From 644a3509ba1c07ae84253f36af60a1b5b0703452 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Trevor Cooper Date: Wed, 22 Mar 2017 14:15:01 -0700 Subject: Moved requirements to developer dir Change-Id: I2fa9e32d4ae92aa1f075c1da8e2acb3912f3f7bc Signed-off-by: Trevor Cooper --- docs/requirements/LICENSE | 2 - docs/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE | 12 - .../draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml | 1016 ------------ .../draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml | 1027 ------------ .../draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml | 964 ----------- .../draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml | 1016 ------------ .../draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml | 1016 ------------ docs/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png | Bin 104244 -> 0 bytes docs/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png | Bin 80797 -> 0 bytes docs/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png | Bin 122975 -> 0 bytes .../vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png | Bin 99544 -> 0 bytes docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst | 1712 -------------------- docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst | 1348 --------------- docs/testing/developer/requirements/LICENSE | 2 + .../developer/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE | 12 + .../draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml | 1016 ++++++++++++ .../draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml | 1027 ++++++++++++ .../draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml | 964 +++++++++++ .../draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml | 1016 ++++++++++++ .../draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml | 1016 ++++++++++++ .../requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png | Bin 0 -> 104244 bytes .../developer/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png | Bin 0 -> 80797 bytes .../requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png | Bin 0 -> 122975 bytes .../vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png | Bin 0 -> 99544 bytes .../developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst | 1712 ++++++++++++++++++++ .../developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst | 1348 +++++++++++++++ 26 files changed, 8113 insertions(+), 8113 deletions(-) delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/LICENSE delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst delete mode 100644 docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/LICENSE create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst create mode 100644 docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst diff --git a/docs/requirements/LICENSE b/docs/requirements/LICENSE deleted file mode 100644 index 7bc572ce..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/LICENSE +++ /dev/null @@ -1,2 +0,0 @@ -This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. -http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE deleted file mode 100644 index 7fc9ae14..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE +++ /dev/null @@ -1,12 +0,0 @@ -Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the -document authors. All rights reserved. - -This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal -Provisions Relating to IETF Documents -(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of -publication of this document. Please review these documents -carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect -to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must -include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of -the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as -described in the Simplified BSD License. diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 2259b23c..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1016 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Benchmarking Virtual Switches in - OPNFV - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - maryam.tahhan@intel.com - - -
- - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - billy.o.mahony@intel.com - - -
- - - - AT&T Labs - -
- - 200 Laurel Avenue South - - Middletown, - - NJ - - 07748 - - USA - - - +1 732 420 1571 - - +1 732 368 1192 - - acmorton@att.com - - http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ -
- - - - - - This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) - project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project - intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking - Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. - The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted - laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of - internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the - additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in - general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also - influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" - infrastructure. - - - - The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", - "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this - document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. - - - - - - -
- Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally - conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical - implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks - of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our - industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has - the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and - therefore has garnered much attention. - - This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV - (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, - "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and - completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by - referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often - referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is - common and strong. - - See - https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases - for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: - https://www.opnfv.org/ - - The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open - source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing - "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in - which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance - dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of - isochronous media streams is one example. - - Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many - new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are - currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other - projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We - acknowledge the early work in , and useful - discussion with the authors. -
- -
- The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry - of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature - and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking - virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these - extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware - switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). - Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and - commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's - chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch - is an important aspect of that infrastructure). -
- -
- This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual - switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, - as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) - document. - -
- To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations - with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. - BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo - re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them - during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the - number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance - with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was - reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. - - It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application - running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory - footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of - internetworking functions. -
- -
- External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. - Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will - be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations - procedures when the technology is deployed. -
- -
- A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying - to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When - benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that - can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the - various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists - some of the many new parameters which this project believes are - critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. - - Hardware details including: - - - Platform details - - Processor details - - Memory information (type and size) - - Number of enabled cores - - Number of cores used for the test - - Number of physical NICs, as well as their details - (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged - into) - - NIC interrupt configuration - - BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were - modified - - CPU microcode level - - Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be - the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations - - PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack - option...) - - Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor - package, OS...) - Software details including: - - - OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at - the console on one system) - - OS version (for host and VNF) - - Kernel version (for host and VNF) - - GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) - - Hypervisor details (Type and version) - - Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used - - vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised - - Memory allocation to the vSwitch - - which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels - - DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id - used - - Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere - - VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent - non-persistent - - Number of VMs - - Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver - - Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host - - Number vNIC interrupt configuration - - Thread affinitization for the applications (including the - vSwitch itself) on the host - - Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for - Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes - (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. - - - Test Traffic Information: - Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other - - Packet Sizes - - Deployment Scenario - - - -
- -
- Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and - matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching - packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a - sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values - (5-tuple) or have arrived on the same port. Performance results can - vary based on the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The - recommended flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance - tests are: the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP - address and the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to - increase the flow timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any - performance tests that do not measure the flow setup time. Normally - the first packet of a particular stream will install the flow in the - virtual switch which adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of - the same flow are not subject to this latency if the flow is already - installed on the vSwitch. -
- -
- This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated - resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this - time. - - - Baselines: - Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without - a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of - platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance - for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and - latency).
- Benchmark platform forwarding - capability - - - - -
- - Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct - connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 - hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to - obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its - maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered - from this test will serve as a key comparison point for - vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch - performance.
- Benchmark VNF forwarding capability - - - - -
- - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other - resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are - SUT - - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some - resources unused - - Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources - occupied - - - Next Steps - Limited sharing - - Production scenarios - - Stressful scenarios - - -
-
- -
- The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level - Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance - tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the - pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of - physical switches. These specifications include: - - - Benchmarking Methodology for Network - Interconnect Devices - - Benchmarking Methodology for LAN - Switching - - Device Reset Characterization - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for - the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment - developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community - have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test - system. - - In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined - by: - - - Benchmarking Terminology for LAN - Switching Devices - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - - - Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD - include: - Methodology for IP Multicast - Benchmarking - - Packet Reordering Metrics - - - As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking - characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the - switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the - specification. - - When considering characteristics important to "telco" network - functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In - this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the - IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a - metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of - statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further - metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as - defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT - availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at - Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present - and characterized. - - Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics - below: - - - Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in - frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load - (as defined by ) without traffic loss. - - Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min - and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. - - Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for - different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover - outliers. - - Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs - as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding - logic’s configuration… it has to deal with - increases. - - Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer - performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through - the switch. - - Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how - closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the - effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: - delay of the initial packet of a flow). - - CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual - switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as - auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU - utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. - - The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted - over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, and - at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture transient - changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent processes - or the low probability coincidence of two or more processes. The - performance must be evaluated periodically during continuous - testing, and this results in use of Frame - Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which - requires stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit - internal queues). - - - Future/planned test specs include: - Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the - transaction rate through the switch. - - Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource - sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. - - Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 - requirements on characterization of - acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. - The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a - network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to - characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment - scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to physical - port - - -
- -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- - A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test - Methodology Wiki page . -
- -
- This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the - "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). - Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is - organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are - occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics - when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current - version of the LTD specification is available . - - The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data - plane, rather than the control plane. - - A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the - VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . - -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate - - PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency - -
- -
- - CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime - - Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime - -
- -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate - - CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification - - Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames - - Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate - - Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure - - Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering - - Throughput.RFC2544.Profile - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.Soak - - Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification - - PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak - -
- -
- - Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability - -
- -
-
- -
-
-
- -
- Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to - technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test - (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with - dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections - above. - - The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup - and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic - into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management - network. - - Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying - solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. - - Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for - benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising - from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production - networks. -
- -
- No IANA Action is requested at this time. -
- -
- The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, - Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, - Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews. -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability - Best Practices - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Test Topologies - https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Spec Overview - https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Specification - http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/index.html - - - - - - - - - - - - Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release - https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra - - - - - - - - - - - - https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ - - - - - - - - - - - diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml deleted file mode 100644 index c8a3d99b..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1027 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Benchmarking Virtual Switches in - OPNFV - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - maryam.tahhan@intel.com - - -
- - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - billy.o.mahony@intel.com - - -
- - - - AT&T Labs - -
- - 200 Laurel Avenue South - - Middletown, - - NJ - - 07748 - - USA - - - +1 732 420 1571 - - +1 732 368 1192 - - acmorton@att.com - - http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ -
- - - - - - This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) - project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project - intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking - Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. - The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted - laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of - internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the - additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in - general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also - influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" - infrastructure. - - - - The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", - "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this - document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. - - - - - - -
- Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally - conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical - implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks - of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our - industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has - the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and - therefore has garnered much attention. - - This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV - (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, - "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and - completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by - referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often - referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is - common and strong. - - See - https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases - for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: - https://www.opnfv.org/ - - The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open - source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing - "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in - which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance - dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of - isochronous media streams is one example. - - Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many - new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are - currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other - projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We - acknowledge the early work in , and useful - discussion with the authors. -
- -
- The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry - of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature - and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking - virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these - extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware - switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). - Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and - commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's - chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch - is an important aspect of that infrastructure). - - The benchmarking covered in this memo should be applicable to many - types of vswitches, and remain vswitch-agnostic to great degree. There - has been no attempt to track and test all features of any specific - vswitch implementation. -
- -
- This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual - switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, - as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) - document. - -
- To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations - with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. - BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo - re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them - during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the - number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance - with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was - reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. - - It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application - running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory - footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of - internetworking functions. -
- -
- External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. - Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will - be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations - procedures when the technology is deployed. -
- -
- A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying - to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When - benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that - can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the - various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists - some of the many new parameters which this project believes are - critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. - - Hardware details including: - - - Platform details - - Processor details - - Memory information (type and size) - - Number of enabled cores - - Number of cores used for the test - - Number of physical NICs, as well as their details - (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged - into) - - NIC interrupt configuration - - BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were - modified - - CPU microcode level - - Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be - the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations - - PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack - option...) - - Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor - package, OS...) - Software details including: - - - OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at - the console on one system) - - OS version (for host and VNF) - - Kernel version (for host and VNF) - - GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) - - Hypervisor details (Type and version) - - Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used - - vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised - - Memory allocation to the vSwitch - - which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels - - DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id - used - - Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere - - VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent - non-persistent - - Number of VMs - - Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver - - Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host - - Number vNIC interrupt configuration - - Thread affinitization for the applications (including the - vSwitch itself) on the host - - Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for - Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes - (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. - - - Test Traffic Information: - Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other - - Packet Sizes - - Deployment Scenario - - - -
- -
- Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and - matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching - packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a - sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values - (5-tuple) or have arrived on the same port. Performance results can - vary based on the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The - recommended flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance - tests are: the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP - address and the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to - increase the flow timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any - performance tests that do not measure the flow setup time. Normally - the first packet of a particular stream will install the flow in the - virtual switch which adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of - the same flow are not subject to this latency if the flow is already - installed on the vSwitch. -
- -
- This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated - resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this - time. - - - Baselines: - Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without - a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of - platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance - for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and - latency).
- Benchmark platform forwarding - capability - - - - -
- - Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct - connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 - hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to - obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its - maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered - from this test will serve as a key comparison point for - vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch - performance.
- Benchmark VNF forwarding capability - - - - -
- - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other - resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are - SUT - - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some - resources unused - - Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources - occupied - - - Next Steps - Limited sharing - - Production scenarios - - Stressful scenarios - - -
-
- -
- The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level - Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance - tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the - pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of - physical switches. These specifications include: - - - Benchmarking Methodology for Network - Interconnect Devices - - Benchmarking Methodology for LAN - Switching - - Device Reset Characterization - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for - the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment - developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community - have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test - system. - - In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined - by: - - - Benchmarking Terminology for LAN - Switching Devices - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - - - Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD - include: - Methodology for IP Multicast - Benchmarking - - Packet Reordering Metrics - - - As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking - characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the - switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the - specification. - - When considering characteristics important to "telco" network - functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In - this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the - IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a - metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of - statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further - metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as - defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT - availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at - Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present - and characterized. - - Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics - below: - - - Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in - frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load - (as defined by ) without traffic loss. - - Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min - and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. - - Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for - different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover - outliers. - - Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs - as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding - logic’s configuration… it has to deal with - increases. - - Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer - performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through - the switch. - - Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how - closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the - effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: - delay of the initial packet of a flow). - - CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual - switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as - auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU - utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. - - The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted - over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, but - only long enough to determine that stability issues exist when - found; there is no requirement to continue a test when a DUT - exhibits instability over time). The key performance characteristics - and benchmarks for a DUT are determined (using short duration tests) - prior to conducting soak tests. The purpose of soak tests is to - capture transient changes in performance which may occur due to - infrequent processes, memory leaks, or the low probability - coincidence of two or more processes. The stability of the DUT is - the paramount consideration, so performance must be evaluated - periodically during continuous testing, and this results in use of - Frame Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which requires stopping traffic to - allow time for all traffic to exit internal queues), for - example. - - - Future/planned test specs include: - Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the - transaction rate through the switch. - - Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource - sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. - - Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 - requirements on characterization of - acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. - The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a - network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to - characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment - scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to physical - port - - -
- -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- - A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test - Methodology Wiki page . -
- -
- This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the - "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). - Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is - organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are - occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics - when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current - version of the LTD specification is available . - - The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data - plane, rather than the control plane. - - A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the - VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . - -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate - - PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency - -
- -
- - CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime - - Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime - -
- -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate - - CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification - - Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames - - Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate - - Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure - - Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering - - Throughput.RFC2544.Profile - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.Soak - - Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification - - PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak - -
- -
- - Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability - -
- -
-
- -
-
-
- -
- Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to - technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test - (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with - dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections - above. - - The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup - and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic - into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management - network. - - Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying - solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. - - Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for - benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising - from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production - networks. -
- -
- No IANA Action is requested at this time. -
- -
- The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, - Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, - Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews. -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability - Best Practices - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Test Topologies - https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Spec Overview - https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Specification - http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/brahmaputra/docs/requirements/index.html - - - - - - - - - - - - Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release - https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra - - - - - - - - - - - - https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ - - - - - - - - - - - diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml deleted file mode 100644 index b5f7f833..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,964 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Benchmarking Virtual Switches in - OPNFV - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - maryam.tahhan@intel.com - - -
- - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - billy.o.mahony@intel.com - - -
- - - - AT&T Labs - -
- - 200 Laurel Avenue South - - Middletown, - - NJ - - 07748 - - USA - - - +1 732 420 1571 - - +1 732 368 1192 - - acmorton@att.com - - http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ -
- - - - - - This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) - project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project - intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking - Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. - The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted - laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of - internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the - additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in - general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also - influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" - infrastructure. - - - - The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", - "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this - document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. - - - - - - -
- Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally - conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical - implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks - of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our - industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has - the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and - therefore has garnered much attention. - - This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) - project on virtual switch performance characterization, "VSWITCHPERF". - This project intends to build on the current and completed work of the - Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing - literature. For example, currently the most often referenced RFC is - (which depends on ) and - foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is common and strong. - - See - https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases - for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: - https://www.opnfv.org/ - - The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open - source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing - "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in - which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance - dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of - isochronous media streams is one example. - - Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many - new benchmarking initiatives across the industry, and the authors are - currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other - projects, and this Internet Draft is evidence of the efforts. -
- -
- The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform BMWG of - work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive literature and - experience. Additionally, once the initial information conveyed here is - received, this memo may be expanded to include more detail and - commentary from both BMWG and OPNFV communities, under BMWG's chartered - work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch is an - important aspect of that infrastructure). -
- -
- This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual - switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, - as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) - document. - -
- To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations - with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. - BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo - re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them - during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the - number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance - with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was - reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. - - It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application - running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory - footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of - internetworking functions. -
- -
- External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. - Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will - be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations - procedures when the technology is deployed. -
- -
- A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying - to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When - benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that - can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the - various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists - some of the many new parameters which this project believes are - critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. - - Hardware details including: - - - Platform details - - Processor details - - Memory information (type and size) - - Number of enabled cores - - Number of cores used for the test - - Number of physical NICs, as well as their details - (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged - into) - - NIC interrupt configuration - - BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were - modified - - CPU microcode level - - Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be - the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations - - PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack - option...) - - Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor - package, OS...) - Software details including: - - - OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at - the console on one system) - - OS version (for host and VNF) - - Kernel version (for host and VNF) - - GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) - - Hypervisor details (Type and version) - - Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used - - vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised - - Memory allocation to the vSwitch - - which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels - - DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id - used - - Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere - - VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent - non-persistent - - Number of VMs - - Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver - - Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host - - Number vNIC interrupt configuration - - Thread affinitization for the applications (including the - vSwitch itself) on the host - - Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for - Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes - (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. - - - Test Traffic Information: - Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other - - Packet Sizes - - Deployment Scenario - - - -
- -
- Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and - matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching - packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a - sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values or - have arrived on the same port. Performance results can vary based on - the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended - flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance tests are: - the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and - the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow - timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that - do not measure the flow setup time. Normally the first packet of a - particular stream will install the flow in the virtual switch which - adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are - not subject to this latency if the flow is already installed on the - vSwitch. -
- -
- This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated - resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this - time. - - - Baselines: - Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without - a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of - platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance - for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and - latency).
- Benchmark platform forwarding - capability - - - - -
- - Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct - connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 - hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to - obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its - maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered - from this test will serve as a key comparison point for - vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch - performance.
- Benchmark VNF forwarding capability - - - - -
- - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other - resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are - SUT - - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some - resources unused - - Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources - occupied - - - Next Steps - Limited sharing - - Production scenarios - - Stressful scenarios - - -
-
- -
- The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level - Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance - tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the - pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of - physical switches. These specifications include: - - - Benchmarking Methodology for Network - Interconnect Devices - - Benchmarking Methodology for LAN - Switching - - Device Reset Characterization - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for - the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment - developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community - have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test - system. - - In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined - by: - - - Benchmarking Terminology for LAN - Switching Devices - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - - - Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD - include: - Methodology for IP Multicast - Benchmarking - - Packet Reordering Metrics - - - As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking - characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the - switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the - specification. - - When considering characteristics important to "telco" network - functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In - this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the - IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a - metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of - statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further - metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as - defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT - availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at - Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present - and characterized. - - Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics - below: - - - Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in - frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load - (as defined by RFC1242) without traffic loss. - - Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min - and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. - - Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for - different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover - outliers. - - Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs - as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding - logic’s configuration… it has to deal with - increases. - - Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer - performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through - the switch. - - Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how - closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the - effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: - delay of the initial packet of a flow). - - CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual - switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as - auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU - utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. - - - Future/planned test specs include: - Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the - transaction rate through the switch. - - Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource - sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. - - Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 - requirements on characterization of - acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. - The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a - network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to - characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment - scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to physical - port - - -
- -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- - A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test - Methodology Wiki page . -
- -
- This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the - "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). - Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is - organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are - occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics - when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). - - The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data - plane, rather than the control plane. - - A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the - VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . - -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate - - PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency - -
- -
- - CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime - - Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime - -
- -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate - - CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification - - Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames - - Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate - - Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure - - Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering - - Throughput.RFC2544.Profile - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.Soak - - Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification - - PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak - -
- -
- - Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability - -
- -
-
- -
-
-
- -
- Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to - technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test - (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with - dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections - above. - - The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup - and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic - into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management - network. - - Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying - solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. - - Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for - benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising - from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production - networks. -
- -
- No IANA Action is requested at this time. -
- -
- The authors acknowledge -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability - Best Practices - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Test Topologies - https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Spec Overview - https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review - - - - - - - - - - - - https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ - - - - - - - - - - - diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml deleted file mode 100644 index a9405a77..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1016 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Benchmarking Virtual Switches in - OPNFV - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - maryam.tahhan@intel.com - - -
- - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - billy.o.mahony@intel.com - - -
- - - - AT&T Labs - -
- - 200 Laurel Avenue South - - Middletown, - - NJ - - 07748 - - USA - - - +1 732 420 1571 - - +1 732 368 1192 - - acmorton@att.com - - http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ -
- - - - - - This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) - project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project - intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking - Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. - The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted - laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of - internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the - additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in - general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also - influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" - infrastructure. - - - - The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", - "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this - document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. - - - - - - -
- Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally - conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical - implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks - of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our - industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has - the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and - therefore has garnered much attention. - - This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV - (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, - "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and - completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by - referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often - referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is - common and strong. - - See - https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases - for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: - https://www.opnfv.org/ - - The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open - source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing - "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in - which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance - dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of - isochronous media streams is one example. - - Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many - new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are - currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other - projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We - acknowledge the early work in , and useful - discussion with the authors. -
- -
- The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry - of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature - and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking - virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these - extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware - switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). - Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and - commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's - chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch - is an important aspect of that infrastructure). -
- -
- This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual - switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, - as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) - document. - -
- To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations - with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. - BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo - re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them - during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the - number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance - with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was - reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. - - It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application - running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory - footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of - internetworking functions. -
- -
- External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. - Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will - be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations - procedures when the technology is deployed. -
- -
- A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying - to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When - benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that - can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the - various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists - some of the many new parameters which this project believes are - critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. - - Hardware details including: - - - Platform details - - Processor details - - Memory information (type and size) - - Number of enabled cores - - Number of cores used for the test - - Number of physical NICs, as well as their details - (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged - into) - - NIC interrupt configuration - - BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were - modified - - CPU microcode level - - Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be - the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations - - PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack - option...) - - Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor - package, OS...) - Software details including: - - - OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at - the console on one system) - - OS version (for host and VNF) - - Kernel version (for host and VNF) - - GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) - - Hypervisor details (Type and version) - - Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used - - vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised - - Memory allocation to the vSwitch - - which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels - - DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id - used - - Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere - - VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent - non-persistent - - Number of VMs - - Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver - - Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host - - Number vNIC interrupt configuration - - Thread affinitization for the applications (including the - vSwitch itself) on the host - - Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for - Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes - (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. - - - Test Traffic Information: - Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other - - Packet Sizes - - Deployment Scenario - - - -
- -
- Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and - matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching - packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a - sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values or - have arrived on the same port. Performance results can vary based on - the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended - flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance tests are: - the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and - the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow - timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that - do not measure the flow setup time. Normally the first packet of a - particular stream will install the flow in the virtual switch which - adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are - not subject to this latency if the flow is already installed on the - vSwitch. -
- -
- This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated - resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this - time. - - - Baselines: - Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without - a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of - platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance - for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and - latency).
- Benchmark platform forwarding - capability - - - - -
- - Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct - connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 - hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to - obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its - maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered - from this test will serve as a key comparison point for - vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch - performance.
- Benchmark VNF forwarding capability - - - - -
- - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other - resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are - SUT - - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some - resources unused - - Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources - occupied - - - Next Steps - Limited sharing - - Production scenarios - - Stressful scenarios - - -
-
- -
- The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level - Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance - tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the - pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of - physical switches. These specifications include: - - - Benchmarking Methodology for Network - Interconnect Devices - - Benchmarking Methodology for LAN - Switching - - Device Reset Characterization - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for - the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment - developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community - have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test - system. - - In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined - by: - - - Benchmarking Terminology for LAN - Switching Devices - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - - - Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD - include: - Methodology for IP Multicast - Benchmarking - - Packet Reordering Metrics - - - As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking - characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the - switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the - specification. - - When considering characteristics important to "telco" network - functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In - this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the - IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a - metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of - statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further - metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as - defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT - availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at - Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present - and characterized. - - Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics - below: - - - Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in - frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load - (as defined by ) without traffic loss. - - Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min - and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. - - Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for - different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover - outliers. - - Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs - as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding - logic’s configuration… it has to deal with - increases. - - Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer - performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through - the switch. - - Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how - closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the - effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: - delay of the initial packet of a flow). - - CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual - switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as - auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU - utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. - - The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted - over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, and - at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture transient - changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent processes - or the low probability coincidence of two or more processes. The - performance must be evaluated periodically during continuous - testing, and this results in use of Frame - Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which - requires stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit - internal queues). - - - Future/planned test specs include: - Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the - transaction rate through the switch. - - Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource - sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. - - Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 - requirements on characterization of - acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. - The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a - network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to - characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment - scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to physical - port - - -
- -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- - A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test - Methodology Wiki page . -
- -
- This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the - "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). - Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is - organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are - occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics - when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current - version of the LTD specification is available . - - The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data - plane, rather than the control plane. - - A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the - VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . - -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate - - PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency - -
- -
- - CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime - - Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime - -
- -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate - - CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification - - Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames - - Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate - - Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure - - Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering - - Throughput.RFC2544.Profile - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.Soak - - Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification - - PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak - -
- -
- - Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability - -
- -
-
- -
-
-
- -
- Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to - technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test - (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with - dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections - above. - - The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup - and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic - into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management - network. - - Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying - solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. - - Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for - benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising - from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production - networks. -
- -
- No IANA Action is requested at this time. -
- -
- The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, - Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, and Doug Montgomery, and others for - their reviews. -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability - Best Practices - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Test Topologies - https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Spec Overview - https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Specification - http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/index.html - - - - - - - - - - - - Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release - https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra - - - - - - - - - - - - https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ - - - - - - - - - - - diff --git a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml b/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 9157763e..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1016 +0,0 @@ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Benchmarking Virtual Switches in - OPNFV - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - maryam.tahhan@intel.com - - -
- - - - Intel - -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - billy.o.mahony@intel.com - - -
- - - - AT&T Labs - -
- - 200 Laurel Avenue South - - Middletown, - - NJ - - 07748 - - USA - - - +1 732 420 1571 - - +1 732 368 1192 - - acmorton@att.com - - http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ -
- - - - - - This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) - project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project - intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking - Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. - The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted - laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of - internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the - additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in - general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also - influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" - infrastructure. - - - - The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", - "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this - document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. - - - - - - -
- Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally - conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical - implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks - of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our - industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has - the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and - therefore has garnered much attention. - - This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV - (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, - "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and - completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by - referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often - referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is - common and strong. - - See - https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases - for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: - https://www.opnfv.org/ - - The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open - source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing - "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in - which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance - dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of - isochronous media streams is one example. - - Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many - new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are - currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other - projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We - acknowledge the early work in , and useful - discussion with the authors. -
- -
- The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry - of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature - and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking - virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these - extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware - switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). - Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and - commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's - chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch - is an important aspect of that infrastructure). -
- -
- This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual - switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, - as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) - document. - -
- To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations - with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. - BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo - re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them - during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the - number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance - with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was - reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. - - It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application - running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory - footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of - internetworking functions. -
- -
- External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. - Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will - be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations - procedures when the technology is deployed. -
- -
- A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying - to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When - benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that - can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the - various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists - some of the many new parameters which this project believes are - critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. - - Hardware details including: - - - Platform details - - Processor details - - Memory information (type and size) - - Number of enabled cores - - Number of cores used for the test - - Number of physical NICs, as well as their details - (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged - into) - - NIC interrupt configuration - - BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were - modified - - CPU microcode level - - Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be - the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations - - PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack - option...) - - Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor - package, OS...) - Software details including: - - - OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at - the console on one system) - - OS version (for host and VNF) - - Kernel version (for host and VNF) - - GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) - - Hypervisor details (Type and version) - - Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used - - vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised - - Memory allocation to the vSwitch - - which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels - - DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id - used - - Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere - - VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent - non-persistent - - Number of VMs - - Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver - - Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host - - Number vNIC interrupt configuration - - Thread affinitization for the applications (including the - vSwitch itself) on the host - - Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for - Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes - (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. - - - Test Traffic Information: - Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other - - Packet Sizes - - Deployment Scenario - - - -
- -
- Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and - matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching - packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a - sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values or - have arrived on the same port. Performance results can vary based on - the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended - flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance tests are: - the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and - the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow - timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that - do not measure the flow setup time. Normally the first packet of a - particular stream will install the flow in the virtual switch which - adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are - not subject to this latency if the flow is already installed on the - vSwitch. -
- -
- This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated - resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this - time. - - - Baselines: - Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without - a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of - platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance - for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and - latency).
