0;
+	return val;
+}
+
+static unsigned int query_stream_param(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	unsigned int streams = snd_hda_param_read(codec, nid, AC_PAR_STREAM);
+	if (!streams || streams == -1)
+		streams = snd_hda_param_read(codec, codec->core.afg, AC_PAR_STREAM);
+	if (!streams || streams == -1)
+		return 0;
+	return streams;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_query_supported_pcm - query the supported PCM rates and formats
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @nid: NID to query
+ * @ratesp: the pointer to store the detected rate bitflags
+ * @formatsp: the pointer to store the detected formats
+ * @bpsp: the pointer to store the detected format widths
+ *
+ * Queries the supported PCM rates and formats.  The NULL @ratesp, @formatsp
+ * or @bsps argument is ignored.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, otherwise a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				u32 *ratesp, u64 *formatsp, unsigned int *bpsp)
+{
+	unsigned int i, val, wcaps;
+
+	wcaps = get_wcaps(codec, nid);
+	val = query_pcm_param(codec, nid);
+
+	if (ratesp) {
+		u32 rates = 0;
+		for (i = 0; i < AC_PAR_PCM_RATE_BITS; i++) {
+			if (val & (1 << i))
+				rates |= rate_bits[i].alsa_bits;
+		}
+		if (rates == 0) {
+			codec_err(codec,
+				  "rates == 0 (nid=0x%x, val=0x%x, ovrd=%i)\n",
+				  nid, val,
+				  (wcaps & AC_WCAP_FORMAT_OVRD) ? 1 : 0);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		*ratesp = rates;
+	}
+
+	if (formatsp || bpsp) {
+		u64 formats = 0;
+		unsigned int streams, bps;
+
+		streams = query_stream_param(codec, nid);
+		if (!streams)
+			return -EIO;
+
+		bps = 0;
+		if (streams & AC_SUPFMT_PCM) {
+			if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_8) {
+				formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8;
+				bps = 8;
+			}
+			if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_16) {
+				formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S16_LE;
+				bps = 16;
+			}
+			if (wcaps & AC_WCAP_DIGITAL) {
+				if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32)
+					formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_IEC958_SUBFRAME_LE;
+				if (val & (AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20|AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24))
+					formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
+				if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24)
+					bps = 24;
+				else if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20)
+					bps = 20;
+			} else if (val & (AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20|AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24|
+					  AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32)) {
+				formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_S32_LE;
+				if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32)
+					bps = 32;
+				else if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24)
+					bps = 24;
+				else if (val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20)
+					bps = 20;
+			}
+		}
+#if 0 /* FIXME: CS4206 doesn't work, which is the only codec supporting float */
+		if (streams & AC_SUPFMT_FLOAT32) {
+			formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_FLOAT_LE;
+			if (!bps)
+				bps = 32;
+		}
+#endif
+		if (streams == AC_SUPFMT_AC3) {
+			/* should be exclusive */
+			/* temporary hack: we have still no proper support
+			 * for the direct AC3 stream...
+			 */
+			formats |= SNDRV_PCM_FMTBIT_U8;
+			bps = 8;
+		}
+		if (formats == 0) {
+			codec_err(codec,
+				  "formats == 0 (nid=0x%x, val=0x%x, ovrd=%i, streams=0x%x)\n",
+				  nid, val,
+				  (wcaps & AC_WCAP_FORMAT_OVRD) ? 1 : 0,
+				  streams);
+			return -EIO;
+		}
+		if (formatsp)
+			*formatsp = formats;
+		if (bpsp)
+			*bpsp = bps;
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_query_supported_pcm);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_is_supported_format - Check the validity of the format
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @nid: NID to check
+ * @format: the HD-audio format value to check
+ *
+ * Check whether the given node supports the format value.
+ *
+ * Returns 1 if supported, 0 if not.
