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authorhongbotian <hongbo.tianhongbo@huawei.com>2015-11-30 01:45:08 -0500
committerhongbotian <hongbo.tianhongbo@huawei.com>2015-11-30 01:45:08 -0500
commite8ec7aa8e38a93f5b034ac74cebce5de23710317 (patch)
treeaa031937bf856c1f8d6ad7877b8d2cb0224da5ef /rubbos/app/httpd-2.0.64/docs/manual/mod/mod_negotiation.html.en
parentcc40af334e619bb549038238507407866f774f8f (diff)
upload http
JIRA: BOTTLENECK-10 Change-Id: I7598427ff904df438ce77c2819ee48ac75ffa8da Signed-off-by: hongbotian <hongbo.tianhongbo@huawei.com>
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+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>
+<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd">
+<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><head><!--
+ XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
+ This file is generated from xml source: DO NOT EDIT
+ XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX
+ -->
+<title>mod_negotiation - Apache HTTP Server</title>
+<link href="../style/css/manual.css" rel="stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="Main stylesheet" />
+<link href="../style/css/manual-loose-100pc.css" rel="alternate stylesheet" media="all" type="text/css" title="No Sidebar - Default font size" />
+<link href="../style/css/manual-print.css" rel="stylesheet" media="print" type="text/css" />
+<link href="../images/favicon.ico" rel="shortcut icon" /></head>
+<body>
+<div id="page-header">
+<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p>
+<p class="apache">Apache HTTP Server Version 2.0</p>
+<img alt="" src="../images/feather.gif" /></div>
+<div class="up"><a href="./"><img title="&lt;-" alt="&lt;-" src="../images/left.gif" /></a></div>
+<div id="path">
+<a href="http://www.apache.org/">Apache</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/">HTTP Server</a> &gt; <a href="http://httpd.apache.org/docs/">Documentation</a> &gt; <a href="../">Version 2.0</a> &gt; <a href="./">Modules</a></div>
+<div id="page-content">
+<div id="preamble"><h1>Apache Module mod_negotiation</h1>
+<div class="toplang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_negotiation.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ja/mod/mod_negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div>
+<table class="module"><tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Provides for <a href="../content-negotiation.html">content negotiation</a></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#ModuleIdentifier">Module Identifier:</a></th><td>negotiation_module</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="module-dict.html#SourceFile">Source File:</a></th><td>mod_negotiation.c</td></tr></table>
+<h3>Summary</h3>
+
+ <p>Content negotiation, or more accurately content selection, is
+ the selection of the document that best matches the clients
+ capabilities, from one of several available documents. There
+ are two implementations of this.</p>
+
+ <ul>
+ <li>A type map (a file with the handler
+ <code>type-map</code>) which explicitly lists the files
+ containing the variants.</li>
+
+ <li>A MultiViews search (enabled by the <code>MultiViews</code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code>), where the server does
+ an implicit filename pattern match, and choose from amongst the
+ results.</li>
+ </ul>
+</div>
+<div id="quickview"><h3 class="directives">Directives</h3>
+<ul id="toc">
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#cachenegotiateddocs">CacheNegotiatedDocs</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></li>
+</ul>
+<h3>Topics</h3>
+<ul id="topics">
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#typemaps">Type maps</a></li>
+<li><img alt="" src="../images/down.gif" /> <a href="#multiviews">MultiViews</a></li>
+</ul><h3>See also</h3>
+<ul class="seealso">
+<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code></li>
+<li><code class="module"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html">mod_mime</a></code></li>
+<li><a href="../content-negotiation.html">Content
+Negotiation</a></li>
+<li><a href="../env.html">Environment Variables</a></li>
+</ul></div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="typemaps" id="typemaps">Type maps</a></h2>
+ <p>A type map has a format similar to RFC822 mail headers. It
+ contains document descriptions separated by blank lines, with
+ lines beginning with a hash character ('#') treated as
+ comments. A document description consists of several header
+ records; records may be continued on multiple lines if the
+ continuation lines start with spaces. The leading space will be
+ deleted and the lines concatenated. A header record consists of
+ a keyword name, which always ends in a colon, followed by a
+ value. Whitespace is allowed between the header name and value,
+ and between the tokens of value. The headers allowed are: </p>
+
+ <dl>
+ <dt><code>Content-Encoding:</code></dt>
+ <dd>The encoding of the file. Apache only recognizes
+ encodings that are defined by an <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addencoding">AddEncoding</a></code> directive.