- Benchmark platform forwarding - capability - - - - -
- - Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct - connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 - hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to - obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its - maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered - from this test will serve as a key comparison point for - vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch - performance.
- Benchmark VNF forwarding capability - - - - -
- - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other - resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are - SUT - - Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some - resources unused - - Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources - occupied - - - Next Steps - Limited sharing - - Production scenarios - - Stressful scenarios - - -
-
- -
- The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level - Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance - tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the - pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of - physical switches. These specifications include: - - - Benchmarking Methodology for Network - Interconnect Devices - - Benchmarking Methodology for LAN - Switching - - Device Reset Characterization - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for - the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment - developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community - have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test - system. - - In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined - by: - - - Benchmarking Terminology for LAN - Switching Devices - - Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement - - - - - Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD - include: - Methodology for IP Multicast - Benchmarking - - Packet Reordering Metrics - - - As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking - characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the - switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the - specification. - - When considering characteristics important to "telco" network - functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In - this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the - IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a - metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of - statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further - metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as - defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT - availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at - Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present - and characterized. - - Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics - below: - - - Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in - frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load - (as defined by ) without traffic loss. - - Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min - and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. - - Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for - different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover - outliers. - - Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs - as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding - logic’s configuration… it has to deal with - increases. - - Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer - performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through - the switch. - - Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how - closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the - effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: - delay of the initial packet of a flow). - - CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual - switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as - auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU - utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. - - The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted - over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, and - at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture transient - changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent processes - or the low probability coincidence of two or more processes. The - performance must be evaluated periodically during continuous - testing, and this results in use of Frame - Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which - requires stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit - internal queues). - - - Future/planned test specs include: - Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the - transaction rate through the switch. - - Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource - sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. - - Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 - requirements on characterization of - acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. - The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a - network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to - characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment - scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to physical - port - - -
- -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch - to VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- Physical port to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to physical port - - -
- VNF to virtual switch to VNF - - -
- - A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test - Methodology Wiki page . -
- -
- This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the - "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). - Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is - organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are - occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics - when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current - version of the LTD specification is available . - - The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data - plane, rather than the control plane. - - A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the - VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . - -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate - - PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency - -
- -
- - CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime - - Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime - -
- -
- - Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate - - CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification - - Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames - - Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate - - Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure - - Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering - - Throughput.RFC2544.Profile - -
- -
- - Throughput.RFC2889.Soak - - Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification - - PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak - -
- -
- - Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability - -
- -
-
- -
-
-
- -
- Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to - technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test - (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with - dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections - above. - - The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup - and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic - into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management - network. - - Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying - solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. - - Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for - benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising - from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production - networks. -
- -
- No IANA Action is requested at this time. -
- -
- The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, - Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, - Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews. -
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability - Best Practices - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Test Topologies - https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Spec Overview - https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review - - - - - - - - - - - - LTD Test Specification - http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/index.html - - - - - - - - - - - - Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release - https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra - - - - - - - - - - - - https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ - - - - - - - - - - - diff --git a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png b/docs/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png deleted file mode 100644 index d21334ba..00000000 Binary files a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png b/docs/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png deleted file mode 100644 index 3a85e51f..00000000 Binary files a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png b/docs/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png deleted file mode 100644 index b5b76e8a..00000000 Binary files a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png b/docs/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png deleted file mode 100644 index 55294af6..00000000 Binary files a/docs/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png and /dev/null differ diff --git a/docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst b/docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst deleted file mode 100644 index e1372520..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1712 +0,0 @@ -.. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. -.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 -.. (c) OPNFV, Intel Corporation, AT&T and others. - -****************************** -VSPERF LEVEL TEST DESIGN (LTD) -****************************** - -.. 3.1 - -============ -Introduction -============ - -The intention of this Level Test Design (LTD) document is to specify the set of -tests to carry out in order to objectively measure the current characteristics -of a virtual switch in the Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure -(NFVI) as well as the test pass criteria. The detailed test cases will be -defined in details-of-LTD_, preceded by the doc-id-of-LTD_ and the scope-of-LTD_. - -This document is currently in draft form. - -.. 3.1.1 - - -.. _doc-id-of-LTD: - -Document identifier -=================== - -The document id will be used to uniquely -identify versions of the LTD. The format for the document id will be: -OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTD\_REL\_STATUS, where by the -status is one of: draft, reviewed, corrected or final. The document id -for this version of the LTD is: -OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTD\_Brahmaputra\_REVIEWED. - -.. 3.1.2 - -.. _scope-of-LTD: - -Scope -===== - -The main purpose of this project is to specify a suite of -performance tests in order to objectively measure the current packet -transfer characteristics of a virtual switch in the NFVI. The intent of -the project is to facilitate testing of any virtual switch. Thus, a -generic suite of tests shall be developed, with no hard dependencies to -a single implementation. In addition, the test case suite shall be -architecture independent. - -The test cases developed in this project shall not form part of a -separate test framework, all of these tests may be inserted into the -Continuous Integration Test Framework and/or the Platform Functionality -Test Framework - if a vSwitch becomes a standard component of an OPNFV -release. - -.. 3.1.3 - -References -========== - -* `RFC 1242 Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection - Devices `__ -* `RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect - Devices `__ -* `RFC 2285 Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching - Devices `__ -* `RFC 2889 Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching - Devices `__ -* `RFC 3918 Methodology for IP Multicast - Benchmarking `__ -* `RFC 4737 Packet Reordering - Metrics `__ -* `RFC 5481 Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement `__ -* `RFC 6201 Device Reset - Characterization `__ - -.. 3.2 - -.. _details-of-LTD: - -================================ -Details of the Level Test Design -================================ - -This section describes the features to be tested (FeaturesToBeTested-of-LTD_), and -identifies the sets of test cases or scenarios (TestIdentification-of-LTD_). - -.. 3.2.1 - -.. _FeaturesToBeTested-of-LTD: - -Features to be tested -===================== - -Characterizing virtual switches (i.e. Device Under Test (DUT) in this document) -includes measuring the following performance metrics: - -- Throughput -- Packet delay -- Packet delay variation -- Packet loss -- Burst behaviour -- Packet re-ordering -- Packet correctness -- Availability and capacity of the DUT - -.. 3.2.2 - -.. _TestIdentification-of-LTD: - -Test identification -=================== - -.. 3.2.2.1 - -Throughput tests ----------------- - -The following tests aim to determine the maximum forwarding rate that -can be achieved with a virtual switch. The list is not exhaustive but -should indicate the type of tests that should be required. It is -expected that more will be added. - -.. 3.2.2.1.1 - -.. _PacketLossRatio: - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and Latency Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - This test determines the DUT's maximum forwarding rate with X% traffic - loss for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). - The default loss percentages to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% - - Note: Other values can be tested if required by the user. - - The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under - :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. - - Under the `RFC2544 `__ - test methodology, the test duration will - include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period - of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each - trial to obtain the final result. - - **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial, the presence or absence - of loss determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, - converging on a maximum rate, or - `RFC2544 `__ Throughput with X% - loss. - The Throughput load is re-used in related - `RFC2544 `__ tests and other - tests. - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of - the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. - - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT - (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the - test specified in Section 26.3 of - `RFC2544 `__). - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - -.. 3.2.2.1.2 - -.. _PacketLossRatioFrameModification: - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 X% packet loss Throughput and Latency Test with - packet modification - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - This test determines the DUT's maximum forwarding rate with X% traffic - loss for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). - The default loss percentages to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% - - Note: Other values can be tested if required by the user. - - The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under - :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. - - Under the `RFC2544 `__ - test methodology, the test duration will - include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period - of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each - trial to obtain the final result. - - During this test, the DUT must perform the following operations on the - traffic flow: - - - Perform packet parsing on the DUT's ingress port. - - Perform any relevant address look-ups on the DUT's ingress ports. - - Modify the packet header before forwarding the packet to the DUT's - egress port. Packet modifications include: - - - Modifying the Ethernet source or destination MAC address. - - Modifying/adding a VLAN tag. (**Recommended**). - - Modifying/adding a MPLS tag. - - Modifying the source or destination ip address. - - Modifying the TOS/DSCP field. - - Modifying the source or destination ports for UDP/TCP/SCTP. - - Modifying the TTL. - - **Expected Result**: The Packet parsing/modifications require some - additional degree of processing resource, therefore the - `RFC2544 `__ - Throughput is expected to be somewhat lower than the Throughput level - measured without additional steps. The reduction is expected to be - greatest on tests with the smallest packet sizes (greatest header - processing rates). - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of - the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss and packet - modification operations being performed by the DUT. - - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT - (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the - test specified in Section 26.3 of - `RFC2544 `__). - - The `RFC5481 `__ - PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, - using the 99th percentile. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - -.. 3.2.2.1.3 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.Profile -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 Throughput and Latency Profile - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - This test reveals how throughput and latency degrades as the offered - rate varies in the region of the DUT's maximum forwarding rate as - determined by LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss). - For example it can be used to determine if the degradation of throughput - and latency as the offered rate increases is slow and graceful or sudden - and severe. - - The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under - :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - - The offered traffic rate is described as a percentage delta with respect - to the DUT's RFC 2544 Throughput as determined by - LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLoss Ratio (0% Packet Loss case). A delta - of 0% is equivalent to an offered traffic rate equal to the RFC 2544 - Maximum Throughput; A delta of +50% indicates an offered rate half-way - between the Maximum RFC2544 Throughput and line-rate, whereas a delta of - -50% indicates an offered rate of half the RFC 2544 Maximum Throughput. - Therefore the range of the delta figure is natuarlly bounded at -100% - (zero offered traffic) and +100% (traffic offered at line rate). - - The following deltas to the maximum forwarding rate should be applied: - - - -50%, -10%, 0%, +10% & +50% - - **Expected Result**: For each packet size a profile should be produced - of how throughput and latency vary with offered rate. - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of the DUT - for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and for each frame - size. - - The average latency for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and - for each frame size. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - Any failures experienced (for example if the vSwitch crashes, stops - processing packets, restarts or becomes unresponsive to commands) - when the offered load is above Maximum Throughput MUST be recorded - and reported with the results. - -.. 3.2.2.1.4 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 System Recovery Time Test - - **Prerequisite Test** LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to determine the length of time it takes the DUT - to recover from an overload condition for a constant load (fixed length - frames at a fixed interval time). The selected frame sizes are those - previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, - traffic should be sent to the DUT under normal conditions. During the - duration of the test and while the traffic flows are passing though the - DUT, at least one situation leading to an overload condition for the DUT - should occur. The time from the end of the overload condition to when - the DUT returns to normal operations should be measured to determine - recovery time. Prior to overloading the DUT, one should record the - average latency for 10,000 packets forwarded through the DUT. - - The overload condition SHOULD be to transmit traffic at a very high - frame rate to the DUT (150% of the maximum 0% packet loss rate as - determined by LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio or line-rate - whichever is lower), for at least 60 seconds, then reduce the frame rate - to 75% of the maximum 0% packet loss rate. A number of time-stamps - should be recorded: - Record the time-stamp at which the frame rate was - reduced and record a second time-stamp at the time of the last frame - lost. The recovery time is the difference between the two timestamps. - - Record the average latency for 10,000 frames after the last frame loss - and continue to record average latency measurements for every 10,000 - frames, when latency returns to within 10% of pre-overload levels record - the time-stamp. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics collected** - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The length of time it takes the DUT to recover from an overload - condition. - - The length of time it takes the DUT to recover the average latency to - pre-overload conditions. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → physical. - -.. 3.2.2.1.5 - -.. _BackToBackFrames: - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC2544 Back To Back Frames Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to characterize the ability of the DUT to - process back-to-back frames. For each frame size previously defined - under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, a burst of traffic - is sent to the DUT with the minimum inter-frame gap between each frame. - If the number of received frames equals the number of frames that were - transmitted, the burst size should be increased and traffic is sent to - the DUT again. The value measured is the back-to-back value, that is the - maximum burst size the DUT can handle without any frame loss. Please note - a trial must run for a minimum of 2 seconds and should be repeated 50 - times (at a minimum). - - **Expected Result**: - - Tests of back-to-back frames with physical devices have produced - unstable results in some cases. All tests should be repeated in multiple - test sessions and results stability should be examined. - - **Metrics collected** - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The average back-to-back value across the trials, which is - the number of frames in the longest burst that the DUT will - handle without the loss of any frames. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → physical. - -.. 3.2.2.1.6 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRateSoak -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2889 X% packet loss Max Forwarding Rate Soak Test - - **Prerequisite Test** LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to understand the Max Forwarding Rate stability - over an extended test duration in order to uncover any outliers. To allow - for an extended test duration, the test should ideally run for 24 hours - or, if this is not possible, for at least 6 hours. For this test, each frame - size must be sent at the highest Throughput rate with X% packet loss, as - determined in the prerequisite test. The default loss percentages to be - tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% - - Note: Other values can be tested if required by the user. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - Max Forwarding Rate stability of the DUT. - - - This means reporting the number of packets lost per time interval - and reporting any time intervals with packet loss. The - `RFC2889 `__ - Forwarding Rate shall be measured in each interval. - An interval of 60s is suggested. - - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - The `RFC5481 `__ - PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, - using the 99th percentile. - -.. 3.2.2.1.7 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRateSoakFrameModification -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2889 Max Forwarding Rate Soak Test with Frame Modification - - **Prerequisite Test**: - LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification (0% Packet Loss) - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to understand the Max Forwarding Rate stability over an - extended test duration in order to uncover any outliers. To allow for an - extended test duration, the test should ideally run for 24 hours or, if - this is not possible, for at least 6 hour. For this test, each frame - size must be sent at the highest Throughput rate with 0% packet loss, as - determined in the prerequisite test. - - During this test, the DUT must perform the following operations on the - traffic flow: - - - Perform packet parsing on the DUT's ingress port. - - Perform any relevant address look-ups on the DUT's ingress ports. - - Modify the packet header before forwarding the packet to the DUT's - egress port. Packet modifications include: - - - Modifying the Ethernet source or destination MAC address. - - Modifying/adding a VLAN tag (**Recommended**). - - Modifying/adding a MPLS tag. - - Modifying the source or destination ip address. - - Modifying the TOS/DSCP field. - - Modifying the source or destination ports for UDP/TCP/SCTP. - - Modifying the TTL. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - Max Forwarding Rate stability of the DUT. - - - This means reporting the number of packets lost per time interval - and reporting any time intervals with packet loss. The - `RFC2889 `__ - Forwarding Rate shall be measured in each interval. - An interval of 60s is suggested. - - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - The `RFC5481 `__ - PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, using the 99th - percentile. - -.. 3.2.2.1.8 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC6201.ResetTime -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 6201 Reset Time Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to determine the length of time it takes the DUT - to recover from a reset. - - Two reset methods are defined - planned and unplanned. A planned reset - requires stopping and restarting the virtual switch by the usual - 'graceful' method defined by it's documentation. An unplanned reset - requires simulating a fatal internal fault in the virtual switch - for - example by using kill -SIGKILL on a Linux environment. - - Both reset methods SHOULD be exercised. - - For each frame size previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, - traffic should be sent to the DUT under - normal conditions. During the duration of the test and while the traffic - flows are passing through the DUT, the DUT should be reset and the Reset - time measured. The Reset time is the total time that a device is - determined to be out of operation and includes the time to perform the - reset and the time to recover from it (cf. `RFC6201 - `__). - - `RFC6201 `__ defines two methods - to measure the Reset time: - - - Frame-Loss Method: which requires the monitoring of the number of - lost frames and calculates the Reset time based on the number of - frames lost and the offered rate according to the following - formula: - - .. code-block:: console - - Frames_lost (packets) - Reset_time = ------------------------------------- - Offered_rate (packets per second) - - - Timestamp Method: which measures the time from which the last frame - is forwarded from the DUT to the time the first frame is forwarded - after the reset. This involves time-stamping all transmitted frames - and recording the timestamp of the last frame that was received prior - to the reset and also measuring the timestamp of the first frame that - is received after the reset. The Reset time is the difference between - these two timestamps. - - According to `RFC6201 `__ the - choice of method depends on the test tool's capability; the Frame-Loss - method SHOULD be used if the test tool supports: - - * Counting the number of lost frames per stream. - * Transmitting test frame despite the physical link status. - - whereas the Timestamp method SHOULD be used if the test tool supports: - - * Timestamping each frame. - * Monitoring received frame's timestamp. - * Transmitting frames only if the physical link status is up. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics collected** - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - * Average Reset Time over the number of trials performed. - - Results of this test should include the following information: - - * The reset method used. - * Throughput in Fps and Mbps. - * Average Frame Loss over the number of trials performed. - * Average Reset Time in milliseconds over the number of trials performed. - * Number of trials performed. - * Protocol: IPv4, IPv6, MPLS, etc. - * Frame Size in Octets - * Port Media: Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE), etc. - * Port Speed: 10 Gbps, 40 Gbps etc. - * Interface Encapsulation: Ethernet, Ethernet VLAN, etc. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - * Physical → virtual switch → physical. - -.. 3.2.2.1.9 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC2889 Forwarding Rate Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - This test measures the DUT's Max Forwarding Rate when the Offered Load - is varied between the throughput and the Maximum Offered Load for fixed - length frames at a fixed time interval. The selected frame sizes are - those previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - The throughput is the maximum offered - load with 0% frame loss (measured by the prerequisite test), and the - Maximum Offered Load (as defined by - `RFC2285 `__) is *"the highest - number of frames per second that an external source can transmit to a - DUT/SUT for forwarding to a specified output interface or interfaces"*. - - Traffic should be sent to the DUT at a particular rate (TX rate) - starting with TX rate equal to the throughput rate. The rate of - successfully received frames at the destination counted (in FPS). If the - RX rate is equal to the TX rate, the TX rate should be increased by a - fixed step size and the RX rate measured again until the Max Forwarding - Rate is found. - - The trial duration for each iteration should last for the period of time - needed for the system to reach steady state for the frame size being - tested. Under `RFC2889 `__ - (Sec. 5.6.3.1) test methodology, the test - duration should run for a minimum period of 30 seconds, regardless - whether the system reaches steady state before the minimum duration - ends. - - **Expected Result**: According to - `RFC2889 `__ The Max Forwarding - Rate is the highest forwarding rate of a DUT taken from an iterative set of - forwarding rate measurements. The iterative set of forwarding rate measurements - are made by setting the intended load transmitted from an external source and - measuring the offered load (i.e what the DUT is capable of forwarding). If the - Throughput == the Maximum Offered Load, it follows that Max Forwarding Rate is - equal to the Maximum Offered Load. - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The Max Forwarding Rate for the DUT for each packet size. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → physical. Note: Full mesh tests with - multiple ingress and egress ports are a key aspect of RFC 2889 - benchmarks, and scenarios with both 2 and 4 ports should be tested. - In any case, the number of ports used must be reported. - -.. 3.2.2.1.10 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC2889 Forward Pressure Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to determine if the DUT transmits frames with an - inter-frame gap that is less than 12 bytes. This test overloads the DUT - and measures the output for forward pressure. Traffic should be - transmitted to the DUT with an inter-frame gap of 11 bytes, this will - overload the DUT by 1 byte per frame. The forwarding rate of the DUT - should be measured. - - **Expected Result**: The forwarding rate should not exceed the maximum - forwarding rate of the DUT collected by - LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate. - - **Metrics collected** - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - Forwarding rate of the DUT in FPS or Mbps. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → physical. - -.. 3.2.2.1.11 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC2889 Error Frames Filtering Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to determine whether the DUT will propagate any - erroneous frames it receives or whether it is capable of filtering out - the erroneous frames. Traffic should be sent with erroneous frames - included within the flow at random intervals. Illegal frames that must - be tested include: - Oversize Frames. - Undersize Frames. - CRC Errored - Frames. - Dribble Bit Errored Frames - Alignment Errored Frames - - The traffic flow exiting the DUT should be recorded and checked to - determine if the erroneous frames where passed through the DUT. - - **Expected Result**: Broken frames are not passed! - - **Metrics collected** - - No Metrics are collected in this test, instead it determines: - - - Whether the DUT will propagate erroneous frames. - - Or whether the DUT will correctly filter out any erroneous frames - from traffic flow with out removing correct frames. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → physical. - -.. 3.2.2.1.12 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC2889 Broadcast Frame Forwarding Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to determine the maximum forwarding rate of the - DUT when forwarding broadcast traffic. For each frame previously defined - under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, the traffic should - be set up as broadcast traffic. The traffic throughput of the DUT should - be measured. - - The test should be conducted with at least 4 physical ports on the DUT. - The number of ports used MUST be recorded. - - As broadcast involves forwarding a single incoming packet to several - destinations, the latency of a single packet is defined as the average - of the latencies for each of the broadcast destinations. - - The incoming packet is transmitted on each of the other physical ports, - it is not transmitted on the port on which it was received. The test MAY - be conducted using different broadcasting ports to uncover any - performance differences. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The forwarding rate of the DUT when forwarding broadcast traffic. - - The minimum, average & maximum packets latencies observed. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch 3x physical. In the Broadcast rate testing, - four test ports are required. One of the ports is connected to the test - device, so it can send broadcast frames and listen for miss-routed frames. - -.. 3.2.2.1.13 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.WorstN-BestN -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: Modified RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and Latency Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - This test determines the DUT's maximum forwarding rate with X% traffic - loss for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). - The default loss percentages to be tested are: X = 0%, X = 10^-7% - - Modified RFC 2544 throughput benchmarking methodology aims to quantify - the throughput measurement variations observed during standard RFC 2544 - benchmarking measurements of virtual switches and VNFs. The RFC2544 - binary search algorithm is modified to use more samples per test trial - to drive the binary search and yield statistically more meaningful - results. This keeps the heart of the RFC2544 methodology, still relying - on the binary search of throughput at specified loss tolerance, while - providing more useful information about the range of results seen in - testing. Instead of using a single traffic trial per iteration step, - each traffic trial is repeated N times and the success/failure of the - iteration step is based on these N traffic trials. Two types of revised - tests are defined - *Worst-of-N* and *Best-of-N*. - - **Worst-of-N** - - *Worst-of-N* indicates the lowest expected maximum throughput for ( - packet size, loss tolerance) when repeating the test. - - 1. Repeat the same test run N times at a set packet rate, record each - result. - 2. Take the WORST result (highest packet loss) out of N result samples, - called the Worst-of-N sample. - 3. If Worst-of-N sample has loss less than the set loss tolerance, then - the step is successful - increase the test traffic rate. - 4. If Worst-of-N sample has loss greater than the set loss tolerance - then the step failed - decrease the test traffic rate. - 5. Go to step 1. - - **Best-of-N** - - *Best-of-N* indicates the highest expected maximum throughput for ( - packet size, loss tolerance) when repeating the test. - - 1. Repeat the same traffic run N times at a set packet rate, record - each result. - 2. Take the BEST result (least packet loss) out of N result samples, - called the Best-of-N sample. - 3. If Best-of-N sample has loss less than the set loss tolerance, then - the step is successful - increase the test traffic rate. - 4. If Best-of-N sample has loss greater than the set loss tolerance, - then the step failed - decrease the test traffic rate. - 5. Go to step 1. - - Performing both Worst-of-N and Best-of-N benchmark tests yields lower - and upper bounds of expected maximum throughput under the operating - conditions, giving a very good indication to the user of the - deterministic performance range for the tested setup. - - **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial series, the presence or - absence of loss determines the modification of offered load for the - next trial series, converging on a maximum rate, or - `RFC2544 `__ Throughput - with X% loss. - The Throughput load is re-used in related - `RFC2544 `__ tests and other - tests. - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of - the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. - - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT - (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the - test specified in Section 26.3 of - `RFC2544 `__). - - Following may also be collected as part of this test, to determine - the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system: - - - CPU core utilization. - - CPU cache utilization. - - Memory footprint. - - System bus (QPI, PCI, ...) utilization. - - CPU cycles consumed per packet. - -.. 3.2.2.1.14 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.Overlay.Network..RFC2544.PacketLossRatio -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: Overlay Network RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and Latency Test - - - NOTE: Throughout this test, four interchangeable overlay technologies are covered by the - same test description. They are: VXLAN, GRE, NVGRE and GENEVE. - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - This test evaluates standard switch performance benchmarks for the scenario where an - Overlay Network is deployed for all paths through the vSwitch. Overlay Technologies covered - (replacing in the test name) include: - - - VXLAN - - GRE - - NVGRE - - GENEVE - - Performance will be assessed for each of the following overlay network functions: - - - Encapsulation only - - De-encapsulation only - - Both Encapsulation and De-encapsulation - - For each native packet, the DUT must perform the following operations: - - - Examine the packet and classify its correct overlay net (tunnel) assignment - - Encapsulate the packet - - Switch the packet to the correct port - - For each encapsulated packet, the DUT must perform the following operations: - - - Examine the packet and classify its correct native network assignment - - De-encapsulate the packet, if required - - Switch the packet to the correct port - - The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under - :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - - Thus, each test comprises an overlay technology, a network function, - and a packet size *with* overlay network overhead included - (but see also the discussion at - https://etherpad.opnfv.org/p/vSwitchTestsDrafts ). - - The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. - - Under the `RFC2544 `__ - test methodology, the test duration will - include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period - of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each - trial to obtain the final result for Throughput. - - **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial, the presence or absence - of loss determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, - converging on a maximum rate, or - `RFC2544 `__ Throughput with X% - loss (where the value of X is typically equal to zero). - The Throughput load is re-used in related - `RFC2544 `__ tests and other - tests. - - **Metrics Collected**: - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The maximum Throughput in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of - the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. - - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT - and VNFs (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the - test specified in Section 26.3 of - `RFC2544 `__). - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - -.. 