+ */
+int snd_hda_is_supported_format(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				unsigned int format)
+{
+	int i;
+	unsigned int val = 0, rate, stream;
+
+	val = query_pcm_param(codec, nid);
+	if (!val)
+		return 0;
+
+	rate = format & 0xff00;
+	for (i = 0; i < AC_PAR_PCM_RATE_BITS; i++)
+		if (rate_bits[i].hda_fmt == rate) {
+			if (val & (1 << i))
+				break;
+			return 0;
+		}
+	if (i >= AC_PAR_PCM_RATE_BITS)
+		return 0;
+
+	stream = query_stream_param(codec, nid);
+	if (!stream)
+		return 0;
+
+	if (stream & AC_SUPFMT_PCM) {
+		switch (format & 0xf0) {
+		case 0x00:
+			if (!(val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_8))
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		case 0x10:
+			if (!(val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_16))
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		case 0x20:
+			if (!(val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_20))
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		case 0x30:
+			if (!(val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_24))
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		case 0x40:
+			if (!(val & AC_SUPPCM_BITS_32))
+				return 0;
+			break;
+		default:
+			return 0;
+		}
+	} else {
+		/* FIXME: check for float32 and AC3? */
+	}
+
+	return 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_is_supported_format);
+
+/*
+ * PCM stuff
+ */
+static int hda_pcm_default_open_close(struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo,
+				      struct hda_codec *codec,
+				      struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int hda_pcm_default_prepare(struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo,
+				   struct hda_codec *codec,
+				   unsigned int stream_tag,
+				   unsigned int format,
+				   struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, hinfo->nid, stream_tag, 0, format);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int hda_pcm_default_cleanup(struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo,
+				   struct hda_codec *codec,
+				   struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec, hinfo->nid);
+	return 0;
+}
+
+static int set_pcm_default_values(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				  struct hda_pcm_stream *info)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	/* query support PCM information from the given NID */
+	if (info->nid && (!info->rates || !info->formats)) {
+		err = snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(codec, info->nid,
+				info->rates ? NULL : &info->rates,
+				info->formats ? NULL : &info->formats,
+				info->maxbps ? NULL : &info->maxbps);
+		if (err < 0)
+			return err;
+	}
+	if (info->ops.open == NULL)
+		info->ops.open = hda_pcm_default_open_close;
+	if (info->ops.close == NULL)
+		info->ops.close = hda_pcm_default_open_close;
+	if (info->ops.prepare == NULL) {
+		if (snd_BUG_ON(!info->nid))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		info->ops.prepare = hda_pcm_default_prepare;
+	}
+	if (info->ops.cleanup == NULL) {
+		if (snd_BUG_ON(!info->nid))
+			return -EINVAL;
+		info->ops.cleanup = hda_pcm_default_cleanup;
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/*
+ * codec prepare/cleanup entries
+ */
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_prepare - Prepare a stream
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @hinfo: PCM information
+ * @stream: stream tag to assign
+ * @format: format id to assign
+ * @substream: PCM substream to assign
+ *
+ * Calls the prepare callback set by the codec with the given arguments.
+ * Clean up the inactive streams when successful.
+ */
+int snd_hda_codec_prepare(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			  struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo,
+			  unsigned int stream,
+			  unsigned int format,
+			  struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	int ret;
+	mutex_lock(&codec->bus->prepare_mutex);
+	if (hinfo->ops.prepare)
+		ret = hinfo->ops.prepare(hinfo, codec, stream, format,
+					 substream);
+	else
+		ret = -ENODEV;
+	if (ret >= 0)
+		purify_inactive_streams(codec);
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->bus->prepare_mutex);
+	return ret;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_prepare);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_codec_cleanup - Prepare a stream
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @hinfo: PCM information
