path: root/docs/setupservicevm/4-ipv6-configguide-servicevm.rst

==========================================
Setting Up a Service VM as an IPv6 vRouter
==========================================

Now we can start to set up a service VM as an IPv6 vRouter. For exemplary purpose, we assume:

* The hostname of  Open Daylight Controller Node is ``opnfv-odl-controller``
* The hostname of OpenStack Controller Node is ``opnfv-os-controller``
* The hostname of OpenStack Compute Node is ``opnfv-os-compute``
* We use ``opnfv`` as username to login.
* We use ``devstack`` to install OpenStack Kilo, and the directory is ``~/devstack``
* Note: all IP addresses as shown below are for exemplary purpose.

***************************************************
Source the Credentials in OpenStack Controller Node
***************************************************

**SETUP-SVM-1**: Login with username ``opnfv`` in OpenStack Controller Node ``opnfv-os-controller``.
Start a new terminal, and change directory to where OpenStack is installed.

.. code-block:: bash

    cd ~/devstack

**SETUP-SVM-2**: Source the credentials.

.. code-block:: bash

    opnfv@opnfv-os-controller:~/devstack$ source openrc admin demo

**************************************
Add External Connectivity to ``br-ex``
**************************************

Because we need to manually create networks/subnets to achieve the IPv6 vRouter, we have used the flag
``NEUTRON_CREATE_INITIAL_NETWORKS=False`` in ``local.conf`` file. When this flag is set to False,
``devstack`` does not create any networks/subnets during the setup phase.

In OpenStack Controller Node ``opnfv-os-controller``, ``eth1`` is configured to provide external/public connectivity
for both IPv4 and IPv6. So let us add this interface to ``br-ex`` and move the IP address, including the default route
from ``eth1`` to ``br-ex``.

**SETUP-SVM-3**: Add ``eth1`` to ``br-ex`` and move the IP address and the default route from ``eth1`` to ``br-ex``

.. code-block:: bash

    sudo ip addr del <External IP address of opnfv-os-controller> dev eth1
    sudo ovs-vsctl add-port br-ex eth1
    sudo ifconfig eth1 up
    sudo ip addr add <External IP address of opnfv-os-controller> dev br-ex
    sudo ifconfig br-ex up
    sudo ip route add default via <Default gateway IP address of opnfv-os-controller> dev br-ex

Please note that **this can be automated in /etc/network/interfaces**.

**SETUP-SVM-4**: Verify that ``br-ex`` now has the original external IP address, and that the default route is on
``br-ex``

.. code-block:: bash

    opnfv@opnfv-os-controller:~/devstack$ ip a s br-ex
    38: br-ex: <BROADCAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1430 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default
        link/ether 00:50:56:82:42:d1 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
        inet 198.59.156.113/24 brd 198.59.156.255 scope global br-ex
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
        inet6 fe80::543e:28ff:fe70:4426/64 scope link
           valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    opnfv@opnfv-os-controller:~/devstack$ ip route
    default via 198.59.156.1 dev br-ex
    10.134.156.0/24 dev eth0  proto kernel  scope link  src 10.134.156.113
    192.168.122.0/24 dev virbr0  proto kernel  scope link  src 192.168.122.1
    198.59.156.0/24 dev br-ex  proto kernel  scope link  src 198.59.156.113

Please  note that The IP addresses above are exemplary purpose

********************************************************
Create IPv4 Subnet and Router with External Connectivity
********************************************************

**SETUP-SVM-5**: Create a Neutron router ``ipv4-router`` which needs to provide external connectivity.

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron router-create ipv4-router

**SETUP-SVM-6**: Create an external network/subnet ``ext-net`` using the appropriate values based on the
data-center physical network setup.

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron net-create --router:external ext-net
    neutron subnet-create --disable-dhcp --allocation-pool start=198.59.156.251,end=198.59.156.254 --gateway 198.59.156.1 ext-net 198.59.156.0/24

Please note that the IP addresses in the command above are for exemplary purpose. **Please replace the IP addresses of
your actual network**.

**SETUP-SVM-7**: Associate the ``ext-net`` to the Neutron router ``ipv4-router``.

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron router-gateway-set ipv4-router ext-net

**SETUP-SVM-8**: Create an internal/tenant IPv4 network ``ipv4-int-network1``

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron net-create ipv4-int-network1

**SETUP-SVM-9**: Create an IPv4 subnet ``ipv4-int-subnet1`` in the internal network ``ipv4-int-network1``

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron subnet-create --name ipv4-int-subnet1 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8 ipv4-int-network1 20.0.0.0/24

Please note that the IP addresses in the command above are for exemplary purpose. **Please replace the
IP addresses of your actual network**

**SETUP-SVM-10**: Associate the IPv4 internal subnet ``ipv4-int-subnet1`` to the Neutron router ``ipv4-router``.

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron router-interface-add ipv4-router ipv4-int-subnet1

********************************************************
Create IPv6 Subnet and Router with External Connectivity
********************************************************

Now, let us create a second neutron router where we can "manually" spawn a ``radvd`` daemon to simulate an external
IPv6 router.