3.2.3.1.15 - -Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.MatchAction.PacketLossRatio -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio match action Throughput and Latency Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to determine the cost of carrying out match - action(s) on the DUT’s RFC2544 Throughput with X% traffic loss for - a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). - - Each test case requires: - - * selection of a specific match action(s), - * specifying a percentage of total traffic that is elligible - for the match action, - * determination of the specific test configuration (number - of flows, number of test ports, presence of an external - controller, etc.), and - * measurement of the RFC 2544 Throughput level with X% packet - loss: Traffic shall be bi-directional and symmetric. - - Note: It would be ideal to verify that all match action-elligible - traffic was forwarded to the correct port, and if forwarded to - an unintended port it should be considered lost. - - A match action is an action that is typically carried on a frame - or packet that matches a set of flow classification parameters - (typically frame/packet header fields). A match action may or may - not modify a packet/frame. Match actions include [1]: - - * output : outputs a packet to a particular port. - * normal: Subjects the packet to traditional L2/L3 processing - (MAC learning). - * flood: Outputs the packet on all switch physical ports - other than the port on which it was received and any ports - on which flooding is disabled. - * all: Outputs the packet on all switch physical ports other - than the port on which it was received. - * local: Outputs the packet on the ``local port``, which - corresponds to the network device that has the same name as - the bridge. - * in_port: Outputs the packet on the port from which it was - received. - * Controller: Sends the packet and its metadata to the - OpenFlow controller as a ``packet in`` message. - * enqueue: Enqueues the packet on the specified queue - within port. - * drop: discard the packet. - - Modifications include [1]: - - * mod vlan: covered by LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification - * mod_dl_src: Sets the source Ethernet address. - * mod_dl_dst: Sets the destination Ethernet address. - * mod_nw_src: Sets the IPv4 source address. - * mod_nw_dst: Sets the IPv4 destination address. - * mod_tp_src: Sets the TCP or UDP or SCTP source port. - * mod_tp_dst: Sets the TCP or UDP or SCTP destination port. - * mod_nw_tos: Sets the DSCP bits in the IPv4 ToS/DSCP or - IPv6 traffic class field. - * mod_nw_ecn: Sets the ECN bits in the appropriate IPv4 or - IPv6 field. - * mod_nw_ttl: Sets the IPv4 TTL or IPv6 hop limit field. - - Note: This comprehensive list requires extensive traffic generator - capabilities. - - The match action(s) that were applied as part of the test should be - reported in the final test report. - - During this test, the DUT must perform the following operations on - the traffic flow: - - * Perform packet parsing on the DUT’s ingress port. - * Perform any relevant address look-ups on the DUT’s ingress - ports. - * Carry out one or more of the match actions specified above. - - The default loss percentages to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% - Other values can be tested if required by the user. The selected - frame sizes are those previously defined under - :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - - The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the - traffic when a match action is applied to packets in a flow. Under - the RFC2544 test methodology, the test duration will include a - number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period of 60 - seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each - trial to obtain the final result. - - **Expected Result:** - - At the end of each trial, the presence or absence of loss - determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, - converging on a maximum rate, or RFC2544Throughput with X% loss. - The Throughput load is re-used in related RFC2544 tests and other - tests. - - **Metrics Collected:** - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - * The RFC 2544 Throughput in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps - of the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. - * The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through - the DUT (if testing for latency, note that this average is - different from the test specified in Section 26.3 ofRFC2544). - * CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of - this test, to determine the vSwitch’s performance footprint - on the system. - - The metrics collected can be compared to that of the prerequisite - test to determine the cost of the match action(s) in the pipeline. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → physical (and others are possible) - - [1] ovs-ofctl - administer OpenFlow switches - [http://openvswitch.org/support/dist-docs/ovs-ofctl.8.txt ] - - -.. 3.2.2.2 - -Packet Latency tests --------------------- - -These tests will measure the store and forward latency as well as the packet -delay variation for various packet types through the virtual switch. The -following list is not exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests -that should be required. It is expected that more will be added. - -.. 3.2.2.2.1 - -Test ID: LTD.PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: Initial Packet Processing Latency - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - In some virtual switch architectures, the first packets of a flow will - take the system longer to process than subsequent packets in the flow. - This test determines the latency for these packets. The test will - measure the latency of the packets as they are processed by the - flow-setup-path of the DUT. There are two methods for this test, a - recommended method and a nalternative method that can be used if it is - possible to disable the fastpath of the virtual switch. - - Recommended method: This test will send 64,000 packets to the DUT, each - belonging to a different flow. Average packet latency will be determined - over the 64,000 packets. - - Alternative method: This test will send a single packet to the DUT after - a fixed interval of time. The time interval will be equivalent to the - amount of time it takes for a flow to time out in the virtual switch - plus 10%. Average packet latency will be determined over 1,000,000 - packets. - - This test is intended only for non-learning virtual switches; For learning - virtual switches use RFC2889. - - For this test, only unidirectional traffic is required. - - **Expected Result**: The average latency for the initial packet of all - flows should be greater than the latency of subsequent traffic. - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - Average latency of the initial packets of all flows that are - processed by the DUT. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → Virtual Switch → Physical. - -.. 3.2.2.2.2 - -Test ID: LTD.PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: Packet Delay Variation Soak Test - - **Prerequisite Tests**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss) - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to understand the distribution of packet delay - variation for different frame sizes over an extended test duration and - to determine if there are any outliers. To allow for an extended test - duration, the test should ideally run for 24 hours or, if this is not - possible, for at least 6 hour. For this test, each frame size must be - sent at the highest possible throughput with 0% packet loss, as - determined in the prerequisite test. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The packet delay variation value for traffic passing through the DUT. - - The `RFC5481 `__ - PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, - using the 99th percentile, for each 60s interval during the test. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - -.. 3.2.2.3 - -Scalability tests ------------------ - -The general aim of these tests is to understand the impact of large flow -table size and flow lookups on throughput. The following list is not -exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests that should be required. -It is expected that more will be added. - -.. 3.2.2.3.1 - -.. _Scalability0PacketLoss: - -Test ID: LTD.Scalability.Flows.RFC2544.0PacketLoss -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 0% loss Flow Scalability throughput test - - **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio, IF the - delta Throughput between the single-flow RFC2544 test and this test with - a variable number of flows is desired. - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to measure how throughput changes as the number - of flows in the DUT increases. The test will measure the throughput - through the fastpath, as such the flows need to be installed on the DUT - before passing traffic. - - For each frame size previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters` - and for each of the following number of flows: - - - 1,000 - - 2,000 - - 4,000 - - 8,000 - - 16,000 - - 32,000 - - 64,000 - - Max supported number of flows. - - This test will be conducted under two conditions following the - establishment of all flows as required by RFC 2544, regarding the flow - expiration time-out: - - 1) The time-out never expires during each trial. - - 2) The time-out expires for all flows periodically. This would require a - short time-out compared with flow re-appearance for a small number of - flows, and may not be possible for all flow conditions. - - The maximum 0% packet loss Throughput should be determined in a manner - identical to LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The maximum number of frames per second that can be forwarded at the - specified number of flows and the specified frame size, with zero - packet loss. - -.. 3.2.2.3.2 - -Test ID: LTD.MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 0% loss Memory Bandwidth Scalability test - - **Prerequisite Tests**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio, IF the - delta Throughput between an undisturbed RFC2544 test and this test with - the Throughput affected by cache and memory bandwidth contention is desired. - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to understand how the DUT's performance is - affected by cache sharing and memory bandwidth between processes. - - During the test all cores not used by the vSwitch should be running a - memory intensive application. This application should read and write - random data to random addresses in unused physical memory. The random - nature of the data and addresses is intended to consume cache, exercise - main memory access (as opposed to cache) and exercise all memory buses - equally. Furthermore: - - - the ratio of reads to writes should be recorded. A ratio of 1:1 - SHOULD be used. - - the reads and writes MUST be of cache-line size and be cache-line aligned. - - in NUMA architectures memory access SHOULD be local to the core's node. - Whether only local memory or a mix of local and remote memory is used - MUST be recorded. - - the memory bandwidth (reads plus writes) used per-core MUST be recorded; - the test MUST be run with a per-core memory bandwidth equal to half the - maximum system memory bandwidth divided by the number of cores. The test - MAY be run with other values for the per-core memory bandwidth. - - the test MAY also be run with the memory intensive application running - on all cores. - - Under these conditions the DUT's 0% packet loss throughput is determined - as per LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The DUT's 0% packet loss throughput in the presence of cache sharing and - memory bandwidth between processes. - -.. 3.2.2.3.3 - -Test ID: LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: VNF Scalability RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and - Latency Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - This test determines the DUT's throughput rate with X% traffic loss for - a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time) when the - number of VNFs on the DUT increases. The default loss percentages - to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% . The minimum number of - VNFs to be tested are 3. - - Flow classification should be conducted with L2, L3 and L4 matching - to understand the matching and scaling capability of the vSwitch. The - matching fields which were used as part of the test should be reported - as part of the benchmark report. - - The vSwitch is responsible for forwarding frames between the VNFs - - The SUT (vSwitch and VNF daisy chain) operation should be validated - before running the test. This may be completed by running a burst or - continuous stream of traffic through the SUT to ensure proper operation - before a test. - - **Note**: The traffic rate used to validate SUT operation should be low - enough not to stress the SUT. - - **Note**: Other values can be tested if required by the user. - - **Note**: The same VNF should be used in the "daisy chain" formation. - Each addition of a VNF should be conducted in a new test setup (The DUT - is brought down, then the DUT is brought up again). An atlernative approach - would be to continue to add VNFs without bringing down the DUT. The - approach used needs to be documented as part of the test report. - - The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under - :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. - - Under the `RFC2544 `__ - test methodology, the test duration will - include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period - of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each - trial to obtain the final result for Throughput. - - **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial, the presence or absence - of loss determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, - converging on a maximum rate, or - `RFC2544 `__ Throughput with X% - loss. - The Throughput load is re-used in related - `RFC2544 `__ tests and other - tests. - - If the test VNFs are rather light-weight in terms of processing, the test - provides a view of multiple passes through the vswitch on logical - interfaces. In other words, the test produces an optimistic count of - daisy-chained VNFs, but the cumulative effect of traffic on the vSwitch is - "real" (assuming that the vSwitch has some dedicated resources, and the - effects on shared resources is understood). - - - **Metrics Collected**: - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The maximum Throughput in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of - the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. - - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT - and VNFs (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the - test specified in Section 26.3 of - `RFC2544 `__). - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - -.. 3.2.2.3.4 - -Test ID: LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossProfile -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: VNF Scalability RFC 2544 Throughput and Latency Profile - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - This test reveals how throughput and latency degrades as the number - of VNFs increases and offered rate varies in the region of the DUT's - maximum forwarding rate as determined by - LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss). - For example it can be used to determine if the degradation of throughput - and latency as the number of VNFs and offered rate increases is slow - and graceful, or sudden and severe. The minimum number of VNFs to - be tested is 3. - - The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under - :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - - The offered traffic rate is described as a percentage delta with respect - to the DUT's RFC 2544 Throughput as determined by - LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLoss Ratio (0% Packet Loss case). A delta - of 0% is equivalent to an offered traffic rate equal to the RFC 2544 - Throughput; A delta of +50% indicates an offered rate half-way - between the Throughput and line-rate, whereas a delta of - -50% indicates an offered rate of half the maximum rate. Therefore the - range of the delta figure is natuarlly bounded at -100% (zero offered - traffic) and +100% (traffic offered at line rate). - - The following deltas to the maximum forwarding rate should be applied: - - - -50%, -10%, 0%, +10% & +50% - - **Note**: Other values can be tested if required by the user. - - **Note**: The same VNF should be used in the "daisy chain" formation. - Each addition of a VNF should be conducted in a new test setup (The DUT - is brought down, then the DUT is brought up again). An atlernative approach - would be to continue to add VNFs without bringing down the DUT. The - approach used needs to be documented as part of the test report. - - Flow classification should be conducted with L2, L3 and L4 matching - to understand the matching and scaling capability of the vSwitch. The - matching fields which were used as part of the test should be reported - as part of the benchmark report. - - The SUT (vSwitch and VNF daisy chain) operation should be validated - before running the test. This may be completed by running a burst or - continuous stream of traffic through the SUT to ensure proper operation - before a test. - - **Note**: the traffic rate used to validate SUT operation should be low - enough not to stress the SUT - - **Expected Result**: For each packet size a profile should be produced - of how throughput and latency vary with offered rate. - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of the DUT - for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and for each frame - size. - - The average latency for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and - for each frame size. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - Any failures experienced (for example if the vSwitch crashes, stops - processing packets, restarts or becomes unresponsive to commands) - when the offered load is above Maximum Throughput MUST be recorded - and reported with the results. - -.. 3.2.2.4 - -Activation tests ----------------- - -The general aim of these tests is to understand the capacity of the -and speed with which the vswitch can accommodate new flows. - -.. 3.2.2.4.1 - -Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC2889 Address Caching Capacity Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: N/A - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - Please note this test is only applicable to virtual switches that are capable of - MAC learning. The aim of this test is to determine the address caching - capacity of the DUT for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed - interval time). The selected frame sizes are those previously defined - under :ref:`default-test-parameters`. - - In order to run this test the aging time, that is the maximum time the - DUT will keep a learned address in its flow table, and a set of initial - addresses, whose value should be >= 1 and <= the max number supported by - the implementation must be known. Please note that if the aging time is - configurable it must be longer than the time necessary to produce frames - from the external source at the specified rate. If the aging time is - fixed the frame rate must be brought down to a value that the external - source can produce in a time that is less than the aging time. - - Learning Frames should be sent from an external source to the DUT to - install a number of flows. The Learning Frames must have a fixed - destination address and must vary the source address of the frames. The - DUT should install flows in its flow table based on the varying source - addresses. Frames should then be transmitted from an external source at - a suitable frame rate to see if the DUT has properly learned all of the - addresses. If there is no frame loss and no flooding, the number of - addresses sent to the DUT should be increased and the test is repeated - until the max number of cached addresses supported by the DUT - determined. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - Number of cached addresses supported by the DUT. - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → 2 x physical (one receiving, one listening). - -.. 3.2.2.4.2 - -Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC2889 Address Learning Rate Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Memory.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - Please note this test is only applicable to virtual switches that are capable of - MAC learning. The aim of this test is to determine the rate of address - learning of the DUT for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed - interval time). The selected frame sizes are those previously defined - under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, traffic should be - sent with each IPv4/IPv6 address incremented by one. The rate at which - the DUT learns a new address should be measured. The maximum caching - capacity from LTD.Memory.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity should be taken - into consideration as the maximum number of addresses for which the - learning rate can be obtained. - - **Expected Result**: It may be worthwhile to report the behaviour when - operating beyond address capacity - some DUTs may be more friendly to - new addresses than others. - - **Metrics collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The address learning rate of the DUT. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → 2 x physical (one receiving, one listening). - -.. 3.2.2.5 - -Coupling between control path and datapath Tests ------------------------------------------------- - -The following tests aim to determine how tightly coupled the datapath -and the control path are within a virtual switch. The following list -is not exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests that should be -required. It is expected that more will be added. - -.. 3.2.2.5.1 - -Test ID: LTD.CPDPCouplingFlowAddition -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: Control Path and Datapath Coupling - - **Prerequisite Test**: - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to understand how exercising the DUT's control - path affects datapath performance. - - Initially a certain number of flow table entries are installed in the - vSwitch. Then over the duration of an RFC2544 throughput test - flow-entries are added and removed at the rates specified below. No - traffic is 'hitting' these flow-entries, they are simply added and - removed. - - The test MUST be repeated with the following initial number of - flow-entries installed: - < 10 - 1000 - 100,000 - 10,000,000 (or the - maximum supported number of flow-entries) - - The test MUST be repeated with the following rates of flow-entry - addition and deletion per second: - 0 - 1 (i.e. 1 addition plus 1 - deletion) - 100 - 10,000 - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of - the DUT. - - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT - (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the - test specified in Section 26.3 of - `RFC2544 `__). - - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this - test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. - - **Deployment scenario**: - - - Physical → virtual switch → physical. - -.. 3.2.2.6 - -CPU and memory consumption --------------------------- - -The following tests will profile a virtual switch's CPU and memory -utilization under various loads and circumstances. The following -list is not exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests that -should be required. It is expected that more will be added. - -.. 3.2.2.6.1 - -.. _CPU0PacketLoss: - -Test ID: LTD.Stress.RFC2544.0PacketLoss -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - **Title**: RFC 2544 0% Loss CPU OR Memory Stress Test - - **Prerequisite Test**: - - **Priority**: - - **Description**: - - The aim of this test is to understand the overall performance of the - system when a CPU or Memory intensive application is run on the same DUT as - the Virtual Switch. For each frame size, an - LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss) test should be - performed. Throughout the entire test a CPU or Memory intensive application - should be run on all cores on the system not in use by the Virtual Switch. - For NUMA system only cores on the same NUMA node are loaded. - - It is recommended that stress-ng be used for loading the non-Virtual - Switch cores but any stress tool MAY be used. - - **Expected Result**: - - **Metrics Collected**: - - The following are the metrics collected for this test: - - - Memory and CPU utilization of the cores running the Virtual Switch. - - The number of identity of the cores allocated to the Virtual Switch. - - The configuration of the stress tool (for example the command line - parameters used to start it.) - - **Note:** Stress in the test ID can be replaced with the name of the - component being stressed, when reporting the results: - LTD.CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss or LTD.Memory.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - -.. 3.2.2.7 - -Summary List of Tests ---------------------- - -1. Throughput tests - - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.Profile - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.Soak - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC6201.ResetTime - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.WorstN-BestN - - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.Overlay.Network..RFC2544.PacketLossRatio - -2. Packet Latency tests - - - Test ID: LTD.PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency - - Test ID: LTD.PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak - -3. Scalability tests - - - Test ID: LTD.Scalability.Flows.RFC2544.0PacketLoss - - Test ID: LTD.MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability - - LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossProfile - - LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio - -4. Activation tests - - - Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity - - Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate - -5. Coupling between control path and datapath Tests - - - Test ID: LTD.CPDPCouplingFlowAddition - -6. CPU and memory consumption - - - Test ID: LTD.Stress.RFC2544.0PacketLoss diff --git a/docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst b/docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst deleted file mode 100644 index 2b74d676..00000000 --- a/docs/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst +++ /dev/null @@ -1,1348 +0,0 @@ -.. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. -.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 -.. (c) OPNFV, Intel Corporation, AT&T and others. - -.. 3.1 - -***************************** -VSPERF LEVEL TEST PLAN (LTP) -***************************** - -=============== -Introduction -=============== - -The objective of the OPNFV project titled -**Characterize vSwitch Performance for Telco NFV Use Cases**, is to -evaluate the performance of virtual switches to identify its suitability for a -Telco Network Function Virtualization (NFV) environment. The intention of this -Level Test Plan (LTP) document is to specify the scope, approach, resources, -and schedule of the virtual switch performance benchmarking activities in -OPNFV. The test cases will be identified in a separate document called the -Level Test Design (LTD) document. - -This document is currently in draft form. - -.. 3.1.1 - - -.. _doc-id: - -Document identifier -========================= - -The document id will be used to uniquely identify versions of the LTP. The -format for the document id will be: OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTP\_REL\_STATUS, where -by the status is one of: draft, reviewed, corrected or final. The document id -for this version of the LTP is: OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTP\_Colorado\_REVIEWED. - -.. 3.1.2 - -.. _scope: - -Scope -========== - -The main purpose of this project is to specify a suite of -performance tests in order to objectively measure the current packet -transfer characteristics of a virtual switch in the NFVI. The intent of -the project is to facilitate the performance testing of any virtual switch. -Thus, a generic suite of tests shall be developed, with no hard dependencies to -a single implementation. In addition, the test case suite shall be -architecture independent. - -The test cases developed in this project shall not form part of a -separate test framework, all of these tests may be inserted into the -Continuous Integration Test Framework and/or the Platform Functionality -Test Framework - if a vSwitch becomes a standard component of an OPNFV -release. - -.. 3.1.3 - -References -=============== - -* `RFC 1242 Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection - Devices `__ -* `RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect - Devices `__ -* `RFC 2285 Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching - Devices `__ -* `RFC 2889 Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching - Devices `__ -* `RFC 3918 Methodology for IP Multicast - Benchmarking `__ -* `RFC 4737 Packet Reordering - Metrics `__ -* `RFC 5481 Packet Delay Variation Applicability - Statement `__ -* `RFC 6201 Device Reset - Characterization `__ - -.. 3.1.4 - -Level in the overall sequence -=============================== -The level of testing conducted by vswitchperf in the overall testing sequence (among -all the testing projects in OPNFV) is the performance benchmarking of a -specific component (the vswitch) in the OPNFV platfrom. It's expected that this -testing will follow on from the functional and integration testing conducted by -other testing projects in OPNFV, namely Functest and Yardstick. - -.. 3.1.5 - -Test classes and overall test conditions -========================================= -A benchmark is defined by the IETF as: A standardized test that serves as a -basis for performance evaluation and comparison. It's important to note that -benchmarks are not Functional tests. They do not provide PASS/FAIL criteria, -and most importantly ARE NOT performed on live networks, or performed with live -network traffic. - -In order to determine the packet transfer characteristics of a virtual switch, -the benchmarking tests will be broken down into the following categories: - -- **Throughput Tests** to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in - frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load - (as defined by `RFC1242 `__) - without traffic loss. -- **Packet and Frame Delay Tests** to measure average, min and max - packet and frame delay for constant loads. -- **Stream Performance Tests** (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer - performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through - the virtual switch. -- **Request/Response Performance** Tests (TCP, UDP) the measure the - transaction rate through the virtual switch. -- **Packet Delay Tests** to understand latency distribution for - different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover - outliers. -- **Scalability Tests** to understand how the virtual switch performs - as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding - logic's configuration... it has to deal with increases. -- **Control Path and Datapath Coupling** Tests, to understand how - closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the - effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT. -- **CPU and Memory Consumption Tests** to understand the virtual - switch’s footprint on the system, this includes: - - * CPU core utilization. - * CPU cache utilization. - * Memory footprint. - * System bus (QPI, PCI, ..) utilization. - * Memory lanes utilization. - * CPU cycles consumed per packet. - * Time To Establish Flows Tests. - -- **Noisy Neighbour Tests**, to understand the effects of resource - sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. - -**Note:** some of the tests above can be conducted simultaneously where -the combined results would be insightful, for example Packet/Frame Delay -and Scalability. - - - -.. 3.2 - -.. _details-of-LTP: - -=================================== -Details of the Level Test Plan -=================================== - -This section describes the following items: -* Test items and their identifiers (TestItems_) -* Test Traceability Matrix (TestMatrix_) -* Features to be tested (FeaturesToBeTested_) -* Features not to be tested (FeaturesNotToBeTested_) -* Approach (Approach_) -* Item pass/fail criteria (PassFailCriteria_) -* Suspension criteria and resumption requirements (SuspensionResumptionReqs_) - -.. 3.2.1 - -.. _TestItems: - -Test items and their identifiers -================================== -The test item/application vsperf is trying to test are virtual switches and in -particular their performance in an nfv environment. vsperf will first try to -measure the maximum achievable performance by a virtual switch and then it will -focus in on usecases that are as close to real life deployment scenarios as -possible. - -.. 3.2.2 - -.. _TestMatrix: - -Test Traceability Matrix -========================== -vswitchperf leverages the "3x3" matrix (introduced in -https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-bmwg-virtual-net-02) to achieve test -traceability. The matrix was expanded to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics when -displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). Test case covreage in the -LTD is tracked using the following catagories: - - -+---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ -| | | | | | -| | SPEED | ACCURACY | RELIABILITY | SCALE | -| | | | | | -+---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ -| | | | | | -| Activation | X | X | X | X | -| | | | | | -+---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ -| | | | | | -| Operation | X | X | X | X | -| | | | | | -+---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ -| | | | | | -| De-activation | | | | | -| | | | | | -+---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ - -X = denotes a test catagory that has 1 or more test cases defined. - -.. 3.2.3 - -.. _FeaturesToBeTested: - -Features to be tested -========================== - -Characterizing virtual switches (i.e. Device Under Test (DUT) in this document) -includes measuring the following performance metrics: - -- **Throughput** as defined by `RFC1242 - `__: The maximum rate at which - **none** of the offered frames are dropped by the DUT. The maximum frame - rate and bit rate that can be transmitted by the DUT without any error - should be recorded. Note there is an equivalent bit rate and a specific - layer at which the payloads contribute to the bits. Errors and - improperly formed frames or packets are dropped. -- **Packet delay** introduced by the DUT and its cumulative effect on - E2E networks. Frame delay can be measured equivalently. -- **Packet delay variation**: measured from the perspective of the - VNF/application. Packet delay variation is sometimes called "jitter". - However, we will avoid the term "jitter" as the term holds different - meaning to different groups of people. In this document we will - simply use the term packet delay variation. The preferred form for this - metric is the PDV form of delay variation defined in `RFC5481 - `__. The most relevant - measurement of PDV considers the delay variation of a single user flow, - as this will be relevant to the size of end-system buffers to compensate - for delay variation. The measurement system's ability to store the - delays of individual packets in the flow of interest is a key factor - that determines the specific measurement method. At the outset, it is - ideal to view the complete PDV distribution. Systems that can capture - and store packets and their delays have the freedom to calculate the - reference minimum delay and to determine various quantiles of the PDV - distribution accurately (in post-measurement processing routines). - Systems without storage must apply algorithms to calculate delay and - statistical measurements on the fly. For example, a system may store - temporary estimates of the mimimum delay and the set of (100) packets - with the longest delays during measurement (to calculate a high quantile, - and update these sets with new values periodically. - In some cases, a limited number of delay histogram bins will be - available, and the bin limits will need to be set using results from - repeated experiments. See section 8 of `RFC5481 - `__. -- **Packet loss** (within a configured waiting time at the receiver): All - packets sent to the DUT should be accounted for. -- **Burst behaviour**: measures the ability of the DUT to buffer packets. -- **Packet re-ordering**: measures the ability of the device under test to - maintain sending order throughout transfer to the destination. -- **Packet correctness**: packets or Frames must be well-formed, in that - they include all required fields, conform to length requirements, pass - integrity checks, etc. -- **Availability and capacity** of the DUT i.e. when the DUT is fully “up” - and connected, following measurements should be captured for - DUT without any network packet load: - - - Includes average power consumption of the CPUs (in various power states) and - system over specified period of time. Time period should not be less - than 60 seconds. - - Includes average per core CPU utilization over specified period of time. - Time period should not be less than 60 seconds. - - Includes the number of NIC interfaces supported. - - Includes headroom of VM workload processing cores (i.e. available - for applications). - -.. 3.2.4 - -.. _FeaturesNotToBeTested: - -Features not to be tested -========================== -vsperf doesn't intend to define or perform any functional tests. The aim is to -focus on performance. - -.. 3.2.5 - -.. _Approach: - -Approach -============== -The testing approach adoped by the vswitchperf project is black box testing, -meaning the test inputs can be generated and the outputs captured and -completely evaluated from the outside of the System Under Test. Some metrics -can be collected on the SUT, such as cpu or memory utilization if the -collection has no/minimal impact on benchmark. -This section will look at the deployment scenarios and the general methodology -used by vswitchperf. In addition, this section will also specify the details of -the Test Report that must be collected for each of the test cases. - -.. 3.2.5.1 - -Deployment Scenarios --------------------------- -The following represents possible deployment test scenarios which can -help to determine the performance of both the virtual switch and the -datapaths to physical ports (to NICs) and to logical ports (to VNFs): - -.. 3.2.5.1.1 - -.. _Phy2Phy: - -Physical port → vSwitch → physical port -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +--------------------------------------------------+ | - | +--------------------+ | | - | | | | | - | | v | | Host - | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | - | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | - +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ _| - ^ : - | | - : v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - -.. 3.2.5.1.2 - -.. _PVP: - -Physical port → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → physical port -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +---------------------------------------------------+ | - | | | - | +-------------------------------------------+ | | - | | Application | | | - | +-------------------------------------------+ | | - | ^ : | | - | | | | | Guest - | : v | | - | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | - | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | - +---+---------------+-----------+---------------+---+ _| - ^ : - | | - : v _ - +---+---------------+----------+---------------+---+ | - | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | - | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | - | ^ : | | - | | | | | Host - | : v | | - | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | - | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | - +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ _| - ^ : - | | - : v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - -.. 3.2.5.1.3 - -.. _PVVP: - -Physical port → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → physical port -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | - | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | | Application | | | | Application | | | - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | ^ | | | ^ | | | - | | v | | | v | | Guests - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | - | | 0 1 | | | | 0 1 | | | - +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+ _| - ^ : ^ : - | | | | - : v : v _ - +---+---------------+---------+---------------+--+ | - | | 0 1 | | 3 4 | | | - | | logical ports | | logical ports | | | - | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | - | ^ | ^ | | | Host - | | L-----------------+ v | | - | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | - | | phy ports | vSwitch | phy ports | | | - +---+--------------+----------+--------------+---+ _| - ^ ^ : : - | | | | - : : v v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - -.. 3.2.5.1.4 - -Physical port → VNF → vSwitch → VNF → physical port -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | - | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | - |+-------------------+ | | +-------------------+| | - || Application | | | | Application || | - |+-------------------+ | | +-------------------+| | - | ^ | | | ^ | | | Guests - | | v | | | v | | - |+-------------------+ | | +-------------------+| | - || logical ports | | | | logical ports || | - || 0 1 | | | | 0 1 || | - ++--------------------++ ++--------------------++ _| - ^ : ^ : - (PCI passthrough) | | (PCI passthrough) - | v : | _ - +--------++------------+-+------------++---------+ | - | | || 0 | | 1 || | | | - | | ||logical port| |logical port|| | | | - | | |+------------+ +------------+| | | | - | | | | ^ | | | | - | | | L-----------------+ | | | | - | | | | | | | Host - | | | vSwitch | | | | - | | +-----------------------------+ | | | - | | | | | - | | v | | - | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | - | | phy port/VF | | phy port/VF | | | - +-+--------------+--------------+--------------+-+ _| - ^ : - | | - : v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - -.. 