+ * @substream: PCM substream
+ *
+ * Calls the cleanup callback set by the codec with the given arguments.
+ */
+void snd_hda_codec_cleanup(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			   struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo,
+			   struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&codec->bus->prepare_mutex);
+	if (hinfo->ops.cleanup)
+		hinfo->ops.cleanup(hinfo, codec, substream);
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->bus->prepare_mutex);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_codec_cleanup);
+
+/* global */
+const char *snd_hda_pcm_type_name[HDA_PCM_NTYPES] = {
+	"Audio", "SPDIF", "HDMI", "Modem"
+};
+
+/*
+ * get the empty PCM device number to assign
+ */
+static int get_empty_pcm_device(struct hda_bus *bus, unsigned int type)
+{
+	/* audio device indices; not linear to keep compatibility */
+	/* assigned to static slots up to dev#10; if more needed, assign
+	 * the later slot dynamically (when CONFIG_SND_DYNAMIC_MINORS=y)
+	 */
+	static int audio_idx[HDA_PCM_NTYPES][5] = {
+		[HDA_PCM_TYPE_AUDIO] = { 0, 2, 4, 5, -1 },
+		[HDA_PCM_TYPE_SPDIF] = { 1, -1 },
+		[HDA_PCM_TYPE_HDMI]  = { 3, 7, 8, 9, -1 },
+		[HDA_PCM_TYPE_MODEM] = { 6, -1 },
+	};
+	int i;
+
+	if (type >= HDA_PCM_NTYPES) {
+		dev_err(bus->card->dev, "Invalid PCM type %d\n", type);
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+
+	for (i = 0; audio_idx[type][i] >= 0; i++) {
+#ifndef CONFIG_SND_DYNAMIC_MINORS
+		if (audio_idx[type][i] >= 8)
+			break;
+#endif
+		if (!test_and_set_bit(audio_idx[type][i], bus->pcm_dev_bits))
+			return audio_idx[type][i];
+	}
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_SND_DYNAMIC_MINORS
+	/* non-fixed slots starting from 10 */
+	for (i = 10; i < 32; i++) {
+		if (!test_and_set_bit(i, bus->pcm_dev_bits))
+			return i;
+	}
+#endif
+
+	dev_warn(bus->card->dev, "Too many %s devices\n",
+		snd_hda_pcm_type_name[type]);
+#ifndef CONFIG_SND_DYNAMIC_MINORS
+	dev_warn(bus->card->dev,
+		 "Consider building the kernel with CONFIG_SND_DYNAMIC_MINORS=y\n");
+#endif
+	return -EAGAIN;
+}
+
+/* call build_pcms ops of the given codec and set up the default parameters */
+int snd_hda_codec_parse_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	struct hda_pcm *cpcm;
+	int err;
+
+	if (!list_empty(&codec->pcm_list_head))
+		return 0; /* already parsed */
+
+	if (!codec->patch_ops.build_pcms)
+		return 0;
+
+	err = codec->patch_ops.build_pcms(codec);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		codec_err(codec, "cannot build PCMs for #%d (error %d)\n",
+			  codec->core.addr, err);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	list_for_each_entry(cpcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
+		int stream;
+
+		for (stream = 0; stream < 2; stream++) {
+			struct hda_pcm_stream *info = &cpcm->stream[stream];
+
+			if (!info->substreams)
+				continue;
+			err = set_pcm_default_values(codec, info);
+			if (err < 0) {
+				codec_warn(codec,
+					   "fail to setup default for PCM %s\n",
+					   cpcm->name);
+				return err;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/* assign all PCMs of the given codec */
+int snd_hda_codec_build_pcms(struct hda_codec *codec)
+{
+	struct hda_bus *bus = codec->bus;
+	struct hda_pcm *cpcm;
+	int dev, err;
+
+	if (snd_BUG_ON(!bus->ops.attach_pcm))
+		return -EINVAL;
+
+	err = snd_hda_codec_parse_pcms(codec);
+	if (err < 0) {
+		snd_hda_codec_reset(codec);
+		return err;
+	}
+
+	/* attach a new PCM streams */
+	list_for_each_entry(cpcm, &codec->pcm_list_head, list) {
+		if (cpcm->pcm)
+			continue; /* already attached */
+		if (!cpcm->stream[0].substreams && !cpcm->stream[1].substreams)
+			continue; /* no substreams assigned */
+
+		dev = get_empty_pcm_device(bus, cpcm->pcm_type);
+		if (dev < 0)
+			continue; /* no fatal error */
+		cpcm->device = dev;
+		err =  bus->ops.attach_pcm(bus, codec, cpcm);
+		if (err < 0) {
+			codec_err(codec,
+				  "cannot attach PCM stream %d for codec #%d\n",
+				  dev, codec->core.addr);
+			continue; /* no fatal error */
+		}
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_add_new_ctls - create controls from the array
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @knew: the array of struct snd_kcontrol_new
+ *
+ * This helper function creates and add new controls in the given array.
+ * The array must be terminated with an empty entry as terminator.
+ *
+ * Returns 0 if successful, or a negative error code.
