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authorhongbotian <hongbo.tianhongbo@huawei.com>2015-11-30 03:10:21 -0500
committerhongbotian <hongbo.tianhongbo@huawei.com>2015-11-30 03:10:21 -0500
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tree5cb95cb0e19e03610525903df46279df2c3b7eb1 /rubbos/app/httpd-2.0.64/srclib/pcre/doc/pcreposix.3
parentb6d3d6e668b793220f2d3af1bc3e828553dc3fe6 (diff)
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-.TH PCRE 3
-.SH NAME
-pcreposix - POSIX API for Perl-compatible regular expressions.
-.SH SYNOPSIS
-.B #include <pcreposix.h>
-.PP
-.SM
-.br
-.B int regcomp(regex_t *\fIpreg\fR, const char *\fIpattern\fR,
-.ti +5n
-.B int \fIcflags\fR);
-.PP
-.br
-.B int regexec(regex_t *\fIpreg\fR, const char *\fIstring\fR,
-.ti +5n
-.B size_t \fInmatch\fR, regmatch_t \fIpmatch\fR[], int \fIeflags\fR);
-.PP
-.br
-.B size_t regerror(int \fIerrcode\fR, const regex_t *\fIpreg\fR,
-.ti +5n
-.B char *\fIerrbuf\fR, size_t \fIerrbuf_size\fR);
-.PP
-.br
-.B void regfree(regex_t *\fIpreg\fR);
-
-
-.SH DESCRIPTION
-This set of functions provides a POSIX-style API to the PCRE regular expression
-package. See the \fBpcre\fR documentation for a description of the native API,
-which contains additional functionality.
-
-The functions described here are just wrapper functions that ultimately call
-the native API. Their prototypes are defined in the \fBpcreposix.h\fR header
-file, and on Unix systems the library itself is called \fBpcreposix.a\fR, so
-can be accessed by adding \fB-lpcreposix\fR to the command for linking an
-application which uses them. Because the POSIX functions call the native ones,
-it is also necessary to add \fR-lpcre\fR.
-
-I have implemented only those option bits that can be reasonably mapped to PCRE
-native options. In addition, the options REG_EXTENDED and REG_NOSUB are defined
-with the value zero. They have no effect, but since programs that are written
-to the POSIX interface often use them, this makes it easier to slot in PCRE as
-a replacement library. Other POSIX options are not even defined.
-
-When PCRE is called via these functions, it is only the API that is POSIX-like
-in style. The syntax and semantics of the regular expressions themselves are
-still those of Perl, subject to the setting of various PCRE options, as
-described below.
-
-The header for these functions is supplied as \fBpcreposix.h\fR to avoid any
-potential clash with other POSIX libraries. It can, of course, be renamed or
-aliased as \fBregex.h\fR, which is the "correct" name. It provides two
-structure types, \fIregex_t\fR for compiled internal forms, and
-\fIregmatch_t\fR for returning captured substrings. It also defines some
-constants whose names start with "REG_"; these are used for setting options and
-identifying error codes.
-
-
-.SH COMPILING A PATTERN
-
-The function \fBregcomp()\fR is called to compile a pattern into an
-internal form. The pattern is a C string terminated by a binary zero, and
-is passed in the argument \fIpattern\fR. The \fIpreg\fR argument is a pointer
-to a regex_t structure which is used as a base for storing information about
-the compiled expression.
-
-The argument \fIcflags\fR is either zero, or contains one or more of the bits
-defined by the following macros:
-
- REG_ICASE
-
-The PCRE_CASELESS option is set when the expression is passed for compilation
-to the native function.
-
- REG_NEWLINE
-
-The PCRE_MULTILINE option is set when the expression is passed for compilation
-to the native function.
-
-In the absence of these flags, no options are passed to the native function.
-This means the the regex is compiled with PCRE default semantics. In
-particular, the way it handles newline characters in the subject string is the
-Perl way, not the POSIX way. Note that setting PCRE_MULTILINE has only
-\fIsome\fR of the effects specified for REG_NEWLINE. It does not affect the way
-newlines are matched by . (they aren't) or a negative class such as [^a] (they
-are).
-
-The yield of \fBregcomp()\fR is zero on success, and non-zero otherwise. The
-\fIpreg\fR structure is filled in on success, and one member of the structure
-is publicized: \fIre_nsub\fR contains the number of capturing subpatterns in
-the regular expression. Various error codes are defined in the header file.
-
-
-.SH MATCHING A PATTERN
-The function \fBregexec()\fR is called to match a pre-compiled pattern
-\fIpreg\fR against a given \fIstring\fR, which is terminated by a zero byte,
-subject to the options in \fIeflags\fR. These can be:
-
- REG_NOTBOL
-
-The PCRE_NOTBOL option is set when calling the underlying PCRE matching
-function.
-
- REG_NOTEOL
-
-The PCRE_NOTEOL option is set when calling the underlying PCRE matching
-function.
-
-The portion of the string that was matched, and also any captured substrings,
-are returned via the \fIpmatch\fR argument, which points to an array of
-\fInmatch\fR structures of type \fIregmatch_t\fR, containing the members
-\fIrm_so\fR and \fIrm_eo\fR. These contain the offset to the first character of
-each substring and the offset to the first character after the end of each
-substring, respectively. The 0th element of the vector relates to the entire
-portion of \fIstring\fR that was matched; subsequent elements relate to the
-capturing subpatterns of the regular expression. Unused entries in the array
-have both structure members set to -1.
-
-A successful match yields a zero return; various error codes are defined in the
-header file, of which REG_NOMATCH is the "expected" failure code.
-
-
-.SH ERROR MESSAGES
-The \fBregerror()\fR function maps a non-zero errorcode from either
-\fBregcomp\fR or \fBregexec\fR to a printable message. If \fIpreg\fR is not
-NULL, the error should have arisen from the use of that structure. A message
-terminated by a binary zero is placed in \fIerrbuf\fR. The length of the
-message, including the zero, is limited to \fIerrbuf_size\fR. The yield of the
-function is the size of buffer needed to hold the whole message.
-
-
-.SH STORAGE
-Compiling a regular expression causes memory to be allocated and associated
-with the \fIpreg\fR structure. The function \fBregfree()\fR frees all such
-memory, after which \fIpreg\fR may no longer be used as a compiled expression.
-
-
-.SH AUTHOR
-Philip Hazel <ph10@cam.ac.uk>
-.br
-University Computing Service,
-.br
-New Museums Site,
-.br
-Cambridge CB2 3QG, England.
-.br
-Phone: +44 1223 334714
-
-Copyright (c) 1997-2000 University of Cambridge.