3.2.5.1.5 - -Physical port → vSwitch → VNF -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +---------------------------------------------------+ | - | | | - | +-------------------------------------------+ | | - | | Application | | | - | +-------------------------------------------+ | | - | ^ | | - | | | | Guest - | : | | - | +---------------+ | | - | | logical port 0| | | - +---+---------------+-------------------------------+ _| - ^ - | - : _ - +---+---------------+------------------------------+ | - | | logical port 0| | | - | +---------------+ | | - | ^ | | - | | | | Host - | : | | - | +--------------+ | | - | | phy port | vSwitch | | - +---+--------------+------------ -------------- ---+ _| - ^ - | - : - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - -.. 3.2.5.1.6 - -VNF → vSwitch → physical port -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +---------------------------------------------------+ | - | | | - | +-------------------------------------------+ | | - | | Application | | | - | +-------------------------------------------+ | | - | : | | - | | | | Guest - | v | | - | +---------------+ | | - | | logical port | | | - +-------------------------------+---------------+---+ _| - : - | - v _ - +------------------------------+---------------+---+ | - | | logical port | | | - | +---------------+ | | - | : | | - | | | | Host - | v | | - | +--------------+ | | - | vSwitch | phy port | | | - +-------------------------------+--------------+---+ _| - : - | - v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - -.. 3.2.5.1.7 - -VNF → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +-------------------------+ +-------------------------+ | - | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | - | +-----------------+ | | +-----------------+ | | - | | Application | | | | Application | | | - | +-----------------+ | | +-----------------+ | | - | : | | ^ | | - | | | | | | | Guest - | v | | : | | - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | | logical port 0| | | | logical port 0| | | - +-----+---------------+---+ +---+---------------+-----+ _| - : ^ - | | - v : _ - +----+---------------+------------+---------------+-----+ | - | | port 0 | | port 1 | | | - | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | - | : ^ | | - | | | | | Host - | +--------------------+ | | - | | | - | vswitch | | - +-------------------------------------------------------+ _| - -.. 3.2.5.1.8 - -HOST 1(Physical port → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → Physical port) -→ HOST 2(Physical port → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → Physical port) - -HOST 1 (PVP) → HOST 2 (PVP) -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -.. code-block:: console - - _ - +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | - | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | | Application | | | | Application | | | - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | ^ | | | ^ | | | - | | v | | | v | | Guests - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | - | | 0 1 | | | | 0 1 | | | - +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+ _| - ^ : ^ : - | | | | - : v : v _ - +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+ | - | | 0 1 | | | | 3 4 | | | - | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | - | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | - | ^ | | | ^ | | | Hosts - | | v | | | v | | - | +--------------+ | | +--------------+ | | - | | phy ports | | | | phy ports | | | - +---+--------------+---+ +---+--------------+---+ _| - ^ : : : - | +-----------------+ | - : v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - - - -**Note:** For tests where the traffic generator and/or measurement -receiver are implemented on VM and connected to the virtual switch -through vNIC, the issues of shared resources and interactions between -the measurement devices and the device under test must be considered. - -**Note:** Some RFC 2889 tests require a full-mesh sending and receiving -pattern involving more than two ports. This possibility is illustrated in the -Physical port → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → physical port -diagram above (with 2 sending and 2 receiving ports, though all ports -could be used bi-directionally). - -**Note:** When Deployment Scenarios are used in RFC 2889 address learning -or cache capacity testing, an additional port from the vSwitch must be -connected to the test device. This port is used to listen for flooded -frames. - -.. 3.2.5.2 - -General Methodology: --------------------------- -To establish the baseline performance of the virtual switch, tests would -initially be run with a simple workload in the VNF (the recommended -simple workload VNF would be `DPDK `__'s testpmd -application forwarding packets in a VM or vloop\_vnf a simple kernel -module that forwards traffic between two network interfaces inside the -virtualized environment while bypassing the networking stack). -Subsequently, the tests would also be executed with a real Telco -workload running in the VNF, which would exercise the virtual switch in -the context of higher level Telco NFV use cases, and prove that its -underlying characteristics and behaviour can be measured and validated. -Suitable real Telco workload VNFs are yet to be identified. - -.. 3.2.5.2.1 - -.. _default-test-parameters: - -Default Test Parameters -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -The following list identifies the default parameters for suite of -tests: - -- Reference application: Simple forwarding or Open Source VNF. -- Frame size (bytes): 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, 1518, 2K, 4k OR - Packet size based on use-case (e.g. RTP 64B, 256B) OR Mix of packet sizes as - maintained by the Functest project . -- Reordering check: Tests should confirm that packets within a flow are - not reordered. -- Duplex: Unidirectional / Bidirectional. Default: Full duplex with - traffic transmitting in both directions, as network traffic generally - does not flow in a single direction. By default the data rate of - transmitted traffic should be the same in both directions, please - note that asymmetric traffic (e.g. downlink-heavy) tests will be - mentioned explicitly for the relevant test cases. -- Number of Flows: Default for non scalability tests is a single flow. - For scalability tests the goal is to test with maximum supported - flows but where possible will test up to 10 Million flows. Start with - a single flow and scale up. By default flows should be added - sequentially, tests that add flows simultaneously will explicitly - call out their flow addition behaviour. Packets are generated across - the flows uniformly with no burstiness. For multi-core tests should - consider the number of packet flows based on vSwitch/VNF multi-thread - implementation and behavior. - -- Traffic Types: UDP, SCTP, RTP, GTP and UDP traffic. -- Deployment scenarios are: -- Physical → virtual switch → physical. -- Physical → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → physical. -- Physical → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → VNF → virtual - switch → physical. -- Physical → VNF → virtual switch → VNF → physical. -- Physical → virtual switch → VNF. -- VNF → virtual switch → Physical. -- VNF → virtual switch → VNF. - -Tests MUST have these parameters unless otherwise stated. **Test cases -with non default parameters will be stated explicitly**. - -**Note**: For throughput tests unless stated otherwise, test -configurations should ensure that traffic traverses the installed flows -through the virtual switch, i.e. flows are installed and have an appropriate -time out that doesn't expire before packet transmission starts. - -.. 3.2.5.2.2 - -Flow Classification -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -Virtual switches classify packets into flows by processing and matching -particular header fields in the packet/frame and/or the input port where -the packets/frames arrived. The vSwitch then carries out an action on -the group of packets that match the classification parameters. Thus a -flow is considered to be a sequence of packets that have a shared set of -header field values or have arrived on the same port and have the same -action applied to them. Performance results can vary based on the -parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended flow -classification parameters for L3 vSwitch performance tests are: the -input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and the -Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow -time-out time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that -do not measure the flow set-up time. Normally the first packet of a -particular flow will install the flow in the vSwitch which adds an -additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are not subject -to this latency if the flow is already installed on the vSwitch. - -.. 3.2.5.2.3 - -Test Priority -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -Tests will be assigned a priority in order to determine which tests -should be implemented immediately and which tests implementations -can be deferred. - -Priority can be of following types: - Urgent: Must be implemented -immediately. - High: Must be implemented in the next release. - Medium: -May be implemented after the release. - Low: May or may not be -implemented at all. - -.. 3.2.5.2.4 - -SUT Setup -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -The SUT should be configured to its "default" state. The -SUT's configuration or set-up must not change between tests in any way -other than what is required to do the test. All supported protocols must -be configured and enabled for each test set up. - -.. 3.2.5.2.5 - -Port Configuration -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -The DUT should be configured with n ports where -n is a multiple of 2. Half of the ports on the DUT should be used as -ingress ports and the other half of the ports on the DUT should be used -as egress ports. Where a DUT has more than 2 ports, the ingress data -streams should be set-up so that they transmit packets to the egress -ports in sequence so that there is an even distribution of traffic -across ports. For example, if a DUT has 4 ports 0(ingress), 1(ingress), -2(egress) and 3(egress), the traffic stream directed at port 0 should -output a packet to port 2 followed by a packet to port 3. The traffic -stream directed at port 1 should also output a packet to port 2 followed -by a packet to port 3. - -.. 3.2.5.2.6 - -Frame Formats -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - -**Frame formats Layer 2 (data link layer) protocols** - -- Ethernet II - -.. code-block:: console - - +---------------------------+-----------+ - | Ethernet Header | Payload | Check Sum | - +-----------------+---------+-----------+ - |_________________|_________|___________| - 14 Bytes 46 - 1500 4 Bytes - Bytes - - -**Layer 3 (network layer) protocols** - -- IPv4 - -.. code-block:: console - - +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ - | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Payload | Checksum | - +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ - |_________________|___________|_________|___________| - 14 Bytes 20 bytes 26 - 1480 4 Bytes - Bytes - -- IPv6 - -.. code-block:: console - - +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ - | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Payload | Checksum | - +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ - |_________________|___________|_________|___________| - 14 Bytes 40 bytes 26 - 1460 4 Bytes - Bytes - -**Layer 4 (transport layer) protocols** - - - TCP - - UDP - - SCTP - -.. code-block:: console - - +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ - | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Layer 4 Header | Payload | Checksum | - +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ - |_________________|___________|_________________|_________|___________| - 14 Bytes 40 bytes 20 Bytes 6 - 1460 4 Bytes - Bytes - - -**Layer 5 (application layer) protocols** - - - RTP - - GTP - -.. code-block:: console - - +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ - | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Layer 4 Header | Payload | Checksum | - +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ - |_________________|___________|_________________|_________|___________| - 14 Bytes 20 bytes 20 Bytes >= 6 Bytes 4 Bytes - -.. 3.2.5.2.7 - -Packet Throughput -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -There is a difference between an Ethernet frame, -an IP packet, and a UDP datagram. In the seven-layer OSI model of -computer networking, packet refers to a data unit at layer 3 (network -layer). The correct term for a data unit at layer 2 (data link layer) is -a frame, and at layer 4 (transport layer) is a segment or datagram. - -Important concepts related to 10GbE performance are frame rate and -throughput. The MAC bit rate of 10GbE, defined in the IEEE standard 802 -.3ae, is 10 billion bits per second. Frame rate is based on the bit rate -and frame format definitions. Throughput, defined in IETF RFC 1242, is -the highest rate at which the system under test can forward the offered -load, without loss. - -The frame rate for 10GbE is determined by a formula that divides the 10 -billion bits per second by the preamble + frame length + inter-frame -gap. - -The maximum frame rate is calculated using the minimum values of the -following parameters, as described in the IEEE 802 .3ae standard: - -- Preamble: 8 bytes \* 8 = 64 bits -- Frame Length: 64 bytes (minimum) \* 8 = 512 bits -- Inter-frame Gap: 12 bytes (minimum) \* 8 = 96 bits - -Therefore, Maximum Frame Rate (64B Frames) -= MAC Transmit Bit Rate / (Preamble + Frame Length + Inter-frame Gap) -= 10,000,000,000 / (64 + 512 + 96) -= 10,000,000,000 / 672 -= 14,880,952.38 frame per second (fps) - -.. 3.2.5.3 - -RFCs for testing virtual switch performance --------------------------------------------------- - -The starting point for defining the suite of tests for benchmarking the -performance of a virtual switch is to take existing RFCs and standards -that were designed to test their physical counterparts and adapting them -for testing virtual switches. The rationale behind this is to establish -a fair comparison between the performance of virtual and physical -switches. This section outlines the RFCs that are used by this -specification. - -.. 3.2.5.3.1 - -RFC 1242 Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -Devices RFC 1242 defines the terminology that is used in describing -performance benchmarking tests and their results. Definitions and -discussions covered include: Back-to-back, bridge, bridge/router, -constant load, data link frame size, frame loss rate, inter frame gap, -latency, and many more. - -.. 3.2.5.3.2 - -RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -RFC 2544 outlines a benchmarking methodology for network Interconnect -Devices. The methodology results in performance metrics such as latency, -frame loss percentage, and maximum data throughput. - -In this document network “throughput” (measured in millions of frames -per second) is based on RFC 2544, unless otherwise noted. Frame size -refers to Ethernet frames ranging from smallest frames of 64 bytes to -largest frames of 9K bytes. - -Types of tests are: - -1. Throughput test defines the maximum number of frames per second - that can be transmitted without any error, or 0% loss ratio. - In some Throughput tests (and those tests with long duration), - evaluation of an additional frame loss ratio is suggested. The - current ratio (10^-7 %) is based on understanding the typical - user-to-user packet loss ratio needed for good application - performance and recognizing that a single transfer through a - vswitch must contribute a tiny fraction of user-to-user loss. - Further, the ratio 10^-7 % also recognizes practical limitations - when measuring loss ratio. - -2. Latency test measures the time required for a frame to travel from - the originating device through the network to the destination device. - Please note that RFC2544 Latency measurement will be superseded with - a measurement of average latency over all successfully transferred - packets or frames. - -3. Frame loss test measures the network’s - response in overload conditions - a critical indicator of the - network’s ability to support real-time applications in which a - large amount of frame loss will rapidly degrade service quality. - -4. Burst test assesses the buffering capability of a virtual switch. It - measures the maximum number of frames received at full line rate - before a frame is lost. In carrier Ethernet networks, this - measurement validates the excess information rate (EIR) as defined in - many SLAs. - -5. System recovery to characterize speed of recovery from an overload - condition. - -6. Reset to characterize speed of recovery from device or software - reset. This type of test has been updated by `RFC6201 - `__ as such, - the methodology defined by this specification will be that of RFC 6201. - -Although not included in the defined RFC 2544 standard, another crucial -measurement in Ethernet networking is packet delay variation. The -definition set out by this specification comes from -`RFC5481 `__. - -.. 3.2.5.3.3 - -RFC 2285 Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching Devices -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -RFC 2285 defines the terminology that is used to describe the -terminology for benchmarking a LAN switching device. It extends RFC -1242 and defines: DUTs, SUTs, Traffic orientation and distribution, -bursts, loads, forwarding rates, etc. - -.. 3.2.5.3.4 - -RFC 2889 Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -RFC 2889 outlines a benchmarking methodology for LAN switching, it -extends RFC 2544. The outlined methodology gathers performance -metrics for forwarding, congestion control, latency, address handling -and finally filtering. - -.. 3.2.5.3.5 - -RFC 3918 Methodology for IP Multicast Benchmarking -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -RFC 3918 outlines a methodology for IP Multicast benchmarking. - -.. 3.2.5.3.6 - -RFC 4737 Packet Reordering Metrics -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -RFC 4737 describes metrics for identifying and counting re-ordered -packets within a stream, and metrics to measure the extent each -packet has been re-ordered. - -.. 3.2.5.3.7 - -RFC 5481 Packet Delay Variation Applicability Statement -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -RFC 5481 defined two common, but different forms of delay variation -metrics, and compares the metrics over a range of networking -circumstances and tasks. The most suitable form for vSwitch -benchmarking is the "PDV" form. - -.. 3.2.5.3.8 - -RFC 6201 Device Reset Characterization -~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ -RFC 6201 extends the methodology for characterizing the speed of -recovery of the DUT from device or software reset described in RFC -2544. - -.. 3.2.6: - -.. _PassFailCriteria: - -Item pass/fail criteria -========================= - -vswitchperf does not specify Pass/Fail criteria for the tests in terms of a -threshold, as benchmarks do not (and should not do this). The results/metrics -for a test are simply reported. If it had to be defined, a test is considered -to have passed if it succesfully completed and a relavent metric was -recorded/reported for the SUT. - -.. 3.2.7: - -.. _SuspensionResumptionReqs: - -Suspension criteria and resumption requirements -================================================ -In the case of a throughput test, a test should be suspended if a virtual -switch is failing to forward any traffic. A test should be restarted from a -clean state if the intention is to carry out the test again. - -.. 3.2.8: - -.. _TestDelierables: - -Test deliverables -================== -Each test should produce a test report that details SUT information as well as -the test results. There are a number of parameters related to the system, DUT -and tests that can affect the repeatability of a test results and should be -recorded. In order to minimise the variation in the results of a test, -it is recommended that the test report includes the following information: - -- Hardware details including: - - - Platform details. - - Processor details. - - Memory information (see below) - - Number of enabled cores. - - Number of cores used for the test. - - Number of physical NICs, as well as their details (manufacturer, - versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged into). - - NIC interrupt configuration. - - BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were - modified. - -- Software details including: - - - OS version (for host and VNF) - - Kernel version (for host and VNF) - - GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF). - - Hypervisor details (Type and version). - - Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used. - - vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised. - - Memory allocation to the vSwitch – which NUMA node it is using, - and how many memory channels. - - Where the vswitch is built from source: compiler details including - versions and the flags that were used to compile the vSwitch. - - DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id used. - - Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere. - - VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent - non-persistent. - - Number of VMs. - - Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver. - - Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host. - - Number vNIC interrupt configuration. - - Thread affinitization for the applications (including the vSwitch - itself) on the host. - - Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for - Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes - (taskset). - -- Memory Details - - - Total memory - - Type of memory - - Used memory - - Active memory - - Inactive memory - - Free memory - - Buffer memory - - Swap cache - - Total swap - - Used swap - - Free swap - -- Test duration. -- Number of flows. -- Traffic Information: - - - Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other. - - Packet Sizes. - -- Deployment Scenario. - -**Note**: Tests that require additional parameters to be recorded will -explicitly specify this. - - -.. 3.3: - -.. _TestManagement: - -Test management -================= -This section will detail the test activities that will be conducted by vsperf -as well as the infrastructure that will be used to complete the tests in OPNFV. - -.. 3.3.1: - -Planned activities and tasks; test progression -================================================= -A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying to -ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results between runs. -When benchmarking the performance of a virtual switch there are many -factors that can affect the consistency of results. This section -describes these factors and the measures that can be taken to limit -their effects. In addition, this section will outline some system tests -to validate the platform and the VNF before conducting any vSwitch -benchmarking tests. - -**System Isolation:** - -When conducting a benchmarking test on any SUT, it is essential to limit -(and if reasonable, eliminate) any noise that may interfere with the -accuracy of the metrics collected by the test. This noise may be -introduced by other hardware or software (OS, other applications), and -can result in significantly varying performance metrics being collected -between consecutive runs of the same test. In the case of characterizing -the performance of a virtual switch, there are a number of configuration -parameters that can help increase the repeatability and stability of -test results, including: - -- OS/GRUB configuration: - - - maxcpus = n where n >= 0; limits the kernel to using 'n' - processors. Only use exactly what you need. - - isolcpus: Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler. Isolate all - CPUs bar one which will be used by the OS. - - use taskset to affinitize the forwarding application and the VNFs - onto isolated cores. VNFs and the vSwitch should be allocated - their own cores, i.e. must not share the same cores. vCPUs for the - VNF should be affinitized to individual cores also. - - Limit the amount of background applications that are running and - set OS to boot to runlevel 3. Make sure to kill any unnecessary - system processes/daemons. - - Only enable hardware that you need to use for your test – to - ensure there are no other interrupts on the system. - - Configure NIC interrupts to only use the cores that are not - allocated to any other process (VNF/vSwitch). - -- NUMA configuration: Any unused sockets in a multi-socket system - should be disabled. -- CPU pinning: The vSwitch and the VNF should each be affinitized to - separate logical cores using a combination of maxcpus, isolcpus and - taskset. -- BIOS configuration: BIOS should be configured for performance where - an explicit option exists, sleep states should be disabled, any - virtualization optimization technologies should be enabled, and - hyperthreading should also be enabled, turbo boost and overclocking - should be disabled. - -**System Validation:** - -System validation is broken down into two sub-categories: Platform -validation and VNF validation. The validation test itself involves -verifying the forwarding capability and stability for the sub-system -under test. The rationale behind system validation is two fold. Firstly -to give a tester confidence in the stability of the platform or VNF that -is being tested; and secondly to provide base performance comparison -points to understand the overhead introduced by the virtual switch. - -* Benchmark platform forwarding capability: This is an OPTIONAL test - used to verify the platform and measure the base performance (maximum - forwarding rate in fps and latency) that can be achieved by the - platform without a vSwitch or a VNF. The following diagram outlines - the set-up for benchmarking Platform forwarding capability: - - .. code-block:: console - - __ - +--------------------------------------------------+ | - | +------------------------------------------+ | | - | | | | | - | | l2fw or DPDK L2FWD app | | Host - | | | | | - | +------------------------------------------+ | | - | | NIC | | | - +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| - ^ : - | | - : v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - -* Benchmark VNF forwarding capability: This test is used to verify - the VNF and measure the base performance (maximum forwarding rate in - fps and latency) that can be achieved by the VNF without a vSwitch. - The performance metrics collected by this test will serve as a key - comparison point for NIC passthrough technologies and vSwitches. VNF - in this context refers to the hypervisor and the VM. The following - diagram outlines the set-up for benchmarking VNF forwarding - capability: - - .. code-block:: console - - __ - +--------------------------------------------------+ | - | +------------------------------------------+ | | - | | | | | - | | VNF | | | - | | | | | - | +------------------------------------------+ | | - | | Passthrough/SR-IOV | | Host - | +------------------------------------------+ | | - | | NIC | | | - +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| - ^ : - | | - : v - +--------------------------------------------------+ - | | - | traffic generator | - | | - +--------------------------------------------------+ - - -**Methodology to benchmark Platform/VNF forwarding capability** - - -The recommended methodology for the platform/VNF validation and -benchmark is: - Run `RFC2889 `__ -Maximum Forwarding Rate test, this test will produce maximum -forwarding rate and latency results that will serve as the -expected values. These expected values can be used in -subsequent steps or compared with in subsequent validation tests. - -Transmit bidirectional traffic at line rate/max forwarding rate -(whichever is higher) for at least 72 hours, measure throughput (fps) -and latency. - Note: Traffic should be bidirectional. - Establish a -baseline forwarding rate for what the platform can achieve. - Additional -validation: After the test has completed for 72 hours run bidirectional -traffic at the maximum forwarding rate once more to see if the system is -still functional and measure throughput (fps) and latency. Compare the -measure the new obtained values with the expected values. - -**NOTE 1**: How the Platform is configured for its forwarding capability -test (BIOS settings, GRUB configuration, runlevel...) is how the -platform should be configured for every test after this - -**NOTE 2**: How the VNF is configured for its forwarding capability test -(# of vCPUs, vNICs, Memory, affinitization…) is how it should be -configured for every test that uses a VNF after this. - -**Methodology to benchmark the VNF to vSwitch to VNF deployment scenario** - -vsperf has identified the following concerns when benchmarking the VNF to -vSwitch to VNF deployment scenario: - -* The accuracy of the timing synchronization between VNFs/VMs. -* The clock accuracy of a VNF/VM if they were to be used as traffic generators. -* VNF traffic generator/receiver may be using resources of the system under - test, causing at least three forms of workload to increase as the traffic - load increases (generation, switching, receiving). - -The recommendation from vsperf is that tests for this sceanario must -include an external HW traffic generator to act as the tester/traffic transmitter -and receiver. The perscribed methodology to benchmark this deployment scanrio with -an external tester involves the following three steps: - -#. Determine the forwarding capability and latency through the virtual interface -connected to the VNF/VM. - -.. Figure:: vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png - - Virtual interfaces performance benchmark - -#. Determine the forwarding capability and latency through the VNF/hypervisor. - -.. Figure:: vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png - - Hypervisor performance benchmark - -#. Determine the forwarding capability and latency for the VNF to vSwitch to VNF - taking the information from the previous two steps into account. - -.. Figure:: vm2vm_benchmark.png - - VNF to vSwitch to VNF performance benchmark - -vsperf also identified an alternative configuration for the final step: - -.. Figure:: vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png - - VNF to vSwitch to VNF alternative performance benchmark - -.. 3.3.2: - -Environment/infrastructure -============================ -Intel is providing a hosted test-bed with nine bare-metal environments -allocated to different OPNFV projects. Currently a number of servers in -`Intel POD 3 `__ are -allocated to vsperf: - - * pod3-wcp-node3 and pod3-wcp-node4 which are used for CI jobs. - * pod3-node6 which is used as a vsperf sandbox environment. - -vsperf CI ---------- -vsperf CI jobs are broken down into: - - * Daily job: - - * Runs everyday takes about 10 hours to complete. - * TESTCASES_DAILY='phy2phy_tput back2back phy2phy_tput_mod_vlan - phy2phy_scalability pvp_tput pvp_back2back pvvp_tput pvvp_back2back'. - * TESTPARAM_DAILY='--test-params TRAFFICGEN_PKT_SIZES=(64,128,512,1024,1518)'. - - * Merge job: - - * Runs whenever patches are merged to master. - * Runs a basic Sanity test. - - * Verify job: - - * Runs every time a patch is pushed to gerrit. - * Builds documentation. - -Scripts: --------- -There are 2 scripts that are part of VSPERFs CI: - - * build-vsperf.sh: Lives in the VSPERF repository in the ci/ directory and is - used to run vsperf with the appropriate cli parameters. - * vswitchperf.yml: YAML description of our jenkins job. lives in the RELENG - repository. - -More info on vsperf CI can be found here: -https://wiki.opnfv.org/display/vsperf/VSPERF+CI - -.. 3.3.3: - -Responsibilities and authority -=============================== -The group responsible for managing, designing, preparing and executing the -tests listed in the LTD are the vsperf committers and contributors. The vsperf -committers and contributors should work with the relavent OPNFV projects to -ensure that the infrastructure is in place for testing vswitches, and that the -results are published to common end point (a results database). - diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/LICENSE b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7bc572ce --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. +http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE new file mode 100644 index 00000000..7fc9ae14 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/LICENSE @@ -0,0 +1,12 @@ +Copyright (c) 2016 IETF Trust and the persons identified as the +document authors. All rights reserved. + +This document is subject to BCP 78 and the IETF Trust's Legal +Provisions Relating to IETF Documents +(http://trustee.ietf.org/license-info) in effect on the date of +publication of this document. Please review these documents +carefully, as they describe your rights and restrictions with respect +to this document. Code Components extracted from this document must +include Simplified BSD License text as described in Section 4.e of +the Trust Legal Provisions and are provided without warranty as +described in the Simplified BSD License. diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2259b23c --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1016 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Benchmarking Virtual Switches in + OPNFV + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + maryam.tahhan@intel.com + + +
+ + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + billy.o.mahony@intel.com + + +
+ + + + AT&T Labs + +
+ + 200 Laurel Avenue South + + Middletown, + + NJ + + 07748 + + USA + + + +1 732 420 1571 + + +1 732 368 1192 + + acmorton@att.com + + http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ +
+ + + + + + This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project + intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking + Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. + The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted + laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of + internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the + additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in + general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also + influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" + infrastructure. + + + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. + + + + + + +
+ Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally + conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical + implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks + of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our + industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has + the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and + therefore has garnered much attention. + + This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV + (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, + "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and + completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by + referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often + referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is + common and strong. + + See + https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases + for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: + https://www.opnfv.org/ + + The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open + source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing + "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in + which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance + dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of + isochronous media streams is one example. + + Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many + new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are + currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other + projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We + acknowledge the early work in , and useful + discussion with the authors. +
+ +
+ The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry + of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature + and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking + virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these + extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware + switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). + Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and + commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's + chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch + is an important aspect of that infrastructure). +
+ +
+ This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual + switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, + as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) + document. + +
+ To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations + with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. + BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo + re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them + during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the + number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance + with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was + reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. + + It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application + running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory + footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of + internetworking functions. +
+ +
+ External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. + Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will + be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations + procedures when the technology is deployed. +
+ +
+ A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying + to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When + benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that + can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the + various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists + some of the many new parameters which this project believes are + critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. + + Hardware details including: + + + Platform details + + Processor details + + Memory information (type and size) + + Number of enabled cores + + Number of cores used for the test + + Number of physical NICs, as well as their details + (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged + into) + + NIC interrupt configuration + + BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified + + CPU microcode level + + Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be + the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations + + PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack + option...) + + Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor + package, OS...) + Software details including: + + + OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at + the console on one system) + + OS version (for host and VNF) + + Kernel version (for host and VNF) + + GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) + + Hypervisor details (Type and version) + + Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used + + vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised + + Memory allocation to the vSwitch + + which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels + + DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id + used + + Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere + + VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent + non-persistent + + Number of VMs + + Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver + + Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host + + Number vNIC interrupt configuration + + Thread affinitization for the applications (including the + vSwitch itself) on the host + + Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for + Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. + + + Test Traffic Information: + Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other + + Packet Sizes + + Deployment Scenario + + + +
+ +
+ Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and + matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching + packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a + sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values + (5-tuple) or have arrived on the same port. Performance results can + vary based on the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The + recommended flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance + tests are: the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP + address and the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to + increase the flow timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any + performance tests that do not measure the flow setup time. Normally + the first packet of a particular stream will install the flow in the + virtual switch which adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of + the same flow are not subject to this latency if the flow is already + installed on the vSwitch. +
+ +
+ This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated + resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this + time. + + + Baselines: + Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without + a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of + platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance + for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and + latency).