+ */
+int snd_hda_add_new_ctls(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			 const struct snd_kcontrol_new *knew)
+{
+	int err;
+
+	for (; knew->name; knew++) {
+		struct snd_kcontrol *kctl;
+		int addr = 0, idx = 0;
+		if (knew->iface == -1)	/* skip this codec private value */
+			continue;
+		for (;;) {
+			kctl = snd_ctl_new1(knew, codec);
+			if (!kctl)
+				return -ENOMEM;
+			if (addr > 0)
+				kctl->id.device = addr;
+			if (idx > 0)
+				kctl->id.index = idx;
+			err = snd_hda_ctl_add(codec, 0, kctl);
+			if (!err)
+				break;
+			/* try first with another device index corresponding to
+			 * the codec addr; if it still fails (or it's the
+			 * primary codec), then try another control index
+			 */
+			if (!addr && codec->core.addr)
+				addr = codec->core.addr;
+			else if (!idx && !knew->index) {
+				idx = find_empty_mixer_ctl_idx(codec,
+							       knew->name, 0);
+				if (idx <= 0)
+					return err;
+			} else
+				return err;
+		}
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_add_new_ctls);
+
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+static void codec_set_power_save(struct hda_codec *codec, int delay)
+{
+	struct device *dev = hda_codec_dev(codec);
+
+	if (delay > 0) {
+		pm_runtime_set_autosuspend_delay(dev, delay);
+		pm_runtime_use_autosuspend(dev);
+		pm_runtime_allow(dev);
+		if (!pm_runtime_suspended(dev))
+			pm_runtime_mark_last_busy(dev);
+	} else {
+		pm_runtime_dont_use_autosuspend(dev);
+		pm_runtime_forbid(dev);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_set_power_save - reprogram autosuspend for the given delay
+ * @bus: HD-audio bus
+ * @delay: autosuspend delay in msec, 0 = off
+ *
+ * Synchronize the runtime PM autosuspend state from the power_save option.
+ */
+void snd_hda_set_power_save(struct hda_bus *bus, int delay)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *c;
+
+	list_for_each_codec(c, bus)
+		codec_set_power_save(c, delay);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_set_power_save);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_check_amp_list_power - Check the amp list and update the power
+ * @codec: HD-audio codec
+ * @check: the object containing an AMP list and the status
+ * @nid: NID to check / update
+ *
+ * Check whether the given NID is in the amp list.  If it's in the list,
+ * check the current AMP status, and update the the power-status according
+ * to the mute status.
+ *
+ * This function is supposed to be set or called from the check_power_status
+ * patch ops.
+ */
+int snd_hda_check_amp_list_power(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				 struct hda_loopback_check *check,
+				 hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	const struct hda_amp_list *p;
+	int ch, v;
+
+	if (!check->amplist)
+		return 0;
+	for (p = check->amplist; p->nid; p++) {
+		if (p->nid == nid)
+			break;
+	}
+	if (!p->nid)
+		return 0; /* nothing changed */
+
+	for (p = check->amplist; p->nid; p++) {
+		for (ch = 0; ch < 2; ch++) {
+			v = snd_hda_codec_amp_read(codec, p->nid, ch, p->dir,
+						   p->idx);
+			if (!(v & HDA_AMP_MUTE) && v > 0) {
+				if (!check->power_on) {
+					check->power_on = 1;
+					snd_hda_power_up_pm(codec);
+				}
+				return 1;
+			}
+		}
+	}
+	if (check->power_on) {
+		check->power_on = 0;
+		snd_hda_power_down_pm(codec);
+	}
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_check_amp_list_power);
+#endif
+
+/*
+ * input MUX helper
+ */
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_input_mux_info_info - Info callback helper for the input-mux enum
+ * @imux: imux helper object
+ * @uinfo: pointer to get/store the data
+ */
+int snd_hda_input_mux_info(const struct hda_input_mux *imux,
+			   struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo)
+{
+	unsigned int index;
+
+	uinfo->type = SNDRV_CTL_ELEM_TYPE_ENUMERATED;
+	uinfo->count = 1;
+	uinfo->value.enumerated.items = imux->num_items;
+	if (!imux->num_items)
+		return 0;
+	index = uinfo->value.enumerated.item;
+	if (index >= imux->num_items)
+		index = imux->num_items - 1;
+	strcpy(uinfo->value.enumerated.name, imux->items[index].label);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_input_mux_info);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_input_mux_info_put - Put callback helper for the input-mux enum
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @imux: imux helper object
+ * @ucontrol: pointer to get/store the data
+ * @nid: input mux NID
+ * @cur_val: pointer to get/store the current imux value
+ */
+int snd_hda_input_mux_put(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			  const struct hda_input_mux *imux,
+			  struct snd_ctl_elem_value *ucontrol,
+			  hda_nid_t nid,
+			  unsigned int *cur_val)
+{
+	unsigned int idx;
+
+	if (!imux->num_items)
+		return 0;
+	idx = ucontrol->value.enumerated.item[0];
+	if (idx >= imux->num_items)
+		idx = imux->num_items - 1;
+	if (*cur_val == idx)
+		return 0;
+	snd_hda_codec_write_cache(codec, nid, 0, AC_VERB_SET_CONNECT_SEL,
+				  imux->items[idx].index);
+	*cur_val = idx;
+	return 1;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_input_mux_put);