+ This normally includes the encodings <code>x-compress</code>
+ for compress'd files, and <code>x-gzip</code> for gzip'd
+ files. The <code>x-</code> prefix is ignored for encoding
+ comparisons.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code>Content-Language:</code></dt>
+ <dd>The language(s) of the variant, as an Internet standard
+ language tag (<a href="http://www.ietf.org/rfc/rfc1766.txt">RFC 1766</a>). An example is <code>en</code>,
+ meaning English. If the variant contains more than one
+ language, they are separated by a comma.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code>Content-Length:</code></dt>
+ <dd>The length of the file, in bytes. If this header is not
+ present, then the actual length of the file is used.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code>Content-Type:</code></dt>
+
+ <dd>
+ The MIME media type of the document, with optional
+ parameters. Parameters are separated from the media type
+ and from one another by a semi-colon, with a syntax of
+ <code>name=value</code>. Common parameters include:
+
+ <dl>
+ <dt><code>level</code></dt>
+ <dd>an integer specifying the version of the media type.
+ For <code>text/html</code> this defaults to 2, otherwise
+ 0.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code>qs</code></dt>
+ <dd>a floating-point number with a value in the range 0.0
+ to 1.0, indicating the relative 'quality' of this variant
+ compared to the other available variants, independent of
+ the client's capabilities. For example, a jpeg file is
+ usually of higher source quality than an ascii file if it
+ is attempting to represent a photograph. However, if the
+ resource being represented is ascii art, then an ascii
+ file would have a higher source quality than a jpeg file.
+ All <code>qs</code> values are therefore specific to a given
+ resource.</dd>
+ </dl>
+
+ <div class="example"><h3>Example</h3><p><code>
+ Content-Type: image/jpeg; qs=0.8
+ </code></p></div>
+ </dd>
+
+ <dt><code>URI:</code></dt>
+ <dd>uri of the file containing the variant (of the given
+ media type, encoded with the given content encoding). These
+ are interpreted as URLs relative to the map file; they must
+ be on the same server (!), and they must refer to files to
+ which the client would be granted access if they were to be
+ requested directly.</dd>
+
+ <dt><code>Body:</code></dt>
+ <dd>New in Apache 2.0, the actual content of the resource may
+ be included in the type-map file using the Body header. This
+ header must contain a string that designates a delimiter for
+ the body content. Then all following lines in the type map
+ file will be considered part of the resource body until the
+ delimiter string is found.
+
+ <div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
+ Body:----xyz----<br />
+ &lt;html&gt;<br />
+ &lt;body&gt;<br />
+ &lt;p&gt;Content of the page.&lt;/p&gt;<br />
+ &lt;/body&gt;<br />
+ &lt;/html&gt;<br />
+ ----xyz----
+ </code></p></div>
+ </dd>
+ </dl>
+</div><div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="section">
+<h2><a name="multiviews" id="multiviews">MultiViews</a></h2>
+ <p>A MultiViews search is enabled by the <code>MultiViews</code>
+ <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/core.html#options">Options</a></code>. If the server receives a
+ request for <code>/some/dir/foo</code> and
+ <code>/some/dir/foo</code> does <em>not</em> exist, then the
+ server reads the directory looking for all files named
+ <code>foo.*</code>, and effectively fakes up a type map which
+ names all those files, assigning them the same media types and
+ content-encodings it would have if the client had asked for one
+ of them by name. It then chooses the best match to the client's
+ requirements, and returns that document.</p>
+
+ <p>The <code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#multiviewsmatch">MultiViewsMatch</a></code>
+ directive configures whether Apache will consider files
+ that do not have content negotiation meta-information assigned
+ to them when choosing files.</p>
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="CacheNegotiatedDocs" id="CacheNegotiatedDocs">CacheNegotiatedDocs</a> <a name="cachenegotiateddocs" id="cachenegotiateddocs">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Allows content-negotiated documents to be
+cached by proxy servers</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>CacheNegotiatedDocs On|Off</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>CacheNegotiatedDocs Off</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_negotiation</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>The syntax changed in version 2.0.</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>If set, this directive allows content-negotiated documents
+ to be cached by proxy servers. This could mean that clients
+ behind those proxys could retrieve versions of the documents
+ that are not the best match for their abilities, but it will
+ make caching more efficient.</p>
+
+ <p>This directive only applies to requests which come from
+ HTTP/1.0 browsers. HTTP/1.1 provides much better control over
+ the caching of negotiated documents, and this directive has no
+ effect in responses to HTTP/1.1 requests.</p>
+
+ <p>Prior to version 2.0,
+ <code class="directive">CacheNegotiatedDocs</code> did not take an
+ argument; it was turned on by the presence of the directive by
+ itself.</p>
+
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="ForceLanguagePriority" id="ForceLanguagePriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a> <a name="forcelanguagepriority" id="forcelanguagepriority">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>Action to take if a single acceptable document is not