+ Benchmark platform forwarding + capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct + connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 + hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to + obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its + maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered + from this test will serve as a key comparison point for + vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch + performance.
+ Benchmark VNF forwarding capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other + resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are + SUT + + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some + resources unused + + Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources + occupied + + + Next Steps + Limited sharing + + Production scenarios + + Stressful scenarios + + +
+
+ +
+ The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level + Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance + tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the + pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of + physical switches. These specifications include: + + + Benchmarking Methodology for Network + Interconnect Devices + + Benchmarking Methodology for LAN + Switching + + Device Reset Characterization + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for + the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment + developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community + have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test + system. + + In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined + by: + + + Benchmarking Terminology for LAN + Switching Devices + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + + + Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD + include: + Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking + + Packet Reordering Metrics + + + As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking + characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the + switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the + specification. + + When considering characteristics important to "telco" network + functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In + this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the + IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a + metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of + statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further + metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as + defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT + availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at + Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present + and characterized. + + Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics + below: + + + Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in + frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load + (as defined by ) without traffic loss. + + Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min + and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. + + Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers. + + Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs + as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic’s configuration… it has to deal with + increases. + + Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through + the switch. + + Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the + effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: + delay of the initial packet of a flow). + + CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual + switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as + auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU + utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. + + The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted + over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, and + at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture transient + changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent processes + or the low probability coincidence of two or more processes. The + performance must be evaluated periodically during continuous + testing, and this results in use of Frame + Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which + requires stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit + internal queues). + + + Future/planned test specs include: + Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the + transaction rate through the switch. + + Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. + + Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 + requirements on characterization of + acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. + The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a + network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to + characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment + scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to physical + port + + +
+ +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ + A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test + Methodology Wiki page . +
+ +
+ This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the + "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). + Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is + organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are + occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics + when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current + version of the LTD specification is available . + + The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data + plane, rather than the control plane. + + A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the + VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . + +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate + + PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency + +
+ +
+ + CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime + + Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime + +
+ +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate + + CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification + + Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames + + Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + + Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure + + Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering + + Throughput.RFC2544.Profile + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.Soak + + Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification + + PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak + +
+ +
+ + Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability + +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
+ Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to + technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test + (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with + dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections + above. + + The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup + and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic + into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management + network. + + Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying + solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. + + Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for + benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising + from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production + networks. +
+ +
+ No IANA Action is requested at this time. +
+ +
+ The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, + Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, + Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews. +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability + Best Practices + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Test Topologies + https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Spec Overview + https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Specification + http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/index.html + + + + + + + + + + + + Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release + https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra + + + + + + + + + + + + https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..c8a3d99b --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-ietf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1027 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Benchmarking Virtual Switches in + OPNFV + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + maryam.tahhan@intel.com + + +
+ + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + billy.o.mahony@intel.com + + +
+ + + + AT&T Labs + +
+ + 200 Laurel Avenue South + + Middletown, + + NJ + + 07748 + + USA + + + +1 732 420 1571 + + +1 732 368 1192 + + acmorton@att.com + + http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ +
+ + + + + + This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project + intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking + Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. + The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted + laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of + internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the + additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in + general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also + influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" + infrastructure. + + + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. + + + + + + +
+ Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally + conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical + implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks + of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our + industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has + the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and + therefore has garnered much attention. + + This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV + (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, + "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and + completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by + referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often + referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is + common and strong. + + See + https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases + for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: + https://www.opnfv.org/ + + The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open + source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing + "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in + which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance + dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of + isochronous media streams is one example. + + Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many + new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are + currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other + projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We + acknowledge the early work in , and useful + discussion with the authors. +
+ +
+ The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry + of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature + and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking + virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these + extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware + switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). + Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and + commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's + chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch + is an important aspect of that infrastructure). + + The benchmarking covered in this memo should be applicable to many + types of vswitches, and remain vswitch-agnostic to great degree. There + has been no attempt to track and test all features of any specific + vswitch implementation. +
+ +
+ This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual + switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, + as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) + document. + +
+ To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations + with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. + BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo + re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them + during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the + number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance + with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was + reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. + + It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application + running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory + footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of + internetworking functions. +
+ +
+ External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. + Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will + be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations + procedures when the technology is deployed. +
+ +
+ A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying + to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When + benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that + can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the + various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists + some of the many new parameters which this project believes are + critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. + + Hardware details including: + + + Platform details + + Processor details + + Memory information (type and size) + + Number of enabled cores + + Number of cores used for the test + + Number of physical NICs, as well as their details + (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged + into) + + NIC interrupt configuration + + BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified + + CPU microcode level + + Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be + the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations + + PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack + option...) + + Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor + package, OS...) + Software details including: + + + OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at + the console on one system) + + OS version (for host and VNF) + + Kernel version (for host and VNF) + + GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) + + Hypervisor details (Type and version) + + Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used + + vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised + + Memory allocation to the vSwitch + + which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels + + DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id + used + + Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere + + VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent + non-persistent + + Number of VMs + + Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver + + Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host + + Number vNIC interrupt configuration + + Thread affinitization for the applications (including the + vSwitch itself) on the host + + Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for + Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. + + + Test Traffic Information: + Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other + + Packet Sizes + + Deployment Scenario + + + +
+ +
+ Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and + matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching + packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a + sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values + (5-tuple) or have arrived on the same port. Performance results can + vary based on the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The + recommended flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance + tests are: the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP + address and the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to + increase the flow timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any + performance tests that do not measure the flow setup time. Normally + the first packet of a particular stream will install the flow in the + virtual switch which adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of + the same flow are not subject to this latency if the flow is already + installed on the vSwitch. +
+ +
+ This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated + resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this + time. + + + Baselines: + Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without + a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of + platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance + for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and + latency).
+ Benchmark platform forwarding + capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct + connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 + hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to + obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its + maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered + from this test will serve as a key comparison point for + vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch + performance.
+ Benchmark VNF forwarding capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other + resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are + SUT + + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some + resources unused + + Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources + occupied + + + Next Steps + Limited sharing + + Production scenarios + + Stressful scenarios + + +
+
+ +
+ The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level + Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance + tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the + pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of + physical switches. These specifications include: + + + Benchmarking Methodology for Network + Interconnect Devices + + Benchmarking Methodology for LAN + Switching + + Device Reset Characterization + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for + the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment + developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community + have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test + system. + + In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined + by: + + + Benchmarking Terminology for LAN + Switching Devices + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + + + Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD + include: + Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking + + Packet Reordering Metrics + + + As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking + characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the + switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the + specification. + + When considering characteristics important to "telco" network + functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In + this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the + IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a + metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of + statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further + metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as + defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT + availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at + Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present + and characterized. + + Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics + below: + + + Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in + frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load + (as defined by ) without traffic loss. + + Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min + and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. + + Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers. + + Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs + as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic’s configuration… it has to deal with + increases. + + Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through + the switch. + + Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the + effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: + delay of the initial packet of a flow). + + CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual + switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as + auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU + utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. + + The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted + over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, but + only long enough to determine that stability issues exist when + found; there is no requirement to continue a test when a DUT + exhibits instability over time). The key performance characteristics + and benchmarks for a DUT are determined (using short duration tests) + prior to conducting soak tests. The purpose of soak tests is to + capture transient changes in performance which may occur due to + infrequent processes, memory leaks, or the low probability + coincidence of two or more processes. The stability of the DUT is + the paramount consideration, so performance must be evaluated + periodically during continuous testing, and this results in use of + Frame Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which requires stopping traffic to + allow time for all traffic to exit internal queues), for + example. + + + Future/planned test specs include: + Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the + transaction rate through the switch. + + Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. + + Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 + requirements on characterization of + acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. + The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a + network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to + characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment + scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to physical + port + + +
+ +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ + A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test + Methodology Wiki page . +
+ +
+ This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the + "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). + Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is + organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are + occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics + when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current + version of the LTD specification is available . + + The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data + plane, rather than the control plane. + + A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the + VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . + +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate + + PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency + +
+ +
+ + CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime + + Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime + +
+ +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate + + CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification + + Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames + + Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + + Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure + + Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering + + Throughput.RFC2544.Profile + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.Soak + + Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification + + PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak + +
+ +
+ + Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability + +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
+ Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to + technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test + (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with + dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections + above. + + The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup + and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic + into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management + network. + + Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying + solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. + + Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for + benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising + from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production + networks. +
+ +
+ No IANA Action is requested at this time. +
+ +
+ The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, + Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, + Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews. +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability + Best Practices + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Test Topologies + https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Spec Overview + https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Specification + http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/brahmaputra/docs/requirements/index.html + + + + + + + + + + + + Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release + https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra + + + + + + + + + + + + https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b5f7f833 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,964 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Benchmarking Virtual Switches in + OPNFV + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + maryam.tahhan@intel.com + + +
+ + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + billy.o.mahony@intel.com + + +
+ + + + AT&T Labs + +
+ + 200 Laurel Avenue South + + Middletown, + + NJ + + 07748 + + USA + + + +1 732 420 1571 + + +1 732 368 1192 + + acmorton@att.com + + http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ +
+ + + + + + This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project + intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking + Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. + The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted + laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of + internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the + additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in + general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also + influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" + infrastructure. + + + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. + + + + + + +
+ Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally + conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical + implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks + of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our + industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has + the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and + therefore has garnered much attention. + + This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance characterization, "VSWITCHPERF". + This project intends to build on the current and completed work of the + Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing + literature. For example, currently the most often referenced RFC is + (which depends on ) and + foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is common and strong. + + See + https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases + for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: + https://www.opnfv.org/ + + The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open + source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing + "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in + which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance + dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of + isochronous media streams is one example. + + Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many + new benchmarking initiatives across the industry, and the authors are + currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other + projects, and this Internet Draft is evidence of the efforts. +
+ +
+ The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform BMWG of + work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive literature and + experience. Additionally, once the initial information conveyed here is + received, this memo may be expanded to include more detail and + commentary from both BMWG and OPNFV communities, under BMWG's chartered + work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch is an + important aspect of that infrastructure). +
+ +
+ This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual + switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, + as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) + document. + +
+ To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations + with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. + BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo + re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them + during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the + number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance + with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was + reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. + + It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application + running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory + footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of + internetworking functions. +
+ +
+ External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. + Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will + be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations + procedures when the technology is deployed. +
+ +
+ A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying + to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When + benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that + can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the + various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists + some of the many new parameters which this project believes are + critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. + + Hardware details including: + + + Platform details + + Processor details + + Memory information (type and size) + + Number of enabled cores + + Number of cores used for the test + + Number of physical NICs, as well as their details + (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged + into) + + NIC interrupt configuration + + BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified + + CPU microcode level + + Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be + the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations + + PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack + option...) + + Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor + package, OS...) + Software details including: + + + OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at + the console on one system) + + OS version (for host and VNF) + + Kernel version (for host and VNF) + + GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) + + Hypervisor details (Type and version) + + Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used + + vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised + + Memory allocation to the vSwitch + + which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels + + DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id + used + + Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere + + VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent + non-persistent + + Number of VMs + + Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver + + Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host + + Number vNIC interrupt configuration + + Thread affinitization for the applications (including the + vSwitch itself) on the host + + Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for + Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. + + + Test Traffic Information: + Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other + + Packet Sizes + + Deployment Scenario + + + +
+ +
+ Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and + matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching + packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a + sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values or + have arrived on the same port. Performance results can vary based on + the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended + flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance tests are: + the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and + the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow + timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that + do not measure the flow setup time. Normally the first packet of a + particular stream will install the flow in the virtual switch which + adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are + not subject to this latency if the flow is already installed on the + vSwitch. +
+ +
+ This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated + resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this + time. + + + Baselines: + Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without + a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of + platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance + for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and + latency).
+ Benchmark platform forwarding + capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct + connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 + hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to + obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its + maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered + from this test will serve as a key comparison point for + vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch + performance.
+ Benchmark VNF forwarding capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other + resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are + SUT + + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some + resources unused + + Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources + occupied + + + Next Steps + Limited sharing + + Production scenarios + + Stressful scenarios + + +
+
+ +
+ The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level + Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance + tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the + pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of + physical switches. These specifications include: + + + Benchmarking Methodology for Network + Interconnect Devices + + Benchmarking Methodology for LAN + Switching + + Device Reset Characterization + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for + the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment + developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community + have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test + system. + + In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined + by: + + + Benchmarking Terminology for LAN + Switching Devices + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + + + Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD + include: + Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking + + Packet Reordering Metrics + + + As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking + characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the + switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the + specification. + + When considering characteristics important to "telco" network + functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In + this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the + IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a + metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of + statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further + metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as + defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT + availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at + Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present + and characterized. + + Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics + below: + + + Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in + frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load + (as defined by RFC1242) without traffic loss. + + Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min + and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. + + Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers. + + Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs + as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic’s configuration… it has to deal with + increases. + + Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through + the switch. + + Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the + effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: + delay of the initial packet of a flow). + + CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual + switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as + auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU + utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. + + + Future/planned test specs include: + Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the + transaction rate through the switch. + + Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. + + Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 + requirements on characterization of + acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. + The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a + network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to + characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment + scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to physical + port + + +
+ +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ + A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test + Methodology Wiki page . +
+ +
+ This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the + "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). + Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is + organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are + occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics + when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). + + The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data + plane, rather than the control plane. + + A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the + VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . + +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate + + PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency + +
+ +
+ + CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime + + Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime + +
+ +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate + + CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification + + Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames + + Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + + Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure + + Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering + + Throughput.RFC2544.Profile + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.Soak + + Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification + + PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak + +
+ +
+ + Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability + +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
+ Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to + technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test + (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with + dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections + above. + + The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup + and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic + into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management + network. + + Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying + solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. + + Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for + benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising + from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production + networks. +
+ +
+ No IANA Action is requested at this time. +
+ +
+ The authors acknowledge +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability + Best Practices + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Test Topologies + https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Spec Overview + https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review + + + + + + + + + + + + https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..a9405a77 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-01.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1016 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Benchmarking Virtual Switches in + OPNFV + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + maryam.tahhan@intel.com + + +
+ + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + billy.o.mahony@intel.com + + +
+ + + + AT&T Labs + +
+ + 200 Laurel Avenue South + + Middletown, + + NJ + + 07748 + + USA + + + +1 732 420 1571 + + +1 732 368 1192 + + acmorton@att.com + + http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ +
+ + + + + + This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project + intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking + Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. + The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted + laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of + internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the + additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in + general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also + influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" + infrastructure. + + + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. + + + + + + +
+ Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally + conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical + implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks + of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our + industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has + the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and + therefore has garnered much attention. + + This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV + (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, + "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and + completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by + referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often + referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is + common and strong. + + See + https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases + for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: + https://www.opnfv.org/ + + The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open + source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing + "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in + which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance + dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of + isochronous media streams is one example. + + Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many + new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are + currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other + projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We + acknowledge the early work in , and useful + discussion with the authors. +
+ +
+ The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry + of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature + and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking + virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these + extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware + switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). + Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and + commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's + chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch + is an important aspect of that infrastructure). +
+ +
+ This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual + switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, + as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) + document. + +
+ To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations + with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. + BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo + re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them + during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the + number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance + with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was + reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. + + It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application + running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory + footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of + internetworking functions. +
+ +
+ External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. + Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will + be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations + procedures when the technology is deployed. +
+ +
+ A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying + to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When + benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that + can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the + various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists + some of the many new parameters which this project believes are + critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. + + Hardware details including: + + + Platform details + + Processor details + + Memory information (type and size) + + Number of enabled cores + + Number of cores used for the test + + Number of physical NICs, as well as their details + (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged + into) + + NIC interrupt configuration + + BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified + + CPU microcode level + + Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be + the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations + + PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack + option...) + + Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor + package, OS...) + Software details including: + + + OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at + the console on one system) + + OS version (for host and VNF) + + Kernel version (for host and VNF) + + GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) + + Hypervisor details (Type and version) + + Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used + + vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised + + Memory allocation to the vSwitch + + which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels + + DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id + used + + Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere + + VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent + non-persistent + + Number of VMs + + Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver + + Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host + + Number vNIC interrupt configuration + + Thread affinitization for the applications (including the + vSwitch itself) on the host + + Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for + Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. + + + Test Traffic Information: + Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other + + Packet Sizes + + Deployment Scenario + + + +
+ +
+ Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and + matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching + packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a + sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values or + have arrived on the same port. Performance results can vary based on + the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended + flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance tests are: + the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and + the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow + timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that + do not measure the flow setup time. Normally the first packet of a + particular stream will install the flow in the virtual switch which + adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are + not subject to this latency if the flow is already installed on the + vSwitch. +
+ +
+ This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated + resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this + time. + + + Baselines: + Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without + a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of + platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance + for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and + latency).
+ Benchmark platform forwarding + capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct + connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 + hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to + obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its + maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered + from this test will serve as a key comparison point for + vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch + performance.
+ Benchmark VNF forwarding capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other + resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are + SUT + + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some + resources unused + + Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources + occupied + + + Next Steps + Limited sharing + + Production scenarios + + Stressful scenarios + + +
+
+ +
+ The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level + Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance + tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the + pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of + physical switches. These specifications include: + + + Benchmarking Methodology for Network + Interconnect Devices + + Benchmarking Methodology for LAN + Switching + + Device Reset Characterization + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for + the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment + developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community + have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test + system. + + In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined + by: + + + Benchmarking Terminology for LAN + Switching Devices + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + + + Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD + include: + Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking + + Packet Reordering Metrics + + + As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking + characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the + switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the + specification. + + When considering characteristics important to "telco" network + functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In + this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the + IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a + metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of + statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further + metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as + defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT + availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at + Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present + and characterized. + + Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics + below: + + + Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in + frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load + (as defined by ) without traffic loss. + + Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min + and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. + + Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers. + + Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs + as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic’s configuration… it has to deal with + increases. + + Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through + the switch. + + Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the + effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: + delay of the initial packet of a flow). + + CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual + switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as + auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU + utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. + + The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted + over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, and + at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture transient + changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent processes + or the low probability coincidence of two or more processes. The + performance must be evaluated periodically during continuous + testing, and this results in use of Frame + Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which + requires stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit + internal queues). + + + Future/planned test specs include: + Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the + transaction rate through the switch. + + Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. + + Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 + requirements on characterization of + acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. + The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a + network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to + characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment + scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to physical + port + + +
+ +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ + A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test + Methodology Wiki page . +
+ +
+ This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the + "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). + Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is + organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are + occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics + when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current + version of the LTD specification is available . + + The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data + plane, rather than the control plane. + + A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the + VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . + +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate + + PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency + +
+ +
+ + CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime + + Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime + +
+ +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate + + CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification + + Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames + + Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + + Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure + + Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering + + Throughput.RFC2544.Profile + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.Soak + + Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification + + PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak + +
+ +
+ + Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability + +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
+ Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to + technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test + (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with + dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections + above. + + The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup + and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic + into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management + network. + + Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying + solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. + + Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for + benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising + from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production + networks. +
+ +
+ No IANA Action is requested at this time. +
+ +
+ The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, + Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, and Doug Montgomery, and others for + their reviews. +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability + Best Practices + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Test Topologies + https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Spec Overview + https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Specification + http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/index.html + + + + + + + + + + + + Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release + https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra + + + + + + + + + + + + https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000..9157763e --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/ietf_draft/draft-vsperf-bmwg-vswitch-opnfv-02.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1016 @@ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Benchmarking Virtual Switches in + OPNFV + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + maryam.tahhan@intel.com + + +
+ + + + Intel + +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + billy.o.mahony@intel.com + + +
+ + + + AT&T Labs + +
+ + 200 Laurel Avenue South + + Middletown, + + NJ + + 07748 + + USA + + + +1 732 420 1571 + + +1 732 368 1192 + + acmorton@att.com + + http://home.comcast.net/~acmacm/ +
+ + + + + + This memo describes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV (OPNFV) + project on virtual switch performance "VSWITCHPERF". This project + intends to build on the current and completed work of the Benchmarking + Methodology Working Group in IETF, by referencing existing literature. + The Benchmarking Methodology Working Group has traditionally conducted + laboratory characterization of dedicated physical implementations of + internetworking functions. Therefore, this memo begins to describe the + additional considerations when virtual switches are implemented in + general-purpose hardware. The expanded tests and benchmarks are also + influenced by the OPNFV mission to support virtualization of the "telco" + infrastructure. + + + + The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", + "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this + document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119. + + + + + + +
+ Benchmarking Methodology Working Group (BMWG) has traditionally + conducted laboratory characterization of dedicated physical + implementations of internetworking functions. The Black-box Benchmarks + of Throughput, Latency, Forwarding Rates and others have served our + industry for many years. Now, Network Function Virtualization (NFV) has + the goal to transform how internetwork functions are implemented, and + therefore has garnered much attention. + + This memo summarizes the progress of the Open Platform for NFV + (OPNFV) project on virtual switch performance characterization, + "VSWITCHPERF", through the Brahmaputra (second) release . This project intends to build on the current and + completed work of the Benchmarking Methodology Working Group in IETF, by + referencing existing literature. For example, currently the most often + referenced RFC is (which depends on ) and foundation of the benchmarking work in OPNFV is + common and strong. + + See + https://wiki.opnfv.org/characterize_vswitch_performance_for_telco_nfv_use_cases + for more background, and the OPNFV website for general information: + https://www.opnfv.org/ + + The authors note that OPNFV distinguishes itself from other open + source compute and networking projects through its emphasis on existing + "telco" services as opposed to cloud-computing. There are many ways in + which telco requirements have different emphasis on performance + dimensions when compared to cloud computing: support for and transfer of + isochronous media streams is one example. + + Note also that the move to NFV Infrastructure has resulted in many + new benchmarking initiatives across the industry. The authors are + currently doing their best to maintain alignment with many other + projects, and this Internet Draft is one part of the efforts. We + acknowledge the early work in , and useful + discussion with the authors. +
+ +
+ The primary purpose and scope of the memo is to inform the industry + of work-in-progress that builds on the body of extensive BMWG literature + and experience, and describe the extensions needed for benchmarking + virtual switches. Inital feedback indicates that many of these + extensions may be applicable beyond the current scope (to hardware + switches in the NFV Infrastructure and to virtual routers, for example). + Additionally, this memo serves as a vehicle to include more detail and + commentary from BMWG and other Open Source communities, under BMWG's + chartered work to characterize the NFV Infrastructure (a virtual switch + is an important aspect of that infrastructure). +
+ +
+ This section highlights some specific considerations (from )related to Benchmarks for virtual + switches. The OPNFV project is sharing its present view on these areas, + as they develop their specifications in the Level Test Design (LTD) + document. + +
+ To compare the performance of virtual designs and implementations + with their physical counterparts, identical benchmarks are needed. + BMWG has developed specifications for many network functions this memo + re-uses existing benchmarks through references, and expands them + during development of new methods. A key configuration aspect is the + number of parallel cores required to achieve comparable performance + with a given physical device, or whether some limit of scale was + reached before the cores could achieve the comparable level. + + It's unlikely that the virtual switch will be the only application + running on the SUT, so CPU utilization, Cache utilization, and Memory + footprint should also be recorded for the virtual implementations of + internetworking functions. +
+ +
+ External observations remain essential as the basis for Benchmarks. + Internal observations with fixed specification and interpretation will + be provided in parallel to assist the development of operations + procedures when the technology is deployed. +
+ +
+ A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying + to ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results. When + benchmarking the performance of a vSwitch there are many factors that + can affect the consistency of results, one key factor is matching the + various hardware and software details of the SUT. This section lists + some of the many new parameters which this project believes are + critical to report in order to achieve repeatability. + + Hardware details including: + + + Platform details + + Processor details + + Memory information (type and size) + + Number of enabled cores + + Number of cores used for the test + + Number of physical NICs, as well as their details + (manufacturer, versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged + into) + + NIC interrupt configuration + + BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified + + CPU microcode level + + Memory DIMM configurations (quad rank performance may not be + the same as dual rank) in size, freq and slot locations + + PCI configuration parameters (payload size, early ack + option...) + + Power management at all levels (ACPI sleep states, processor + package, OS...) + Software details including: + + + OS parameters and behavior (text vs graphical no one typing at + the console on one system) + + OS version (for host and VNF) + + Kernel version (for host and VNF) + + GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF) + + Hypervisor details (Type and version) + + Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used + + vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised + + Memory allocation to the vSwitch + + which NUMA node it is using, and how many memory channels + + DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id + used + + Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere + + VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent + non-persistent + + Number of VMs + + Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver + + Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host + + Number vNIC interrupt configuration + + Thread affinitization for the applications (including the + vSwitch itself) on the host + + Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for + Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). - Test duration. - Number of flows. + + + Test Traffic Information: + Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other + + Packet Sizes + + Deployment Scenario + + + +
+ +
+ Virtual switches group packets into flows by processing and + matching particular packet or frame header information, or by matching + packets based on the input ports. Thus a flow can be thought of a + sequence of packets that have the same set of header field values or + have arrived on the same port. Performance results can vary based on + the parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended + flow classification parameters for any vSwitch performance tests are: + the input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and + the Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow + timeout time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that + do not measure the flow setup time. Normally the first packet of a + particular stream will install the flow in the virtual switch which + adds an additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are + not subject to this latency if the flow is already installed on the + vSwitch. +
+ +
+ This outline describes measurement of baseline with isolated + resources at a high level, which is the intended approach at this + time. + + + Baselines: + Optional: Benchmark platform forwarding capability without + a vswitch or VNF for at least 72 hours (serves as a means of + platform validation and a means to obtain the base performance + for the platform in terms of its maximum forwarding rate and + latency).
+ Benchmark platform forwarding + capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmark VNF forwarding capability with direct + connectivity (vSwitch bypass, e.g., SR/IOV) for at least 72 + hours (serves as a means of VNF validation and a means to + obtain the base performance for the VNF in terms of its + maximum forwarding rate and latency). The metrics gathered + from this test will serve as a key comparison point for + vSwitch bypass technologies performance and vSwitch + performance.