+
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_enum_helper_info - Helper for simple enum ctls
+ * @kcontrol: ctl element
+ * @uinfo: pointer to get/store the data
+ * @num_items: number of enum items
+ * @texts: enum item string array
+ *
+ * process kcontrol info callback of a simple string enum array
+ * when @num_items is 0 or @texts is NULL, assume a boolean enum array
+ */
+int snd_hda_enum_helper_info(struct snd_kcontrol *kcontrol,
+			     struct snd_ctl_elem_info *uinfo,
+			     int num_items, const char * const *texts)
+{
+	static const char * const texts_default[] = {
+		"Disabled", "Enabled"
+	};
+
+	if (!texts || !num_items) {
+		num_items = 2;
+		texts = texts_default;
+	}
+
+	return snd_ctl_enum_info(uinfo, 1, num_items, texts);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_enum_helper_info);
+
+/*
+ * Multi-channel / digital-out PCM helper functions
+ */
+
+/* setup SPDIF output stream */
+static void setup_dig_out_stream(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid,
+				 unsigned int stream_tag, unsigned int format)
+{
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+	unsigned int curr_fmt;
+	bool reset;
+
+	spdif = snd_hda_spdif_out_of_nid(codec, nid);
+	curr_fmt = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, nid, 0,
+				      AC_VERB_GET_STREAM_FORMAT, 0);
+	reset = codec->spdif_status_reset &&
+		(spdif->ctls & AC_DIG1_ENABLE) &&
+		curr_fmt != format;
+
+	/* turn off SPDIF if needed; otherwise the IEC958 bits won't be
+	   updated */
+	if (reset)
+		set_dig_out_convert(codec, nid,
+				    spdif->ctls & ~AC_DIG1_ENABLE & 0xff,
+				    -1);
+	snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, nid, stream_tag, 0, format);
+	if (codec->slave_dig_outs) {
+		const hda_nid_t *d;
+		for (d = codec->slave_dig_outs; *d; d++)
+			snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, *d, stream_tag, 0,
+						   format);
+	}
+	/* turn on again (if needed) */
+	if (reset)
+		set_dig_out_convert(codec, nid,
+				    spdif->ctls & 0xff, -1);
+}
+
+static void cleanup_dig_out_stream(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t nid)
+{
+	snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec, nid);
+	if (codec->slave_dig_outs) {
+		const hda_nid_t *d;
+		for (d = codec->slave_dig_outs; *d; d++)
+			snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec, *d);
+	}
+}
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_multi_out_dig_open - open the digital out in the exclusive mode
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: hda_multi_out object
+ */
+int snd_hda_multi_out_dig_open(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			       struct hda_multi_out *mout)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	if (mout->dig_out_used == HDA_DIG_ANALOG_DUP)
+		/* already opened as analog dup; reset it once */
+		cleanup_dig_out_stream(codec, mout->dig_out_nid);
+	mout->dig_out_used = HDA_DIG_EXCLUSIVE;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_multi_out_dig_open);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_multi_out_dig_prepare - prepare the digital out stream
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: hda_multi_out object
+ * @stream_tag: stream tag to assign
+ * @format: format id to assign
+ * @substream: PCM substream to assign
+ */
+int snd_hda_multi_out_dig_prepare(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				  struct hda_multi_out *mout,
+				  unsigned int stream_tag,
+				  unsigned int format,
+				  struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	setup_dig_out_stream(codec, mout->dig_out_nid, stream_tag, format);
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_multi_out_dig_prepare);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_multi_out_dig_cleanup - clean-up the digital out stream
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: hda_multi_out object
+ */
+int snd_hda_multi_out_dig_cleanup(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				  struct hda_multi_out *mout)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	cleanup_dig_out_stream(codec, mout->dig_out_nid);
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_multi_out_dig_cleanup);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_multi_out_dig_close - release the digital out stream
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: hda_multi_out object
+ */
+int snd_hda_multi_out_dig_close(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				struct hda_multi_out *mout)
+{
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	mout->dig_out_used = 0;
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_multi_out_dig_close);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_multi_out_analog_open - open analog outputs
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: hda_multi_out object
+ * @substream: PCM substream to assign
+ * @hinfo: PCM information to assign
+ *
+ * Open analog outputs and set up the hw-constraints.
+ * If the digital outputs can be opened as slave, open the digital
+ * outputs, too.