+found</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>ForceLanguagePriority None|Prefer|Fallback [Prefer|Fallback]</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Default">Default:</a></th><td><code>ForceLanguagePriority Prefer</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_negotiation</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Compatibility">Compatibility:</a></th><td>Available in version 2.0.30 and later</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>The <code class="directive">ForceLanguagePriority</code> directive uses
+ the given <code class="directive"><a href="#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code> to satisfy
+ negotation where the server could otherwise not return a single
+ matching document.</p>
+
+ <p><code>ForceLanguagePriority Prefer</code> uses
+ <code>LanguagePriority</code> to serve a one valid result, rather
+ than returning an HTTP result 300 (MULTIPLE CHOICES) when there
+ are several equally valid choices. If the directives below were
+ given, and the user's <code>Accept-Language</code> header assigned
+ <code>en</code> and <code>de</code> each as quality <code>.500</code>
+ (equally acceptable) then the first matching variant, <code>en</code>,
+ will be served.</p>
+
+ <div class="example"><p><code>
+ LanguagePriority en fr de<br />
+ ForceLanguagePriority Prefer
+ </code></p></div>
+
+ <p><code>ForceLanguagePriority Fallback</code> uses
+ <code class="directive"><a href="#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code> to
+ serve a valid result, rather than returning an HTTP result 406
+ (NOT ACCEPTABLE). If the directives below were given, and the user's
+ <code>Accept-Language</code> only permitted an <code>es</code>
+ language response, but such a variant isn't found, then the first
+ variant from the <code class="directive"><a href="#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code> list below will be served.</p>
+
+ <div class="example"><p><code>
+ LanguagePriority en fr de<br />
+ ForceLanguagePriority Fallback
+ </code></p></div>
+
+ <p>Both options, <code>Prefer</code> and <code>Fallback</code>, may be
+ specified, so either the first matching variant from <code class="directive"><a href="#languagepriority">LanguagePriority</a></code> will be served if
+ more than one variant is acceptable, or first available document will
+ be served if none of the variants matched the client's acceptable list
+ of languages.</p>
+
+<h3>See also</h3>
+<ul>
+<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addlanguage">AddLanguage</a></code></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+<div class="top"><a href="#page-header"><img alt="top" src="../images/up.gif" /></a></div>
+<div class="directive-section"><h2><a name="LanguagePriority" id="LanguagePriority">LanguagePriority</a> <a name="languagepriority" id="languagepriority">Directive</a></h2>
+<table class="directive">
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Description">Description:</a></th><td>The precendence of language variants for cases where
+the client does not express a preference</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Syntax">Syntax:</a></th><td><code>LanguagePriority <var>MIME-lang</var> [<var>MIME-lang</var>]
+...</code></td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Context">Context:</a></th><td>server config, virtual host, directory, .htaccess</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Override">Override:</a></th><td>FileInfo</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Status">Status:</a></th><td>Base</td></tr>
+<tr><th><a href="directive-dict.html#Module">Module:</a></th><td>mod_negotiation</td></tr>
+</table>
+ <p>The <code class="directive">LanguagePriority</code> sets the precedence
+ of language variants for the case where the client does not
+ express a preference, when handling a MultiViews request. The list
+ of <var>MIME-lang</var> are in order of decreasing preference.</p>
+
+ <div class="example"><h3>Example:</h3><p><code>
+ LanguagePriority en fr de
+ </code></p></div>
+
+ <p>For a request for <code>foo.html</code>, where
+ <code>foo.html.fr</code> and <code>foo.html.de</code> both
+ existed, but the browser did not express a language preference,
+ then <code>foo.html.fr</code> would be returned.</p>
+
+ <p>Note that this directive only has an effect if a 'best'
+ language cannot be determined by any other means or the <code class="directive"><a href="#forcelanguagepriority">ForceLanguagePriority</a></code> directive
+ is not <code>None</code>. In general, the client determines the
+ language preference, not the server.</p>
+
+<h3>See also</h3>
+<ul>
+<li><code class="directive"><a href="../mod/mod_mime.html#addlanguage">AddLanguage</a></code></li>
+</ul>
+</div>
+</div>
+<div class="bottomlang">
+<p><span>Available Languages: </span><a href="../en/mod/mod_negotiation.html" title="English">&nbsp;en&nbsp;</a> |
+<a href="../ja/mod/mod_negotiation.html" hreflang="ja" rel="alternate" title="Japanese">&nbsp;ja&nbsp;</a></p>
+</div><div id="footer">
+<p class="apache">Copyright 2009 The Apache Software Foundation.<br />Licensed under the <a href="http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0">Apache License, Version 2.0</a>.</p>
+<p class="menu"><a href="../mod/">Modules</a> | <a href="../mod/directives.html">Directives</a> | <a href="../faq/">FAQ</a> | <a href="../glossary.html">Glossary</a> | <a href="../sitemap.html">Sitemap</a></p></div>
+</body></html> \ No newline at end of file