+ Benchmark VNF forwarding capability + + + + +
+ + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, with other + resources (both HW&SW) disabled Example, vSw and VM are + SUT + + Benchmarking with isolated resources alone, leaving some + resources unused + + Benchmark with isolated resources and all resources + occupied + + + Next Steps + Limited sharing + + Production scenarios + + Stressful scenarios + + +
+
+ +
+ The overall specification in preparation is referred to as a Level + Test Design (LTD) document, which will contain a suite of performance + tests. The base performance tests in the LTD are based on the + pre-existing specifications developed by BMWG to test the performance of + physical switches. These specifications include: + + + Benchmarking Methodology for Network + Interconnect Devices + + Benchmarking Methodology for LAN + Switching + + Device Reset Characterization + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + Some of the above/newer RFCs are being applied in benchmarking for + the first time, and represent a development challenge for test equipment + developers. Fortunately, many members of the testing system community + have engaged on the VSPERF project, including an open source test + system. + + In addition to this, the LTD also re-uses the terminology defined + by: + + + Benchmarking Terminology for LAN + Switching Devices + + Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement + + + + + Specifications to be included in future updates of the LTD + include: + Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking + + Packet Reordering Metrics + + + As one might expect, the most fundamental internetworking + characteristics of Throughput and Latency remain important when the + switch is virtualized, and these benchmarks figure prominently in the + specification. + + When considering characteristics important to "telco" network + functions, we must begin to consider additional performance metrics. In + this case, the project specifications have referenced metrics from the + IETF IP Performance Metrics (IPPM) literature. This means that the test of Latency is replaced by measurement of a + metric derived from IPPM's , where a set of + statistical summaries will be provided (mean, max, min, etc.). Further + metrics planned to be benchmarked include packet delay variation as + defined by , reordering, burst behaviour, DUT + availability, DUT capacity and packet loss in long term testing at + Throughput level, where some low-level of background loss may be present + and characterized. + + Tests have been (or will be) designed to collect the metrics + below: + + + Throughput Tests to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in + frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load + (as defined by ) without traffic loss. + + Packet and Frame Delay Distribution Tests to measure average, min + and max packet and frame delay for constant loads. + + Packet Delay Tests to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers. + + Scalability Tests to understand how the virtual switch performs + as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic’s configuration… it has to deal with + increases. + + Stream Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through + the switch. + + Control Path and Datapath Coupling Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the + effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT (example: + delay of the initial packet of a flow). + + CPU and Memory Consumption Tests to understand the virtual + switch’s footprint on the system, usually conducted as + auxiliary measurements with benchmarks above. They include: CPU + utilization, Cache utilization and Memory footprint. + + The so-called "Soak" tests, where the selected test is conducted + over a long period of time (with an ideal duration of 24 hours, and + at least 6 hours). The purpose of soak tests is to capture transient + changes in performance which may occur due to infrequent processes + or the low probability coincidence of two or more processes. The + performance must be evaluated periodically during continuous + testing, and this results in use of Frame + Rate metrics instead of Throughput (which + requires stopping traffic to allow time for all traffic to exit + internal queues). + + + Future/planned test specs include: + Request/Response Performance Tests (TCP, UDP) which measure the + transaction rate through the switch. + + Noisy Neighbour Tests, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. + + Tests derived from examination of ETSI NFV Draft GS IFA003 + requirements on characterization of + acceleration technologies applied to vswitches. + The flexibility of deployment of a virtual switch within a + network means that the BMWG IETF existing literature needs to be used to + characterize the performance of a switch in various deployment + scenarios. The deployment scenarios under consideration include: + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to physical + port + + +
+ +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF to virtual switch + to VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ Physical port to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to physical port + + +
+ VNF to virtual switch to VNF + + +
+ + A set of Deployment Scenario figures is available on the VSPERF Test + Methodology Wiki page . +
+ +
+ This section organizes the many existing test specifications into the + "3x3" matrix (introduced in ). + Because the LTD specification ID names are quite long, this section is + organized into lists for each occupied cell of the matrix (not all are + occupied, also the matrix has grown to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics + when displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). The current + version of the LTD specification is available . + + The tests listed below assess the activation of paths in the data + plane, rather than the control plane. + + A complete list of tests with short summaries is available on the + VSPERF "LTD Test Spec Overview" Wiki page . + +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate + + PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency + +
+ +
+ + CPDP.Coupling.Flow.Addition + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime + + Throughput.RFC2544.ResetTime + +
+ +
+ + Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRate + + CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRateFrameModification + + Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames + + Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + + Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure + + Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering + + Throughput.RFC2544.Profile + +
+ +
+ + Throughput.RFC2889.Soak + + Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification + + PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak + +
+ +
+ + Scalability.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + + MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability + +
+ +
+
+ +
+
+
+ +
+ Benchmarking activities as described in this memo are limited to + technology characterization of a Device Under Test/System Under Test + (DUT/SUT) using controlled stimuli in a laboratory environment, with + dedicated address space and the constraints specified in the sections + above. + + The benchmarking network topology will be an independent test setup + and MUST NOT be connected to devices that may forward the test traffic + into a production network, or misroute traffic to the test management + network. + + Further, benchmarking is performed on a "black-box" basis, relying + solely on measurements observable external to the DUT/SUT. + + Special capabilities SHOULD NOT exist in the DUT/SUT specifically for + benchmarking purposes. Any implications for network security arising + from the DUT/SUT SHOULD be identical in the lab and in production + networks. +
+ +
+ No IANA Action is requested at this time. +
+ +
+ The authors appreciate and acknowledge comments from Scott Bradner, + Marius Georgescu, Ramki Krishnan, Doug Montgomery, Martin Klozik, + Christian Trautman, and others for their reviews. +
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Network Function Virtualization: Performance and Portability + Best Practices + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + Test Topologies + https://wiki.opnfv.org/vsperf/test_methodology + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Spec Overview + https://wiki.opnfv.org/wiki/vswitchperf_test_spec_review + + + + + + + + + + + + LTD Test Specification + http://artifacts.opnfv.org/vswitchperf/docs/requirements/index.html + + + + + + + + + + + + Brahmaputra, Second OPNFV Release + https://www.opnfv.org/brahmaputra + + + + + + + + + + + + https://docbox.etsi.org/ISG/NFV/Open/Drafts/IFA003_Acceleration_-_vSwitch_Spec/ + + + + + + + + + + + diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..d21334ba Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png differ diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..3a85e51f Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_benchmark.png differ diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..b5b76e8a Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png differ diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png new file mode 100644 index 00000000..55294af6 Binary files /dev/null and b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png differ diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..e1372520 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltd.rst @@ -0,0 +1,1712 @@ +.. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. +.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 +.. (c) OPNFV, Intel Corporation, AT&T and others. + +****************************** +VSPERF LEVEL TEST DESIGN (LTD) +****************************** + +.. 3.1 + +============ +Introduction +============ + +The intention of this Level Test Design (LTD) document is to specify the set of +tests to carry out in order to objectively measure the current characteristics +of a virtual switch in the Network Function Virtualization Infrastructure +(NFVI) as well as the test pass criteria. The detailed test cases will be +defined in details-of-LTD_, preceded by the doc-id-of-LTD_ and the scope-of-LTD_. + +This document is currently in draft form. + +.. 3.1.1 + + +.. _doc-id-of-LTD: + +Document identifier +=================== + +The document id will be used to uniquely +identify versions of the LTD. The format for the document id will be: +OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTD\_REL\_STATUS, where by the +status is one of: draft, reviewed, corrected or final. The document id +for this version of the LTD is: +OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTD\_Brahmaputra\_REVIEWED. + +.. 3.1.2 + +.. _scope-of-LTD: + +Scope +===== + +The main purpose of this project is to specify a suite of +performance tests in order to objectively measure the current packet +transfer characteristics of a virtual switch in the NFVI. The intent of +the project is to facilitate testing of any virtual switch. Thus, a +generic suite of tests shall be developed, with no hard dependencies to +a single implementation. In addition, the test case suite shall be +architecture independent. + +The test cases developed in this project shall not form part of a +separate test framework, all of these tests may be inserted into the +Continuous Integration Test Framework and/or the Platform Functionality +Test Framework - if a vSwitch becomes a standard component of an OPNFV +release. + +.. 3.1.3 + +References +========== + +* `RFC 1242 Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection + Devices `__ +* `RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect + Devices `__ +* `RFC 2285 Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching + Devices `__ +* `RFC 2889 Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching + Devices `__ +* `RFC 3918 Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking `__ +* `RFC 4737 Packet Reordering + Metrics `__ +* `RFC 5481 Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement `__ +* `RFC 6201 Device Reset + Characterization `__ + +.. 3.2 + +.. _details-of-LTD: + +================================ +Details of the Level Test Design +================================ + +This section describes the features to be tested (FeaturesToBeTested-of-LTD_), and +identifies the sets of test cases or scenarios (TestIdentification-of-LTD_). + +.. 3.2.1 + +.. _FeaturesToBeTested-of-LTD: + +Features to be tested +===================== + +Characterizing virtual switches (i.e. Device Under Test (DUT) in this document) +includes measuring the following performance metrics: + +- Throughput +- Packet delay +- Packet delay variation +- Packet loss +- Burst behaviour +- Packet re-ordering +- Packet correctness +- Availability and capacity of the DUT + +.. 3.2.2 + +.. _TestIdentification-of-LTD: + +Test identification +=================== + +.. 3.2.2.1 + +Throughput tests +---------------- + +The following tests aim to determine the maximum forwarding rate that +can be achieved with a virtual switch. The list is not exhaustive but +should indicate the type of tests that should be required. It is +expected that more will be added. + +.. 3.2.2.1.1 + +.. _PacketLossRatio: + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and Latency Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + This test determines the DUT's maximum forwarding rate with X% traffic + loss for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). + The default loss percentages to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% + + Note: Other values can be tested if required by the user. + + The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under + :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. + + Under the `RFC2544 `__ + test methodology, the test duration will + include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period + of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each + trial to obtain the final result. + + **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial, the presence or absence + of loss determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, + converging on a maximum rate, or + `RFC2544 `__ Throughput with X% + loss. + The Throughput load is re-used in related + `RFC2544 `__ tests and other + tests. + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of + the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. + - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT + (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the + test specified in Section 26.3 of + `RFC2544 `__). + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + +.. 3.2.2.1.2 + +.. _PacketLossRatioFrameModification: + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 X% packet loss Throughput and Latency Test with + packet modification + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + This test determines the DUT's maximum forwarding rate with X% traffic + loss for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). + The default loss percentages to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% + + Note: Other values can be tested if required by the user. + + The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under + :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. + + Under the `RFC2544 `__ + test methodology, the test duration will + include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period + of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each + trial to obtain the final result. + + During this test, the DUT must perform the following operations on the + traffic flow: + + - Perform packet parsing on the DUT's ingress port. + - Perform any relevant address look-ups on the DUT's ingress ports. + - Modify the packet header before forwarding the packet to the DUT's + egress port. Packet modifications include: + + - Modifying the Ethernet source or destination MAC address. + - Modifying/adding a VLAN tag. (**Recommended**). + - Modifying/adding a MPLS tag. + - Modifying the source or destination ip address. + - Modifying the TOS/DSCP field. + - Modifying the source or destination ports for UDP/TCP/SCTP. + - Modifying the TTL. + + **Expected Result**: The Packet parsing/modifications require some + additional degree of processing resource, therefore the + `RFC2544 `__ + Throughput is expected to be somewhat lower than the Throughput level + measured without additional steps. The reduction is expected to be + greatest on tests with the smallest packet sizes (greatest header + processing rates). + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of + the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss and packet + modification operations being performed by the DUT. + - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT + (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the + test specified in Section 26.3 of + `RFC2544 `__). + - The `RFC5481 `__ + PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, + using the 99th percentile. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + +.. 3.2.2.1.3 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.Profile +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 Throughput and Latency Profile + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + This test reveals how throughput and latency degrades as the offered + rate varies in the region of the DUT's maximum forwarding rate as + determined by LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss). + For example it can be used to determine if the degradation of throughput + and latency as the offered rate increases is slow and graceful or sudden + and severe. + + The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under + :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + + The offered traffic rate is described as a percentage delta with respect + to the DUT's RFC 2544 Throughput as determined by + LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLoss Ratio (0% Packet Loss case). A delta + of 0% is equivalent to an offered traffic rate equal to the RFC 2544 + Maximum Throughput; A delta of +50% indicates an offered rate half-way + between the Maximum RFC2544 Throughput and line-rate, whereas a delta of + -50% indicates an offered rate of half the RFC 2544 Maximum Throughput. + Therefore the range of the delta figure is natuarlly bounded at -100% + (zero offered traffic) and +100% (traffic offered at line rate). + + The following deltas to the maximum forwarding rate should be applied: + + - -50%, -10%, 0%, +10% & +50% + + **Expected Result**: For each packet size a profile should be produced + of how throughput and latency vary with offered rate. + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of the DUT + for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and for each frame + size. + - The average latency for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and + for each frame size. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + - Any failures experienced (for example if the vSwitch crashes, stops + processing packets, restarts or becomes unresponsive to commands) + when the offered load is above Maximum Throughput MUST be recorded + and reported with the results. + +.. 3.2.2.1.4 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 System Recovery Time Test + + **Prerequisite Test** LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to determine the length of time it takes the DUT + to recover from an overload condition for a constant load (fixed length + frames at a fixed interval time). The selected frame sizes are those + previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, + traffic should be sent to the DUT under normal conditions. During the + duration of the test and while the traffic flows are passing though the + DUT, at least one situation leading to an overload condition for the DUT + should occur. The time from the end of the overload condition to when + the DUT returns to normal operations should be measured to determine + recovery time. Prior to overloading the DUT, one should record the + average latency for 10,000 packets forwarded through the DUT. + + The overload condition SHOULD be to transmit traffic at a very high + frame rate to the DUT (150% of the maximum 0% packet loss rate as + determined by LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio or line-rate + whichever is lower), for at least 60 seconds, then reduce the frame rate + to 75% of the maximum 0% packet loss rate. A number of time-stamps + should be recorded: - Record the time-stamp at which the frame rate was + reduced and record a second time-stamp at the time of the last frame + lost. The recovery time is the difference between the two timestamps. - + Record the average latency for 10,000 frames after the last frame loss + and continue to record average latency measurements for every 10,000 + frames, when latency returns to within 10% of pre-overload levels record + the time-stamp. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics collected** + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The length of time it takes the DUT to recover from an overload + condition. + - The length of time it takes the DUT to recover the average latency to + pre-overload conditions. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → physical. + +.. 3.2.2.1.5 + +.. _BackToBackFrames: + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC2544 Back To Back Frames Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to characterize the ability of the DUT to + process back-to-back frames. For each frame size previously defined + under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, a burst of traffic + is sent to the DUT with the minimum inter-frame gap between each frame. + If the number of received frames equals the number of frames that were + transmitted, the burst size should be increased and traffic is sent to + the DUT again. The value measured is the back-to-back value, that is the + maximum burst size the DUT can handle without any frame loss. Please note + a trial must run for a minimum of 2 seconds and should be repeated 50 + times (at a minimum). + + **Expected Result**: + + Tests of back-to-back frames with physical devices have produced + unstable results in some cases. All tests should be repeated in multiple + test sessions and results stability should be examined. + + **Metrics collected** + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The average back-to-back value across the trials, which is + the number of frames in the longest burst that the DUT will + handle without the loss of any frames. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → physical. + +.. 3.2.2.1.6 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRateSoak +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2889 X% packet loss Max Forwarding Rate Soak Test + + **Prerequisite Test** LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to understand the Max Forwarding Rate stability + over an extended test duration in order to uncover any outliers. To allow + for an extended test duration, the test should ideally run for 24 hours + or, if this is not possible, for at least 6 hours. For this test, each frame + size must be sent at the highest Throughput rate with X% packet loss, as + determined in the prerequisite test. The default loss percentages to be + tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% + + Note: Other values can be tested if required by the user. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - Max Forwarding Rate stability of the DUT. + + - This means reporting the number of packets lost per time interval + and reporting any time intervals with packet loss. The + `RFC2889 `__ + Forwarding Rate shall be measured in each interval. + An interval of 60s is suggested. + + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + - The `RFC5481 `__ + PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, + using the 99th percentile. + +.. 3.2.2.1.7 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRateSoakFrameModification +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2889 Max Forwarding Rate Soak Test with Frame Modification + + **Prerequisite Test**: + LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification (0% Packet Loss) + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to understand the Max Forwarding Rate stability over an + extended test duration in order to uncover any outliers. To allow for an + extended test duration, the test should ideally run for 24 hours or, if + this is not possible, for at least 6 hour. For this test, each frame + size must be sent at the highest Throughput rate with 0% packet loss, as + determined in the prerequisite test. + + During this test, the DUT must perform the following operations on the + traffic flow: + + - Perform packet parsing on the DUT's ingress port. + - Perform any relevant address look-ups on the DUT's ingress ports. + - Modify the packet header before forwarding the packet to the DUT's + egress port. Packet modifications include: + + - Modifying the Ethernet source or destination MAC address. + - Modifying/adding a VLAN tag (**Recommended**). + - Modifying/adding a MPLS tag. + - Modifying the source or destination ip address. + - Modifying the TOS/DSCP field. + - Modifying the source or destination ports for UDP/TCP/SCTP. + - Modifying the TTL. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - Max Forwarding Rate stability of the DUT. + + - This means reporting the number of packets lost per time interval + and reporting any time intervals with packet loss. The + `RFC2889 `__ + Forwarding Rate shall be measured in each interval. + An interval of 60s is suggested. + + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + - The `RFC5481 `__ + PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, using the 99th + percentile. + +.. 3.2.2.1.8 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC6201.ResetTime +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 6201 Reset Time Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to determine the length of time it takes the DUT + to recover from a reset. + + Two reset methods are defined - planned and unplanned. A planned reset + requires stopping and restarting the virtual switch by the usual + 'graceful' method defined by it's documentation. An unplanned reset + requires simulating a fatal internal fault in the virtual switch - for + example by using kill -SIGKILL on a Linux environment. + + Both reset methods SHOULD be exercised. + + For each frame size previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, + traffic should be sent to the DUT under + normal conditions. During the duration of the test and while the traffic + flows are passing through the DUT, the DUT should be reset and the Reset + time measured. The Reset time is the total time that a device is + determined to be out of operation and includes the time to perform the + reset and the time to recover from it (cf. `RFC6201 + `__). + + `RFC6201 `__ defines two methods + to measure the Reset time: + + - Frame-Loss Method: which requires the monitoring of the number of + lost frames and calculates the Reset time based on the number of + frames lost and the offered rate according to the following + formula: + + .. code-block:: console + + Frames_lost (packets) + Reset_time = ------------------------------------- + Offered_rate (packets per second) + + - Timestamp Method: which measures the time from which the last frame + is forwarded from the DUT to the time the first frame is forwarded + after the reset. This involves time-stamping all transmitted frames + and recording the timestamp of the last frame that was received prior + to the reset and also measuring the timestamp of the first frame that + is received after the reset. The Reset time is the difference between + these two timestamps. + + According to `RFC6201 `__ the + choice of method depends on the test tool's capability; the Frame-Loss + method SHOULD be used if the test tool supports: + + * Counting the number of lost frames per stream. + * Transmitting test frame despite the physical link status. + + whereas the Timestamp method SHOULD be used if the test tool supports: + + * Timestamping each frame. + * Monitoring received frame's timestamp. + * Transmitting frames only if the physical link status is up. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics collected** + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + * Average Reset Time over the number of trials performed. + + Results of this test should include the following information: + + * The reset method used. + * Throughput in Fps and Mbps. + * Average Frame Loss over the number of trials performed. + * Average Reset Time in milliseconds over the number of trials performed. + * Number of trials performed. + * Protocol: IPv4, IPv6, MPLS, etc. + * Frame Size in Octets + * Port Media: Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet (GbE), etc. + * Port Speed: 10 Gbps, 40 Gbps etc. + * Interface Encapsulation: Ethernet, Ethernet VLAN, etc. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + * Physical → virtual switch → physical. + +.. 3.2.2.1.9 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC2889 Forwarding Rate Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + This test measures the DUT's Max Forwarding Rate when the Offered Load + is varied between the throughput and the Maximum Offered Load for fixed + length frames at a fixed time interval. The selected frame sizes are + those previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + The throughput is the maximum offered + load with 0% frame loss (measured by the prerequisite test), and the + Maximum Offered Load (as defined by + `RFC2285 `__) is *"the highest + number of frames per second that an external source can transmit to a + DUT/SUT for forwarding to a specified output interface or interfaces"*. + + Traffic should be sent to the DUT at a particular rate (TX rate) + starting with TX rate equal to the throughput rate. The rate of + successfully received frames at the destination counted (in FPS). If the + RX rate is equal to the TX rate, the TX rate should be increased by a + fixed step size and the RX rate measured again until the Max Forwarding + Rate is found. + + The trial duration for each iteration should last for the period of time + needed for the system to reach steady state for the frame size being + tested. Under `RFC2889 `__ + (Sec. 5.6.3.1) test methodology, the test + duration should run for a minimum period of 30 seconds, regardless + whether the system reaches steady state before the minimum duration + ends. + + **Expected Result**: According to + `RFC2889 `__ The Max Forwarding + Rate is the highest forwarding rate of a DUT taken from an iterative set of + forwarding rate measurements. The iterative set of forwarding rate measurements + are made by setting the intended load transmitted from an external source and + measuring the offered load (i.e what the DUT is capable of forwarding). If the + Throughput == the Maximum Offered Load, it follows that Max Forwarding Rate is + equal to the Maximum Offered Load. + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The Max Forwarding Rate for the DUT for each packet size. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → physical. Note: Full mesh tests with + multiple ingress and egress ports are a key aspect of RFC 2889 + benchmarks, and scenarios with both 2 and 4 ports should be tested. + In any case, the number of ports used must be reported. + +.. 3.2.2.1.10 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC2889 Forward Pressure Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to determine if the DUT transmits frames with an + inter-frame gap that is less than 12 bytes. This test overloads the DUT + and measures the output for forward pressure. Traffic should be + transmitted to the DUT with an inter-frame gap of 11 bytes, this will + overload the DUT by 1 byte per frame. The forwarding rate of the DUT + should be measured. + + **Expected Result**: The forwarding rate should not exceed the maximum + forwarding rate of the DUT collected by + LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate. + + **Metrics collected** + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - Forwarding rate of the DUT in FPS or Mbps. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → physical. + +.. 3.2.2.1.11 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC2889 Error Frames Filtering Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to determine whether the DUT will propagate any + erroneous frames it receives or whether it is capable of filtering out + the erroneous frames. Traffic should be sent with erroneous frames + included within the flow at random intervals. Illegal frames that must + be tested include: - Oversize Frames. - Undersize Frames. - CRC Errored + Frames. - Dribble Bit Errored Frames - Alignment Errored Frames + + The traffic flow exiting the DUT should be recorded and checked to + determine if the erroneous frames where passed through the DUT. + + **Expected Result**: Broken frames are not passed! + + **Metrics collected** + + No Metrics are collected in this test, instead it determines: + + - Whether the DUT will propagate erroneous frames. + - Or whether the DUT will correctly filter out any erroneous frames + from traffic flow with out removing correct frames. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → physical. + +.. 3.2.2.1.12 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC2889 Broadcast Frame Forwarding Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to determine the maximum forwarding rate of the + DUT when forwarding broadcast traffic. For each frame previously defined + under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, the traffic should + be set up as broadcast traffic. The traffic throughput of the DUT should + be measured. + + The test should be conducted with at least 4 physical ports on the DUT. + The number of ports used MUST be recorded. + + As broadcast involves forwarding a single incoming packet to several + destinations, the latency of a single packet is defined as the average + of the latencies for each of the broadcast destinations. + + The incoming packet is transmitted on each of the other physical ports, + it is not transmitted on the port on which it was received. The test MAY + be conducted using different broadcasting ports to uncover any + performance differences. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The forwarding rate of the DUT when forwarding broadcast traffic. + - The minimum, average & maximum packets latencies observed. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch 3x physical. In the Broadcast rate testing, + four test ports are required. One of the ports is connected to the test + device, so it can send broadcast frames and listen for miss-routed frames. + +.. 3.2.2.1.13 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.WorstN-BestN +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: Modified RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and Latency Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + This test determines the DUT's maximum forwarding rate with X% traffic + loss for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). + The default loss percentages to be tested are: X = 0%, X = 10^-7% + + Modified RFC 2544 throughput benchmarking methodology aims to quantify + the throughput measurement variations observed during standard RFC 2544 + benchmarking measurements of virtual switches and VNFs. The RFC2544 + binary search algorithm is modified to use more samples per test trial + to drive the binary search and yield statistically more meaningful + results. This keeps the heart of the RFC2544 methodology, still relying + on the binary search of throughput at specified loss tolerance, while + providing more useful information about the range of results seen in + testing. Instead of using a single traffic trial per iteration step, + each traffic trial is repeated N times and the success/failure of the + iteration step is based on these N traffic trials. Two types of revised + tests are defined - *Worst-of-N* and *Best-of-N*. + + **Worst-of-N** + + *Worst-of-N* indicates the lowest expected maximum throughput for ( + packet size, loss tolerance) when repeating the test. + + 1. Repeat the same test run N times at a set packet rate, record each + result. + 2. Take the WORST result (highest packet loss) out of N result samples, + called the Worst-of-N sample. + 3. If Worst-of-N sample has loss less than the set loss tolerance, then + the step is successful - increase the test traffic rate. + 4. If Worst-of-N sample has loss greater than the set loss tolerance + then the step failed - decrease the test traffic rate. + 5. Go to step 1. + + **Best-of-N** + + *Best-of-N* indicates the highest expected maximum throughput for ( + packet size, loss tolerance) when repeating the test. + + 1. Repeat the same traffic run N times at a set packet rate, record + each result. + 2. Take the BEST result (least packet loss) out of N result samples, + called the Best-of-N sample. + 3. If Best-of-N sample has loss less than the set loss tolerance, then + the step is successful - increase the test traffic rate. + 4. If Best-of-N sample has loss greater than the set loss tolerance, + then the step failed - decrease the test traffic rate. + 5. Go to step 1. + + Performing both Worst-of-N and Best-of-N benchmark tests yields lower + and upper bounds of expected maximum throughput under the operating + conditions, giving a very good indication to the user of the + deterministic performance range for the tested setup. + + **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial series, the presence or + absence of loss determines the modification of offered load for the + next trial series, converging on a maximum rate, or + `RFC2544 `__ Throughput + with X% loss. + The Throughput load is re-used in related + `RFC2544 `__ tests and other + tests. + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of + the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. + - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT + (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the + test specified in Section 26.3 of + `RFC2544 `__). + - Following may also be collected as part of this test, to determine + the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system: + + - CPU core utilization. + - CPU cache utilization. + - Memory footprint. + - System bus (QPI, PCI, ...) utilization. + - CPU cycles consumed per packet. + +.. 