+ */
+int snd_hda_multi_out_analog_open(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				  struct hda_multi_out *mout,
+				  struct snd_pcm_substream *substream,
+				  struct hda_pcm_stream *hinfo)
+{
+	struct snd_pcm_runtime *runtime = substream->runtime;
+	runtime->hw.channels_max = mout->max_channels;
+	if (mout->dig_out_nid) {
+		if (!mout->analog_rates) {
+			mout->analog_rates = hinfo->rates;
+			mout->analog_formats = hinfo->formats;
+			mout->analog_maxbps = hinfo->maxbps;
+		} else {
+			runtime->hw.rates = mout->analog_rates;
+			runtime->hw.formats = mout->analog_formats;
+			hinfo->maxbps = mout->analog_maxbps;
+		}
+		if (!mout->spdif_rates) {
+			snd_hda_query_supported_pcm(codec, mout->dig_out_nid,
+						    &mout->spdif_rates,
+						    &mout->spdif_formats,
+						    &mout->spdif_maxbps);
+		}
+		mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+		if (mout->share_spdif) {
+			if ((runtime->hw.rates & mout->spdif_rates) &&
+			    (runtime->hw.formats & mout->spdif_formats)) {
+				runtime->hw.rates &= mout->spdif_rates;
+				runtime->hw.formats &= mout->spdif_formats;
+				if (mout->spdif_maxbps < hinfo->maxbps)
+					hinfo->maxbps = mout->spdif_maxbps;
+			} else {
+				mout->share_spdif = 0;
+				/* FIXME: need notify? */
+			}
+		}
+		mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	}
+	return snd_pcm_hw_constraint_step(substream->runtime, 0,
+					  SNDRV_PCM_HW_PARAM_CHANNELS, 2);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_multi_out_analog_open);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_multi_out_analog_prepare - Preapre the analog outputs.
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: hda_multi_out object
+ * @stream_tag: stream tag to assign
+ * @format: format id to assign
+ * @substream: PCM substream to assign
+ *
+ * Set up the i/o for analog out.
+ * When the digital out is available, copy the front out to digital out, too.
+ */
+int snd_hda_multi_out_analog_prepare(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				     struct hda_multi_out *mout,
+				     unsigned int stream_tag,
+				     unsigned int format,
+				     struct snd_pcm_substream *substream)
+{
+	const hda_nid_t *nids = mout->dac_nids;
+	int chs = substream->runtime->channels;
+	struct hda_spdif_out *spdif;
+	int i;
+
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	spdif = snd_hda_spdif_out_of_nid(codec, mout->dig_out_nid);
+	if (mout->dig_out_nid && mout->share_spdif &&
+	    mout->dig_out_used != HDA_DIG_EXCLUSIVE) {
+		if (chs == 2 &&
+		    snd_hda_is_supported_format(codec, mout->dig_out_nid,
+						format) &&
+		    !(spdif->status & IEC958_AES0_NONAUDIO)) {
+			mout->dig_out_used = HDA_DIG_ANALOG_DUP;
+			setup_dig_out_stream(codec, mout->dig_out_nid,
+					     stream_tag, format);
+		} else {
+			mout->dig_out_used = 0;
+			cleanup_dig_out_stream(codec, mout->dig_out_nid);
+		}
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+
+	/* front */
+	snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, nids[HDA_FRONT], stream_tag,
+				   0, format);
+	if (!mout->no_share_stream &&
+	    mout->hp_nid && mout->hp_nid != nids[HDA_FRONT])
+		/* headphone out will just decode front left/right (stereo) */
+		snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, mout->hp_nid, stream_tag,
+					   0, format);
+	/* extra outputs copied from front */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mout->hp_out_nid); i++)
+		if (!mout->no_share_stream && mout->hp_out_nid[i])
+			snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec,
+						   mout->hp_out_nid[i],
+						   stream_tag, 0, format);
+
+	/* surrounds */
+	for (i = 1; i < mout->num_dacs; i++) {
+		if (chs >= (i + 1) * 2) /* independent out */
+			snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, nids[i], stream_tag,
+						   i * 2, format);
+		else if (!mout->no_share_stream) /* copy front */
+			snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, nids[i], stream_tag,
+						   0, format);
+	}
+
+	/* extra surrounds */
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mout->extra_out_nid); i++) {
+		int ch = 0;
+		if (!mout->extra_out_nid[i])
+			break;
+		if (chs >= (i + 1) * 2)
+			ch = i * 2;
+		else if (!mout->no_share_stream)
+			break;
+		snd_hda_codec_setup_stream(codec, mout->extra_out_nid[i],
+					   stream_tag, ch, format);
+	}
+
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_multi_out_analog_prepare);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_multi_out_analog_cleanup - clean up the setting for analog out
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @mout: hda_multi_out object
+ */
+int snd_hda_multi_out_analog_cleanup(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				     struct hda_multi_out *mout)
+{
+	const hda_nid_t *nids = mout->dac_nids;
+	int i;
+
+	for (i = 0; i < mout->num_dacs; i++)
+		snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec, nids[i]);
+	if (mout->hp_nid)
+		snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec, mout->hp_nid);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mout->hp_out_nid); i++)
+		if (mout->hp_out_nid[i])
+			snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec,
+						     mout->hp_out_nid[i]);
+	for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(mout->extra_out_nid); i++)
+		if (mout->extra_out_nid[i])
+			snd_hda_codec_cleanup_stream(codec,
+						     mout->extra_out_nid[i]);
+	mutex_lock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	if (mout->dig_out_nid && mout->dig_out_used == HDA_DIG_ANALOG_DUP) {
+		cleanup_dig_out_stream(codec, mout->dig_out_nid);
+		mout->dig_out_used = 0;
+	}
+	mutex_unlock(&codec->spdif_mutex);
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_multi_out_analog_cleanup);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_get_default_vref - Get the default (mic) VREF pin bits
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @pin: referred pin NID
+ *
+ * Guess the suitable VREF pin bits to be set as the pin-control value.