**SETUP-SVM-11**:  Create a second Neutron router ``ipv6-router`` which needs to provide external connectivity

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron router-create ipv6-router

**SETUP-SVM-12**: Associate the ``ext-net`` to the Neutron router ``ipv6-router``

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron router-gateway-set ipv6-router ext-net

**SETUP-SVM-13**: Create a second internal/tenant IPv4 network ``ipv4-int-network2``

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron net-create ipv4-int-network2

**SETUP-SVM-14**: Create an IPv4 subnet ``ipv4-int-subnet2`` for the ``ipv6-router`` internal network
``ipv4-int-network2``

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron subnet-create --name ipv4-int-subnet2 --dns-nameserver 8.8.8.8 ipv4-int-network2 10.0.0.0/24

Please note that the IP addresses in the command above are for exemplary purpose. **Please replace the IP addresses of
your actual network**

**SETUP-SVM-15**: Associate the IPv4 internal subnet ``ipv4-int-subnet2`` to the Neutron router ``ipv6-router``.

.. code-block:: bash

    neutron router-interface-add ipv6-router ipv4-int-subnet2

**************************************************
Prepare Image, Metadata and Keypair for Service VM
**************************************************

**SETUP-SVM-16**: Download ``fedora20`` image which would be used as ``vRouter``

.. code-block:: bash

    glance image-create --name 'Fedora20' --disk-format qcow2 --container-format bare --is-public true --copy-from http://cloud.fedoraproject.org/fedora-20.x86_64.qcow2

**SETUP-SVM-17**: Create a keypair

.. code-block:: bash

    nova keypair-add vRouterKey > ~/vRouterKey

**SETUP-SVM-18**: Copy the contents from the following url to ``metadata.txt``, i.e. preparing metadata which enables
IPv6 router functionality inside ``vRouter``

.. code-block:: bash

    http://fpaste.org/303942/50781923/

Please note that this ``metadata.txt`` will enable the ``vRouter`` to automatically spawn a ``radvd`` daemon,
which advertises its IPv6 subnet prefix ``2001:db8:0:2::/64`` in RA (Router Advertisement) message through
its ``eth1`` interface to other VMs on ``ipv4-int-network1``. The ``radvd`` daemon also advertises the routing
information, which routes to ``2001:db8:0:2::/64`` subnet, in RA (Router Advertisement) message through its
``eth0`` interface to ``eth1`` interface of ``ipv6-router`` on ``ipv4-int-network2``.

**********************************************************************************************************
Boot Service VM (``vRouter``) with ``eth0`` on ``ipv4-int-network2`` and ``eth1`` on ``ipv4-int-network1``
**********************************************************************************************************

Let us boot the service VM (``vRouter``) with ``eth0`` interface on ``ipv4-int-network2`` connecting to ``ipv6-router``,
and ``eth1`` interface on ``ipv4-int-network1`` connecting to ``ipv4-router``.

**SETUP-SVM-19**: Boot the ``vRouter`` using ``Fedora20`` image on the OpenStack Compute Node with hostname
``opnfv-os-compute``

.. code-block:: bash

    nova boot --image Fedora20 --flavor m1.small --user-data ./metadata.txt --availability-zone nova:opnfv-os-compute --nic net-id=$(neutron net-list | grep -w ipv4-int-network2 | awk '{print $2}') --nic net-id=$(neutron net-list | grep -w ipv4-int-network1 | awk '{print $2}') --key-name vRouterKey vRouter

**SETUP-SVM-20**: Verify that ``Fedora20`` image boots up successfully and the ``ssh`` keys are properly injected

.. code-block:: bash

    nova list
    nova console-log vRouter

Please note that **it may take a few minutes** for the necessary packages to get installed and ``ssh`` keys
to be injected.

.. code-block:: bash

    # Sample Output
    [  762.884523] cloud-init[871]: ec2: #############################################################
    [  762.909634] cloud-init[871]: ec2: -----BEGIN SSH HOST KEY FINGERPRINTS-----
    [  762.931626] cloud-init[871]: ec2: 2048 e3:dc:3d:4a:bc:b6:b0:77:75:a1:70:a3:d0:2a:47:a9   (RSA)
    [  762.957380] cloud-init[871]: ec2: -----END SSH HOST KEY FINGERPRINTS-----
    [  762.979554] cloud-init[871]: ec2: #############################################################

*******************************************
Boot Two Other VMs in ``ipv4-int-network1``
*******************************************

In order to verify that the setup is working, let us create two cirros VMs with ``eth1`` interface on the
``ipv4-int-network1``, i.e., connecting to ``vRouter`` ``eth1`` interface for internal network.

We will have to configure appropriate ``mtu`` on the VMs' interface by taking into account the tunneling
overhead and any physical switch requirements. If so, push the ``mtu`` to the VM either using ``dhcp``
options or via ``meta-data``.