3.2.2.1.14 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.Overlay.Network..RFC2544.PacketLossRatio +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: Overlay Network RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and Latency Test + + + NOTE: Throughout this test, four interchangeable overlay technologies are covered by the + same test description. They are: VXLAN, GRE, NVGRE and GENEVE. + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + This test evaluates standard switch performance benchmarks for the scenario where an + Overlay Network is deployed for all paths through the vSwitch. Overlay Technologies covered + (replacing in the test name) include: + + - VXLAN + - GRE + - NVGRE + - GENEVE + + Performance will be assessed for each of the following overlay network functions: + + - Encapsulation only + - De-encapsulation only + - Both Encapsulation and De-encapsulation + + For each native packet, the DUT must perform the following operations: + + - Examine the packet and classify its correct overlay net (tunnel) assignment + - Encapsulate the packet + - Switch the packet to the correct port + + For each encapsulated packet, the DUT must perform the following operations: + + - Examine the packet and classify its correct native network assignment + - De-encapsulate the packet, if required + - Switch the packet to the correct port + + The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under + :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + + Thus, each test comprises an overlay technology, a network function, + and a packet size *with* overlay network overhead included + (but see also the discussion at + https://etherpad.opnfv.org/p/vSwitchTestsDrafts ). + + The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. + + Under the `RFC2544 `__ + test methodology, the test duration will + include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period + of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each + trial to obtain the final result for Throughput. + + **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial, the presence or absence + of loss determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, + converging on a maximum rate, or + `RFC2544 `__ Throughput with X% + loss (where the value of X is typically equal to zero). + The Throughput load is re-used in related + `RFC2544 `__ tests and other + tests. + + **Metrics Collected**: + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The maximum Throughput in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of + the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. + - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT + and VNFs (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the + test specified in Section 26.3 of + `RFC2544 `__). + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + +.. 3.2.3.1.15 + +Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.MatchAction.PacketLossRatio +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio match action Throughput and Latency Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to determine the cost of carrying out match + action(s) on the DUT’s RFC2544 Throughput with X% traffic loss for + a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time). + + Each test case requires: + + * selection of a specific match action(s), + * specifying a percentage of total traffic that is elligible + for the match action, + * determination of the specific test configuration (number + of flows, number of test ports, presence of an external + controller, etc.), and + * measurement of the RFC 2544 Throughput level with X% packet + loss: Traffic shall be bi-directional and symmetric. + + Note: It would be ideal to verify that all match action-elligible + traffic was forwarded to the correct port, and if forwarded to + an unintended port it should be considered lost. + + A match action is an action that is typically carried on a frame + or packet that matches a set of flow classification parameters + (typically frame/packet header fields). A match action may or may + not modify a packet/frame. Match actions include [1]: + + * output : outputs a packet to a particular port. + * normal: Subjects the packet to traditional L2/L3 processing + (MAC learning). + * flood: Outputs the packet on all switch physical ports + other than the port on which it was received and any ports + on which flooding is disabled. + * all: Outputs the packet on all switch physical ports other + than the port on which it was received. + * local: Outputs the packet on the ``local port``, which + corresponds to the network device that has the same name as + the bridge. + * in_port: Outputs the packet on the port from which it was + received. + * Controller: Sends the packet and its metadata to the + OpenFlow controller as a ``packet in`` message. + * enqueue: Enqueues the packet on the specified queue + within port. + * drop: discard the packet. + + Modifications include [1]: + + * mod vlan: covered by LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification + * mod_dl_src: Sets the source Ethernet address. + * mod_dl_dst: Sets the destination Ethernet address. + * mod_nw_src: Sets the IPv4 source address. + * mod_nw_dst: Sets the IPv4 destination address. + * mod_tp_src: Sets the TCP or UDP or SCTP source port. + * mod_tp_dst: Sets the TCP or UDP or SCTP destination port. + * mod_nw_tos: Sets the DSCP bits in the IPv4 ToS/DSCP or + IPv6 traffic class field. + * mod_nw_ecn: Sets the ECN bits in the appropriate IPv4 or + IPv6 field. + * mod_nw_ttl: Sets the IPv4 TTL or IPv6 hop limit field. + + Note: This comprehensive list requires extensive traffic generator + capabilities. + + The match action(s) that were applied as part of the test should be + reported in the final test report. + + During this test, the DUT must perform the following operations on + the traffic flow: + + * Perform packet parsing on the DUT’s ingress port. + * Perform any relevant address look-ups on the DUT’s ingress + ports. + * Carry out one or more of the match actions specified above. + + The default loss percentages to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% + Other values can be tested if required by the user. The selected + frame sizes are those previously defined under + :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + + The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the + traffic when a match action is applied to packets in a flow. Under + the RFC2544 test methodology, the test duration will include a + number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period of 60 + seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each + trial to obtain the final result. + + **Expected Result:** + + At the end of each trial, the presence or absence of loss + determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, + converging on a maximum rate, or RFC2544Throughput with X% loss. + The Throughput load is re-used in related RFC2544 tests and other + tests. + + **Metrics Collected:** + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + * The RFC 2544 Throughput in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps + of the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. + * The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through + the DUT (if testing for latency, note that this average is + different from the test specified in Section 26.3 ofRFC2544). + * CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of + this test, to determine the vSwitch’s performance footprint + on the system. + + The metrics collected can be compared to that of the prerequisite + test to determine the cost of the match action(s) in the pipeline. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → physical (and others are possible) + + [1] ovs-ofctl - administer OpenFlow switches + [http://openvswitch.org/support/dist-docs/ovs-ofctl.8.txt ] + + +.. 3.2.2.2 + +Packet Latency tests +-------------------- + +These tests will measure the store and forward latency as well as the packet +delay variation for various packet types through the virtual switch. The +following list is not exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests +that should be required. It is expected that more will be added. + +.. 3.2.2.2.1 + +Test ID: LTD.PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: Initial Packet Processing Latency + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + In some virtual switch architectures, the first packets of a flow will + take the system longer to process than subsequent packets in the flow. + This test determines the latency for these packets. The test will + measure the latency of the packets as they are processed by the + flow-setup-path of the DUT. There are two methods for this test, a + recommended method and a nalternative method that can be used if it is + possible to disable the fastpath of the virtual switch. + + Recommended method: This test will send 64,000 packets to the DUT, each + belonging to a different flow. Average packet latency will be determined + over the 64,000 packets. + + Alternative method: This test will send a single packet to the DUT after + a fixed interval of time. The time interval will be equivalent to the + amount of time it takes for a flow to time out in the virtual switch + plus 10%. Average packet latency will be determined over 1,000,000 + packets. + + This test is intended only for non-learning virtual switches; For learning + virtual switches use RFC2889. + + For this test, only unidirectional traffic is required. + + **Expected Result**: The average latency for the initial packet of all + flows should be greater than the latency of subsequent traffic. + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - Average latency of the initial packets of all flows that are + processed by the DUT. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → Virtual Switch → Physical. + +.. 3.2.2.2.2 + +Test ID: LTD.PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: Packet Delay Variation Soak Test + + **Prerequisite Tests**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss) + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to understand the distribution of packet delay + variation for different frame sizes over an extended test duration and + to determine if there are any outliers. To allow for an extended test + duration, the test should ideally run for 24 hours or, if this is not + possible, for at least 6 hour. For this test, each frame size must be + sent at the highest possible throughput with 0% packet loss, as + determined in the prerequisite test. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The packet delay variation value for traffic passing through the DUT. + - The `RFC5481 `__ + PDV form of delay variation on the traffic flow, + using the 99th percentile, for each 60s interval during the test. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + +.. 3.2.2.3 + +Scalability tests +----------------- + +The general aim of these tests is to understand the impact of large flow +table size and flow lookups on throughput. The following list is not +exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests that should be required. +It is expected that more will be added. + +.. 3.2.2.3.1 + +.. _Scalability0PacketLoss: + +Test ID: LTD.Scalability.Flows.RFC2544.0PacketLoss +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 0% loss Flow Scalability throughput test + + **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio, IF the + delta Throughput between the single-flow RFC2544 test and this test with + a variable number of flows is desired. + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to measure how throughput changes as the number + of flows in the DUT increases. The test will measure the throughput + through the fastpath, as such the flows need to be installed on the DUT + before passing traffic. + + For each frame size previously defined under :ref:`default-test-parameters` + and for each of the following number of flows: + + - 1,000 + - 2,000 + - 4,000 + - 8,000 + - 16,000 + - 32,000 + - 64,000 + - Max supported number of flows. + + This test will be conducted under two conditions following the + establishment of all flows as required by RFC 2544, regarding the flow + expiration time-out: + + 1) The time-out never expires during each trial. + + 2) The time-out expires for all flows periodically. This would require a + short time-out compared with flow re-appearance for a small number of + flows, and may not be possible for all flow conditions. + + The maximum 0% packet loss Throughput should be determined in a manner + identical to LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The maximum number of frames per second that can be forwarded at the + specified number of flows and the specified frame size, with zero + packet loss. + +.. 3.2.2.3.2 + +Test ID: LTD.MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 0% loss Memory Bandwidth Scalability test + + **Prerequisite Tests**: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio, IF the + delta Throughput between an undisturbed RFC2544 test and this test with + the Throughput affected by cache and memory bandwidth contention is desired. + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to understand how the DUT's performance is + affected by cache sharing and memory bandwidth between processes. + + During the test all cores not used by the vSwitch should be running a + memory intensive application. This application should read and write + random data to random addresses in unused physical memory. The random + nature of the data and addresses is intended to consume cache, exercise + main memory access (as opposed to cache) and exercise all memory buses + equally. Furthermore: + + - the ratio of reads to writes should be recorded. A ratio of 1:1 + SHOULD be used. + - the reads and writes MUST be of cache-line size and be cache-line aligned. + - in NUMA architectures memory access SHOULD be local to the core's node. + Whether only local memory or a mix of local and remote memory is used + MUST be recorded. + - the memory bandwidth (reads plus writes) used per-core MUST be recorded; + the test MUST be run with a per-core memory bandwidth equal to half the + maximum system memory bandwidth divided by the number of cores. The test + MAY be run with other values for the per-core memory bandwidth. + - the test MAY also be run with the memory intensive application running + on all cores. + + Under these conditions the DUT's 0% packet loss throughput is determined + as per LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The DUT's 0% packet loss throughput in the presence of cache sharing and + memory bandwidth between processes. + +.. 3.2.2.3.3 + +Test ID: LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: VNF Scalability RFC 2544 X% packet loss ratio Throughput and + Latency Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + This test determines the DUT's throughput rate with X% traffic loss for + a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed interval time) when the + number of VNFs on the DUT increases. The default loss percentages + to be tested are: - X = 0% - X = 10^-7% . The minimum number of + VNFs to be tested are 3. + + Flow classification should be conducted with L2, L3 and L4 matching + to understand the matching and scaling capability of the vSwitch. The + matching fields which were used as part of the test should be reported + as part of the benchmark report. + + The vSwitch is responsible for forwarding frames between the VNFs + + The SUT (vSwitch and VNF daisy chain) operation should be validated + before running the test. This may be completed by running a burst or + continuous stream of traffic through the SUT to ensure proper operation + before a test. + + **Note**: The traffic rate used to validate SUT operation should be low + enough not to stress the SUT. + + **Note**: Other values can be tested if required by the user. + + **Note**: The same VNF should be used in the "daisy chain" formation. + Each addition of a VNF should be conducted in a new test setup (The DUT + is brought down, then the DUT is brought up again). An atlernative approach + would be to continue to add VNFs without bringing down the DUT. The + approach used needs to be documented as part of the test report. + + The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under + :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + The test can also be used to determine the average latency of the traffic. + + Under the `RFC2544 `__ + test methodology, the test duration will + include a number of trials; each trial should run for a minimum period + of 60 seconds. A binary search methodology must be applied for each + trial to obtain the final result for Throughput. + + **Expected Result**: At the end of each trial, the presence or absence + of loss determines the modification of offered load for the next trial, + converging on a maximum rate, or + `RFC2544 `__ Throughput with X% + loss. + The Throughput load is re-used in related + `RFC2544 `__ tests and other + tests. + + If the test VNFs are rather light-weight in terms of processing, the test + provides a view of multiple passes through the vswitch on logical + interfaces. In other words, the test produces an optimistic count of + daisy-chained VNFs, but the cumulative effect of traffic on the vSwitch is + "real" (assuming that the vSwitch has some dedicated resources, and the + effects on shared resources is understood). + + + **Metrics Collected**: + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The maximum Throughput in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of + the DUT for each frame size with X% packet loss. + - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT + and VNFs (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the + test specified in Section 26.3 of + `RFC2544 `__). + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + +.. 3.2.2.3.4 + +Test ID: LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossProfile +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: VNF Scalability RFC 2544 Throughput and Latency Profile + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + This test reveals how throughput and latency degrades as the number + of VNFs increases and offered rate varies in the region of the DUT's + maximum forwarding rate as determined by + LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss). + For example it can be used to determine if the degradation of throughput + and latency as the number of VNFs and offered rate increases is slow + and graceful, or sudden and severe. The minimum number of VNFs to + be tested is 3. + + The selected frame sizes are those previously defined under + :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + + The offered traffic rate is described as a percentage delta with respect + to the DUT's RFC 2544 Throughput as determined by + LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLoss Ratio (0% Packet Loss case). A delta + of 0% is equivalent to an offered traffic rate equal to the RFC 2544 + Throughput; A delta of +50% indicates an offered rate half-way + between the Throughput and line-rate, whereas a delta of + -50% indicates an offered rate of half the maximum rate. Therefore the + range of the delta figure is natuarlly bounded at -100% (zero offered + traffic) and +100% (traffic offered at line rate). + + The following deltas to the maximum forwarding rate should be applied: + + - -50%, -10%, 0%, +10% & +50% + + **Note**: Other values can be tested if required by the user. + + **Note**: The same VNF should be used in the "daisy chain" formation. + Each addition of a VNF should be conducted in a new test setup (The DUT + is brought down, then the DUT is brought up again). An atlernative approach + would be to continue to add VNFs without bringing down the DUT. The + approach used needs to be documented as part of the test report. + + Flow classification should be conducted with L2, L3 and L4 matching + to understand the matching and scaling capability of the vSwitch. The + matching fields which were used as part of the test should be reported + as part of the benchmark report. + + The SUT (vSwitch and VNF daisy chain) operation should be validated + before running the test. This may be completed by running a burst or + continuous stream of traffic through the SUT to ensure proper operation + before a test. + + **Note**: the traffic rate used to validate SUT operation should be low + enough not to stress the SUT + + **Expected Result**: For each packet size a profile should be produced + of how throughput and latency vary with offered rate. + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of the DUT + for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and for each frame + size. + - The average latency for each delta to the maximum forwarding rate and + for each frame size. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + - Any failures experienced (for example if the vSwitch crashes, stops + processing packets, restarts or becomes unresponsive to commands) + when the offered load is above Maximum Throughput MUST be recorded + and reported with the results. + +.. 3.2.2.4 + +Activation tests +---------------- + +The general aim of these tests is to understand the capacity of the +and speed with which the vswitch can accommodate new flows. + +.. 3.2.2.4.1 + +Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC2889 Address Caching Capacity Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: N/A + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + Please note this test is only applicable to virtual switches that are capable of + MAC learning. The aim of this test is to determine the address caching + capacity of the DUT for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed + interval time). The selected frame sizes are those previously defined + under :ref:`default-test-parameters`. + + In order to run this test the aging time, that is the maximum time the + DUT will keep a learned address in its flow table, and a set of initial + addresses, whose value should be >= 1 and <= the max number supported by + the implementation must be known. Please note that if the aging time is + configurable it must be longer than the time necessary to produce frames + from the external source at the specified rate. If the aging time is + fixed the frame rate must be brought down to a value that the external + source can produce in a time that is less than the aging time. + + Learning Frames should be sent from an external source to the DUT to + install a number of flows. The Learning Frames must have a fixed + destination address and must vary the source address of the frames. The + DUT should install flows in its flow table based on the varying source + addresses. Frames should then be transmitted from an external source at + a suitable frame rate to see if the DUT has properly learned all of the + addresses. If there is no frame loss and no flooding, the number of + addresses sent to the DUT should be increased and the test is repeated + until the max number of cached addresses supported by the DUT + determined. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - Number of cached addresses supported by the DUT. + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → 2 x physical (one receiving, one listening). + +.. 3.2.2.4.2 + +Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC2889 Address Learning Rate Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: LTD.Memory.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + Please note this test is only applicable to virtual switches that are capable of + MAC learning. The aim of this test is to determine the rate of address + learning of the DUT for a constant load (fixed length frames at a fixed + interval time). The selected frame sizes are those previously defined + under :ref:`default-test-parameters`, traffic should be + sent with each IPv4/IPv6 address incremented by one. The rate at which + the DUT learns a new address should be measured. The maximum caching + capacity from LTD.Memory.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity should be taken + into consideration as the maximum number of addresses for which the + learning rate can be obtained. + + **Expected Result**: It may be worthwhile to report the behaviour when + operating beyond address capacity - some DUTs may be more friendly to + new addresses than others. + + **Metrics collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The address learning rate of the DUT. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → 2 x physical (one receiving, one listening). + +.. 3.2.2.5 + +Coupling between control path and datapath Tests +------------------------------------------------ + +The following tests aim to determine how tightly coupled the datapath +and the control path are within a virtual switch. The following list +is not exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests that should be +required. It is expected that more will be added. + +.. 3.2.2.5.1 + +Test ID: LTD.CPDPCouplingFlowAddition +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: Control Path and Datapath Coupling + + **Prerequisite Test**: + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to understand how exercising the DUT's control + path affects datapath performance. + + Initially a certain number of flow table entries are installed in the + vSwitch. Then over the duration of an RFC2544 throughput test + flow-entries are added and removed at the rates specified below. No + traffic is 'hitting' these flow-entries, they are simply added and + removed. + + The test MUST be repeated with the following initial number of + flow-entries installed: - < 10 - 1000 - 100,000 - 10,000,000 (or the + maximum supported number of flow-entries) + + The test MUST be repeated with the following rates of flow-entry + addition and deletion per second: - 0 - 1 (i.e. 1 addition plus 1 + deletion) - 100 - 10,000 + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - The maximum forwarding rate in Frames Per Second (FPS) and Mbps of + the DUT. + - The average latency of the traffic flow when passing through the DUT + (if testing for latency, note that this average is different from the + test specified in Section 26.3 of + `RFC2544 `__). + - CPU and memory utilization may also be collected as part of this + test, to determine the vSwitch's performance footprint on the system. + + **Deployment scenario**: + + - Physical → virtual switch → physical. + +.. 3.2.2.6 + +CPU and memory consumption +-------------------------- + +The following tests will profile a virtual switch's CPU and memory +utilization under various loads and circumstances. The following +list is not exhaustive but should indicate the type of tests that +should be required. It is expected that more will be added. + +.. 3.2.2.6.1 + +.. _CPU0PacketLoss: + +Test ID: LTD.Stress.RFC2544.0PacketLoss +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + + **Title**: RFC 2544 0% Loss CPU OR Memory Stress Test + + **Prerequisite Test**: + + **Priority**: + + **Description**: + + The aim of this test is to understand the overall performance of the + system when a CPU or Memory intensive application is run on the same DUT as + the Virtual Switch. For each frame size, an + LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio (0% Packet Loss) test should be + performed. Throughout the entire test a CPU or Memory intensive application + should be run on all cores on the system not in use by the Virtual Switch. + For NUMA system only cores on the same NUMA node are loaded. + + It is recommended that stress-ng be used for loading the non-Virtual + Switch cores but any stress tool MAY be used. + + **Expected Result**: + + **Metrics Collected**: + + The following are the metrics collected for this test: + + - Memory and CPU utilization of the cores running the Virtual Switch. + - The number of identity of the cores allocated to the Virtual Switch. + - The configuration of the stress tool (for example the command line + parameters used to start it.) + + **Note:** Stress in the test ID can be replaced with the name of the + component being stressed, when reporting the results: + LTD.CPU.RFC2544.0PacketLoss or LTD.Memory.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + +.. 3.2.2.7 + +Summary List of Tests +--------------------- + +1. Throughput tests + + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.PacketLossRatioFrameModification + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.Profile + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.SystemRecoveryTime + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.BackToBackFrames + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.Soak + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.SoakFrameModification + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC6201.ResetTime + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.MaxForwardingRate + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ForwardPressure + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.ErrorFramesFiltering + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2889.BroadcastFrameForwarding + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.RFC2544.WorstN-BestN + - Test ID: LTD.Throughput.Overlay.Network..RFC2544.PacketLossRatio + +2. Packet Latency tests + + - Test ID: LTD.PacketLatency.InitialPacketProcessingLatency + - Test ID: LTD.PacketDelayVariation.RFC3393.Soak + +3. Scalability tests + + - Test ID: LTD.Scalability.Flows.RFC2544.0PacketLoss + - Test ID: LTD.MemoryBandwidth.RFC2544.0PacketLoss.Scalability + - LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossProfile + - LTD.Scalability.VNF.RFC2544.PacketLossRatio + +4. Activation tests + + - Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressCachingCapacity + - Test ID: LTD.Activation.RFC2889.AddressLearningRate + +5. Coupling between control path and datapath Tests + + - Test ID: LTD.CPDPCouplingFlowAddition + +6. CPU and memory consumption + + - Test ID: LTD.Stress.RFC2544.0PacketLoss diff --git a/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..2b74d676 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/testing/developer/requirements/vswitchperf_ltp.rst @@ -0,0 +1,1348 @@ +.. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. +.. http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0 +.. (c) OPNFV, Intel Corporation, AT&T and others. + +.. 3.1 + +***************************** +VSPERF LEVEL TEST PLAN (LTP) +***************************** + +=============== +Introduction +=============== + +The objective of the OPNFV project titled +**Characterize vSwitch Performance for Telco NFV Use Cases**, is to +evaluate the performance of virtual switches to identify its suitability for a +Telco Network Function Virtualization (NFV) environment. The intention of this +Level Test Plan (LTP) document is to specify the scope, approach, resources, +and schedule of the virtual switch performance benchmarking activities in +OPNFV. The test cases will be identified in a separate document called the +Level Test Design (LTD) document. + +This document is currently in draft form. + +.. 3.1.1 + + +.. _doc-id: + +Document identifier +========================= + +The document id will be used to uniquely identify versions of the LTP. The +format for the document id will be: OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTP\_REL\_STATUS, where +by the status is one of: draft, reviewed, corrected or final. The document id +for this version of the LTP is: OPNFV\_vswitchperf\_LTP\_Colorado\_REVIEWED. + +.. 3.1.2 + +.. _scope: + +Scope +========== + +The main purpose of this project is to specify a suite of +performance tests in order to objectively measure the current packet +transfer characteristics of a virtual switch in the NFVI. The intent of +the project is to facilitate the performance testing of any virtual switch. +Thus, a generic suite of tests shall be developed, with no hard dependencies to +a single implementation. In addition, the test case suite shall be +architecture independent. + +The test cases developed in this project shall not form part of a +separate test framework, all of these tests may be inserted into the +Continuous Integration Test Framework and/or the Platform Functionality +Test Framework - if a vSwitch becomes a standard component of an OPNFV +release. + +.. 3.1.3 + +References +=============== + +* `RFC 1242 Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection + Devices `__ +* `RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect + Devices `__ +* `RFC 2285 Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching + Devices `__ +* `RFC 2889 Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching + Devices `__ +* `RFC 3918 Methodology for IP Multicast + Benchmarking `__ +* `RFC 4737 Packet Reordering + Metrics `__ +* `RFC 5481 Packet Delay Variation Applicability + Statement `__ +* `RFC 6201 Device Reset + Characterization `__ + +.. 3.1.4 + +Level in the overall sequence +=============================== +The level of testing conducted by vswitchperf in the overall testing sequence (among +all the testing projects in OPNFV) is the performance benchmarking of a +specific component (the vswitch) in the OPNFV platfrom. It's expected that this +testing will follow on from the functional and integration testing conducted by +other testing projects in OPNFV, namely Functest and Yardstick. + +.. 3.1.5 + +Test classes and overall test conditions +========================================= +A benchmark is defined by the IETF as: A standardized test that serves as a +basis for performance evaluation and comparison. It's important to note that +benchmarks are not Functional tests. They do not provide PASS/FAIL criteria, +and most importantly ARE NOT performed on live networks, or performed with live +network traffic. + +In order to determine the packet transfer characteristics of a virtual switch, +the benchmarking tests will be broken down into the following categories: + +- **Throughput Tests** to measure the maximum forwarding rate (in + frames per second or fps) and bit rate (in Mbps) for a constant load + (as defined by `RFC1242 `__) + without traffic loss. +- **Packet and Frame Delay Tests** to measure average, min and max + packet and frame delay for constant loads. +- **Stream Performance Tests** (TCP, UDP) to measure bulk data transfer + performance, i.e. how fast systems can send and receive data through + the virtual switch. +- **Request/Response Performance** Tests (TCP, UDP) the measure the + transaction rate through the virtual switch. +- **Packet Delay Tests** to understand latency distribution for + different packet sizes and over an extended test run to uncover + outliers. +- **Scalability Tests** to understand how the virtual switch performs + as the number of flows, active ports, complexity of the forwarding + logic's configuration... it has to deal with increases. +- **Control Path and Datapath Coupling** Tests, to understand how + closely coupled the datapath and the control path are as well as the + effect of this coupling on the performance of the DUT. +- **CPU and Memory Consumption Tests** to understand the virtual + switch’s footprint on the system, this includes: + + * CPU core utilization. + * CPU cache utilization. + * Memory footprint. + * System bus (QPI, PCI, ..) utilization. + * Memory lanes utilization. + * CPU cycles consumed per packet. + * Time To Establish Flows Tests. + +- **Noisy Neighbour Tests**, to understand the effects of resource + sharing on the performance of a virtual switch. + +**Note:** some of the tests above can be conducted simultaneously where +the combined results would be insightful, for example Packet/Frame Delay +and Scalability. + + + +.. 3.2 + +.. _details-of-LTP: + +=================================== +Details of the Level Test Plan +=================================== + +This section describes the following items: +* Test items and their identifiers (TestItems_) +* Test Traceability Matrix (TestMatrix_) +* Features to be tested (FeaturesToBeTested_) +* Features not to be tested (FeaturesNotToBeTested_) +* Approach (Approach_) +* Item pass/fail criteria (PassFailCriteria_) +* Suspension criteria and resumption requirements (SuspensionResumptionReqs_) + +.. 3.2.1 + +.. _TestItems: + +Test items and their identifiers +================================== +The test item/application vsperf is trying to test are virtual switches and in +particular their performance in an nfv environment. vsperf will first try to +measure the maximum achievable performance by a virtual switch and then it will +focus in on usecases that are as close to real life deployment scenarios as +possible. + +.. 3.2.2 + +.. _TestMatrix: + +Test Traceability Matrix +========================== +vswitchperf leverages the "3x3" matrix (introduced in +https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-bmwg-virtual-net-02) to achieve test +traceability. The matrix was expanded to 3x4 to accommodate scale metrics when +displaying the coverage of many metrics/benchmarks). Test case covreage in the +LTD is tracked using the following catagories: + + ++---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ +| | | | | | +| | SPEED | ACCURACY | RELIABILITY | SCALE | +| | | | | | ++---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ +| | | | | | +| Activation | X | X | X | X | +| | | | | | ++---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ +| | | | | | +| Operation | X | X | X | X | +| | | | | | ++---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ +| | | | | | +| De-activation | | | | | +| | | | | | ++---------------+-------------+------------+---------------+-------------+ + +X = denotes a test catagory that has 1 or more test cases defined. + +.. 