+ * Note: the function doesn't set the AC_PINCTL_IN_EN bit.
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hda_get_default_vref(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t pin)
+{
+	unsigned int pincap;
+	unsigned int oldval;
+	oldval = snd_hda_codec_read(codec, pin, 0,
+				    AC_VERB_GET_PIN_WIDGET_CONTROL, 0);
+	pincap = snd_hda_query_pin_caps(codec, pin);
+	pincap = (pincap & AC_PINCAP_VREF) >> AC_PINCAP_VREF_SHIFT;
+	/* Exception: if the default pin setup is vref50, we give it priority */
+	if ((pincap & AC_PINCAP_VREF_80) && oldval != PIN_VREF50)
+		return AC_PINCTL_VREF_80;
+	else if (pincap & AC_PINCAP_VREF_50)
+		return AC_PINCTL_VREF_50;
+	else if (pincap & AC_PINCAP_VREF_100)
+		return AC_PINCTL_VREF_100;
+	else if (pincap & AC_PINCAP_VREF_GRD)
+		return AC_PINCTL_VREF_GRD;
+	return AC_PINCTL_VREF_HIZ;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_get_default_vref);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_correct_pin_ctl - correct the pin ctl value for matching with the pin cap
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @pin: referred pin NID
+ * @val: pin ctl value to audit
+ */
+unsigned int snd_hda_correct_pin_ctl(struct hda_codec *codec,
+				     hda_nid_t pin, unsigned int val)
+{
+	static unsigned int cap_lists[][2] = {
+		{ AC_PINCTL_VREF_100, AC_PINCAP_VREF_100 },
+		{ AC_PINCTL_VREF_80, AC_PINCAP_VREF_80 },
+		{ AC_PINCTL_VREF_50, AC_PINCAP_VREF_50 },
+		{ AC_PINCTL_VREF_GRD, AC_PINCAP_VREF_GRD },
+	};
+	unsigned int cap;
+
+	if (!val)
+		return 0;
+	cap = snd_hda_query_pin_caps(codec, pin);
+	if (!cap)
+		return val; /* don't know what to do... */
+
+	if (val & AC_PINCTL_OUT_EN) {
+		if (!(cap & AC_PINCAP_OUT))
+			val &= ~(AC_PINCTL_OUT_EN | AC_PINCTL_HP_EN);
+		else if ((val & AC_PINCTL_HP_EN) && !(cap & AC_PINCAP_HP_DRV))
+			val &= ~AC_PINCTL_HP_EN;
+	}
+
+	if (val & AC_PINCTL_IN_EN) {
+		if (!(cap & AC_PINCAP_IN))
+			val &= ~(AC_PINCTL_IN_EN | AC_PINCTL_VREFEN);
+		else {
+			unsigned int vcap, vref;
+			int i;
+			vcap = (cap & AC_PINCAP_VREF) >> AC_PINCAP_VREF_SHIFT;
+			vref = val & AC_PINCTL_VREFEN;
+			for (i = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(cap_lists); i++) {
+				if (vref == cap_lists[i][0] &&
+				    !(vcap & cap_lists[i][1])) {
+					if (i == ARRAY_SIZE(cap_lists) - 1)
+						vref = AC_PINCTL_VREF_HIZ;
+					else
+						vref = cap_lists[i + 1][0];
+				}
+			}
+			val &= ~AC_PINCTL_VREFEN;
+			val |= vref;
+		}
+	}
+
+	return val;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_correct_pin_ctl);
+
+/**
+ * _snd_hda_pin_ctl - Helper to set pin ctl value
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @pin: referred pin NID
+ * @val: pin control value to set
+ * @cached: access over codec pinctl cache or direct write
+ *
+ * This function is a helper to set a pin ctl value more safely.
