// Brute force and Pollard rho discrete log algorithms. #include #include // for intptr_t #include #include #include "pbc_utils.h" #include "pbc_field.h" #include "pbc_memory.h" #include "misc/darray.h" struct snapshot_s { element_t a; element_t b; element_t snark; }; typedef struct snapshot_s *snapshot_ptr; static void record(element_t asum, element_t bsum, element_t snark, darray_t hole, mpz_t counter) { snapshot_ptr ss = pbc_malloc(sizeof(struct snapshot_s)); element_init_same_as(ss->a, asum); element_init_same_as(ss->b, bsum); element_init_same_as(ss->snark, snark); element_set(ss->a, asum); element_set(ss->b, bsum); element_set(ss->snark, snark); darray_append(hole, ss); element_printf("snark %Zd: %B\n", counter, snark); } // g, h in some group of order r // finds x such that g^x = h // will hang if no such x exists // x in some field_t that set_mpz makes sense for void element_dlog_brute_force(element_t x, element_t g, element_t h) { element_t g0; mpz_t count; mpz_init(count); element_init_same_as(g0, g); element_set(g0, g); mpz_set_ui(count, 1); while (element_cmp(g0, h)) { element_mul(g0, g0, g); //element_printf("g0^%Zd = %B\n", count, g0); mpz_add_ui(count, count, 1); } element_set_mpz(x, count); mpz_clear(count); element_clear(g0); } // x in Z_r, g, h in some group of order r // finds x such that g^x = h void element_dlog_pollard_rho(element_t x, element_t g, element_t h) { // see Blake, Seroussi and Smart // only one snark for this implementation int i, s = 20; field_ptr Zr = x->field, G = g->field; element_t asum; element_t bsum; element_t a[s]; element_t b[s]; element_t m[s]; element_t g0, snark; darray_t hole; int interval = 5; mpz_t counter; int found = 0; mpz_init(counter); element_init(g0, G); element_init(snark, G); element_init(asum, Zr); element_init(bsum, Zr); darray_init(hole); //set up multipliers for (i = 0; i < s; i++) { element_init(a[i], Zr); element_init(b[i], Zr); element_init(m[i], G); element_random(a[i]); element_random(b[i]); element_pow_zn(g0, g, a[i]); element_pow_zn(m[i], h, b[i]); element_mul(m[i], m[i], g0); } element_random(asum); element_random(bsum); element_pow_zn(g0, g, asum); element_pow_zn(snark, h, bsum); element_mul(snark, snark, g0); record(asum, bsum, snark, hole, counter); for (;;) { int len = element_length_in_bytes(snark); unsigned char *buf = pbc_malloc(len); unsigned char hash = 0; element_to_bytes(buf, snark); for (i = 0; i < len; i++) { hash += buf[i]; } i = hash % s; pbc_free(buf); element_mul(snark, snark, m[i]); element_add(asum, asum, a[i]); element_add(bsum, bsum, b[i]); for (i = 0; i < hole->count; i++) { snapshot_ptr ss = hole->item[i]; if (!element_cmp(snark, ss->snark)) { element_sub(bsum, bsum, ss->b); element_sub(asum, ss->a, asum); //answer is x such that x * bsum = asum //complications arise if gcd(bsum, r) > 1 //which can happen if r is not prime if (!mpz_probab_prime_p(Zr->order, 10)) { mpz_t za, zb, zd, zm; mpz_init(za); mpz_init(zb); mpz_init(zd); mpz_init(zm); element_to_mpz(za, asum); element_to_mpz(zb, bsum); mpz_gcd(zd, zb, Zr->order); mpz_divexact(zm, Zr->order, zd); mpz_divexact(zb, zb, zd); //if zd does not divide za there is no solution mpz_divexact(za, za, zd); mpz_invert(zb, zb, zm); mpz_mul(zb, za, zb); mpz_mod(zb, zb, zm); do { element_pow_mpz(g0, g, zb); if (!element_cmp(g0, h)) { element_set_mpz(x, zb); break; } mpz_add(zb, zb, zm); mpz_sub_ui(zd, zd, 1); } while (mpz_sgn(zd)); mpz_clear(zm); mpz_clear(za); mpz_clear(zb); mpz_clear(zd); } else { element_div(x, asum, bsum); } found = 1; break; } } if (found) break; mpz_add_ui(counter, counter, 1); if (mpz_tstbit(counter, interval)) { record(asum, bsum, snark, hole, counter); interval++; } } for (i = 0; i < s; i++) { element_clear(a[i]); element_clear(b[i]); element_clear(m[i]); } element_clear(g0); element_clear(snark); for (i = 0; i < hole->count; i++) { snapshot_ptr ss = hole->item[i]; element_clear(ss->a); element_clear(ss->b); element_clear(ss->snark); pbc_free(ss); } darray_clear(hole); element_clear(asum); element_clear(bsum); mpz_clear(counter); }