3.2.3 + +.. _FeaturesToBeTested: + +Features to be tested +========================== + +Characterizing virtual switches (i.e. Device Under Test (DUT) in this document) +includes measuring the following performance metrics: + +- **Throughput** as defined by `RFC1242 + `__: The maximum rate at which + **none** of the offered frames are dropped by the DUT. The maximum frame + rate and bit rate that can be transmitted by the DUT without any error + should be recorded. Note there is an equivalent bit rate and a specific + layer at which the payloads contribute to the bits. Errors and + improperly formed frames or packets are dropped. +- **Packet delay** introduced by the DUT and its cumulative effect on + E2E networks. Frame delay can be measured equivalently. +- **Packet delay variation**: measured from the perspective of the + VNF/application. Packet delay variation is sometimes called "jitter". + However, we will avoid the term "jitter" as the term holds different + meaning to different groups of people. In this document we will + simply use the term packet delay variation. The preferred form for this + metric is the PDV form of delay variation defined in `RFC5481 + `__. The most relevant + measurement of PDV considers the delay variation of a single user flow, + as this will be relevant to the size of end-system buffers to compensate + for delay variation. The measurement system's ability to store the + delays of individual packets in the flow of interest is a key factor + that determines the specific measurement method. At the outset, it is + ideal to view the complete PDV distribution. Systems that can capture + and store packets and their delays have the freedom to calculate the + reference minimum delay and to determine various quantiles of the PDV + distribution accurately (in post-measurement processing routines). + Systems without storage must apply algorithms to calculate delay and + statistical measurements on the fly. For example, a system may store + temporary estimates of the mimimum delay and the set of (100) packets + with the longest delays during measurement (to calculate a high quantile, + and update these sets with new values periodically. + In some cases, a limited number of delay histogram bins will be + available, and the bin limits will need to be set using results from + repeated experiments. See section 8 of `RFC5481 + `__. +- **Packet loss** (within a configured waiting time at the receiver): All + packets sent to the DUT should be accounted for. +- **Burst behaviour**: measures the ability of the DUT to buffer packets. +- **Packet re-ordering**: measures the ability of the device under test to + maintain sending order throughout transfer to the destination. +- **Packet correctness**: packets or Frames must be well-formed, in that + they include all required fields, conform to length requirements, pass + integrity checks, etc. +- **Availability and capacity** of the DUT i.e. when the DUT is fully “up” + and connected, following measurements should be captured for + DUT without any network packet load: + + - Includes average power consumption of the CPUs (in various power states) and + system over specified period of time. Time period should not be less + than 60 seconds. + - Includes average per core CPU utilization over specified period of time. + Time period should not be less than 60 seconds. + - Includes the number of NIC interfaces supported. + - Includes headroom of VM workload processing cores (i.e. available + for applications). + +.. 3.2.4 + +.. _FeaturesNotToBeTested: + +Features not to be tested +========================== +vsperf doesn't intend to define or perform any functional tests. The aim is to +focus on performance. + +.. 3.2.5 + +.. _Approach: + +Approach +============== +The testing approach adoped by the vswitchperf project is black box testing, +meaning the test inputs can be generated and the outputs captured and +completely evaluated from the outside of the System Under Test. Some metrics +can be collected on the SUT, such as cpu or memory utilization if the +collection has no/minimal impact on benchmark. +This section will look at the deployment scenarios and the general methodology +used by vswitchperf. In addition, this section will also specify the details of +the Test Report that must be collected for each of the test cases. + +.. 3.2.5.1 + +Deployment Scenarios +-------------------------- +The following represents possible deployment test scenarios which can +help to determine the performance of both the virtual switch and the +datapaths to physical ports (to NICs) and to logical ports (to VNFs): + +.. 3.2.5.1.1 + +.. _Phy2Phy: + +Physical port → vSwitch → physical port +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +--------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | v | | Host + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ _| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + +.. 3.2.5.1.2 + +.. _PVP: + +Physical port → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → physical port +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | ^ : | | + | | | | | Guest + | : v | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | + +---+---------------+-----------+---------------+---+ _| + ^ : + | | + : v _ + +---+---------------+----------+---------------+---+ | + | | logical port 0| | logical port 1| | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | ^ : | | + | | | | | Host + | : v | | + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +---+--------------+------------+--------------+---+ _| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + +.. 3.2.5.1.3 + +.. _PVVP: + +Physical port → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → physical port +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | Application | | | | Application | | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | | ^ | | | + | | v | | | v | | Guests + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | + | | 0 1 | | | | 0 1 | | | + +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+ _| + ^ : ^ : + | | | | + : v : v _ + +---+---------------+---------+---------------+--+ | + | | 0 1 | | 3 4 | | | + | | logical ports | | logical ports | | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | ^ | ^ | | | Host + | | L-----------------+ v | | + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy ports | vSwitch | phy ports | | | + +---+--------------+----------+--------------+---+ _| + ^ ^ : : + | | | | + : : v v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + +.. 3.2.5.1.4 + +Physical port → VNF → vSwitch → VNF → physical port +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + |+-------------------+ | | +-------------------+| | + || Application | | | | Application || | + |+-------------------+ | | +-------------------+| | + | ^ | | | ^ | | | Guests + | | v | | | v | | + |+-------------------+ | | +-------------------+| | + || logical ports | | | | logical ports || | + || 0 1 | | | | 0 1 || | + ++--------------------++ ++--------------------++ _| + ^ : ^ : + (PCI passthrough) | | (PCI passthrough) + | v : | _ + +--------++------------+-+------------++---------+ | + | | || 0 | | 1 || | | | + | | ||logical port| |logical port|| | | | + | | |+------------+ +------------+| | | | + | | | | ^ | | | | + | | | L-----------------+ | | | | + | | | | | | | Host + | | | vSwitch | | | | + | | +-----------------------------+ | | | + | | | | | + | | v | | + | +--------------+ +--------------+ | | + | | phy port/VF | | phy port/VF | | | + +-+--------------+--------------+--------------+-+ _| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + +.. 3.2.5.1.5 + +Physical port → vSwitch → VNF +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | ^ | | + | | | | Guest + | : | | + | +---------------+ | | + | | logical port 0| | | + +---+---------------+-------------------------------+ _| + ^ + | + : _ + +---+---------------+------------------------------+ | + | | logical port 0| | | + | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | + | | | | Host + | : | | + | +--------------+ | | + | | phy port | vSwitch | | + +---+--------------+------------ -------------- ---+ _| + ^ + | + : + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + +.. 3.2.5.1.6 + +VNF → vSwitch → physical port +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +---------------------------------------------------+ | + | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Application | | | + | +-------------------------------------------+ | | + | : | | + | | | | Guest + | v | | + | +---------------+ | | + | | logical port | | | + +-------------------------------+---------------+---+ _| + : + | + v _ + +------------------------------+---------------+---+ | + | | logical port | | | + | +---------------+ | | + | : | | + | | | | Host + | v | | + | +--------------+ | | + | vSwitch | phy port | | | + +-------------------------------+--------------+---+ _| + : + | + v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + +.. 3.2.5.1.7 + +VNF → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +-------------------------+ +-------------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + | +-----------------+ | | +-----------------+ | | + | | Application | | | | Application | | | + | +-----------------+ | | +-----------------+ | | + | : | | ^ | | + | | | | | | | Guest + | v | | : | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | logical port 0| | | | logical port 0| | | + +-----+---------------+---+ +---+---------------+-----+ _| + : ^ + | | + v : _ + +----+---------------+------------+---------------+-----+ | + | | port 0 | | port 1 | | | + | +---------------+ +---------------+ | | + | : ^ | | + | | | | | Host + | +--------------------+ | | + | | | + | vswitch | | + +-------------------------------------------------------+ _| + +.. 3.2.5.1.8 + +HOST 1(Physical port → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → Physical port) +→ HOST 2(Physical port → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → Physical port) + +HOST 1 (PVP) → HOST 2 (PVP) +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +.. code-block:: console + + _ + +----------------------+ +----------------------+ | + | Guest 1 | | Guest 2 | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | Application | | | | Application | | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | | ^ | | | + | | v | | | v | | Guests + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | + | | 0 1 | | | | 0 1 | | | + +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+ _| + ^ : ^ : + | | | | + : v : v _ + +---+---------------+--+ +---+---------------+--+ | + | | 0 1 | | | | 3 4 | | | + | | logical ports | | | | logical ports | | | + | +---------------+ | | +---------------+ | | + | ^ | | | ^ | | | Hosts + | | v | | | v | | + | +--------------+ | | +--------------+ | | + | | phy ports | | | | phy ports | | | + +---+--------------+---+ +---+--------------+---+ _| + ^ : : : + | +-----------------+ | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + + +**Note:** For tests where the traffic generator and/or measurement +receiver are implemented on VM and connected to the virtual switch +through vNIC, the issues of shared resources and interactions between +the measurement devices and the device under test must be considered. + +**Note:** Some RFC 2889 tests require a full-mesh sending and receiving +pattern involving more than two ports. This possibility is illustrated in the +Physical port → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → VNF → vSwitch → physical port +diagram above (with 2 sending and 2 receiving ports, though all ports +could be used bi-directionally). + +**Note:** When Deployment Scenarios are used in RFC 2889 address learning +or cache capacity testing, an additional port from the vSwitch must be +connected to the test device. This port is used to listen for flooded +frames. + +.. 3.2.5.2 + +General Methodology: +-------------------------- +To establish the baseline performance of the virtual switch, tests would +initially be run with a simple workload in the VNF (the recommended +simple workload VNF would be `DPDK `__'s testpmd +application forwarding packets in a VM or vloop\_vnf a simple kernel +module that forwards traffic between two network interfaces inside the +virtualized environment while bypassing the networking stack). +Subsequently, the tests would also be executed with a real Telco +workload running in the VNF, which would exercise the virtual switch in +the context of higher level Telco NFV use cases, and prove that its +underlying characteristics and behaviour can be measured and validated. +Suitable real Telco workload VNFs are yet to be identified. + +.. 3.2.5.2.1 + +.. _default-test-parameters: + +Default Test Parameters +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +The following list identifies the default parameters for suite of +tests: + +- Reference application: Simple forwarding or Open Source VNF. +- Frame size (bytes): 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 1280, 1518, 2K, 4k OR + Packet size based on use-case (e.g. RTP 64B, 256B) OR Mix of packet sizes as + maintained by the Functest project . +- Reordering check: Tests should confirm that packets within a flow are + not reordered. +- Duplex: Unidirectional / Bidirectional. Default: Full duplex with + traffic transmitting in both directions, as network traffic generally + does not flow in a single direction. By default the data rate of + transmitted traffic should be the same in both directions, please + note that asymmetric traffic (e.g. downlink-heavy) tests will be + mentioned explicitly for the relevant test cases. +- Number of Flows: Default for non scalability tests is a single flow. + For scalability tests the goal is to test with maximum supported + flows but where possible will test up to 10 Million flows. Start with + a single flow and scale up. By default flows should be added + sequentially, tests that add flows simultaneously will explicitly + call out their flow addition behaviour. Packets are generated across + the flows uniformly with no burstiness. For multi-core tests should + consider the number of packet flows based on vSwitch/VNF multi-thread + implementation and behavior. + +- Traffic Types: UDP, SCTP, RTP, GTP and UDP traffic. +- Deployment scenarios are: +- Physical → virtual switch → physical. +- Physical → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → physical. +- Physical → virtual switch → VNF → virtual switch → VNF → virtual + switch → physical. +- Physical → VNF → virtual switch → VNF → physical. +- Physical → virtual switch → VNF. +- VNF → virtual switch → Physical. +- VNF → virtual switch → VNF. + +Tests MUST have these parameters unless otherwise stated. **Test cases +with non default parameters will be stated explicitly**. + +**Note**: For throughput tests unless stated otherwise, test +configurations should ensure that traffic traverses the installed flows +through the virtual switch, i.e. flows are installed and have an appropriate +time out that doesn't expire before packet transmission starts. + +.. 3.2.5.2.2 + +Flow Classification +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Virtual switches classify packets into flows by processing and matching +particular header fields in the packet/frame and/or the input port where +the packets/frames arrived. The vSwitch then carries out an action on +the group of packets that match the classification parameters. Thus a +flow is considered to be a sequence of packets that have a shared set of +header field values or have arrived on the same port and have the same +action applied to them. Performance results can vary based on the +parameters the vSwitch uses to match for a flow. The recommended flow +classification parameters for L3 vSwitch performance tests are: the +input port, the source IP address, the destination IP address and the +Ethernet protocol type field. It is essential to increase the flow +time-out time on a vSwitch before conducting any performance tests that +do not measure the flow set-up time. Normally the first packet of a +particular flow will install the flow in the vSwitch which adds an +additional latency, subsequent packets of the same flow are not subject +to this latency if the flow is already installed on the vSwitch. + +.. 3.2.5.2.3 + +Test Priority +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +Tests will be assigned a priority in order to determine which tests +should be implemented immediately and which tests implementations +can be deferred. + +Priority can be of following types: - Urgent: Must be implemented +immediately. - High: Must be implemented in the next release. - Medium: +May be implemented after the release. - Low: May or may not be +implemented at all. + +.. 3.2.5.2.4 + +SUT Setup +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +The SUT should be configured to its "default" state. The +SUT's configuration or set-up must not change between tests in any way +other than what is required to do the test. All supported protocols must +be configured and enabled for each test set up. + +.. 3.2.5.2.5 + +Port Configuration +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +The DUT should be configured with n ports where +n is a multiple of 2. Half of the ports on the DUT should be used as +ingress ports and the other half of the ports on the DUT should be used +as egress ports. Where a DUT has more than 2 ports, the ingress data +streams should be set-up so that they transmit packets to the egress +ports in sequence so that there is an even distribution of traffic +across ports. For example, if a DUT has 4 ports 0(ingress), 1(ingress), +2(egress) and 3(egress), the traffic stream directed at port 0 should +output a packet to port 2 followed by a packet to port 3. The traffic +stream directed at port 1 should also output a packet to port 2 followed +by a packet to port 3. + +.. 3.2.5.2.6 + +Frame Formats +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ + +**Frame formats Layer 2 (data link layer) protocols** + +- Ethernet II + +.. code-block:: console + + +---------------------------+-----------+ + | Ethernet Header | Payload | Check Sum | + +-----------------+---------+-----------+ + |_________________|_________|___________| + 14 Bytes 46 - 1500 4 Bytes + Bytes + + +**Layer 3 (network layer) protocols** + +- IPv4 + +.. code-block:: console + + +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ + | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Payload | Checksum | + +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ + |_________________|___________|_________|___________| + 14 Bytes 20 bytes 26 - 1480 4 Bytes + Bytes + +- IPv6 + +.. code-block:: console + + +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ + | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Payload | Checksum | + +-----------------+-----------+---------+-----------+ + |_________________|___________|_________|___________| + 14 Bytes 40 bytes 26 - 1460 4 Bytes + Bytes + +**Layer 4 (transport layer) protocols** + + - TCP + - UDP + - SCTP + +.. code-block:: console + + +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ + | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Layer 4 Header | Payload | Checksum | + +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ + |_________________|___________|_________________|_________|___________| + 14 Bytes 40 bytes 20 Bytes 6 - 1460 4 Bytes + Bytes + + +**Layer 5 (application layer) protocols** + + - RTP + - GTP + +.. code-block:: console + + +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ + | Ethernet Header | IP Header | Layer 4 Header | Payload | Checksum | + +-----------------+-----------+-----------------+---------+-----------+ + |_________________|___________|_________________|_________|___________| + 14 Bytes 20 bytes 20 Bytes >= 6 Bytes 4 Bytes + +.. 3.2.5.2.7 + +Packet Throughput +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +There is a difference between an Ethernet frame, +an IP packet, and a UDP datagram. In the seven-layer OSI model of +computer networking, packet refers to a data unit at layer 3 (network +layer). The correct term for a data unit at layer 2 (data link layer) is +a frame, and at layer 4 (transport layer) is a segment or datagram. + +Important concepts related to 10GbE performance are frame rate and +throughput. The MAC bit rate of 10GbE, defined in the IEEE standard 802 +.3ae, is 10 billion bits per second. Frame rate is based on the bit rate +and frame format definitions. Throughput, defined in IETF RFC 1242, is +the highest rate at which the system under test can forward the offered +load, without loss. + +The frame rate for 10GbE is determined by a formula that divides the 10 +billion bits per second by the preamble + frame length + inter-frame +gap. + +The maximum frame rate is calculated using the minimum values of the +following parameters, as described in the IEEE 802 .3ae standard: + +- Preamble: 8 bytes \* 8 = 64 bits +- Frame Length: 64 bytes (minimum) \* 8 = 512 bits +- Inter-frame Gap: 12 bytes (minimum) \* 8 = 96 bits + +Therefore, Maximum Frame Rate (64B Frames) += MAC Transmit Bit Rate / (Preamble + Frame Length + Inter-frame Gap) += 10,000,000,000 / (64 + 512 + 96) += 10,000,000,000 / 672 += 14,880,952.38 frame per second (fps) + +.. 3.2.5.3 + +RFCs for testing virtual switch performance +-------------------------------------------------- + +The starting point for defining the suite of tests for benchmarking the +performance of a virtual switch is to take existing RFCs and standards +that were designed to test their physical counterparts and adapting them +for testing virtual switches. The rationale behind this is to establish +a fair comparison between the performance of virtual and physical +switches. This section outlines the RFCs that are used by this +specification. + +.. 3.2.5.3.1 + +RFC 1242 Benchmarking Terminology for Network Interconnection +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +Devices RFC 1242 defines the terminology that is used in describing +performance benchmarking tests and their results. Definitions and +discussions covered include: Back-to-back, bridge, bridge/router, +constant load, data link frame size, frame loss rate, inter frame gap, +latency, and many more. + +.. 3.2.5.3.2 + +RFC 2544 Benchmarking Methodology for Network Interconnect Devices +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +RFC 2544 outlines a benchmarking methodology for network Interconnect +Devices. The methodology results in performance metrics such as latency, +frame loss percentage, and maximum data throughput. + +In this document network “throughput” (measured in millions of frames +per second) is based on RFC 2544, unless otherwise noted. Frame size +refers to Ethernet frames ranging from smallest frames of 64 bytes to +largest frames of 9K bytes. + +Types of tests are: + +1. Throughput test defines the maximum number of frames per second + that can be transmitted without any error, or 0% loss ratio. + In some Throughput tests (and those tests with long duration), + evaluation of an additional frame loss ratio is suggested. The + current ratio (10^-7 %) is based on understanding the typical + user-to-user packet loss ratio needed for good application + performance and recognizing that a single transfer through a + vswitch must contribute a tiny fraction of user-to-user loss. + Further, the ratio 10^-7 % also recognizes practical limitations + when measuring loss ratio. + +2. Latency test measures the time required for a frame to travel from + the originating device through the network to the destination device. + Please note that RFC2544 Latency measurement will be superseded with + a measurement of average latency over all successfully transferred + packets or frames. + +3. Frame loss test measures the network’s + response in overload conditions - a critical indicator of the + network’s ability to support real-time applications in which a + large amount of frame loss will rapidly degrade service quality. + +4. Burst test assesses the buffering capability of a virtual switch. It + measures the maximum number of frames received at full line rate + before a frame is lost. In carrier Ethernet networks, this + measurement validates the excess information rate (EIR) as defined in + many SLAs. + +5. System recovery to characterize speed of recovery from an overload + condition. + +6. Reset to characterize speed of recovery from device or software + reset. This type of test has been updated by `RFC6201 + `__ as such, + the methodology defined by this specification will be that of RFC 6201. + +Although not included in the defined RFC 2544 standard, another crucial +measurement in Ethernet networking is packet delay variation. The +definition set out by this specification comes from +`RFC5481 `__. + +.. 3.2.5.3.3 + +RFC 2285 Benchmarking Terminology for LAN Switching Devices +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +RFC 2285 defines the terminology that is used to describe the +terminology for benchmarking a LAN switching device. It extends RFC +1242 and defines: DUTs, SUTs, Traffic orientation and distribution, +bursts, loads, forwarding rates, etc. + +.. 3.2.5.3.4 + +RFC 2889 Benchmarking Methodology for LAN Switching +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +RFC 2889 outlines a benchmarking methodology for LAN switching, it +extends RFC 2544. The outlined methodology gathers performance +metrics for forwarding, congestion control, latency, address handling +and finally filtering. + +.. 3.2.5.3.5 + +RFC 3918 Methodology for IP Multicast Benchmarking +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +RFC 3918 outlines a methodology for IP Multicast benchmarking. + +.. 3.2.5.3.6 + +RFC 4737 Packet Reordering Metrics +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +RFC 4737 describes metrics for identifying and counting re-ordered +packets within a stream, and metrics to measure the extent each +packet has been re-ordered. + +.. 3.2.5.3.7 + +RFC 5481 Packet Delay Variation Applicability Statement +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +RFC 5481 defined two common, but different forms of delay variation +metrics, and compares the metrics over a range of networking +circumstances and tasks. The most suitable form for vSwitch +benchmarking is the "PDV" form. + +.. 3.2.5.3.8 + +RFC 6201 Device Reset Characterization +~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ +RFC 6201 extends the methodology for characterizing the speed of +recovery of the DUT from device or software reset described in RFC +2544. + +.. 3.2.6: + +.. _PassFailCriteria: + +Item pass/fail criteria +========================= + +vswitchperf does not specify Pass/Fail criteria for the tests in terms of a +threshold, as benchmarks do not (and should not do this). The results/metrics +for a test are simply reported. If it had to be defined, a test is considered +to have passed if it succesfully completed and a relavent metric was +recorded/reported for the SUT. + +.. 3.2.7: + +.. _SuspensionResumptionReqs: + +Suspension criteria and resumption requirements +================================================ +In the case of a throughput test, a test should be suspended if a virtual +switch is failing to forward any traffic. A test should be restarted from a +clean state if the intention is to carry out the test again. + +.. 3.2.8: + +.. _TestDelierables: + +Test deliverables +================== +Each test should produce a test report that details SUT information as well as +the test results. There are a number of parameters related to the system, DUT +and tests that can affect the repeatability of a test results and should be +recorded. In order to minimise the variation in the results of a test, +it is recommended that the test report includes the following information: + +- Hardware details including: + + - Platform details. + - Processor details. + - Memory information (see below) + - Number of enabled cores. + - Number of cores used for the test. + - Number of physical NICs, as well as their details (manufacturer, + versions, type and the PCI slot they are plugged into). + - NIC interrupt configuration. + - BIOS version, release date and any configurations that were + modified. + +- Software details including: + + - OS version (for host and VNF) + - Kernel version (for host and VNF) + - GRUB boot parameters (for host and VNF). + - Hypervisor details (Type and version). + - Selected vSwitch, version number or commit id used. + - vSwitch launch command line if it has been parameterised. + - Memory allocation to the vSwitch – which NUMA node it is using, + and how many memory channels. + - Where the vswitch is built from source: compiler details including + versions and the flags that were used to compile the vSwitch. + - DPDK or any other SW dependency version number or commit id used. + - Memory allocation to a VM - if it's from Hugpages/elsewhere. + - VM storage type: snapshot/independent persistent/independent + non-persistent. + - Number of VMs. + - Number of Virtual NICs (vNICs), versions, type and driver. + - Number of virtual CPUs and their core affinity on the host. + - Number vNIC interrupt configuration. + - Thread affinitization for the applications (including the vSwitch + itself) on the host. + - Details of Resource isolation, such as CPUs designated for + Host/Kernel (isolcpu) and CPUs designated for specific processes + (taskset). + +- Memory Details + + - Total memory + - Type of memory + - Used memory + - Active memory + - Inactive memory + - Free memory + - Buffer memory + - Swap cache + - Total swap + - Used swap + - Free swap + +- Test duration. +- Number of flows. +- Traffic Information: + + - Traffic type - UDP, TCP, IMIX / Other. + - Packet Sizes. + +- Deployment Scenario. + +**Note**: Tests that require additional parameters to be recorded will +explicitly specify this. + + +.. 3.3: + +.. _TestManagement: + +Test management +================= +This section will detail the test activities that will be conducted by vsperf +as well as the infrastructure that will be used to complete the tests in OPNFV. + +.. 3.3.1: + +Planned activities and tasks; test progression +================================================= +A key consideration when conducting any sort of benchmark is trying to +ensure the consistency and repeatability of test results between runs. +When benchmarking the performance of a virtual switch there are many +factors that can affect the consistency of results. This section +describes these factors and the measures that can be taken to limit +their effects. In addition, this section will outline some system tests +to validate the platform and the VNF before conducting any vSwitch +benchmarking tests. + +**System Isolation:** + +When conducting a benchmarking test on any SUT, it is essential to limit +(and if reasonable, eliminate) any noise that may interfere with the +accuracy of the metrics collected by the test. This noise may be +introduced by other hardware or software (OS, other applications), and +can result in significantly varying performance metrics being collected +between consecutive runs of the same test. In the case of characterizing +the performance of a virtual switch, there are a number of configuration +parameters that can help increase the repeatability and stability of +test results, including: + +- OS/GRUB configuration: + + - maxcpus = n where n >= 0; limits the kernel to using 'n' + processors. Only use exactly what you need. + - isolcpus: Isolate CPUs from the general scheduler. Isolate all + CPUs bar one which will be used by the OS. + - use taskset to affinitize the forwarding application and the VNFs + onto isolated cores. VNFs and the vSwitch should be allocated + their own cores, i.e. must not share the same cores. vCPUs for the + VNF should be affinitized to individual cores also. + - Limit the amount of background applications that are running and + set OS to boot to runlevel 3. Make sure to kill any unnecessary + system processes/daemons. + - Only enable hardware that you need to use for your test – to + ensure there are no other interrupts on the system. + - Configure NIC interrupts to only use the cores that are not + allocated to any other process (VNF/vSwitch). + +- NUMA configuration: Any unused sockets in a multi-socket system + should be disabled. +- CPU pinning: The vSwitch and the VNF should each be affinitized to + separate logical cores using a combination of maxcpus, isolcpus and + taskset. +- BIOS configuration: BIOS should be configured for performance where + an explicit option exists, sleep states should be disabled, any + virtualization optimization technologies should be enabled, and + hyperthreading should also be enabled, turbo boost and overclocking + should be disabled. + +**System Validation:** + +System validation is broken down into two sub-categories: Platform +validation and VNF validation. The validation test itself involves +verifying the forwarding capability and stability for the sub-system +under test. The rationale behind system validation is two fold. Firstly +to give a tester confidence in the stability of the platform or VNF that +is being tested; and secondly to provide base performance comparison +points to understand the overhead introduced by the virtual switch. + +* Benchmark platform forwarding capability: This is an OPTIONAL test + used to verify the platform and measure the base performance (maximum + forwarding rate in fps and latency) that can be achieved by the + platform without a vSwitch or a VNF. The following diagram outlines + the set-up for benchmarking Platform forwarding capability: + + .. code-block:: console + + __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | l2fw or DPDK L2FWD app | | Host + | | | | | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | NIC | | | + +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + +* Benchmark VNF forwarding capability: This test is used to verify + the VNF and measure the base performance (maximum forwarding rate in + fps and latency) that can be achieved by the VNF without a vSwitch. + The performance metrics collected by this test will serve as a key + comparison point for NIC passthrough technologies and vSwitches. VNF + in this context refers to the hypervisor and the VM. The following + diagram outlines the set-up for benchmarking VNF forwarding + capability: + + .. code-block:: console + + __ + +--------------------------------------------------+ | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | | | | + | | VNF | | | + | | | | | + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | Passthrough/SR-IOV | | Host + | +------------------------------------------+ | | + | | NIC | | | + +---+------------------------------------------+---+ __| + ^ : + | | + : v + +--------------------------------------------------+ + | | + | traffic generator | + | | + +--------------------------------------------------+ + + +**Methodology to benchmark Platform/VNF forwarding capability** + + +The recommended methodology for the platform/VNF validation and +benchmark is: - Run `RFC2889 `__ +Maximum Forwarding Rate test, this test will produce maximum +forwarding rate and latency results that will serve as the +expected values. These expected values can be used in +subsequent steps or compared with in subsequent validation tests. - +Transmit bidirectional traffic at line rate/max forwarding rate +(whichever is higher) for at least 72 hours, measure throughput (fps) +and latency. - Note: Traffic should be bidirectional. - Establish a +baseline forwarding rate for what the platform can achieve. - Additional +validation: After the test has completed for 72 hours run bidirectional +traffic at the maximum forwarding rate once more to see if the system is +still functional and measure throughput (fps) and latency. Compare the +measure the new obtained values with the expected values. + +**NOTE 1**: How the Platform is configured for its forwarding capability +test (BIOS settings, GRUB configuration, runlevel...) is how the +platform should be configured for every test after this + +**NOTE 2**: How the VNF is configured for its forwarding capability test +(# of vCPUs, vNICs, Memory, affinitization…) is how it should be +configured for every test that uses a VNF after this. + +**Methodology to benchmark the VNF to vSwitch to VNF deployment scenario** + +vsperf has identified the following concerns when benchmarking the VNF to +vSwitch to VNF deployment scenario: + +* The accuracy of the timing synchronization between VNFs/VMs. +* The clock accuracy of a VNF/VM if they were to be used as traffic generators. +* VNF traffic generator/receiver may be using resources of the system under + test, causing at least three forms of workload to increase as the traffic + load increases (generation, switching, receiving). + +The recommendation from vsperf is that tests for this sceanario must +include an external HW traffic generator to act as the tester/traffic transmitter +and receiver. The perscribed methodology to benchmark this deployment scanrio with +an external tester involves the following three steps: + +#. Determine the forwarding capability and latency through the virtual interface +connected to the VNF/VM. + +.. Figure:: vm2vm_virtual_interface_benchmark.png + + Virtual interfaces performance benchmark + +#. Determine the forwarding capability and latency through the VNF/hypervisor. + +.. Figure:: vm2vm_hypervisor_benchmark.png + + Hypervisor performance benchmark + +#. Determine the forwarding capability and latency for the VNF to vSwitch to VNF + taking the information from the previous two steps into account. + +.. Figure:: vm2vm_benchmark.png + + VNF to vSwitch to VNF performance benchmark + +vsperf also identified an alternative configuration for the final step: + +.. Figure:: vm2vm_alternative_benchmark.png + + VNF to vSwitch to VNF alternative performance benchmark + +.. 3.3.2: + +Environment/infrastructure +============================ +Intel is providing a hosted test-bed with nine bare-metal environments +allocated to different OPNFV projects. Currently a number of servers in +`Intel POD 3 `__ are +allocated to vsperf: + + * pod3-wcp-node3 and pod3-wcp-node4 which are used for CI jobs. + * pod3-node6 which is used as a vsperf sandbox environment. + +vsperf CI +--------- +vsperf CI jobs are broken down into: + + * Daily job: + + * Runs everyday takes about 10 hours to complete. + * TESTCASES_DAILY='phy2phy_tput back2back phy2phy_tput_mod_vlan + phy2phy_scalability pvp_tput pvp_back2back pvvp_tput pvvp_back2back'. + * TESTPARAM_DAILY='--test-params TRAFFICGEN_PKT_SIZES=(64,128,512,1024,1518)'. + + * Merge job: + + * Runs whenever patches are merged to master. + * Runs a basic Sanity test. + + * Verify job: + + * Runs every time a patch is pushed to gerrit. + * Builds documentation. + +Scripts: +-------- +There are 2 scripts that are part of VSPERFs CI: + + * build-vsperf.sh: Lives in the VSPERF repository in the ci/ directory and is + used to run vsperf with the appropriate cli parameters. + * vswitchperf.yml: YAML description of our jenkins job. lives in the RELENG + repository. + +More info on vsperf CI can be found here: +https://wiki.opnfv.org/display/vsperf/VSPERF+CI + +.. 3.3.3: + +Responsibilities and authority +=============================== +The group responsible for managing, designing, preparing and executing the +tests listed in the LTD are the vsperf committers and contributors. The vsperf +committers and contributors should work with the relavent OPNFV projects to +ensure that the infrastructure is in place for testing vswitches, and that the +results are published to common end point (a results database). + -- cgit 1.2.3-korg