+ * It corrects the pin ctl value via snd_hda_correct_pin_ctl(), stores the
+ * value in pin target array via snd_hda_codec_set_pin_target(), then
+ * actually writes the value via either snd_hda_codec_update_cache() or
+ * snd_hda_codec_write() depending on @cached flag.
+ */
+int _snd_hda_set_pin_ctl(struct hda_codec *codec, hda_nid_t pin,
+			 unsigned int val, bool cached)
+{
+	val = snd_hda_correct_pin_ctl(codec, pin, val);
+	snd_hda_codec_set_pin_target(codec, pin, val);
+	if (cached)
+		return snd_hda_codec_update_cache(codec, pin, 0,
+				AC_VERB_SET_PIN_WIDGET_CONTROL, val);
+	else
+		return snd_hda_codec_write(codec, pin, 0,
+					   AC_VERB_SET_PIN_WIDGET_CONTROL, val);
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(_snd_hda_set_pin_ctl);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_add_imux_item - Add an item to input_mux
+ * @codec: the HDA codec
+ * @imux: imux helper object
+ * @label: the name of imux item to assign
+ * @index: index number of imux item to assign
+ * @type_idx: pointer to store the resultant label index
+ *
+ * When the same label is used already in the existing items, the number
+ * suffix is appended to the label.  This label index number is stored
+ * to type_idx when non-NULL pointer is given.
+ */
+int snd_hda_add_imux_item(struct hda_codec *codec,
+			  struct hda_input_mux *imux, const char *label,
+			  int index, int *type_idx)
+{
+	int i, label_idx = 0;
+	if (imux->num_items >= HDA_MAX_NUM_INPUTS) {
+		codec_err(codec, "hda_codec: Too many imux items!\n");
+		return -EINVAL;
+	}
+	for (i = 0; i < imux->num_items; i++) {
+		if (!strncmp(label, imux->items[i].label, strlen(label)))
+			label_idx++;
+	}
+	if (type_idx)
+		*type_idx = label_idx;
+	if (label_idx > 0)
+		snprintf(imux->items[imux->num_items].label,
+			 sizeof(imux->items[imux->num_items].label),
+			 "%s %d", label, label_idx);
+	else
+		strlcpy(imux->items[imux->num_items].label, label,
+			sizeof(imux->items[imux->num_items].label));
+	imux->items[imux->num_items].index = index;
+	imux->num_items++;
+	return 0;
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_add_imux_item);
+
+/**
+ * snd_hda_bus_reset - Reset the bus
+ * @bus: HD-audio bus
+ */
+void snd_hda_bus_reset(struct hda_bus *bus)
+{
+	struct hda_codec *codec;
+
+	list_for_each_codec(codec, bus) {
+		/* FIXME: maybe a better way needed for forced reset */
+		cancel_delayed_work_sync(&codec->jackpoll_work);
+#ifdef CONFIG_PM
+		if (hda_codec_is_power_on(codec)) {
+			hda_call_codec_suspend(codec);
+			hda_call_codec_resume(codec);
+		}
+#endif
+	}
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_hda_bus_reset);
+
+/**
+ * snd_print_pcm_bits - Print the supported PCM fmt bits to the string buffer
+ * @pcm: PCM caps bits
+ * @buf: the string buffer to write
+ * @buflen: the max buffer length
+ *
+ * used by hda_proc.c and hda_eld.c
+ */
+void snd_print_pcm_bits(int pcm, char *buf, int buflen)
+{
+	static unsigned int bits[] = { 8, 16, 20, 24, 32 };
+	int i, j;
+
+	for (i = 0, j = 0; i < ARRAY_SIZE(bits); i++)
+		if (pcm & (AC_SUPPCM_BITS_8 << i))
+			j += snprintf(buf + j, buflen - j,  " %d", bits[i]);
+
+	buf[j] = '\0'; /* necessary when j == 0 */
+}
+EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL(snd_print_pcm_bits);
+
+MODULE_DESCRIPTION("HDA codec core");
+MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");