**SETUP-SVM-21**: Create VM1 on OpenStack Controller Node with hostname ``opnfv-os-controller``

.. code-block:: bash

    nova boot --image cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-uec --flavor m1.tiny --nic net-id=$(neutron net-list | grep -w ipv4-int-network1 | awk '{print $2}') --availability-zone nova:opnfv-os-controller --key-name vRouterKey VM1

**SETUP-SVM-22**: Create VM2 on OpenStack Compute Node with hostname ``opnfv-os-compute``

.. code-block:: bash

    nova boot --image cirros-0.3.4-x86_64-uec --flavor m1.tiny --nic net-id=$(neutron net-list | grep -w ipv4-int-network1 | awk '{print $2}') --availability-zone nova:opnfv-os-compute --key-name vRouterKey VM2

**SETUP-SVM-23**: Confirm that both the VMs are successfully booted.

.. code-block:: bash

    nova list
    nova console-log VM1
    nova console-log VM2

**********************************
Spawn ``RADVD`` in ``ipv6-router``
**********************************

Let us manually spawn a ``radvd`` daemon inside ``ipv6-router`` namespace to simulate an external router.
First of all, we will have to identify the ``ipv6-router`` namespace and move to the namespace.

**SETUP-SVM-24**: identify the ``ipv6-router`` namespace and move to the namespace

.. code-block:: bash

    sudo ip netns exec qrouter-$(neutron router-list | grep -w ipv6-router | awk '{print $2}') bash

**SETUP-SVM-25**: Upon successful execution of the above command, you will be in the router namespace.
Now let us configure the IPv6 address on the <qr-xxx> interface.

.. code-block:: bash

    router_interface=$(ip a s | grep -w "global qr-*" | awk '{print $7}')
    ip -6 addr add 2001:db8:0:1::1 dev $router_interface

**SETUP-SVM-26**: Copy the following contents to some file, e.g. ``/tmp/br-ex.radvd.conf``

.. code-block:: bash

    interface $router_interface
      {
         AdvSendAdvert on;
         MinRtrAdvInterval 3;
         MaxRtrAdvInterval 10;
         prefix 2001:db8:0:1::/64
           {
              AdvOnLink on;
              AdvAutonomous on;
           };
      };

**SETUP-SVM-27**: Spawn a ``radvd`` daemon to simulate an external router. This ``radvd`` daemon advertises its
IPv6 subnet prefix ``2001:db8:0:1::/64`` in RA (Router Advertisement) message through its ``eth1`` interface to
``eth0`` interface of ``vRouter`` on ``ipv4-int-network2``.

.. code-block:: bash

    $radvd -C /tmp/br-ex.radvd.conf -p /tmp/br-ex.pid.radvd -m syslog

**SETUP-SVM-28**: Configure the ``$router_interface`` process entries to process the RA (Router Advertisement)
message from ``vRouter``, and automatically add a downstream route pointing to the LLA (Link Local Address) of
``eth0`` interface of the ``vRouter``.

.. code-block:: bash

    sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.$router_interface.accept_ra=2
    sysctl -w net.ipv6.conf.$router_interface.accept_ra_rt_info_max_plen=64

**SETUP-SVM-29**: Please note that after the vRouter successfully initializes and starts sending RA (Router
Advertisement) message (**SETUP-SVM-20**), you would see an IPv6 route to the ``2001:db8:0:2::/64`` prefix
(subnet) reachable via LLA (Link Local Address) of ``eth0`` interface of the ``vRouter``. You can execute the
following command to list the IPv6 routes.

.. code-block:: bash

    ip -6 route show

********************************
Testing to Verify Setup Complete
********************************

Now, let us ``ssh`` to one of the VMs, e.g. VM1, to confirm that it has successfully configured the IPv6 address
using ``SLAAC`` with prefix ``2001:db8:0:2::/64`` from ``vRouter``.

Please note that you need to get the IPv4 address associated to VM1. This can be inferred from ``nova list`` command.

**SETUP-SVM-30**: ``ssh`` VM1

.. code-block:: bash

    ssh -i /home/odl/vRouterKey cirros@<VM1-IPv4-address>

If everything goes well, ``ssh`` will be successful and you will be logged into VM1. Run some commands to verify
that IPv6 addresses are configured on ``eth0`` interface.

**SETUP-SVM-31**: Show an IPv6 address with a prefix of ``2001:db8:0:2::/64``

.. code-block:: bash

    ip address show

**SETUP-SVM-32**: ping some external IPv6 address, e.g. ``ipv6-router``

.. code-block:: bash

    ping6 2001:db8:0:1::1

If the above ping6 command succeeds, it implies that ``vRouter`` was able to successfully forward the IPv6 traffic
to reach external ``ipv6-router``.

**SETUP-SVM-33**: When all tests show that the setup works as expected, You can now exit the ``ipv6-router`` namespace.

.. code-block:: bash

    exit

**********
Next Steps
**********

Congratulations, you have completed the setup of using a service VM to act as an IPv6 vRouter. This setup allows further
open innovation by any 3rd-party. Please refer to relevant sections in User's Guide for further value-added services on
this IPv6 vRouter.

********************************************************
Sample Network Topology of this Setup through Horizon UI
********************************************************

The sample network topology of above setup is shown in Horizon UI as follows :numref:`figure3`:

.. figure:: images/ipv6-sample-in-horizon.png
   :name: figure3
   :width: 100%

   Sample Network Topology in Horizon UI